MYH15

MYH15
Identifiers
Aliases	MYH15 , myosin heavy chain 15
External IDs	OMIM: 609929 MGI: 3643515 HomoloGene: 18929 GeneCards: MYH15
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	108,529,322 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (mouse)
End	49,019,467 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	frontal pole; ; middle frontal gyrus; ; optic nerve; ; rectum; ; prefrontal cortex; ; cingulate gyrus; ; amygdala; ; cerebellar vermis; ; putamen; ; corpus callosum;
	Top expressed in
	spermatid; ; secondary oocyte; ; testicle; ; mirror; ; hypothalamus; ; hippocampus proper; ; olfactory bulb; ; spermatocyte;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding ; actin binding ; cytoskeletal motor activity ; ATP binding ; calmodulin binding ; actin filament binding ; microtubule motor activity ; microtubule binding ;
Cellular component	cytoplasm ; myosin filament ; myofibril ; myosin complex ;
Biological process	extraocular skeletal muscle development ; microtubule-based movement ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	22989
	667772
	ENSG00000144821
	ENSMUSG00000092009
	Q9Y2K3
	E9Q264
	NM_014981
	NM_001166210
	NP_055796
	NP_001159682
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated March 04, 2023

Myosin-15 also known as myosin, heavy chain 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH15 gene.^[5]

Function

MYH15 is a slow-twitch myosin.^[5]

Related Research Articles

The MYH16 gene encodes a protein called myosin heavy chain 16, which is a muscle protein in mammals. At least in primates, it is a specialized muscle protein found only in the temporalis and masseter muscles of the jaw. Myosin heavy chain proteins are important in muscle contraction, and if they are missing, the muscles will be smaller. In non-human primates, MYH16 is functional and the animals have powerful jaw muscles. In humans, the MYH16 gene has a mutation that causes the protein not to function. Although the exact importance of this change in accounting for differences between humans and other apes is not yet clear, such a change may be related to increased brain size and finer control of the jaw, which facilitates speech. It is not clear how the MYH16 mutation relates to other changes to the jaw and skull in early human evolution.

Tropomyosin alpha-1 chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TPM1 gene. This gene is a member of the tropomyosin (Tm) family of highly conserved, widely distributed actin-binding proteins involved in the contractile system of striated and smooth muscles and the cytoskeleton of non-muscle cells.

Tropomyosin alpha-3 chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TPM3 gene.

Myosin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH11 gene.

Myosin heavy chain, α isoform (MHC-α) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH6 gene. This isoform is distinct from the ventricular/slow myosin heavy chain isoform, MYH7, referred to as MHC-β. MHC-α isoform is expressed predominantly in human cardiac atria, exhibiting only minor expression in human cardiac ventricles. It is the major protein comprising the cardiac muscle thick filament, and functions in cardiac muscle contraction. Mutations in MYH6 have been associated with late-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defects and sick sinus syndrome.

Myosin-binding protein C, slow-type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYBPC1 gene.

Myosin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH2 gene.

Atrial Light Chain-1 (ALC-1), also known as Essential Light Chain, Atrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL4 gene. ALC-1 is expressed in fetal cardiac ventricular and fetal skeletal muscle, as well as fetal and adult cardiac atrial tissue. ALC-1 expression is reactivated in human ventricular myocardium in various cardiac muscle diseases, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy and congenital heart diseases.

Myosin-1, also known as 'striated muscle myosin heavy chain 1', is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH1 gene. This gene is most highly expressed in fast type IIX/D muscle fibres of vertebrates and encodes a protein found uniquely in striated muscle; it is a class II myosin with a long coiled coil tail that dimerizes and should not be confused with 'Myosin 1' encoded by the MYO1 family of genes (MYO1A-MYO1H). Class I MYO1 genes function in many cell types throughout biology and are single-headed membrane-binding myosins that lack a long coiled coil tail.

Myosin-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH14 gene.

Myosin light chain 3, skeletal muscle isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL1 gene.

Striated muscle preferentially expressed protein kinase, in the human is encoded by the SPEG gene, a member of the myosin light chain kinase protein family. SPEG is involved in the development of the muscle cell cytoskeleton, and the expression of this gene has important roles in the development of skeletal muscles, and their maintenance and function. Mutations are associated with centronuclear myopathies a group of congenital disorders where the cell nuclei are abnormally centrally placed.

Myosin light polypeptide 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL6 gene.

Myosin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH3 gene.

Myosin-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH8 gene.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 55 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM55 gene.

Myosin light chain kinase 3 also known as MYLK3, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the MYLK3 gene.

Myosin-13 also known as myosin, heavy chain 13 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MYH13 gene.

Myosin-7B also known as myosin, heavy chain 7B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH7B gene.

Myosin-4 also known as myosin, heavy chain 4 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MYH4 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000144821 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000092009 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1 2 Desjardins PR, Burkman JM, Shrager JB, Allmond LA, Stedman HH (April 2002). "Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family". Mol. Biol. Evol. 19 (4): 375–93. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004093 . PMID 11919279.

Luke MM, O'Meara ES, Rowland CM, et al. (2009). "Gene variants associated with ischemic stroke: the cardiovascular health study". Stroke. 40 (2): 363–8. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.521328. PMC 2881155 . PMID 19023099.
Rossi AC, Mammucari C, Argentini C, et al. (2010). "Two novel/ancient myosins in mammalian skeletal muscles: MYH14/7b and MYH15 are expressed in extraocular muscles and muscle spindles". J. Physiol. 588 (Pt 2): 353–64. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.181008. PMC 2821527 . PMID 19948655.
Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . PMID 17081983. S2CID 7827573.
Stedman HH, Kozyak BW, Nelson A, et al. (2004). "Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage". Nature. 428 (6981): 415–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..415S. doi:10.1038/nature02358. PMID 15042088. S2CID 4304466.
Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, et al. (1999). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 6 (1): 63–70. doi: 10.1093/dnares/6.1.63 . PMID 10231032.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
McGuigan K, Phillips PC, Postlethwait JH (2004). "Evolution of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain genes: evidence from fish". Mol. Biol. Evol. 21 (6): 1042–56. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msh103 . PMID 15014174.
Shiffman D, O'Meara ES, Bare LA, et al. (2008). "Association of gene variants with incident myocardial infarction in the Cardiovascular Health Study". Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 28 (1): 173–9. doi:10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.153981. PMC 2636623 . PMID 17975119.
Bare LA, Morrison AC, Rowland CM, et al. (2007). "Five common gene variants identify elevated genetic risk for coronary heart disease". Genet. Med. 9 (10): 682–9. doi: 10.1097/GIM.0b013e318156fb62 . PMID 18073581.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000144821 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000092009 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid11919279-5] 1 2 Desjardins PR, Burkman JM, Shrager JB, Allmond LA, Stedman HH (April 2002). "Evolutionary implications of three novel members of the human sarcomeric myosin heavy chain gene family". Mol. Biol. Evol. 19 (4): 375–93. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004093 . PMID 11919279.

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MYH15

Contents

Function

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading