Chennai metropolitan area

Last updated

Greater Chennai
Chennai Metropolitan Area
Chennai skyline.JPG
Chennai skyline
Nickname(s): 
Detroit of Asia, Gateway to South India
Cma-overview-map.png
CMA expanded boundary
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
Core city Chennai
Districts
Area
   Metropolitan Area 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi)
  Urban
932.47 km2 (360.03 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
   Metropolitan Area 12,288,000
  Density2,081/km2 (5,390/sq mi)
  Urban density9,280/km2 (24,000/sq mi)
   Metro
8,653,521
Demonym(s) Chennaivasi, Chennaiite
Time zone UTC+5:30 (Indian Standard Time)
Website www.cmdachennai.gov.in
Area Note: Area of CMA was expanded from 1189 sq.km to 5904 sq.km in 2022 [1] Population Note: As per the 2011 census, population corresponding to the pre-expansion limits was about 8.9 million. [2] The population estimate corresponding to the post-expansion limits was given as 12.28 million (based on the 2011 census) by CMDA. [3]

Greater Chennai Metropolitan Area, or simply the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), is fourth-most populous metropolitan area in India and the 35th most populous in the world. The CMA consists of the core city of Chennai, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Thiruvallur and Ranipet districts contributes to 27% of States GDP. The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. In 1974, an area encompassing 1,189 km2 (459 sq mi) around the city was designated as the metropolitan area which was subsequently expanded to 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi) in 2022. Oxford Economics Global Cities Index 2024 ranked Chennai as the 4th best city in India and 472nd best city in the world. [4]

Contents

History

In 1974, the Madras metropolitan area comprised a total extent of 1,189 km2 (459 sq mi). [5] In 2011, first plans to expand the metropolitan area were proposed by Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) as several settlements on the outer vicinity had been undergoing rapid development and had to be incorporated under the CMDA planning strategy. While other metropolises in India had already redefined their respective metropolitan regions to include much larger areas, CMA had not been altered since it was first defined in 1974. [6] In July 2012, the CMDA suggested two options to the Government of Tamil Nadu for expanding the area with the first option including the whole of the Chennai, seven taluks each from Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts extending up to 4,459 km2 (1,722 sq mi) and the second option including the whole of Chennai, Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts and Arakkonam taluk extending to a total of 8,878 km2 (3,428 sq mi). [7] In July 2017, the Government of Tamil Nadu announced its intention to expand the CMA to 8,878 km2 (3,428 sq mi) with the whole process expected to be completed by July 2018. [8] [9]

On 22 January 2018, Government of Tamil Nadu issued a Government order to declare the intention to include additional areas in the Chennai Metropolitan Planning Area under the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971. [10] [11] As per the act, the government is required to allow reasonable opportunity (two months) for inhabitants, local authorities and institutions in the area to comment upon or object to such an expansion proposals and few objections were received including a public interest litigation filed at the Madras High Court in March 2018. [12] [13] The plan was later modified and in October 2022, the metropolitan area was expanded to 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi). [14]

Distribution and composition

The metropolitan area consists of four municipal corporations (Greater Chennai, Tambaram, Avadi, Kancheepuram), 12 municipalities (Arakkonam, Mangadu, Kundrathur, Poonamallee, Thiruverkadu, Thiruninravur, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani, Maraimalai Nagar, Chengalpattu, Ponneri, Guduvancheri) and other smaller panchayats spread across the districts of Chennai, Thiruvallur, Kancheepuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet. [15] The planning and development is overseen by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA), a Tamil Nadu State Government organisation in charge of town in the region. [16] CMA is divided into three zones north, central and south. [17]

The State government had announced the formation of six satellite townships — Minjur covering 111 sq. kilometres, Thirumazhisai 34 sq. km., Chengalpattu 136 sq. km., Mamallapuram 123 sq. km., Kancheepuram 99 sq. km. and Tiruvallur 37 sq. km., through Government Orders (G.O.) issued in 2023. [18]

Constituents of Chennai Metropolitan Area [19]
ZoneArea (km2)DistrictTaluk
Central1,189 Chennai district Alandur, Ambattur, Aminjikarai, Ayanavaram, Egmore, Guindy, Madhavaram, Maduravoyal, Mambalam, Mylapore, Perambur, Purasawalkam, Sholinganallur, Thiruvottiyur, Tondiarpet, Velachery
Chengalpattu district Pallavaram, Tambaram, Vandalur
Kanchipuram district Kundrathur
Tiruvallur district Avadi, Poonamallee, Ponneri
North2,908 Tiruvallur district Gummidipoondi, Poonamallee, Ponneri, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani, Uthukottai
Kanchipuram district Sriperumbudur
Ranipet district Arakkonam, Nemili
South1,809 Chengalpattu district Chengalpattu, Tirukalukundram, Thiruporur, Vandalur
Kanchipuram district Kundrathur, Kanchipuram, Walajabad

Administration

The CMDA regulates developments in the Chennai metropolitan area through the issuance of planning permission under section 49 of the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act 1971. [12] [20]

Agencies responsible for public services [21]
AgencyResponsibility
Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority Urban planning and project implementation
Local bodies (Municipal Corporations, Municipalities and Panchayats)Civic management
Chennai MetroWater Supply and Sewage Board Water Supply and sewerage
Chennai Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority Transport and transport infrastructure
Department of Highways
Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Corporation
Tamil Nadu Road Development Company
Construction and maintenance of highways and roads
Chennai-Ennore Port Road CompanyMaintenance of road connecting ports
Metropolitan Transport Corporation
Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation
State Express Transport Corporation
Public bus transport
Chennai Metro Rail Limited Metro rail transport
Southern Railway Railway, Suburban railway and MRTS
Regional Transport departmentTransport services (Vehicle registration and compliance, road taxes, driving license)
Commissionerate of Road SafetyRoad safety
Chennai Port Trust Port
Airports Authority of India Airport and air transport
Chennai Smart City LimitedCore infrastructure transformation and rejuvenation
Chennai City Traffic Police
Avadi Traffic Police
Tambaram Traffic Police
Traffic police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Traffic management
Greater Chennai Police
District police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Crime, cyber crime and law & order management
Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation
Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation
Electricity generation and supply
Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board Pollution control
Department of Revenue Revenue administration
Public Works Department Implementation and maintenance of macro drainage system
Department of Registration Land registration, stamp duties
Tamil Nadu Housing Board Provision of plots and houses, sites and services
Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development Board Housing, infrastructure and livelihood in slums
Aavin Milk procurement and distribution

Economy

A Study by Urban Emissions.info ,reported that as of 2020 Chennai Urban area had a population of 1.09 Crore with a GDP of the metropolitan is estimated at US$ 219 billion, ranking it amongst the most productive metro areas of India. [22] [23] A Study Conducted by CMDA stated that Chennai Metropolitan area has grown with a cagr of 18% between 2006-11 to achieve a GDP ( PPP ) of $ 80 Billion as of 2011 in its report . [24] Chennai has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer, technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors. As of 2012, the city is India's second-largest exporter of information technology (IT) and business process outsourcing (BPO) services. [25] [26] A major part of India's automobile industry is located in and around the city thus earning it the nickname "Detroit of Asia". [27] [28] [29] According to Euromonitor, Chennai is the third-most visited city in India by international tourists and is known as the "Gateway to South India". [30] [31] Oxford Economics Global Cities Index 2024 ranked Chennai as 5th Best City in India and 244th Best City in the world in Economics Category [32]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chennai</span> Capital of Tamil Nadu, India

Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost state of India. It is the state's primate city and is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Chennai is the sixth-most populous city in India and forms the fourth-most populous urban agglomeration. Incorporated in 1688, the Greater Chennai Corporation is the oldest municipal corporation in India and the second oldest in the world after London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kanchipuram district</span> District of Tamil Nadu in India

Kanchipuram district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The area comprising the present day Kancheepuram district was earlier a part of Chingleput district. The original Chingleput district was split in 1997 into form the present day Kanchiepuram and Tiruvallur districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Greater Chennai Corporation</span> Local government of Chennai City

Greater Chennai Corporation (GCC) is a local government for the City of Chennai in the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. Inaugurated on 29 September 1688, under a royal charter issued by King James II of England on 30 December 1687 as the Corporation of Madras, it is the oldest municipal body of the Commonwealth of Nations outside Great Britain. It is the largest municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu with an area of 426 km2. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 200 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 200 wards of the city. It is the second oldest corporation in the world after the City of London. The city limits, which had been expanded several times over the years, is currently coterminous with the Chennai district. It is one of the four municipal corporations located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the other three being the Tambaram Corporation, Avadi City Municipal Corporation and Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tambaram</span> A city within the Chennai Metropolitan Area

Tambaram is a city located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area in the Indian State of Tamil Nadu. The city is governed by Tambaram City Municipal Corporation.

Tiruvallur district, also spelled as Thiruvallur district, is one of the 38 districts in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The fast developing city of Tiruvallur is the district headquarters. The district has a mixture of urban and rural characteristics. The eastern part of Tiruvallur district is dominated by urban characteristics while the Northern part of the district has influence of Andhra culture due to its position. In 2011, the district had a population of 3,728,104 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tiruvallur</span> Town in Tamil Nadu, India

Tiruvallur is a Grade I municipality in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of Coovum river about 46 km (29 mi) from downtown Chennai (Madras) and just 5 km from megacity border, in the western part of the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA). It is a satellite town of Chennai and is the administrative headquarters of Tiruvallur District. The town is known for the Veeraraghava Swamy Temple, one of the 108 sacred shrines of Vaishnavites. The tank festival is held at a pond near this temple. A Shiva temple near this shrine which is popular among the locals. There is also a 40-foot (12 m) tall Viswaroopa Panchamukha Hanuman temple, where the murti is made of a single green granite stone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parangimalai</span> Hillock in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Parangimalai is a small hillock in the Chennai district of Tamil Nadu, India, near the neighbourhood of Guindy and very close to Chennai International Airport. By extension, it is also the name of the neighbourhood surrounding the hillock.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chennai district</span> District of Tamil Nadu in India


Chennai district, formerly known as Madras district, is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is the smallest and the most densely populated district in the state. The district is coterminous with the city of Chennai, which is administered by the Greater Chennai Corporation. It is surrounded by Tiruvallur district in the north and the west, Kanchipuram district in the south-west, Chenglpattu district in the south, and the Bay of Bengal in the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ponneri</span> City in Tamil Nadu, India

Ponneri is a town located in Chennai Metropolitan Area, Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Ponneri taluk. Ponneri is major destination for Andhra Pradesh people to buy goods. It is a part of the area Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) and a vital locality in Chennai Metropolitan Area.

Vandalur is a census town and taluk headquarters in the Chengalpattu district lying south of the metropolitan city of Chennai, India. Vandalur serves as the southern gateway to Chennai city. It has the Arignar Anna Zoological Park, which contain some rare species of wild flora and fauna. The town is served by Vandalur railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway network.

Maraimalai Nagar is a municipality town in South Chennai at Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India. Lying in the southern part of the Chennai metropolitan area, it is a satellite town of Chennai, the state capital, around 50 km from Downtown Chennai (Egmore) and about 15 km from Vandalur. It was developed by the CMDA in 1980. Many heavy industries are located in Maraimalai Nagar. The Ford India and BMW car factories are located within a mile from Maraimalai Nagar and the Indian software giant Infosys also has an office within eight kilometers of Maraimalai Nagar. SRM University has its main campus in the neighboring Potheri. As of 2011, Maraimalai Nagar had a population of 81,872.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority</span> State agency of Tamil Nadu

The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA), formerly known as the Madras Metropolitan Development Authority (MMDA), is the nodal planning agency of Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The CMDA administers the Chennai Metropolitan Region, spread over an area of 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi) and covers the districts of Chennai, Thiruvallur, Chengalpattu, Ranipet and Kancheepuram. It was set up for the purposes of planning, co-ordination, supervising, promoting and securing the planned development of the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It coordinates the development activities of the municipal corporations, municipalities and other local authorities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Chennai</span>

Chennai is located at 13.04°N 80.17°E on the southeast coast of India and in the northeast corner of Tamil Nadu. It is located on a flat coastal plain known as the Eastern Coastal Plains. The city has an average elevation of 6 metres (20 ft), its highest point being 60 m (200 ft). Chennai is 2,184 kilometres south of Delhi, 1,337 kilometres southeast of Mumbai, and 1,679 kilometers southwest of Kolkata by road.

Kadambathur, also spelt Kadambattur, is a town located in Tiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a census town in Tiruvallur taluk. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 11,235.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tambaram City Municipal Corporation</span> Local Government of Tambaram City

Tambaram City Municipal Corporation (TCMC) is a local government of the City of Tambaram within the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. It covers an area of 87.64 sq. km in the Chengalpattu district, and has an estimated 2021 population of 960,887.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kilambakkam bus terminus, Chennai</span> Express bus terminus in Chennai, India

Kilambakkam Bus Terminus, officially Kalaignar Centenary Bus Terminus, is a bus terminus in Kilambakkam, a southern suburb of Chennai, India. Situated along the GST Road, it became operational on 30 December 2023. Spread over an area of 88.52 acres (358,200 m2), it was built to decongest the Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus in Koyambedu. It is an integrated bus terminus for mofussil buses operated by TNSTC, SETC, KSRTC, KSRTC SWIFT and contract carriage buses. The terminus is connected to other parts of the Chennai Metropolitan Area and suburbs by MTC buses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pallavaram taluk</span> Taluk in Tamil Nadu, India

Pallavaram taluk is a taluk in Greater Chennai City, formed from the bifurcation of Alandur taluk in 2015. It also included some areas from Sriperumbudur Taluk. Its headquarters are in the town of Pallavaram near Pallavaram–Thuraipakkam Radial Road. It comes under Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA). It shares its boundaries with Alandur Taluk in Chennai District on the north, Kundrathur Taluk in Kanchipuram district on the west, Sholinganallur Taluk in Chennai District on the east.

Kalakkral, is an industrial area in Manali, North of Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India. In October 2011, the erstwhile Kadapakkam village panchayat is merged with Greater Chennai Corporation and it came under the jurisdiction of Greater Chennai Corporation. Though Kalakkral is annexed with Greater Chennai Corporation it is remained as a part of Tiruvottiyur taluk in Tiruvallur district till 15 August 2018.

Kanniammanpettai, is an industrial/residential area in Manali, North of Chennai, a metropolitan city in Tamil Nadu, India. In October 2011, the erstwhile Kadapakkam village panchayat is merged with Greater Chennai Corporation and it came under the jurisdiction of Greater Chennai Corporation. Though Kanniammanpettai is annexed with Greater Chennai Corporation it is remained as a part of Tiruvottiyur taluk in Tiruvallur district till 15 August 2018.

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