Visa requirements for Afghan citizens

Last updated
Afghan passport (2017-present design) Afghan Passport first issued in 2017.jpg
Afghan passport (2017–present design)

Visa requirements for Afghan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Afghanistan.

Contents

As of 2024, Afghan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 28 countries and territories, ranking the Afghanistan passport 107th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index. [1]

Obtaining foreign visas from within Afghanistan is difficult as many embassies in Afghanistan have closed since Taliban takeover of the government in August 2021. [2]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Afghan citizens holding ordinary passports
.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
Afghanistan
Visa not required
Visa on arrival
eVisa
Visa available both on arrival or online
Visa required Visa requirements for Afghan citizens.svg
Visa requirements for Afghan citizens holding ordinary passports
  Afghanistan
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

CountryVisa requirementAllowed stayNotes (excluding departure fees)
Flag of Albania.svg  Albania eVisa [3] [4]
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Visa required [3]
Flag of Andorra.svg  Andorra Visa required [3]
Flag of Angola.svg  Angola Visa required [3]
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda eVisa [3] [5]
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Visa required [3]
Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia Visa required [3]
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Online Visa required [3] [6]
  • May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Visa required [3]
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan Visa required [3]
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas eVisa [3] [7]
Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival [3] [8] 14 days
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Visa on arrival [3]
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados Visa required [3]
Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Visa required [3]
  • Registration upon arrival for stays longer than five days is mandatory.
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Visa required [3]
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize Visa required [3]
Flag of Benin.svg  Benin eVisa [3] [9] 30 days
Flag of Bhutan.svg  Bhutan eVisa [3] [10]
Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg  Bolivia Online Visa [3] [11]
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa required [3]
Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana eVisa [3] [12] 3 months
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Visa required [3]
Flag of Brunei.svg  Brunei Visa required [3]
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria Visa required [3]
Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso eVisa [3] [13]
Flag of Burundi.svg  Burundi Visa on arrival [3] 1 month
Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival [3] [14] 30 days
Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon eVisa [3] [15]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Visa required [3]
  • Afghans who worked for the Canadian Government (military or development projects) may be eligible for Asylum under [16]
Flag of Cape Verde.svg  Cape Verde Visa on arrival [3] 3 months
Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Republic Visa required [3]
Flag of Chad.svg  Chad Visa required [3]
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Visa required [3]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Visa required [3]
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Online Visa [3] [17]
Flag of the Comoros.svg  Comoros Visa on arrival [3] 45 days
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Republic of the Congo Visa required [3]
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Democratic Republic of the Congo eVisa [3] [18] 7 days
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica Visa required [3]
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Côte d'Ivoire eVisa [3] [19] 3 months
Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Visa required [3]
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba Visa required [3]
Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Visa required [3]
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Visa required [3]
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Visa required
Flag of Djibouti.svg  Djibouti eVisa [3] [20] 90 days
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica Visa not required [3] 21 days
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic Visa required [3]
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Visa required [3]
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Visa not required (conditional) [3] 3 months
  • Visa not required for passengers aged 50 years and above or 16 years and below.
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Visa required [3]
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea eVisa [3] [21]
Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea Visa required [3]
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia Visa required [3]
Flag of Eswatini.svg  Eswatini Visa required [3]
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Visa required [3] [22]
  • Credit card payment transactions are not accepted when applying for e-Visa.
Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji Visa required [3]
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Visa required [3]
Flag of France.svg  France Visa required [3]
Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon eVisa [3] [23] 90 days
Flag of The Gambia.svg  Gambia Visa required [3]
Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia Visa required [3]
  • All residents of Saudi Arabia (including Afghan nationality) can obtain a tourist visa on arrival at Tbilisi Airport.
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Visa required [3]
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Visa required [3]
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Visa required [3]
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada Visa required [3]
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala Visa required [3]
Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea eVisa [3] [25] 90 days
Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg  Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival [3] 90 days
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana Visa required [3]
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti Visa not required [3] 3 months
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras Visa required [3]
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Visa required [3]
Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland Visa required [3]
Flag of India.svg  India eVisa [3] [26] 30 days
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Visa required [3]
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Visa required [3]
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq Visa required [3]
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland Visa required [3]
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Visa required [3]
  • Confirmation from the Israeli Foreign Ministry before a visa is issued. [27]
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Visa required [3]
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica Visa required [3]
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Visa required [3]
  • Nationals who reside in Saudi Arabia (Including Afghan nationality) are able to apply for a tourist visa online (Single entry visa for a stay up to 90 days).
Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan Visa required [3]
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Visa required [3]
Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Electronic Travel Authorisation [3] [28] 90 days
  • Applications can be submitted up to 90 days prior to travel and must be submitted at least 3 days in advance.
  • eTA fee is USD 32.50.
  • Proof of reservation at the hotel where visitors plan to stay is required (if staying with friends, an invitation letter is also acceptable).
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
Flag of Kiribati.svg  Kiribati Visa required [3]
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Visa required [3]
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Visa required [3]
Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait Visa required [3]
Flag of Kyrgyzstan (2023).svg  Kyrgyzstan eVisa [3] [29] 60 days
Flag of Laos.svg  Laos Visa required [3]
Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Visa required [3]
Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Visa required [3]
Flag of Lesotho.svg  Lesotho eVisa [3] [30]
Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia Visa required [3]
Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Visa required [3]
Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  Liechtenstein Visa required [3]
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Visa required [3]
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Visa required [3]
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Visa on arrival [3] 60 days
Flag of Malawi.svg  Malawi eVisa [3] [31] 90 days
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia eVisa [3] [32] 30 days
Flag of Maldives.svg  Maldives Free visa on arrival [3] 30 days
Flag of Mali.svg  Mali Visa required [3]
Flag of Malta.svg  Malta Visa required [3]
Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg  Marshall Islands Visa required [3]
Flag of Mauritania.svg  Mauritania Visa on arrival [3]
Flag of Mauritius.svg  Mauritius Visa required [3]
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Visa required [3]
Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg  Micronesia Visa not required [3] 30 days
Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Visa required [3]
  • Citizens holding a residence permit or a valid visa issued by one of the member states of the European Union or one of the parties to the Schengen Agreement can apply for an electronic visa. [33]
Flag of Monaco.svg  Monaco Visa required [3]
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia Visa required [3]
Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro Visa required [3]
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Visa required [3]
Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique eVisa / Visa on arrival [3] [34] 30 days
Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar Visa required [3]
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia Visa required [3]
Flag of Nauru.svg  Nauru Visa required [3]
Flag of Nepal.svg    Nepal Visa required [3]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Visa required [3]
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Visa required [3]
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua Visa required [3]
  • Visa on arrival if holding valid visas of United States, Canada, and Schengen Member state
Flag of Niger.svg  Niger Visa required [3]
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria eVisa [3] [37] 90 days
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia Visa required [3]
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Visa required [3]
Flag of Oman.svg  Oman Visa required [3]
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Online Visa [3] [38] 3 months
  • Online Visa eligible. [39]
Flag of Palau.svg  Palau Visa on arrival [3] 30 days
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama Visa required [3]
Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg  Papua New Guinea eVisa [3] [40] 60 days
  • Visitors may apply for a visa online under the "Tourist - Own Itinerary" category.
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Visa required [3]
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Visa required [3]
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines Visa required [3]
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Visa required [3]
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Visa required [3]
Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar eVisa [3] [41]
  • Travelers can apply for a visa on the Hayya website.
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Visa required [3]
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Visa required [3]
Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival [3] [42] 30 days
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis eVisa [3] [43]
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia Visa required [3]
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa required [3]
Flag of Samoa.svg  Samoa Visa not required [3] 60 days
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino Visa required [3]
Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  São Tomé and Príncipe Visa required [3]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Visa required [3]
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Visa required [3]
Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Visa required [3]
Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles Electronic Border System [3] [44] 3 months
  • Application can be submitted up to 30 days before travel.
  • Visitors must upload a reservation confirmation(s) for each visitor's location of stay in Seychelles.
  • Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required if coming from endemic countries.
  • Payment of the fee (EUR 10) by credit or debit card.
  • Valid for one journey only and it expires once exit the country.
Flag of Sierra Leone.svg  Sierra Leone eVisa [3] [45] 3 months
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore Visa required [3]
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Visa required [3]
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Visa required [3]
Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg  Solomon Islands Visa required [3]
Flag of Somalia.svg  Somalia Visa on arrival [3] 30 days
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Visa required [3]
Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan eVisa [3] [46]
  • Obtainable online.
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel.
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Visa required [3]
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival [3] [47] 60 days / 30 days
  • The standard visitor visa allows a stay of 60 days within any 6 month period. [48]
  • Visa fees (for Standard visitor visa):
  • e-Visa categories will be charged an additional USD 18.50 service fee.
  • If transiting from any of the Sri Lankan airports, An e-Visa is exempted (2 day transit period).
Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan Visa required [3]
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname eVisa [3] [49] 90 days
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Visa required [3]
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Visa required [3]
Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Visa required [3]
Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan Visa required [3]
Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania Visa required [3]
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Visa required [3]
Flag of East Timor.svg  Timor-Leste Visa on arrival [3] [50] 30 days
Flag of Togo.svg  Togo eVisa [3] [51] 15 days
Flag of Tonga.svg  Tonga Visa required [3]
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago Visa required [3]
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Visa required [3]
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Visa required [3]
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan Visa required [3]
Flag of Tuvalu.svg  Tuvalu Visa on arrival [3] 1 month
Flag of Uganda.svg  Uganda eVisa [3] [52] 3 months
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Visa required [3]
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Visa required [3]
  • May apply using 'Smart service'. [53]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Visa required [3]
Flag of the United States.svg  United States Visa required [3]
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Visa required [3]
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan Visa required [3]
Flag of Vanuatu.svg  Vanuatu Visa required [3]
Flag of the Vatican City (2023-present).svg  Vatican City Visa required [3]
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela Visa required [3]
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam eVisa [3] [56]
  • e-Visa is valid for 90 days and multiple entry.
  • Only Phú Quốc island has a visa exemption for up to 30 days
Flag of Yemen.svg  Yemen Visa required [3]
Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia eVisa [3] [57] 90 days
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe eVisa [3] [58] 3 month

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Afghan citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, and restricted zones:

Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Africa
Flag of the Commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg  British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required [59] Special Permit required.
Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea (outside Asmara)Travel permit required [60] To travel in the rest of Eritrea, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa)
Flag of Ascension Island.svg  Ascension Island eVisa [61] [62] 3 months within any year.
Flag of Saint Helena.svg  Saint Helena eVisa [63] [64]
Flag of Tristan da Cunha.svg  Tristan da Cunha Visa required [65] Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
(Western Sahara controlled territory)
Un­known
Flag of Somaliland.svg  Somaliland Visa on arrival [66] [67] 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival
Asia
Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong eVisa [68]
Flag of India.svg  India PAP/RAPPAP/RAP requiredProtected Area Permit (PAP) required for all of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and parts of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand. A restricted Area Permit (RAP) is required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year. [69] [70] [71] [72] [73]
Flag of Macau.svg  Macau Visa on arrival [3] [74] [75]
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit requiredPeople are not allowed to leave the capital city; tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent travel)
Flag of Palestine.svg  Palestine Visa required [3]
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan Visa required [76]
Flag of Tajikistan.svg Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province Special permits requiredOIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez. [77] [78] [79]
Flag of China.svg Tibet Autonomous Region Travel permit requiredTibet Travel Permit required (10 U.S. Dollars). [80] [81] [82]
Flag of the United Nations.svg Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
Flag of the United Nations.svg UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Flag of Anguilla.svg  Anguilla Visa required [83]
Flag of Aruba.svg  Aruba Visa required [84]
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda Visa required [85]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa required [86]
Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg  British Virgin Islands Visa required [87]
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  Cayman Islands Visa required [88]
Flag of Curacao.svg  Curacao Visa required [89]
Flag of France.svg French Guiana Visa required [90]
Flag of France.svg French West Indies Visa required [91]
Flag of Montserrat.svg  Montserrat Visa required [92]
Flag of Puerto Rico.svg  Puerto Rico Visa required [93]
Flag of Sint Maarten.svg  Sint Maarten Visa required [94]
Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg  Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required [95]
Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg  U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required [68]
Europe
Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg  Abkhazia Visa required [96]
Flag of Kosovo.svg  Kosovo Visa required [3]
Flag of the Greek Orthodox Church.svg Mount Athos Special permit requiredSpecial permit required (4 days: €25 for Orthodox visitors, €35 for non-Orthodox visitors, €18 for students). There is a visitors' quota: a maximum of 100 Orthodox and ten non-Orthodox per day, and women are not allowed. [97] [98]
Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg  Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required [99]
Flag of the United Nations.svg UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access permit required [100] Access Permit is required for traveling inside the zone, except in Civil Use Areas.
Flag of Gibraltar.svg  Gibraltar Visa required [101]
Flag of Norway.svg Jan Mayen Permit required [101] Permit issued by the local police required for a stay of fewer than 24 hours [102] and Permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying more than 24 hours. [103]
Flag of South Ossetia.svg  South Ossetia Visa required [104] [105] Three-day prior notification is required.
Flag of Transnistria (state).svg  Transnistria Visa not required [106] [107] Registration is required after 24h.
Oceania
Flag of American Samoa.svg  American Samoa Visa required [108]
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Ashmore and Cartier Islands Authoristion requiredSpecial authorization required. [109]
Flag of France.svg Clipperton Island Special permit requiredSpecial permit required. [110]
Flag of the Cook Islands.svg  Cook Islands Visa not required [3] [111] 31 days
Flag of French Polynesia.svg  French Polynesia Visa required [112]
Flag of Guam.svg  Guam Visa required [113]
Flag of Niue.svg  Niue Visa not required [3]
Flag of the Pitcairn Islands.svg  Pitcairn Islands Visa not required [114] [115] [116] 14 days visa-free and landing fee of 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.
Flag of the United States.svg United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permit requiredSpecial permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island. [117] [118] [119] [120] [121] [122] [123]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg  Falkland Islands Visa required [124]
Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.svg  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit requiredPre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling). [125] [126]
Antarctica Special permits required for Flag of the British Antarctic Territory.svg  British Antarctic Territory, Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.svg  French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Bandera de la Provincia de Tierra del Fuego.svg  Argentine Antarctica, Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australian Antarctic Territory, Flag of Magallanes, Chile.svg Chilean Antarctic Territory, Flag of Australia (converted).svg Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Flag of Norway.svg Peter I Island, Flag of Norway.svg Queen Maud Land, Flag of New Zealand.svg Ross Dependency. [127] [128] [129] [130] [131] [132] [133] [134] [135] [136] [137] [138]

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages. [139] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021 The New Cover of the International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Philippines.jpg
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year [140] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana. [141]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. [142] [143]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens [144] [145] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled). [146]

Some countries, such as Japan, [147] Ireland and the United Kingdom, [148] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain, [149] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, [150] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, [151] Philippines, [152] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam. [153]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives [154] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States, [155] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata , banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity. [156]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport) Border Control Entry Permit Israel.jpg
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait, [157] Lebanon, [158] Libya, [159] Syria, [160] and Yemen [161] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[ citation needed ]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside. [162]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan, [163] [164] Argentina, [165] Brunei, Cambodia, [166] China, [167] Ethiopia, [168] Ghana, Guinea, [169] India, Japan, [170] [171] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken), [172] Malaysia upon entry and departure, [173] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, [174] Singapore, South Korea, [175] Taiwan, Thailand, [176] Uganda, [177] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation), [178] [179] [180] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa. [181]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports [182] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa. [183] [184]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. "Global Passport Ranking".
  2. Amy Cheng; Haq Nawaz Khan (6 October 2021). "Hundreds of Afghans gather outside passport office as Taliban resumes issuing travel documents". The Washington Post . Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 "The Henley Passport Index". Henley & Partners . 5 October 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  4. "Albania eVisa".
  5. "Antigua and Barbuda eVisa".
  6. "Australia Subclass 600".
  7. "Bahamas eVisa".
  8. "Bahrain eVisa".
  9. "Benin eVisa".
  10. "Bhutan eVisa".
  11. "Bolivia Online Visa".
  12. "Botswana eVisa".
  13. "Burkina Faso eVisa".
  14. "Cambodia eVisa".
  15. "Cameroon eVisa".
  16. "special programs for supporting Afghan nationals". 9 August 2021.
  17. "Colombia Online Visa".
  18. "DR Congo eVisa".
  19. "CI eVisa".
  20. "Djibouti eVisa".
  21. "Equatorial Guinea eVisa".
  22. "information".
  23. "Gabon eVisa".
  24. "FAQ: Assistance leaving Afghanistan".
  25. "Guinea eVisa".
  26. "India eVisa".
  27. "Visa requirements" (PDF). mfa.gov.il.
  28. "Kenya eTA".
  29. "Kyrgyzstan eVisa".
  30. "Lesotho eVisa".
  31. "Malawi eVisa".
  32. "Malaysia eVisa".
  33. "Moldova eVisa".
  34. "Mozambique eVisa".
  35. "A2.15 Unacceptable travel documents". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. 8 April 2013.
  36. "Information about: Australian Resident Visa". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved May 21, 2020. Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
  37. "Nigeria Immigration Services".
  38. "Pakistan Online Visa".
  39. "Tourist Visa".
  40. "PNG eVisa".
  41. "Qatar Hayya".
  42. "Rwanda E-Services".
  43. "ST.KittsNevis eVisa".
  44. "Seychelles Electronic Border System".
  45. "Sierra Leone eVisa".
  46. "South Sudan eVisa".
  47. "SL eVisa".
  48. "Information".
  49. "Who can apply for E-Visa?".
  50. International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  51. "Togo eVisa".
  52. "Uganda eVisa".
  53. "UAE Smart Service".
  54. PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from "Special Immigrant Visas for Afghans - Who Were Employed by/on Behalf of the U.S. Government". U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets . United States Department of State.
  55. PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from "U.S. Refugee Admissions Program Priority 2 Designation for Afghan Nationals". U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets . United States Department of State.
  56. "Vietnam eVisa".
  57. "Zambia eVisa".
  58. "Zimbabwe eVisa".
  59. "British Indian Ocean Territory travel advice". GOV.UK.
  60. Splinter, Hans van der. "Ministry of Tourism - Tourism Service Center". www.Eritrea.be.
  61. "Ascension Island E-Visa System". 13 November 2018.
  62. "Entry Visas". 13 November 2018. Archived from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  63. "Saint Helena eVisa". Saint Helena Government.
  64. "VISA REQUIREMENTS FOR VISITING ST HELENA". St Helena Government. 14 December 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
  65. Grundy, Richard. "Tristan da Cunha Tourism". www.tristandc.com.
  66. "Practical travel information on Visas in Somaliland, Puntland & Somalia - Lonely Planet Travel Information". Archived from the original on 2014-11-06. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  67. "VISA Application". Archived from the original on 2006-11-17. Retrieved 2006-11-17.
  68. 1 2 Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017. Electronic Services for Visa Application , Immigration Department of Hong Kong.
  69. "Entry Formalities to Andaman". Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2013-11-26.
  70. "Arunachal Tourism". Archived from the original on 2014-07-01. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  71. "Entry Formalities in Manipur". Archived from the original on 2011-08-09. Retrieved 2015-08-04.
  72. "时时彩平台推广|时时彩平台推广官网【Pk彩票官方授权】". Archived from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  73. "Tourism in Lakshadweep". Archived from the original on 2014-07-13. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  74. Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao , Macao SAR Government Portal.
  75. "Prior Authorization to Enter".
  76. Visa , Bureau of Consular Affairs of Taiwan.
  77. "Pamirs - the roof of the world". www.pamirs.org. Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  78. "Travel Tajikistan - Permit to visit Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (GBAO)". Archived from the original on 2015-04-23. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  79. Tajikistan-Visa April 27, 2012/ / 0 Comments/ By admin/ (2012-04-27). "Tajikistan-Visa". Tajik Tourism. Archived from the original on 2017-07-06. Retrieved 2018-07-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  80. "Travel Documents - Notice - China TIBET Tourism Bureau". Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-11-16.
  81. "How to get Tibet Travel Permit, Successful Application Tips". Tibet Travel and Tours - Tibet Vista.
  82. "How to get a Tibet Travel Permits - Tibet Visa 2018/2019". www.tibettravelplanner.com. Archived from the original on 2017-10-22. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  83. Visa requirements for Anguilla , Government of Anguilla, October 2016.
  84. Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom? , Government of the Netherlands.
  85. Bermuda entry visas , Government of Bermuda.
  86. Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom? , Government of the Netherlands.
  87. Visas , Tourism Board of the British Virgin Islands.
  88. Visa-free and visa-required countries , Department of Immigration of the Cayman Islands.
  89. Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom? , Government of the Netherlands.
  90. Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon , Légifrance (in French).
  91. Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon , Légifrance (in French).
  92. Countries not requiring a visa , Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  93. Travel without a visa , United States Department of State.
  94. Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom? , Government of the Netherlands.
  95. Requirements to obtain a Turks and Caicos visitor's visa , Ministry of Border Control and Employment of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
  96. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-06-23. Retrieved 2017-06-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  97. "The Friends of Mount Athos - A Pilgrim's Guide to Mount Athos: Planning Your Visit". www.athosfriends.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  98. "Mount Athos Infos is under construction". www.mountathosinfos.gr. Archived from the original on 2007-12-01. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  99. "How to get to North Cyprus? - Passport, Visa & Entry Requirements". www.cypnet.co.uk.
  100. "UNFICYP > Buffer Zone Permits". Archived from the original on 2014-10-21. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  101. 1 2 Visas and immigration , Government of Gibraltar.
  102. Crew, Jan Mayen. "JAN MAYEN HOMESITE, EDITED BY THE JAN MAYEN CREW". www.jan-mayen.no. Archived from the original on 2013-04-30. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  103. "Forskrifter om utlendingers adgang til Jan Mayen" [Regulations on foreigners' access to Jan Mayen]. lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
  104. "О визах - Министерство иностранных дел". mfa-rso.su.
  105. "Procedure of the Entry to the Territory of the Republic of South Ossetia - Министерство иностранных дел". mfa-rso.su. Archived from the original on 2013-10-15. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  106. "Luxlana.net". Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2015-08-04.
  107. "Rules and recommendations - Transnistria tour". transnistria-tour.com.
  108. General information , American Samoa Visitors Bureau.
  109. "Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve and Cartier Island Marine Reserve - Activities Allowed". Archived from the original on 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2015-08-04.
  110. Quintero, Bruno. "Clipperton - Ile de La Passion". www.clipperton.fr.
  111. "Cook Islands Government Online". Archived from the original on 2013-11-15. Retrieved 2013-11-15.
  112. Ruling of 29 December 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of French Polynesia , Légifrance (in French).
  113. Travel without a visa , United States Department of State.
  114. "Tourist Information | Visas & Legal Info | Pitcairn Island Tourism". Archived from the original on 2013-10-18. Retrieved 2015-09-25.
  115. Haigh, Bill. "Pitcairn Islands". www.government.pn.
  116. "Immigration Control Ordinance 2006" (PDF). Government of the Pitcairn Islands . Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  117. "Visiting - Baker Island National Wildlife Refuge". Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  118. "Visiting Howland National Wildlife Refuge". Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  119. "Redirect Page". www.fws.gov. Archived from the original on 2014-09-04. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  120. "Get Involved". Archived from the original on 2008-09-22. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  121. "Visiting Kingman Reef National Wildlife Refuge". Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  122. "Visiting Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge". Archived from the original on 2014-02-27. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  123. "Visiting - Palmyra National Wildlife Refuge". Archived from the original on 2013-05-22. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  124. Immigration Ordinance 1999 , Falkland Islands Government, 31 July 2017.
  125. "South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (British Overseas Territory) travel advice".
  126. "Information for Visitors to South Georgia - South Georgia Website". Archived from the original on 2008-04-12. Retrieved 2018-05-09.
  127. "Antarctic tourism - British Antarctic Survey". www.antarctica.ac.uk.
  128. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-04-27. Retrieved 2011-04-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  129. "British Antarctic Territory - GOV.UK". britishantarcticterritory.fco.gov.uk.
  130. "Accès à l'Antarctique". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 2018-05-01. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  131. "Accès aux Terres australes françaises". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  132. "Accès aux îles Eparses". www.taaf.fr. Archived from the original on 2018-04-17. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  133. "Dna-IAA - la Antártida". Archived from the original on 2014-08-05. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
  134. "Forms expeditioners must sign". www.antarctica.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2012-11-27. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  135. Division, c=AU;o=Commonwealth of Australia;ou=Department of the Environment and Energy;ou=Australian Antarctic (28 February 2005). "Frequently asked questions". www.heardisland.aq.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  136. "Peter I Øy - Norwegian Polar Institute". Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2014-05-12.
  137. "Dronning Maud Land". Norwegian Polar Institute. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  138. Trade, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and. "The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade acts in the world to make New Zealanders safer and more prosperous". New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Archived from the original on 2010-05-22. Retrieved 2013-10-24.
  139. Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian . Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  140. "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  141. "Fièvre jaune" (in French). September 2, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  142. "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  143. Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  144. "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  145. "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  146. "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  147. "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  148. "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  149. Bahrain government website
  150. "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  151. "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  152. "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines" . Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  153. Timatic
  154. "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  155. Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  156. "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Mar 18, 2005. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  157. "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  158. Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  159. "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  160. Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  161. "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2011-08-20. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  162. Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers" . The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  163. "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  164. Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times .
  165. "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  166. "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com.
  167. "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  168. "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  169. "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  170. "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  171. "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 2007-10-26.
  172. "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  173. "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  174. "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  175. "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  176. "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  177. AfricaNews (2019-01-14). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  178. Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  179. Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times . Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  180. Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times . Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  181. Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  182. "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  183. "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  184. "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Belarusian citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Belarus by the authorities of other states.

    Visa requirements for Angolan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Angola. As of 09 October 2023, Angolan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 62 countries and territories, ranking the Angolan passport 75th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Bahamian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of The Bahamas. As of February 22nd 2024, Bahamian citizens have visa-free or visa on arrival access to 156 countries and territories, ranking the Bahamian passport 27th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Barbadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Barbados. As of 10 September 2023, Barbadian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 163 countries and territories, ranking the Barbadian passport 22nd in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Botswana citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Botswana. As of 26 July 2022, Botswana citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 83 countries and territories, ranking the Botswana passport 64th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Burundian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Burundi. As of 11 January 2022, Burundian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 51 countries and territories, ranking the Burundian passport 92nd in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley & Partners Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Cameroonian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Cameroon. As of 2 July 2019, Cameroonian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 46 countries and territories, ranking the Cameroonian passport 96th in terms of travel freedom (tied with passports from Burundi, Congo and Liberia according to the Henley & Partners Passport Index.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Democratic Republic of the Congo citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Democratic Republic of the Congo citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Moldovan citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Moldova by the authorities of other states.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Tuvaluan citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Tuvaluan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Tuvalu. As of 20 December 2020, Tuvaluan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 127 countries and territories, ranking the Tuvaluan passport 45th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Tongan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Tonga. As of 2 July 2019, Tongan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 123 countries and territories, ranking the Tongan passport 46th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Comorian citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Comorian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Comoros.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Cape Verdean citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Cape Verdean citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Cape Verde. As of 24 January 2024, Cape Verdean citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 69 countries and territories, ranking the Cape Verdean passport 73rd in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Zimbabwean citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Zimbabwe. As of 2 July 2019, Zimbabwean citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 64 countries and territories, ranking the Zimbabwean passport 80th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Mozambican citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Mozambican citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Mozambique.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Beninese citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Beninese citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Benin. As of 2 July 2019, Beninese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 61 countries and territories, ranking the Beninese passport 83rd in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for Central African citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Central African Republic. As of 2 July 2019, Central African Republic citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 49 countries and territories, ranking the Central African passport 94th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Visa requirements for crew members are administrative entry restrictions imposed by countries on members of the crew during transit or turnaround.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Visa requirements for Chadian citizens</span> Administrative entry restrictions

    Visa requirements for Chad citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of the Chad. As of 2 July 2019, Chadian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 51 countries and territories, ranking the Chadian passport 92nd in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

    Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.