Cape Girardeau County, Missouri

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Cape Girardeau County
County
Cape GIrardeau Co Jackson MO courthouse-20180225-163558.jpg
Old Cape Girardeau County Courthouse in Jackson
Map of Missouri highlighting Cape Girardeau County.svg
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Missouri in United States.svg
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°23′N89°41′W / 37.38°N 89.68°W / 37.38; -89.68
CountryFlag of the United States.svg United States
StateFlag of Missouri.svg  Missouri
FoundedOctober 1, 1812
Named for A rock promontory over the Mississippi River and Ensign Sieur Jean Baptiste de Girardot (also spelled Girardeau or Girardat)
Seat Jackson
Largest city Cape Girardeau
Area
 • Total586 sq mi (1,520 km2)
 • Land579 sq mi (1,500 km2)
 • Water7.8 sq mi (20 km2)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total81,710
 • Density140/sq mi (54/km2)
Time zone UTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district 8th
Website www.capecounty.us

Cape Girardeau County (commonly called Cape County) is located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri; its eastern border is formed by the Mississippi River. At the 2020 census, the population was 81,710. [1] The county seat is Jackson, [2] the first city in the US to be named in honor of President Andrew Jackson. Officially organized on October 1, 1812, the county is named after Ensign Sieur Jean Baptiste de Girardot, an official of the French colonial years. The "cape" in the county's name is named after a former promontory rock overlooking the Mississippi River; this feature was demolished during railroad construction. Cape Girardeau County is the hub of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area. Its largest city is Cape Girardeau.

Contents

History

Cape Girardeau County was organized on October 1, 1812, as one of five original counties in the Missouri Territory after the US made the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. It is named after Ensign Sieur Jean Baptiste de Girardot (also spelled Girardeau or Girardat), a French officer stationed 1704–1720 at Kaskaskia in the Illinois Country of New France. In 1733 he founded a trading post on the Mississippi River, which developed as the present-day city of Cape Girardeau. [3] The "cape" in the county name was a rock promontory overlooking the Mississippi River and Claire's house; the original cape rock was destroyed by railroad construction.

Jackson, Missouri is the county seat. The first Cape Girardeau County Courthouse was constructed in 1818 by John Davis. This courthouse burned in 1870. The present courthouse in Jackson was completed in 1908 and was designed by P.H. Weathers.

The county is the site of one of the oldest cold cases in the state of Missouri. Bonnie Huffman, a 20-year-old schoolteacher, was found murdered in a ditch just outside Delta on July 2, 1954. Her case was never solved.

Cape Girardeau is referenced in Dave Van Ronk's song "Hang Me, Oh Hang Me," which has found a place in the folk canon since its release in 1962. The song was featured prominently in the 2013 film Inside Llewyn Davis. In the second verse, the singer refers to having "been all around Cape Girardeau and parts of Arkansas...poor boy, I've been all around this world."

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 586 square miles (1,520 km2), of which 579 square miles (1,500 km2) is land and 7.8 square miles (20 km2) (1.3%) is water. [4]

The geography of Cape Girardeau County varies greatly. The areas around the towns of Delta and Dutchtown are flood plains, which were cultivated as cotton plantations. Western and northern areas are hilly and forested.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1820 5,968—
1830 7,44524.7%
1840 9,35925.7%
1850 13,91248.6%
1860 15,54711.8%
1870 17,55812.9%
1880 20,99819.6%
1890 22,0605.1%
1900 24,31510.2%
1910 27,62113.6%
1920 29,8398.0%
1930 33,20311.3%
1940 37,77513.8%
1950 38,3971.6%
1960 42,0209.4%
1970 49,35017.4%
1980 58,83719.2%
1990 61,6334.8%
2000 68,69311.5%
2010 75,67410.2%
2020 81,7108.0%
U.S. Decennial Census [5]
1790-1960 [6] 1900-1990 [7]
1990-2000 [8] 2010-2020 [1]

As of the census [9] of 2000, there were 68,693 people, 26,980 households, and 17,941 families residing in the county. The population density was 119 inhabitants per square mile (46/km2). There were 29,434 housing units at an average density of 51 units per square mile (20/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 92.13% White, 5.28% Black or African American, 0.36% Native American, 0.75% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Approximately 0.91% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 26,980 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.80% were married couples living together, 9.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.50% were non-families. 27.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.40% under the age of 18, 13.40% from 18 to 24, 27.80% from 25 to 44, 21.60% from 45 to 64, and 13.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $45,862, and the median income for a family was $58,037. Males had a median income of $32,371 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,303. About 6.70% of families and 11.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.40% of those under age 18 and 10.10% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2010), Cape Girardeau County is part of the Bible Belt, with evangelical Protestantism being the most predominant religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Cape Girardeau County who adhere to a religion are Roman Catholics (19.19%), Assemblies of God (19.13%), and Lutherans (LCMS) (16.58%).

2020 Census

Cape Girardeau County Racial Composition [10]
RaceNum.Perc.
White (NH)67,39382.5%
Black or African American (NH)6,4598%
Native American (NH)1700.21%
Asian (NH)1,3001.6%
Pacific Islander (NH)140.02%
Other/Mixed (NH)4,1405.1%
Hispanic or Latino 2,2342.73%

Education

Of adults 25 years of age and older in Cape Girardeau County, 81.1% possess a high school diploma or higher while 24.2% hold a bachelor's degree as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

Private schools

Post-secondary education

Public libraries

Communities

Cities

Villages

Unincorporated communities

Notable people

Politics

Local

Since the late 20th century voters at the local level have switched from the Democratic Party to the Republican Party, which is now predominant in Cape Girardeau County. Republicans hold all of the elected positions in the county.

Cape Girardeau County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor Robert Adams Republican
Auditor Pete Frazier Republican
Circuit Clerk Charlene Biester Republican
County Clerk Kara Clark Summers Republican
Collector Barbara Gholson Republican
Commissioner
(Presiding)		 Clint Tracy Republican
Commissioner
(District 1)		 Paul Koeper Republican
Commissioner
(District 2)		 Charles J. Herbst III Republican
Coroner Wavis Jordan Republican
Prosecuting Attorney Mark Welker Republican
Public Administrator Lisa Reitzel Republican
Recorder Drew Blattner Republican
Sheriff Ruth Ann Dickerson Republican
Treasurer Roger L. Hudson Republican

State

Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2020 72.53%29,12725.58% 10,2721.90% 762
2016 65.70%24,20931.31% 11,5392.99% 1,101
2012 56.02%19,79741.56% 14,6862.43% 857
2008 56.23%20,67241.75% 15,3482.02% 744
2004 65.26%22,43333.49% 11,5111.25% 429
2000 62.50%18,54335.36% 10,4912.14% 635
1996 49.68%13,78148.38% 13,4221.94% 538
1992 54.41%15,08045.59% 12,6360.00% 0
1988 70.08%17,33629.50% 7,2980.42% 104
1984 70.39%17,29929.61% 7,2760.00% 0
1980 66.50%16,19733.11% 8,0640.39% 96
1976 56.62%13,07943.35% 10,0130.03% 7
1972 57.09%12,65642.05% 9,3220.85% 189
1968 37.96% 7,21762.04%11,7950.00% 0
1964 42.74% 8,50657.26%11,3960.00% 0
1960 49.07% 9,38450.93%9,7390.00% 0

In the Missouri House of Representatives, Cape Girardeau County is divided into two legislative districts, both of which are represented by Republicans.

Missouri House of Representatives – District 146 – Cape Girardeau County (2020) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Barry Hovis21,012100.00%+18.11
Missouri House of Representatives – District 146 – Cape Girardeau County (2018) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Barry Hovis15,28981.89%−18.11
Democratic Gayla Dace3,38118.11%+18.11
Missouri House of Representatives – District 146 – Cape Girardeau County (2016) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Donna Lichtenegger18,53098.12%
Missouri House of Representatives – District 146 – Cape Girardeau County (2014) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Donna Lichtenegger7,93398.34%
Missouri House of Representatives – District 146 – Cape Girardeau County (2012) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Donna Lichtenegger16,82498.37%
Missouri House of Representatives – District 147 – Cape Girardeau County (2020) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Wayne Wallingford10,16763.14%−1.64
Democratic Andy Leighton5,93536.86%+1.64
Missouri House of Representatives – District 147 – Cape Girardeau County (2018) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Kathy Swan8,61664.78%−8.88
Democratic Renita Green4,68535.22%+8.88
Missouri House of Representatives – District 147 – Cape Girardeau County (2016) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Kathy Swan10,57573.15%
Libertarian Greg Tlapek3,78226.16%
Missouri House of Representatives – District 147 – Cape Girardeau County (2014) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Kathy Swan5,21469.37%
Democratic Gary Gaines1,67622.30%
Libertarian Greg Tlapek6158.18%
Missouri House of Representatives – District 147 – Cape Girardeau County (2012) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Kathy Swan12,54697.30%

In the Missouri Senate, all of Cape Girardeau County is a part of Missouri's 27h District and is currently represented by Holly Thompson Rehder (R-Sikeston.

Missouri Senate – District 27 – Cape Girardeau County (2020) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Holly Rehder28,94173.58%−2.01
Democratic Donnie Owens10,39126.42%+2.01
Missouri Senate – District 27 – Cape Girardeau County (2016) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Wayne Wallingford27,06275.59%
Democratic Donnie Owens8,73924.41%
Missouri Senate – District 27 – Cape Girardeau County (2012) [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Wayne Wallingford29,73498.09%

Federal

All of Cape Girardeau County is included in Missouri's 8th Congressional District and is currently represented by Jason Smith (R-Salem) in the U.S. House of Representatives. Smith was elected to a fifth term in 2020 over Democratic challenger Kathy Ellis.

U.S. House of Representatives – Missouri’s 8th Congressional District – Cape Girardeau County (2020)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Jason Smith29,02872.93%−0.54
Democratic Kathy Ellis10,03625.21%+0.25
Libertarian Tom Schmitz7391.86%+0.29
U.S. House of Representatives – Missouri's 8th Congressional District – Cape Girardeau County (2018)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Jason Smith23,68773.47%−0.94
Democratic Kathy Ellis8,04824.96%+2.66
Libertarian Jonathan L. Shell5051.57%−1.72

Cape Girardeau County, along with the rest of the state of Missouri, is represented in the U.S. Senate by Josh Hawley (R-Columbia) and Roy Blunt (R-Strafford).

U.S. Senate – Class I – Cape Girardeau County (2018)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Josh Hawley22,96470.65%+16.98
Democratic Claire McCaskill8,88627.34%−13.49
Libertarian Japheth Campbell3070.95%−4.55
Independent Craig O'Dear2320.71%
Green Jo Crain1140.35%+0.35

Blunt was elected to a second term in 2016 over then-Missouri Secretary of State Jason Kander.

U.S. Senate - Class III - Cape Girardeau County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Roy Blunt24,17365.66%
Democratic Jason Kander11,21930.47%
Libertarian Jonathan Dine8632.34%
Green Johnathan McFarland2890.79%
Constitution Fred Ryman2680.73%

Political culture

United States presidential election results for Cape Girardeau County, Missouri [15]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No. %No. %No. %
2020 28,90771.51%10,76026.62%7591.88%
2016 27,01772.41%8,49222.76%1,8024.83%
2012 25,37070.81%9,72827.15%7312.04%
2008 24,76866.14%12,20832.60%4701.26%
2004 23,81468.90%10,56830.57%1830.53%
2000 19,83266.42%9,33431.26%6932.32%
1996 15,55756.32%9,95736.05%2,1087.63%
1992 13,46447.48%9,60533.87%5,28618.64%
1988 16,58367.53%7,90432.19%690.28%
1984 17,40470.32%7,34629.68%00.00%
1980 14,86160.54%8,62535.13%1,0634.33%
1976 12,60754.42%10,44045.07%1170.51%
1972 15,69371.42%6,28028.58%00.00%
1968 10,29853.34%6,65634.48%2,35112.18%
1964 8,77643.43%11,43156.57%00.00%
1960 11,33158.10%8,17241.90%00.00%
1956 10,63858.22%7,63341.78%00.00%
1952 10,72957.42%7,93342.46%220.12%
1948 7,08447.32%7,87252.58%150.10%
1944 8,33954.88%6,84545.05%110.07%
1940 9,29751.71%8,64248.07%390.22%
1936 7,37445.16%8,89254.45%640.39%
1932 5,79640.51%8,39458.67%1170.82%
1928 7,34457.25%5,46442.59%210.16%
1924 6,07652.08%4,96742.58%6235.34%
1920 7,53761.41%4,58437.35%1521.24%
1916 3,75354.60%2,99343.55%1271.85%
1912 2,20337.63%2,58744.19%1,06418.18%
1908 3,38155.51%2,62143.03%891.46%
1904 3,09056.31%2,18739.86%2103.83%
1900 2,77852.58%2,31843.88%1873.54%
1896 2,48249.60%2,47349.42%490.98%
1892 2,20347.83%1,99643.33%4078.84%
1888 2,19851.02%1,89443.96%2165.01%

Cape Girardeau County is something of an outlier in southern Missouri. Unusually for a rural Southern county (straddling the Mississippi embayment), it has generally voted Republican since the Civil War, this was due to Unionist sentiment in the county. In contrast, much of southern Missouri was solidly Democratic for much of the 20th century before swinging heavily Republican at the turn of the millennium.

After voting for Lincoln in 1864 and Grant in 1868, Cape Girardeau County voted Democratic four times in a row. Since 1888, it has voted Democratic only in Franklin Roosevelt's and Lyndon Johnson's 40-state landslides of 1932, 1936, and 1964; in the three-way race in 1912 (when it gave Woodrow Wilson a plurality); and for Missouri native Harry Truman in 1948. Unlike most demographically similar counties, it rejected Jimmy Carter in 1976; Carter is the last Democrat to manage even 40 percent of the county's vote. [16]

Like most areas throughout rural Missouri, voters in Cape Girardeau County generally adhere to socially and culturally conservative principles which have influenced their shift to Republicans. In 2004, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Cape Girardeau County with 83.19 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support, as Missouri became the first state to ban same-sex marriage. In 2006, Cape Girardeau County voted against a state constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research, with 63.12 percent opposed. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support, and Missouri became one of the first states to approve such research. Cape Girardeau County's voters have supported such populist causes as increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Cape Girardeau County voted to increase the minimum wage to $6.50 an hour with 60.04 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every county in Missouri, with 75.94 percent voting in favor. (During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.)

Missouri presidential preference primaries

2020

The 2020 presidential primaries for both the Democratic and Republican parties were held in Missouri on March 10. On the Democratic side, former Vice President Joe Biden (D-Delaware) both won statewide and carried Cape Girardeau County by a wide margin. Biden went on to defeat President Donald Trump in the general election.

Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2020)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Joe Biden3,03056.54
Democratic Bernie Sanders2,06438.52
Democratic Tulsi Gabbard500.93
Democratic Others/Uncommitted2154.01

Incumbent President Donald Trump (R-Florida) faced a primary challenge from former Massachusetts Governor Bill Weld, but won both Cape Girardeau County and statewide by overwhelming margins.

Missouri Republican Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2020)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Donald Trump5,27798.05
Republican Bill Weld210.39
Republican Others/Uncommitted841.56

2016

The 2016 presidential primaries for both the Republican and Democratic parties were held in Missouri on March 15. Businessman Donald Trump (R-New York) narrowly won the state overall, but Senator Ted Cruz (R-Texas) carried a plurality of the vote in Cape Girardeau County. Trump went on to win the nomination and the presidency.

Missouri Republican Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Ted Cruz7,40446.61
Republican Donald Trump6,19238.98
Republican John Kasich1,2577.91
Republican Marco Rubio7014.41
Republican Others/Uncommitted3302.08

On the Democratic side, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (D-New York) narrowly won statewide, but Senator Bernie Sanders (I-Vermont) carried a majority of the vote in Cape Girardeau County.

Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2016)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Bernie Sanders2,37552.36
Democratic Hillary Clinton2,11646.65
Democratic Others/Uncommitted450.99

2012

The 2012 Missouri Republican Presidential Primary's results were nonbinding on the state's national convention delegates. Voters in Cape Girardeau County supported former U.S. Senator Rick Santorum (R-Pennsylvania), who finished first in the state at large, but eventually lost the nomination to former Governor Mitt Romney (R-Massachusetts). Delegates to the congressional district and state conventions were chosen at a county caucus, which selected a delegation favoring Santorum. Incumbent President Barack Obama easily won the Missouri Democratic Primary and renomination. He defeated Romney in the general election.

2008

In 2008, the Missouri Republican Presidential Primary was closely contested, with Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) prevailing and eventually winning the nomination. However, former Governor Mitt Romney (R-Massachusetts) won a plurality in Cape Girardeau County.

Missouri Republican Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2008)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Republican Mitt Romney3,92235.32
Republican John McCain3,52831.77
Republican Mike Huckabee3,06827.63
Republican Ron Paul3613.25
Republican Others/Uncommitted2262.04

Then-Senator Hillary Clinton (D-New York) received more votes than any candidate from either party in Cape Girardeau County during the 2008 presidential primary. Despite initial reports that Clinton had won Missouri, Barack Obama (D-Illinois), also a Senator at the time, narrowly defeated her statewide and later became that year's Democratic nominee, going on to win the presidency.

Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary – Cape Girardeau County (2008)
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Hillary Clinton4,51056.55
Democratic Barack Obama3,14539.44
Democratic Others/Uncommitted3204.02

See also

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Crawford County is a county located in the east-central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. At the 2020 Census, the population was 23,056. Its county seat is Steelville. The county was organized in 1829 and is named after U.S. Senator William H. Crawford of Georgia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boone County, Missouri</span> County in Missouri, United States

Boone County is located in the U.S. state of Missouri. Centrally located in Mid-Missouri, its county seat is Columbia, Missouri's fourth-largest city and location of the University of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 183,610, making it the state's eighth-most populous county. The county was organized November 16, 1820, and named for the then recently deceased Daniel Boone, whose kin largely populated the Boonslick area, having arrived in the 1810s on the Boone's Lick Road. Boone County comprises the Columbia Metropolitan Area. The towns of Ashland and Centralia are the second and third most populous towns in the county.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bollinger County, Missouri</span> County in Missouri, United States

Bollinger County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 10,567. The county seat, largest and only city, is Marble Hill. The largely rural county is supported by agriculture and construction. The county was officially organized in March 1851 from portions of Wayne, Cape Girardeau and Stoddard Counties, and named in honor of George Frederick Bollinger, an early settler.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barry County, Missouri</span> County in Missouri, United States

Barry County is a county located in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 34,534. Its county seat is Cassville. The county was organized in 1835 and named after William Taylor Barry, a U.S. Postmaster General from Kentucky. The town of Barry, also named after the postmaster-general, was located just north of Kansas City, not in Barry County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Girardeau, Missouri</span> City in Missouri, United States

Cape Girardeau is a city in Cape Girardeau and Scott Counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. At the 2020 census, the population was 39,540, making it the 17th-largest in the state. The city is one of two principal cities of the Cape Girardeau, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses Alexander County, Illinois, Bollinger County, Missouri and Cape Girardeau County, Missouri and has a population of 97,517. The sliver of the city located in Scott County is part of the Sikeston Micropolitan Statistical Area, and the entire city forms the core of the Cape Girardeau-Sikeston Combined Statistical Area.

References

  1. 1 2 "2020 Population and Housing State Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ↑ Eaton, David Wolfe (1916). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. p. 270.
  4. ↑ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  5. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  6. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  7. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  8. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
  9. ↑ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  10. ↑ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Cape Girardeau County, Missouri".
  11. ↑ Breeding, Marshall. "Cape Girardeau Public Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  12. ↑ Breeding, Marshall. "Jackson Public Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  13. ↑ Breeding, Marshall. "Riverside Regional Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Cape Girardeau County Election Results" . Retrieved June 29, 2022.
  15. ↑ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
  16. ↑ "County winners, 1836-2016". Google Docs. Retrieved January 16, 2021.

37°23′N89°41′W / 37.38°N 89.68°W / 37.38; -89.68

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