Wagaydyic languages

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Wagaydyic
Geographic
distribution
Daly River
Linguistic classification Northern Daly  ?
Subdivisions
Language codes
Glottolog None
wadj1254  (covered by Wadjiginy)

The Wagaydyic languages (nowadays more often referred to as the Anson Bay languages [1] ) are a pair of closely related but otherwise unclassified Australian Aboriginal languages: the moribund Wadjiginy (also known as Wagaydy and Batjamalh) and the extinct Kandjerramalh (Pungupungu).

Contents

Tryon (1980) notes that the two languages are 79% cognate based on a 200-item wordlist, but there are serious grammatical differences that prevent them from being considered dialects of a single language. [2] [3]

The unattested Giyug may have been a dialect of Wadjiginy or otherwise related. [4]

The Wagaydyic languages have previously been classified with Malak-Malak into a Northern Daly family, but similarities appear to be due to lexical and morphological borrowing from Malak-Malak, at least in Wadjiginy.[ citation needed ]

Vocabulary

The following basic vocabulary items of Wadjiginy and Pungupungu are from Tryon (1968). [5]

no.gloss Wadjiginy Pungupungu
1headbiǰæpœǰæ
2hairmæræbiǰæmæræpœǰæ
3eyesmibæmibæ
4nosewiǰawuǰæ
5earbibarapibæræ
6toothdiRædiRæ
7tongueŋadalŋadal
8shoulderčælmæčælmæ
9elbowčinčin
10handŋælæŋælæ
11breastswiŋwïŋ
12backbæbæraraɲ
13bellydawarawunæ
14navelǰœraččœrač
15heartčœnmanaǰdœpmadœpma
16urinekæwælæčkawalač
17excretegukkuk
18thighbælæmpædlæm
19legkærælkæræl
20kneekaraŋokmiraŋok
21footčœtčœt
22skinyæræɲyæræɲ
23fatwudæwælwœdawæl
24bloodkawæɲkawaɲ
25bonebwikbwik
26manŋanaŋŋanaŋ
27womanŋawolaŋŋawalaŋ
28fatherbapapapalak
29motherkalaŋkalaŋ
30grandmothermakaŋæčæ
31policemanwænændukmækæ
32spearwælærawælæræ
33 woomera kalankalan
34 boomerang wiɲiŋgiɲwïɲïŋgïɲ
35 nullanulla langurlangur
36hair-beltbulkaŋpulkaŋ
37canoewutïŋgewinæ
38axeličpurukličpurp
39 dilly bag wargadewaRgade
40firewiɳwin
41smokewïɳgalwungæl
42waterwiyïkwik
43cloudgukpærk
44rainbowbanaŋakpulipuli
45 barramundi pænŋatpænŋæt
46seaŋalgïnŋalgïn
47riverčakaRwikmagat
48stonemaŋmaŋ
49groundwutwut
50trackkalkæl
51dustbœnaŋpœnaŋ
52sungæyïkkayïk
53moonkarakalakkalak
54starmœrtæmœrta
55nightŋuraǰaŋurïnǰe
56tomorrowyiɲmækyiɲmæk
57todayŋaRŋær
58bigpamalaŋpamalaŋ
59 possum čædæræččaǰɛdač
60dogmoyiɲmoyiɲ
61tailkalpækælpæ
62meatmæǰæmmæǰæm
63snakekulgamalaŋwalan
64 red kangaroo muǰkænga
65porcupinenïminïŋačmænɛŋɛč
66 emu ŋœrœnŋœrœčul
67crowwakwak
68 goanna ŋaranŋaran
69 blue tongue lizard bwikmidaŋwirič
70mosquitowœRaŋwœraŋ
71sugar-bagčinæɲčiniɲ
72camprakræk
73blackkalalkkalalk
74whitebaybaymalaŋbaybaymalaŋ
75redwïrewïrewurewure
76oneŋanǰičŋanǰič
77twobakatamalaŋparkataŋgæɲ
78when?ænæɲanikinæ
79what?ɲiničɲinič
80who?naganaga
81Iŋaǰaŋæǰæ
82youkænækænæ
83heǰamoyiččamoyič
84grasswœrakwœrak
85vegetable foodmænæɲmænæɲ
86treewiɳwiɳ
87leafkalkalkalkal
88 pandanus ɲïŋaračnurač
89 ironwood mælæmælæ
90ripebaramuŋparamuŋ
91goodčarakɔčarakɔ
92badčalkmačalkma
93blindkulyukkuluk
94deafŋamamaŋamama
95salivawudakwudak

See also

References

  1. Nordlinger, Rachel. 2017. "The languages of the Daly River region (Northern Australia)." In Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, & Nicholas Evans (eds.), Oxford handbook of polysynthesis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  2. N11 Pungupungu at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
  3. Tryon, Darrell. 1980. "Pungupungu and Wadyiginy: Typologically Constrastive Dialects." In Bruce Rigsby and Peter Sutton (eds.), Papers in Australian Linguistics No.~13: Contributions to Australian Linguistics, 277-287. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
  4. N226 Giyug at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
  5. Tryon, Darrell T. "The Daly River Languages: A Survey". In Aguas, E.F. and Tryon, D. editors, Papers in Australian Linguistics No. 3. A-14:21-49. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1968. doi : 10.15144/PL-A14.21