Jarrakan languages

Last updated
Jarragan
Jarrakan, Djeragan
Geographic
distribution
from Halls Creek to Wyndham and Kununurra along the Ord River in the eastern Kimberley region
Linguistic classification One of the world's primary language families
Subdivisions
Language codes
Glottolog jarr1235
Jarrakan languages.png
Jarragan languages (purple), among other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey)
NotesSee Gija Dictionary (Kofod et al., 2022) for standard orthography.

The Jarragan (formerly, Jarrakan or Djeragan) languages are a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Australia. The name is derived from the word jarrag, which means "language" in Kija.

The three main Jarragan languages are:

These are divided into two groups: Gijic, consisting of only Gija, and Miriwoongic, consisting of Miriwoong and Gajirrawoong; Dixon (2002) considers the latter to be a single language.

Doolboong may also have been a Jarragan language, but this is uncertain as it is extinct and essentially unattested.

Vocabulary

Capell (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items: [2]

English Gija Guluwarin Miriwun Gadjerong
mandjiːlindjiɣilindjawalaŋdjɔːmaŋ
womanŋaːlilŋaːlilgawilaŋgabilaŋ
headguŋgulïndumungaminduŋguɽunjuŋ
eyemuːlumɔːlamɔːlmoːl
nosemanilnjiganïnnjumburnjumbur
mouthḏuwundïnḏuwundïnḏalalaḏabandaṉ
tongueḏalalanḏalalanḏalalaḏalalaŋ
stomachdjaːmdaɽwungaldjänraːriːŋ
bonegwïdjidaːlïnjaːriŋjaːriŋ
bloodgjauəlïngjauldjigarŋanguŋulu
kangaroodjiːriṉdjiriṉdjiːriŋdjiːriŋ
opossumlaŋguṉnaŋguṉgumanguman
emuwanjäbalmadjugulmadjuguŋ
crowwaŋgaɳawɔŋgaralwaŋgariŋwaŋgadiŋ
flybuɳulwurŋälŋurinŋurin
sunbaːndilbaːndilgaŋiriṉbaːndiṉ
moongaɳgiṉgaɳgiṉgangiŋgaɳgiŋ
firemaɳiṉgidjauəlïngadjaːwilaŋmaːnuŋ
smokewangiṉdulubgariḏuŋgiḏuŋgiṉ
waterguːɭiṉgoːliṉgäluŋgaːbuŋ

References

  1. "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". Australian Bureau of Statistics . Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  2. Capell, Arthur. 1940. The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia. Oceania 10(3): 241-272, 404-433. doi : 10.1002/j.1834-4461.1940.tb00292.x