48th Arkansas General Assembly | |||||||
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Overview | |||||||
Term | January 12, 1931 – May 12, 1933 | ||||||
Arkansas Senate | |||||||
Senate party standings | |||||||
Members | 35 (35 Democratic Party) | ||||||
President of the Senate | Lawrence Wilson (D) | ||||||
Party control | Democratic Party | ||||||
House of Representatives | |||||||
House party standings | |||||||
Members | 100 (99 Democratic Party, 1 R) | ||||||
House Speaker | Irving Neale (D) | ||||||
Party control | Democratic Party | ||||||
Sessions | |||||||
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The Forty-Eighth Arkansas General Assembly was the legislative body of the state of Arkansas in 1931 and 1932. In this General Assembly, the Arkansas Senate and Arkansas House of Representatives were both controlled by the Democrats. In the Senate, all 35 senators were Democrats, and in the House, 99 representatives were Democrats, with one Republican. It was the first General Assembly to use redistricted legislative districts from the 1930 United States Census.
The 48th General Assembly generally dealt with routine matters. They created the county highway fund [1] and abolished the elected office of Arkansas State Superintendent of Public Instruction, converting the office to the Arkansas Commissioner of Education, which was appointed by the Arkansas Board of Education.
Governor Parnell sought approval from the legislature to send a government reorganization plan to the voters. The plan would have reduced all state elections to once every four years, with only the governor, lieutenant governor, and attorney general remaining as elected officials and reorganizing the executive branch into twelve departments. The plan was viewed as an increase in the governor's power and never gained traction with the legislature. [2]
A special session was called in October 1931 to reduce 1932 acreage in cotton cultivation by 30% from 1931 levels (to reduce overproduction). [3] A second special session was called in March 1932 for a myriad of subjects. The legislature ratified the lame duck amendment to the United States Constitution and dealt with various financial matters in the state, some caused by the Great Depression in the United States. Though the governor's stated matters had been dealt with, the House voted 82-7 against adjourning on April 12. Governor Parnell then declared the session over, overriding the vote. However, a rump group of 69 House members persisted until the Arkansas Supreme Court disbanded the proceedings on April 14. [4]
The senate was controlled completely the Democratic party. Eighteen senators were lawyers, five were farmers, three were merchants, with one each listing their occupation as: cotton buyer, insurance man, editor, banker, manufacturer, minister, car dealer, and doctor. [5]
District | Senator | Party | First elected | Counties |
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1 | W. E. Spence | Democratic | 1928 | Clay, Craighead, Greene |
2 | Richard C. Waldron | Democratic | 1928 | Lawrence, Randolph, Sharp |
3 | Roy Milum | Democratic | 1922 | Boone, Marion, Newton |
4 | Robert L. Bailey | Democratic | 1930 | Johnson, Pope |
5 | Robert J. Wilson | Democratic | 1920 | Washington |
6 | J. P. Ward | Democratic | 1930 | Independence, Stone |
7 | J. L. Shaver | Democratic | 1930 | Cross, Woodruff |
8 | J. N. George | Democratic | 1928 | Logan, Yell |
9 | Joe W. Kimsey | Democratic | 1928 | Grant, Hot Spring, Saline |
10 | Ed B. Dillon | Democratic | 1926 | Perry, Pulaski |
10 | G. W. Hendricks | Democratic | 1930 | Perry, Pulaski |
11 | Creed Caldwell | Democratic | 1916 | Jefferson |
12 | T. P. Atkins | Democratic | 1930 | Lonoke, Prairie |
13 | Elmo Chaney | Democratic | 1928 | Arkansas, Monroe |
14 | John M. Quarles | Democratic | 1928 | Lee, Phillips |
15 | J.A. Bennett | Democratic | 1930 | Ashley, Chicot |
16 | Tate McGehee | Democratic | 1928 | Cleveland, Dallas, Lincoln |
17 | W. F. Norrell | Democratic | 1930 | Desha, Drew |
18 | Duvall L. Perkins | Democratic | 1928 | Bradley, Union |
19 | Charles L. Poole | Democratic | 1930 | Calhoun, Ouachita |
20 | Lawrence L. Mitchell | Democratic | 1930 | Hempstead, Nevada |
21 | Ned A. Stewart | Democratic | 1930 | Columbia, Lafayette, Miller |
22 | Winfred Lake | Democratic | 1930 | Howard, Little River, Sevier |
23 | William H.V. Wahlquist | Democratic | 1928 | Baxter, Fulton, Izard |
24 | Mike I. Shuster | Democratic | 1930 | Carroll, Madison |
25 | C. R. Counts | Democratic | 1928 | Crawford, Franklin |
26 | Guy Walls | Democratic | 1930 | Conway, Cleburne, Searcy, Van Buren |
27 | W. H. Abington | Democratic | 1930 | White, Faulkner |
28 | J. F. Brewer | Democratic | 1924 | Sebastian |
29 | R. A. Nelson | Democratic | 1928 | Jackson, Mississippi, Poinsett |
30 | Fletcher McElhannon | Democratic | 1930 | Clark, Pike |
31 | Granville Jones | Democratic | 1928 | Garland, Montgomery |
32 | Marvin B. Norfleet | Democratic | 1930 | Crittenden, St. Francis |
33 | J. A. Thornton | Democratic | 1924 | Polk, Scott |
34 | Storm O. Whaley | Democratic | 1930 | Benton |
The House was controlled by the Democratic party, with only one Republican member. Democratic hegemony was typical in Arkansas and throughout the American South during the Solid South period. Thirty-three members of the House were lawyers, with 21 farmers, 5 insurance men, 4 teachers, 4 doctors, 4 bankers, and three ministers. The remaining members held a variety of occupations, including one homemaker, Ethel Cole Cunningham, the only female member of the 48th General Assembly. [5]
Harvey Parnell was an American farmer and politician from Southeast Arkansas. Parnell served in the Arkansas General Assembly for eight years, first in the Arkansas House of Representatives, and later serving a term in the Arkansas Senate. Following the re-establishment of the lieutenant governor position, Parnell won the statewide election and served under Governor John Martineau. When Martineau resigned to take a federal judgeship in March 1928, Parnell was elevated to become the state's 29th governor, a position he would hold until 1933. Early in his time as governor, Parnell was responsible for Progressive reforms popular with rural voters, including expansion and modernization of the highway system and public school reform. But as the Dust Bowl and Great Depression ravaged the Arkansas economy, Parnell's programs were blamed for bankrupting the state, and his popularity plummeted. He left politics after his second full gubernatorial term ended in January 1933.
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