Manukau (New Zealand electorate)

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Manukau is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate in the south Auckland Region. It existed from 1881 to 1978, with a break from 1938 to 1954. It was represented by nine Members of Parliament. Two by-elections were held in the electorate.

Contents

Population centres

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 35 new electorates being formed, including Manukau, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries. [1]

The First Labour Government was defeated in the 1949 election and the incoming National Government changed the Electoral Act, with the electoral quota once again based on total population as opposed to qualified electors, and the tolerance was increased to 7.5% of the electoral quota. There was no adjustments in the number of electorates between the South and North Islands, but the law changes resulted in boundary adjustments to almost every electorate through the 1952 electoral redistribution; only five electorates were unaltered. [2] Five electorates were reconstituted (including Manukau) and one was newly created, and a corresponding six electorates were abolished; all of these in the North Island. [3] These changes took effect with the 1954 election. [4]

The electorate was in the southern section of greater Auckland, and was centred on Manukau.

History

The electorate existed from 1881 to 1938 [5] and then from 1954 to 1978. It was represented by nine Members of Parliament.

Matthew Kirkbride was elected to the Manukau electorate in the 1902 general election, and held the electorate until he died in 1906. [6] His death caused the 6 December 1906 Manukau by-election, which was won by Frederic Lang. [7]

Bill Jordan was first elected in the 1922 general election and was confirmed in the next four elections. [8] When the Labour Party won the 1935 general election and formed the First Labour Government of New Zealand, Jordan expected a cabinet position. Instead, he was appointed to the post of New Zealand High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, which had until that point been traditionally a retirement post for former cabinet ministers. [9] His resignation from Parliament caused the 30 September 1936 Manukau by-election, which was won by Arthur Osborne. [7]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent   Conservative   Liberal   Reform   Labour   National

ElectionWinner
1881 election Maurice O'Rorke
1884 election
1887 election
1890 election William Buckland
1893 election Maurice O'Rorke
1896 election
1896 election
1902 election Matthew Kirkbride
1905 election
1906 by-election Frederic Lang
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election
1922 election Bill Jordan
1925 election
1928 election
1931 election
1935 election
1936 by-election Arthur Osborne
(Electorate abolished 1938–1954; see Onehunga)
1954 election Leon Götz
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election Colin Moyle
1966 election
1969 election Roger Douglas
1972 election
1975 election
(Electorate abolished in 1978; see Manurewa)

Election results

1975 election

1975 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Roger Douglas 7,495 47.65 -9.54
National Brian Leaming6,81743.34
Social Credit Robert McKee7604.83
Values Chris Jackson6263.98
Socialist Unity Alan Marston180.11
Liberal Ron Te Rite Pahi100.06
Majority6784.31-16.46
Turnout 15,72677.21-9.16
Registered electors 20,366

1972 election

1972 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Roger Douglas 7,830 57.19 +7.74
National R O Price4,98636.42
Social Credit Frederick Coles Jordan7745.65+0.24
New Democratic C E Inglis1000.73
Majority2,84420.77+15.63
Turnout 13,69086.37+0.56
Registered electors 15,850

1969 election

1969 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Roger Douglas 8,404 49.45
National Ronald Alfred Walden7,52944.30
Social Credit Frederick Coles Jordan9215.41-4.16
Independent Labour Barry Moss1400.82
Majority8755.14
Turnout 16,99485.81+1.28
Registered electors 19,802

1966 election

1966 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Colin Moyle 8,796 52.36 +2.41
National Max Louis Peers6,06836.12
Social Credit Frederick Coles Jordan1,6099.57+5.55
Independent Simon Michael Mill2071.23
Communist Rita Smith 860.51
Majority2,72816.24+11.38
Turnout 16,79687.09-4.22
Registered electors 19,284

1963 election

1963 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Colin Moyle 7,798 49.95
National Henry Christopher Pryor7,00944.90
Social Credit Frederick Coles Jordan6294.02
Communist Ray Gough1731.10
Majority7594.86
Turnout 15,60991.31-1.26
Registered electors 17,093

1960 election

1960 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Leon Götz 9,723 48.66 +0.78
Labour Cyril Stamp9,47847.43+0.57
Social Credit Thomas Higham7783.89-1.35
Majority2451.22+0.21
Turnout 19,97992.57-1.31
Registered electors 21,581

1957 election

1957 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Leon Götz 7,480 47.88 -8.48
Labour Cyril Stamp7,32146.86+9.91
Social Credit Thomas Higham8205.24
Majority1591.01-18.40
Turnout 15,62193.88+4.14
Registered electors 16,638

1954 election

1954 general election: Manukau [10]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
National Leon Götz 8,918 56.36
Labour Cyril Stamp5,84636.95
Social Credit Douglas Lance Henderson1,0576.68
Majority3,07219.41
Turnout 15,82189.74
Registered electors 17,628

1936 by-election

1936 Manukau by-election [11]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Arthur Osborne 8,593 68.24
National Frederick Doidge 3,99831.75
Informal votes220.17-0.40
Majority4,59536.49
Turnout 12,59178.69-11.10

1935 election

1935 general election: Manukau [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Bill Jordan 9,345 70.22 +5.34
Reform Herbert Jenner Wily2,94322.11
Democrat Herbert Thornley1,0207.66
Informal votes760.57+0.35
Majority6,40248.10+18.35
Turnout 13,30889.79+13.04
Registered electors 14,821

1931 election

1931 general election: Manukau [13] [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Bill Jordan 7,401 64.88 +10.75
Reform Stanley Rickards4,00735.12
Informal votes480.42-0.31
Majority3,39429.75-0.41
Turnout 11,45676.75-11.46
Registered electors 14,927

1928 election

1928 general election: Manukau [15] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Bill Jordan 6,567 54.13 +1.38
United Kells Mason2,90823.97
Reform Bertram Bunn2,65721.90
Informal votes890.73+0.12
Majority3,65930.16+21.92
Turnout 12,22188.21-3.64
Registered electors 13,855

1925 election

1925 general election: Manukau [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Bill Jordan 6,748 52.75 +3.71
Reform Jack Massey 5,96446.62
Informal votes790.61-0.32
Majority1,0548.24+6.03
Turnout 12,79191.85+3.94
Registered electors 13,925

1922 election

1922 general election: Manukau [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Labour Bill Jordan 4,620 49.04
Reform Frederic Lang 4,41146.82-7.16
Ind. Progressive William Adnams3013.19
Informal votes880.93-0.19
Majority2092.21
Turnout 9,42087.91+5.70
Registered electors 10,715

1919 election

1919 general election: Manukau [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Reform Frederic Lang 4,182 53.98
Labour Rex Mason 2,30429.74
Liberal Charles E. Major 1,17315.14
Informal votes871.12
Majority2,50832.37
Turnout 7,74682.21
Registered electors 9,422

1906 by-election

1906 Manukau by-election [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederic Lang 2,514 66.50
Liberal George Ballard1,26633.49
Majority1,24833.01
Turnout 3,780

1899 election

1899 general election: Manukau [21] [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Sir Maurice O'Rorke 1,967 50.28
Independent John Edward Taylor93623.93
Conservative Frank Buckland 51613.19
Conservative Francis Hull49312.60
Majority1,03126.35
Informal votes380.96
Turnout 3,95074.00
Registered electors 5,338

1890 election

1890 general election: Manukau [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frank Buckland 786 52.50
Liberal Sir Maurice O'Rorke 70647.16
Independent A Grant50.33
Majority805.34
Turnout 1,49763.48
Registered electors 2,358

Notes

  1. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 43–48.
  2. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 99f.
  3. ↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 95–100.
  4. ↑ McRobie 1989, p. 99.
  5. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 160.
  6. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 118.
  7. 1 2 Scholefield 1950, p. 119.
  8. ↑ Scholefield 1950, p. 117.
  9. ↑ Templeton, Malcolm. "Jordan, William Joseph - Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture and Heritage . Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Norton 1988, pp. 269.
  11. ↑ "Final Figures". Auckland Star . Vol. LXVII, no. 237. 6 October 1936. p. 9. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  12. ↑ The General Election, 1935. National Library. 1936. pp. 1–35. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  13. ↑ "Election Results". Auckland Star . Vol. LXII, no. 290. 8 December 1931. p. 3. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  14. ↑ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 3. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  15. ↑ Skinner, W. A. G. (1929). The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. p. 3. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  16. ↑ "Electoral". Auckland Star . Vol. LIX, no. 256. 29 October 1928. p. 5. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  17. ↑ The General Election, 1925. Government Printer. 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  18. ↑ The General Election, 1922. Government Printer. 1923. p. 2. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  19. ↑ Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  20. ↑ "Manukau by-election". Wairarapa Daily Times. Vol. LVI, no. 8626. 7 December 1906. p. 5. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  21. ↑ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 1. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  22. ↑ "Electoral District of Manukau". Observer. Vol. XVIII, no. 1094. 16 December 1899. p. 19. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  23. ↑ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

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