Economy of Chennai

Last updated

The Chennai Port, one of the biggest in South Asia Madras Port In 1996.jpg
The Chennai Port, one of the biggest in South Asia

Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2022 the Nominal GDP of the Chennai metropolitan area is ₹786,970.81 crore (US$94.29 billion)  [1]

Contents

Chennai has an economic base anchored by the automobile, software services, medical tourism, hardware manufacturing and financial services sectors with which it contributes to around 32.9% of Economy of Tamil Nadu. [1] Other important industries include petrochemicals, textiles, apparels. The Chennai Port and Ennore Port contribute greatly to its importance.

Chennai was recently rated as having the highest quality of life among Indian cities ahead of the other three metros Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, based on the "Location Ranking Survey" conducted by ECA International. Chennai has improved its global ranking to 138 in 2006–07 from 179 in 2002–03. It is now ranked at 26th position in Asia in terms of livability, up from 31st rank in 2002–03. [2] According to a 2007 worldwide quality of life survey done by Mercer, Chennai received the second highest rating in India, [3] with New Delhi scoring the highest, [3] and came in at a relatively low 157th worldwide. [3] The reason was attributed to poor health and sanitation, and the increasing air pollution. [4] It has the distinction of being called as the Detroit of Asia, due to its large manufacturing industry.

As of 2012, the city has about 34,260 identified companies in its 15 zones. Of these, 5,196 companies has a paid-up capital of over ₹ 5 million, about 16,459 companies are in the paid up capital range of ₹ 100,000 to ₹ 200,000, and 2,304 companies have a paid-up capital of less than ₹ 100,000. [5]

Software and software services

Zoho headquarters in Chennai Zoho headquarters in chennai.jpg
Zoho headquarters in Chennai

Since the late 1990s, software development and business process outsourcing and more recently electronics manufacturing have emerged as major drivers of the city's economic growth. Chennai has been rated as the most attractive Indian city for offshoring services according to A T Kearney's Indian City Services Attractiveness Index 2005. [6] Major software and software services companies including Altran, Accenture, Cognizant, Capgemini, DXC Technology, SAP SE, Oracle Corporation, Cisco Systems, HCL Technologies, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, IBM, CGI Inc., Infosys, Sopra Steria, Symantec, Tata Consultancy Services, Verizon, Wipro, Virtusa, UST Global, Atos, Dassault Systèmes, Fujitsu, NTT DATA, LTI, Honeywell, VMware, Intel, Amazon.com, Inc., Tech Mahindra, Fiserv, Adobe Systems, AT&T, Philips, AstraZeneca, Wolters Kluwer, TransUnion, Ernst & Young, L&T Technology Services, Mindtree, Shell Business Operations, Athenahealth, Ford Global Technology & Business Center, Ramco Systems, Deloitte, Microsoft, Temenos, Synechron, KPMG, PayPal [7] have development centres in the city. A major reason for the growth of the Software industry are the top engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu, of which Chennai is a major contributor, have been a major recruiting hub for the IT firms. According to estimates, these engineering colleges and universities consistently generate about 50 per cent of the human resource requirements for the IT and ITES industry that was being sourced from the state, particularly from Chennai. [8] The city is now the second largest exporter of IT and IT enabled Services in the country behind Bangalore. The IT Corridor, on Old Mahabalipuram Road in the southeast of the city houses several technology parks, and, when completed, will provide employment to close to 300,000 people. Besides the existing Tidel Park, two more Tidel Parks are on the anvil in the IT corridor. One is under construction at the Siruseri IT Special Economic Zone ("SEZ") and the other one is being planned at the current location of MGR Film City which is just before the existing Tidel Park, in Taramani on the IT Corridor. A number of SEZ have emerged in and around Chennai. The Mahindra World City, New Chennai, a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) with one of the world's largest high technology business zones, is currently under construction in the outskirts of Chennai. It also includes the World's largest IT Park by Infosys. [9]

Electronics hardware

In recent years, Chennai has emerged as an electronic manufacturing hub of South Asia with multinational corporations like Dell, Motorola, Cisco, Samsung, Siemens, Ericsson, Emerson Electric, ABB and Flex setting up Electronics / Hardware manufacturing plants, particularly in the Sriperumbudur electronics SEZ. accounting for the sector alone has created investments worth $3.5bn in Chennai. Chennai is currently the largest electronics hardware exporter in India, accounting for 45% of the total exports in 2010–11. [10] Ericsson, [11] Alcatel, Atmel, Texas Instruments, Foxconn, Robert Bosch GmbH, Microchip Technology, Xerox, Nokia Corporation, Siemens have research and development facilities in the city. Semiconductor companies like SPEL and Tessolve have announced plans to set up or expand manufacturing and R&D centers in the city. Companies like Flex, Motorola, Ericsson, Samsung, Cisco and Dell have chosen Chennai as their South Asian manufacturing hub. Chinese smartphone maker Huawei plans to their manufacturing unit in Chennai. Products manufactured include circuit boards and cellular phone handsets. [12] In 2022, Reliance Industries and Sanmina-SCI formed a joint venture focused on electronics manufacturing in Chennai. [13] Nokia Networks has decided to build a manufacturing plant for wireless network equipment in Chennai. [14]

Engineering procurement and construction

Headquarters of L&T Construction in Manapakkam, Chennai L&T Construction Head office chennai.jpg
Headquarters of L&T Construction in Manapakkam, Chennai

Chennai serves as the headquarters for some of Asia's largest engineering procurement and construction companies like VA Tech Wabag, BGR Energy, L&T Construction, L&T Infrastructure Engineering, FLSmidth, Ramboll, Hyundai Engineering & Construction, Shriram EPC. [15] Chennai has emerged as an Offshore Engineering hub due to the presence of Offshore Technology and Renewable Energy research institutions like Indian Institute of Technology Madras, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Center of Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), Indian Maritime University, Tamil Nadu Energy Development Authority (TEDA), Anna University School of Energy, etc. Big EPC and Energy companies have set up their Engineering centres which include Wood Group, KBR, Técnicas Reunidas, Bechtel, McDermott International, Saipem, Worley, Technip, Mott MacDonald, Petrofac,Siemens Gamesa and others. Austrian company "Austrian Energy and Environment" have also a design office here besides local giant Larsen & Toubro ECC.

Automobiles

Hyundai's manufacturing plant at Irungattukottai near Sriperumbudur, Kanchipuram district HyundaiChennai.JPG
Hyundai's manufacturing plant at Irungattukottai near Sriperumbudur, Kanchipuram district

The city accounts for 60 per cent of India's automotive exports, [16] [17] [18] which leads it to be called as 'The Detroit of Asia'. [19] [20] Chennai has a market share of around 30% of India's automobile industry [21] and 35% of its auto components industry. [22] A large number of the automotive companies including several global automotive companies such as BMW, Hyundai, Ford, Citroën, Nissan, Renault, Mitsubishi, TVS Motor Company, Ashok Leyland, Caterpillar, Royal Enfield, TI Cycles, TAFE, Dunlop, MRF, Daimler, Yamaha, Brembo, Michelin, Bridgestone, JK Tyres, Apollo Tyres and CEAT have manufacturing plants in and around Chennai. Mahindra & Mahindra have a manufacturing plant under construction in Cheyyar, which is about 100 km from Chennai. The city is a major centre for the auto ancillary industry as well such as Sundaram Clayton and Rane. Hyundai is in the process of setting up engine plant in the city. Ford is planning to invest $500 million in Chennai plant. [23] Several Petrochemical companies like Chennai Petro Chemicals Limited (Manali Refinery), Manali Petrochemicals, Petro Araldite and Orchid Pharmaceuticals are situated in the outskirts of Chennai. Chennai will turn out close to 1.5 million vehicles a year, more than any one U.S. state made last year. [24] The city is also home to some of the world's largest Automotive Research & Development facilities in the world, which include Nissan, Hyundai, BMW, Caterpillar and Daimler. It houses the world's second largest Research Valley—The Mahindra Research Valley. Schwing Stetter is building a plant in Chennai

The Heavy Vehicles Factory, Avadi produces military vehicles, including India's main battle tank: Arjun MBT . The Railway Coach building factory of the Indian Railways, the Integral Coach Factory [25] manufactures railway coaches and other rolling stock.

Port

Chennai is also a major port city, that's why it is heavily industrialized in a developed way. There are two ports in Chennai - Chennai Port and Ennore Port. Chennai Port was formerly known as Madras Port. This port started establishing from the 1800s itself. It is the second largest major port in India after Mumbai's Nhava Sheva. The Chennai Port contains a container and cruise terminal. Kamarajar Port was formerly known as Ennore Port. It is located at Ennore.

Banking and finance

World Bank office in Chennai World Bank Office in Taramani, Chennai.jpg
World Bank office in Chennai

The first modern bank in Chennai, Bank of Madras was started by the British in 1843. It was followed by the opening of other banks namely - Arbuthnot & Co, Bank of Chettinad, Bank of Madura, that were later merged under the supervision of RBI. The city serves as the headquarters for the second most number of banks and financial institutions in India, only next to the financial Capital Mumbai. The city has been tagged as the Banking Capital of India, for its vibrant banking culture and trading. The city has emerged as an important center for banking and finance in the World Market. Chennai boasts a transaction volume which serves 1.5 billion people across the World through Back office operation. At present, it is home to four large national level commercial banks and many regional and state level co-operative banks. Several large financial companies and insurance companies are headquartered in Chennai. [26] Prominent financial institutions, including the World Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, ABN AMRO, Bank of America, The Royal Bank of Scotland, Goldman Sachs, BNY Mellon, Barclays, JPMorgan Chase, HSBC, Société Générale, Wells Fargo, Deutsche Bank, ING Group, Allianz, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank, Asian Development Bank, Credit Suisse, BNP Paribas Fortis, DBS Bank, ANZ, and Citibank have back office and Development Center operations in the city. The city serves as a major back-up centre for operations of many banks and financial companies of the world.

World Trade Center buildings WTC Taller Tower A at midday.jpg
World Trade Center buildings

The banking sector in Chennai is broadly classified into scheduled banks, non-scheduled banks and Foreign banks. All banks included in the Second Schedule to the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 are Scheduled Banks. These banks comprise Scheduled Commercial Banks and Scheduled Co-operative Banks. Scheduled Co-operative Banks consist of Scheduled State Co-operative Banks and Scheduled Urban Cooperative Banks. Scheduled Commercial Banks in Chennai are categorised into five different groups according to their ownership and/or nature of operation:

The following are the list of banks based in Chennai.

Bank nameEstablishedHeadquarterBranches Revenues Total assets Ref/notes
Indian Bank 1907 Chennai 2,836₹43,414.34 crore (US$5.2 billion)₹394,771 crore (US$47 billion) [27]
Indian Overseas Bank 1937 Chennai 3,350₹43,120.09 crore (US$5.2 billion)₹374,436.76 crore (US$45 billion) [28]
Lakshmi Vilas Bank 1926 Chennai 565₹2,568.4 crore (US$310 million)₹56,287.92 crore (US$6.7 billion) [29]
Equitas Small Finance Bank 2007 Chennai 412₹1,908.77 crore (US$230 million)₹23,086.5 crore (US$2.8 billion) [30]
Repco Bank 1969 Chennai 153₹984.5 crore (US$120 million)₹16,515 crore (US$2.0 billion) [31]
TNSC Bank 1905 Chennai 100+₹485.7 crore (US$58 million)₹11,216 crore (US$1.3 billion) [32]

The World Trade Center in the city became functional in 2021. [33]

Medical tourism

Chennai leads in the health care sector and is considered the Health Capital of India. Home to some of India's best health care institutions such as Apollo Hospitals, the largest health care provider in Asia, [34] MIOT Hospitals, Sankara Nethralaya, Sri Ramachandra Medical Center, Fortis Healthcare, Sir Ivan Stedeford Hospital, Dr. Mehtas Hospitals, Sundaram Medical Foundation, Madras Medical Mission, Frontier Lifeline & K.M. Cherian Heart Foundation, Hindu Mission Hospital, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology and Government Ophthalmic Hospital, Chennai, Chettinad Health City and Adyar Cancer Institute, Chennai is a preferred destination for medical tourists from across the globe. [35] Some of the treatments sought after by the tourists include heart surgery, neurological problems, cancer, plastic surgery and orthopaedic procedures. [36] Chennai attracts about 45% of all health tourists arriving in India from abroad in addition to 30% to 40% of domestic tourists. [37]

Petrochemicals and textiles

There is also an oil refinery in Manali called as Manali Refinery which is controlled by the CPCL. Other major manufacturing facilities range from small scale manufacturing to large scale heavy industrial manufacturing, petrochemicals and auto ancillary plants. Chennai is a textile industry hub with a large number of apparel industries located in the Ambattur-Padi industrial zone in the northern suburbs of the city. The city also has a large leather apparel and accessory industry. SEZ's for apparel manufacture and footwear are under construction in the southern suburbs of the city. Chennai is the cradle for world-renowned Madras shirts.

Traditional arts

Chennai, hosts the Madras Music Season, during the months of December and January, annually. It is the capital of the Carnatic Music and Bharatanatyam scene in India, and there are many venues in which artists perform throughout the city. There is also a large theatre scene and contemporary visual art scene in the city.

Entertainment industry

The city is home to the Tamil entertainment (motion pictures, television, and recorded music) industry which is one of the largest of top 3 film industries in India. Because the film industry is largely centered on a local area called Kodambakkam, the Tamil film industry is popularly referred to as Kollywood.

The Madras Players is the oldest theatre group in India.

Aerospace industry

Chennai Aero Park, a proposed aerospace design, manufacturing and maintenance park is set to become the largest integrated aerospace ecosystem in the world. The project is a pioneering initiative to mark India's entry into the global aerospace industry. The aero park will enable global players to design, manufacture and maintain all types of aircraft for both civilian and defense needs. It is to be established as a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) entity.

The city is home to Ashok Leyland Defence Systems, Rane and 56 more aircraft component manufactures. It also has the largest Aerospace Research & Development facility in India, which is controlled by Mahindra Aerospace.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tamil Nadu</span> State in southern India

Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India. The tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population, Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, who speak the Tamil language—the state's official language and one of the longest surviving classical languages of the world. The capital and largest city is Chennai.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chennai</span> Capital of Tamil Nadu, India

Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital and largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost state of India. It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Chennai is the sixth-most populous city in India and forms the fourth-most populous urban agglomeration. Incorporated in 1688, the Greater Chennai Corporation is the oldest municipal corporation in India and the second oldest in the world after London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chengalpattu</span> Town in Tamil Nadu, India

Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput or Chengalpet, is a town and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is 56 kilometres (35 mi) away from the state capital, Chennai on the National Highway 45.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TIDEL Park</span> Tech Park in Chennai, India

TIDEL Park is an information technology (IT) park situated in the city of Chennai, India. The name TIDEL is a portmanteau of TIDCO and ELCOT. An ISO 9001/14001 company, In 2000, it was one of the largest IT parks in India. It was set up in 2000 to foster the growth of information technology in the state of Tamil Nadu by the TIDEL Park Ltd, a joint venture of TIDCO and ELCOT.

Kamarajar Port, formerly Ennore Port, is located on the Coromandel Coast, Chennai about 18 km north of Chennai Port. It is the 12th major port of India, and the first port in India which is a public company. The Kamarajar Port Limited is the only corporatised major port and is registered as a company. Chennai Port Trust acquired around 67% stake of Centre in the Kamarajar Port Limited on 27 March 2020. The remaining 23 percent was already held by the Chennai Port Trust.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheyyar</span> Town in Tamil Nadu, India

Cheyyar, officially Tiruvetipuram is a Town in the Tiruvannamalai District in the Tamil Nadu state of South India. The most common name of this town is Cheyyar but it is also referred to as Tiruvetipuram in many government records. The town has an ancient temple called Vedapureeswarar Temple situated on the banks of the river.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coimbatore district</span> District of Tamil Nadu in India

Coimbatore district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Coimbatore is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is one of the most industrialized districts and a major textile, industrial, commercial, educational, information technology, healthcare and manufacturing hub of Tamil Nadu. The region is bounded by Tiruppur district in the east, Nilgiris district in the north, Erode district in the northeast, Palakkad district, Idukki district and small parts of Thrissur district and Ernakulam district of neighboring state of Kerala in the west and south respectively. As of 2011, Coimbatore district had a population of 3,458,045 with a sex ratio of 1,000 and literacy rate of 84%.

The economy of South India after independence in 1947 conformed to a socialist framework, with strict governmental control over private sector participation, foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI). Through 1960s–1990s, South Indian economies experienced mixed economic growth. In the 1960s, Kerala achieved above-average economic growth, while Andhra Pradesh's economy declined during this period. Similarly, Kerala experienced an economic decline in the 1970s while the economies of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka consistently exceeded national average growth rates after 1970. South India first started to overtake the rest of India economically in the 1980s. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were noted by some to be more reform-oriented in terms of economic policy when compared to other Indian states. Over the last decade South India has grown at 8% annually. Future savings may be negatively impacted by a growth in an aging population in South Indian states, as the aging population will require more money for healthcare expenses. However, this will not severely impact state domestic product as India's overall population is also expected to decline. Today, South India has about 20% of India's population, and contributes about 31% of India's GDP; it is projected to contribute 35% by 2030.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of Tamil Nadu</span>

Tamil Nadu has the second largest economy of any state in India. The state is also the most industrialised in the country. The state is 48.40% urbanised, accounting for around 9.26% of the urban population in the country, while the state as a whole accounted for 5.96% of India's total population in the 2011 census. Services contributes to 54% to the gross domestic product of the state, followed by manufacturing at 33% and agriculture at 13%.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manali, Chennai</span> Neighborhood in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Manali is an industrial and residential part of Chennai, India. It is a zone in Greater Chennai Corporation located in the northern part of Chennai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the neighborhood had a population of 35,248.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ennore</span> Neighbourhood of Chennai, India

Ennore, also spelt Eṇṇūr, is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India. Ennore is situated on a peninsula and is bounded by the Korttalaiyar River, Ennore Creek and the Bay of Bengal. The creek separates south Ennore from the north Ennore which covers major portions of North Chennai Thermal Power Station and Ennore Port. The neighbourhood is served by Ennore railway station. Over the years Ennore has become the hub of a range of industrial projects, mainly thermal power stations, fertilizer factories, industrial ports and coal yards.

Chennai is nicknamed the "Detroit of Asia" due to the presence of major automobile manufacturing units and allied industries around the city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahindra World City, Chennai</span> Suburb in Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India

Mahindra World City, Chennai, Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, is India's first integrated business city. It is a public–private partnership promoted by the Mahindra Group and TIDCO. It is situated near Maraimalai Nagar a southern suburb of Chennai. The city is a part of the Chennai Metropolitan Area and also a part of the area covered by Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA).

Economy of Coimbatore is heavily influenced by information technology, engineering and textiles. Coimbatore is called the Manchester of South India due to its extensive textile industry, and IT industry, small and medium scale enterprises. The GDP of Coimbatore is around $45 billion (2021). It is second largest city by GDP in Tamil Nadu. The city has four special economic zones [SEZ], ELCOT SEZ, KGISL SEZ, SPAN Venture SEZ, Aspen SEZ and at least five more SEZs are in the pipeline. In 2010, Coimbatore ranked 15th in the list of most competitive Indian cities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Software industry in Chennai</span> Third largest software exporter in India

Chennai is the third largest software exporter in India, next only to Bangalore and Hyderabad. India's largest IT park is housed at Chennai. Software exports from Tamil Nadu during 2017–2018 rose 8.8% per cent to touch 1,11,179 crore, involving a workforce of 780,000, and the city is the hub for deep tech startup companies. Many software and software services companies have development centres in Chennai, which contributed 14 percent of India's total software exports of ₹ 14,42,140 lakh during 2006–07, making it the third largest Indian city software exporter following Bangalore, Hyderabad and the city is the home for 7 top rated IT companies out of 15 in India. The Tidel Park in Chennai was billed as Asia's largest IT park when it was built. Major software companies have their offices set up here, with some of them making Chennai their largest base. Chennai is the largest hub for e-publishing, as there are 67 e-publishing units registered with the STPI and many Rs.8300-Cr data centers, digital hubs are in the process of development. A major reason for the growth of the Software industry are the top engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu, of which Chennai is a major contributor, have been a major recruiting hub for the IT firms. According to estimates, these engineering colleges and universities consistently generate about 50 per cent of the human resource requirements for the IT and ITES industry was being sourced from the state, particularly from Chennai. The total employment in the Tamil Nadu’s technology sector crossed the one million mark in the quarter ended June 2022.

Vaikkadu, is an industrial area in Manali, North of Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India. Vaikkadu is known for Manali Roundana, place where Tiruvottiyur-Ponneri high road intersects with originating Jawaharlal Nehru Road and Manali High road. Madras Fertilizer Limited and Toshiba JSW Power Systems Pvt. Ltd are notable companies located within Vaikkadu in Manali Industrial belt. In October 2011, the erstwhile Manali municipality is merged with Greater Chennai Corporation and it came under the jurisdiction of Greater Chennai Corporation. Though Vaikkadu is annexed with Greater Chennai Corporation it is still remained as a part of Tiruvottiyur taluk in Tiruvallur district.

The Coimbatore Metropolitan Area, or Coimbatore Urban Agglomeration, is the sixteenth-most populous metropolitan area in India, the second most populous metropolitan area in the state of Tamil Nadu next only to Chennai. The Coimbatore Metropolitan Area consists of the city of Coimbatore and its suburbs in Coimbatore district.

The economy of Salem, Tamil Nadu is mostly influenced by Information Technology, Steel, Textile industry, Agriculture and more other fields. Salem is mostly known as Steel city and Mangoes city of India. The gross domestic product (GDP) of Salem city is 12,134.10 GDP and (YOY) is 10.31. It is the third-largest district economy in Tamil Nadu while GDP growth in Chennai GDP 20,847.32 (1), Coimbatore GDP 23,371.63 (2), Madurai GDP 10,401.02 (5), Tiruchirappalli GDP 10,493.93 (4). Salem has one Special Economic zone over 40 in Tamil Nadu, ELCOT has established an IT Special Economic Zone at Jagirammapalayam village, Salem, in an extent of 53.33 acres of land at an investment of Rs. 40.53 crore. Salem district also have local planning authority called Salem Local Planning Authority for development of Salem City Corporation area and Salem Metropolitan Area. And also for suburbs in Salem district.

References

  1. 1 2 "GDDP_pg_1-128_final-mail.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  2. ↑ "5 cities improve their rankings: Survey". The Economic Times. India. 15 March 2007. Retrieved 8 March 2007.
  3. 1 2 3 "Worldwide Quality of Living Survey". PRNewswire. 2 April 2007. Retrieved 16 April 2007.
  4. ↑ "Mercer - Our Thinking, Insights, and Perspectives".
  5. ↑ "Company tax upped, capped at Rs. 30,000". The Hindu. Chennai. 30 October 2012. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
  6. ↑ "Chennai most attractive city for offshoring services". The Hindu Business Line. 2 April 2006. Retrieved 8 March 2007.
  7. ↑ "Jobs by location | PayPal Jobs - PayPal". www.paypal.com. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  8. ↑ Sangeetha Kandavel (28 August 2015). "TCS jumps the gun in campus hiring". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  9. ↑ "World's Largest IT Campus". Infosys, Mahindra World City. Archived from the original on 6 April 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2005.
  10. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. ↑ Ericsson India Private Ltd Archived 7 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ↑ "Flextronics signs pact for Chennai facility". The Hindu Business Line.
  13. ↑ Hariharan, Sindhu (4 March 2022). "Reliance invests Rs 1,670 crore to set up EMS venture in Chennai with Sanmina". The Times of India. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  14. ↑ "This domain is no more in use".
  15. ↑ Prasad, Rachita (13 December 2017). "Infrastructure projects: Shriram EPC eyes government infrastructure projects". The Economic Times. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
  16. ↑ "CII launches Chennai zone". The Hindu Business Line. 19 October 2007. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
  17. ↑ N. Madhavan (7 July 2008). "India's Detroit". Businesstoday.digitaltoday.in. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
  18. ↑ Mallaby, Sebastian (5 December 2005). "Detroit's Next Big Threat". The Washington Post. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
  19. ↑ Chennai, the Detroit of Asia?, rediff BUSINESS Shobha Warrier, 30 June 2010 13:01 IST
  20. ↑ A New Detroit Rises in India's South, THE WALL STREET JOURNAL By ERIC BELLMAN, 8 JULY 2010.
  21. ↑ Sivalingam, T; Bhaskaran, E (2004). "IT applications in Automotive Industry". GCMM 2004 1st International Conference on Manufacturing and Management. Alpha Science International, Limited: 20. ISBN   978-81-7319-677-5 . Retrieved 3 September 2007.
  22. ↑ "Automotive Components". Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 3 September 2007.
  23. ↑ "Ford India entering small car segment". The Hindu Business Line.
  24. ↑ Bellman, Eric (8 July 2010). "A New Detroit Rises in India's South". The Wall Street Journal.
  25. ↑ "Welcome to Official Website of ICF". Archived from the original on 23 November 2005. Retrieved 19 November 2005.
  26. ↑ Chandramouli, Rajesh (1 May 2008). "Chennai emerging as India's Silicon Valley?". The Economic Times . Retrieved 17 May 2008.
  27. ↑ "Indian Bank". Indianbank.in. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  28. ↑ "Indian Overseas Bank". iob.in. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  29. ↑ "LVB is now DBS". Lvbank.in. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  30. ↑ "Equitas Small Finance Bank". equitasbank.com. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  31. ↑ "Repco Bank". Repcobank.com. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  32. ↑ "TNSC Bank". Tnscbank.com. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  33. ↑ "SaaS company Kissflow Inc moves into WTC Chennai". Business Line. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons. 6 September 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
  34. ↑ "Medical Tourism" . Retrieved 12 September 2007.
  35. ↑ "Indian State: Tamil Nadu". Govt of India. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 12 September 2007.
  36. ↑ "Hospitals forge tie-ups to woo overseas patients". The Hindu . Chennai, India. 1 August 2004. Archived from the original on 20 August 2004. Retrieved 12 September 2007.
  37. ↑ Macguire, Suzanne (2007). "India – The Emerging Global Health Destination". EzineArticles. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 12 September 2007.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.