Elections in Pennsylvania |
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The election of the Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania occurs when voters in the U.S. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania select the Governor and Lieutenant Governor for the ensuing four years beginning at noon on the third Tuesday of January following the election. [1] Pennsylvania gubernatorial elections were held triennially beginning with the first election in 1790 until 1878. Gubernatorial elections have been held quadrennially since the election of 1882. Gubernatorial general elections are held on Election Day, coinciding with various other federal, statewide, and local races.
Per Article II of the 1790 Pennsylvania Constitution, gubernatorial elections were held triennially on the second Tuesday of October, with the three-year term commencing on the third Tuesday of December immediately following the election. Incumbents were permitted to serve for a maximum of nine years out of any period of twelve years. Ties were to be resolved, pursuant to the same document, by a joint vote of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. [2] The 1874 Pennsylvania Constitution mandated the date of gubernatorial elections to be likewise that of the general election on Election Day in November and extended the term to four years, beginning on the third Tuesday of January following the election. [3] In the original text of the 1874 Constitution, an incumbent governor was prohibited from running for a second successive term, but this was amended in 1967 to permit an incumbent to do so. [4] The next gubernatorial election in Pennsylvania is scheduled to be held on November 3, 2026.
The list below contains election returns from all sixty-seven gubernatorial elections in Pennsylvania sorted by year, beginning with the first in 1790 and ending with the most recent in 2022. Incumbent governors are listed as well as elected governors and runner(s)-up in each election, including major third-party candidates (garnering 5% or more of the popular vote). Parties are color-coded to the left of a Governor's or candidate's name according to the key below. The popular vote and percentage margins listed in the "Margin" column are the differences between the total votes received and percentage of the popular vote received by the top two finishers in the corresponding election (i.e. the margin-of-victory of an elected governor over the nearest competitor).
Independent Federalist Democratic-Republican Democratic Whig Republican National Republican Anti-Masonic Know Nothing/American Prohibition Constitution
Election | Incumbent governor | Elected governor | Votes | Runner(s)-up | Votes | Margin | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1790 | Office established | Thomas Mifflin | 27,974 (90.71%) | Arthur St. Clair | 2,864 (9.29%) | 25,110 (81.42%) | [5] | |||
1793 | Thomas Mifflin* | Thomas Mifflin | 20,479 (65.47%) | Frederick Muhlenberg | 10,802 (34.53%) | 9,677 (29.94%) | [6] | |||
1796 | Thomas Mifflin | Thomas Mifflin | 30,020 (96.31%) | Frederick Muhlenberg | 1,011 (3.24%) | 29,009 (93.07%) | [7] | |||
1799 | Thomas Mifflin | Thomas McKean | 37,244 (53.29%) | James Ross | 32,643 (46.71%) | 4,601 (6.58%) | [8] | |||
1802 | Thomas McKean | Thomas McKean | 47,879 (73.76%) | James Ross | 17,037 (26.24%) | 30,842 (47.52%) | [9] | |||
1805 | Thomas McKean | Thomas McKean | 43,644 (53.14%) | Simon Snyder | 38,483 (46.86%) | 5,161 (6.28%) | [10] | |||
1808 | Thomas McKean | Simon Snyder | 67,975 (60.93%) | James Ross | 39,575 (35.48%) | 28,400 (25.45%) | [11] | |||
1811 | Simon Snyder | Simon Snyder | 52,319 (93.55%) | William Tilghman | 3,609 (6.45%) | 48,710 (87.1%) | [12] | |||
1814 | Simon Snyder | Simon Snyder | 51,099 (63.35%) | Isaac Wayne | 29,566 (36.65%) | 21,533 (26.7%) | [13] | |||
1817 | Simon Snyder | William Findlay | 66,331 (52.81%) | Joseph Hiester | 59,272 (47.19%) | 7,059 (5.62%) | [14] | |||
1820 | William Findlay | Joseph Hiester | 67,905 (50.60%) | William Findlay | 66,300 (49.40%) | 1,605 (1.2%) | [15] | |||
1823 | Joseph Hiester | John Andrew Shulze | 89,928 (59.24%) | Andrew Gregg | 64,211 (42.30%) | 25,717 (16.94%) | [16] | |||
1826 | John Andrew Shulze | John Andrew Shulze | 72,710 (96.87%) | John Sergeant | 1,175 (3.13%) | 71,535 (93.74%) | [17] | |||
1829 | John Andrew Shulze | George Wolf | 78,219 (60.17%) | Joseph Ritner | 51,776 (39.83%) | 26,443 (20.34%) | [18] | |||
1832 | George Wolf | George Wolf | 91,335 (50.88%) | Joseph Ritner | 88,165 (49.12%) | 3,170 (1.76%) | [19] | |||
1835 | George Wolf | Joseph Ritner | 94,023 (46.91%) | George Wolf (Ind. Dem.) | 65,804 (32.83%) | 28,219 (14.08%) | [20] | |||
Henry A. P. Muhlenberg | 40,586 (20.25%) | |||||||||
1838 | Joseph Ritner | David R. Porter | 127,821 (51.10%) | Joseph Ritner | 122,325 (48.90%) | 5,496 (2.2%) | [21] | |||
1841 | David R. Porter | David R. Porter | 136,504 (54.60%) | John Banks | 113,473 (45.40%) | 23,031 (9.2%) | [22] | |||
1844 | David R. Porter | Francis R. Shunk | 160,959 (50.69%) | Joseph Markle | 156,562 (49.31%) | 4,397 (1.38%) | [23] | |||
1847 | Francis R. Shunk | Francis R. Shunk | 146,181 (50.86%) | James Irvin | 128,148 (44.58%) | 17,976 (6.28%) | [24] | |||
1848 | William F. Johnston | William F. Johnston | 168,522 (50.04%) | Morris Longstreth | 168,225 (49.96%) | 302 (0.08%) | [25] [note 2] | |||
1851 | William F. Johnston | William Bigler | 186,499 (51.16%) | William F. Johnston | 178,034 (48.84%) | 8,465 (2.32%) | [26] | |||
1854 | William Bigler | James Pollock | 204,008 (54.99%) | William Bigler | 167,001 (45.01%) | 37,007 (9.98%) | [27] | |||
1857 | James Pollock | William F. Packer | 188,887 (52.01%) | David Wilmot | 146,136 (40.24%) | 42,751 (11.77%) | [28] | |||
Isaac Hazlehurst (Amer.) | 28,132 (7.75%) | |||||||||
1860 | William F. Packer | Andrew Curtin | 262,353 (53.26%) | Henry Foster | 230,239 (46.74%) | 32,114 (6.52%) | [29] | |||
1863 | Andrew Curtin | Andrew Curtin | 269,506 (51.46%) | George Woodward | 254,171 (48.54%) | 15,335 (2.92%) | [30] | |||
1866 | Andrew Curtin | John W. Geary | 307,274 (51.44%) | Hiester Clymer | 290,096 (48.56%) | 17,178 (2.88%) | [31] | |||
1869 | John W. Geary | John W. Geary | 290,552 (50.40%) | Asa Packer | 285,956 (49.60%) | 4,596 (0.8%) | [32] | |||
1872 | John W. Geary | John F. Hartranft | 353,387 (52.55%) | Charles R. Buckalew | 317,760 (49.60%) | 35,627 (2.95%) | [33] | |||
1875 | John F. Hartranft | John F. Hartranft | 304,175 (49.90%) | Cyrus L. Pershing | 292,145 (47.93%) | 12,030 (1.97%) | [34] | |||
1878 | John F. Hartranft | Henry M. Hoyt | 319,567 (45.51%) | Andrew H. Dill | 297,061 (42.31%) | 22,506 (3.2%) | [35] | |||
Samuel R. Mason (Grb.) | 81,758 (11.64%) | |||||||||
1882 | Henry M. Hoyt | Robert E. Pattison | 355,791 (47.80%) | James A. Beaver | 315,589 (42.40%) | 40,202 (5.4%) | [36] [note 3] | |||
John Stewart (Ind. Rep.) | 43,743 (5.88%) | |||||||||
1886 | Robert E. Pattison | James A. Beaver | 412,285 (50.33%) | Chauncey F. Black | 369,634 (45.12%) | 42,651 (5.21%) | [37] | |||
1890 | James A. Beaver | Robert E. Pattison | 464,209 (50.02%) | George W. Delamater | 447,655 (45.12%) | 16,554 (4.9%) | [38] [note 4] | |||
1894 | Robert E. Pattison | Daniel H. Hastings | 574,801 (60.31%) | William M. Singerly | 334,404 (34.98%) | 241,397 (25.33%) | [39] | |||
1898 | Daniel H. Hastings | William A. Stone | 476,206 (49.01%) | George A. Jenks | 358,300 (36.87%) | 117,906 (12.14%) | [40] | |||
Silas C. Swallow | 132,931 (13.68%) | |||||||||
1902 | William A. Stone | Samuel W. Pennypacker | 593,328 (54.20%) | Robert E. Pattison | 450,978 (41.19%) | 142,350 (13.01%) | [41] [note 5] | |||
1906 | Samuel W. Pennypacker | Edwin Stuart | 506,418 (50.31%) | Lewis Emery Jr. | 458,064 (45.51%) | 48,354 (4.8%) | [42] | |||
1910 | Edwin Stuart | John K. Tener | 415,614 (41.63%) | William H. Berry | 382,127 (38.27%) | 33,487 (3.36%) | [43] [note 6] | |||
Webster Grim | 129,395 (12.96%) | |||||||||
1914 | John K. Tener | Martin Brumbaugh | 588,705 (52.98%) | Vance C. McCormick | 453,880 (40.84%) | 134,825 (12.14%) | [44] | |||
1918 | Martin Brumbaugh | William Sproul | 552,537 (61.05%) | Eugene C. Bonniwell | 305,315 (33.74%) | 247,222 (27.31%) | [45] | |||
1922 | William Sproul | Gifford Pinchot | 831,696 (56.79%) | John A. McSparran | 581,625 (39.71%) | 250,071 (17.08%) | [46] | |||
1926 | Gifford Pinchot | John Fisher | 1,102,823 (73.35%) | Eugene C. Bonniwell | 365,280 (24.29%) | 737,543 (49.06%) | [47] | |||
1930 | John Fisher | Gifford Pinchot | 1,068,874 (50.77%) | John M. Hemphill | 1,010,204 (47.98%) | 58,670 (2.79%) | [48] [note 7] | |||
1934 | Gifford Pinchot | George Earle | 1,476,377 (50.04%) | William A. Schnader | 1,410,138 (47.80%) | 66,239 (2.24%) | [49] | |||
1938 | George Earle | Arthur James | 2,035,340 (53.39%) | Charles Jones | 1,756,192 (46.07%) | 279,148 (7.32%) | [50] | |||
1942 | Arthur James | Edward Martin | 1,367,531 (53.67%) | F. Clair Ross | 1,149,897 (45.13%) | 217,634 (8.54%) | [51] | |||
1946 | John C. Bell, Jr. | James H. Duff | 1,828,462 (58.53%) | John S. Rice | 1,270,947 (40.68%) | 557,515 (17.85%) | [52] [note 8] | |||
1950 | James H. Duff | John S. Fine | 1,796,119 (50.74%) | Richardson Dilworth | 1,710,355 (48.31%) | 85,764 (2.43%) | [53] | |||
1954 | John S. Fine | George M. Leader | 1,990,266 (53.58%) | Lloyd H. Wood | 1,717,070 (46.23%) | 273,196 (7.35%) | [54] | |||
1958 | George M. Leader | David L. Lawrence | 2,024,852 (50.79%) | Arthur T. McGonigle | 1,948,769 (48.88%) | 76,083 (1.91%) | [55] | |||
1962 | David L. Lawrence | William Scranton | 2,424,918 (55.39%) | Richardson Dilworth | 1,938,627 (44.28%) | 486,291 (11.11%) | [56] | |||
1966 | William Scranton | Raymond P. Shafer | 2,110,349 (52.10%) | Milton Shapp | 1,868,719 (46.13%) | 241,630 (5.97%) | [57] | |||
1970 | Raymond P. Shafer | Milton Shapp | 2,043,029 (55.22%) | Raymond J. Broderick | 1,542,854 (41.70%) | 500,175 (13.52%) | [58] | |||
1974 | Milton Shapp | Milton Shapp | 1,878,252 (53.66%) | Andrew L. Lewis, Jr. | 1,578,917 (45.11%) | 299,335 (11.96%) | [59] | |||
1978 | Milton Shapp | Dick Thornburgh | 1,966,042 (52.54%) | Peter F. Flaherty | 1,737,888 (46.44%) | 228,154 (6.1%) | [60] | |||
1982 | Dick Thornburgh | Dick Thornburgh | 1,872,784 (50.84%) | Allen E. Ertel | 1,772,353 (46.44%) | 100,431 (4.4%) | [61] | |||
1986 | Dick Thornburgh | Robert P. Casey | 1,717,484 (50.69%) | William Scranton III | 1,638,268 (48.35%) | 79,216 (2.34%) | [62] | |||
1990 | Robert P. Casey | Robert P. Casey | 2,065,281 (67.65%) | Barbara Hafer | 987,463 (32.35%) | 1,077,818 (35.3%) | [63] | |||
1994 | Robert P. Casey | Tom Ridge | 1,627,976 (45.40%) | Mark Singel | 1,430,099 (39.89%) | 197,877 (5.51%) | [64] | |||
Peg Luksik | 460,269 (12.84%) | |||||||||
1998 | Tom Ridge | Tom Ridge | 1,736,844 (57.42%) | Ivan Itkin | 938,745 (31.03%) | 798,099 (26.39%) | [65] | |||
Peg Luksik | 315,761 (10.44%) | |||||||||
2002 | Mark S. Schweiker | Ed Rendell | 1,913,235 (53.41%) | Mike Fisher | 1,589,408 (44.37%) | 323,827 (9.04%) | [66] [note 9] | |||
2006 | Ed Rendell | Ed Rendell | 2,470,517 (60.36%) | Lynn Swann | 1,622,135 (39.64%) | 848,382 (20.72%) | [67] | |||
2010 | Ed Rendell | Tom Corbett | 2,172,763 (54.49%) | Dan Onorato | 1,814,788 (45.51%) | 357,975 (8.98%) | [68] | |||
2014 | Tom Corbett | Tom Wolf | 1,920,355 (54.93%) | Tom Corbett | 1,575,511 (45.07%) | 344,844 (9.86%) | [69] | |||
2018 | Tom Wolf | Tom Wolf | 2,895,652 (57.77%) | Scott Wagner | 2,039,882 (40.70%) | 855,770 (17.07%) | [70] | |||
2022 | Tom Wolf | Josh Shapiro | 3,031,137 (56.05%) | Doug Mastriano | 2,238,477 (41.07%) | 792,660 (14.40%) | [71] |
The Pennsylvania Republican Party (PAGOP) is the affiliate of the Republican Party in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, headquartered in Harrisburg. The party is led by Lawrence Tabas, who has served as state chairman since 2019. It is the second largest political party in the state behind the Pennsylvania Democratic Party.
The lieutenant governor is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The lieutenant governor is elected for a four-year term in the same year as the governor. Each party picks a candidate for lieutenant governor independently of the gubernatorial primary. The winners of the party primaries are then teamed together as a single ticket for the fall general election. The lieutenant governor presides in the Pennsylvania State Senate and is first in the line of succession to the governor; in the event the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. The lieutenant governor casts tie breaking votes in the state senate.
The 2010 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 2010, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania, concurrently with elections to the United States Senate in Pennsylvania and other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.
The 2002 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 2002, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania. Incumbent Republican governor Mark Schweiker, who took office in 2001 when Tom Ridge resigned to become Homeland Security Advisor, was eligible to run for a full term, but did not do so. Democrat Ed Rendell, the former mayor of Philadelphia and Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, emerged from a competitive primary to win the general election against Republican Pennsylvania Attorney General Mike Fisher.
Elections for the Pennsylvania State Senate were held on November 2, 2004, with even-numbered districts being contested. State Senators are elected for four-year terms, with half of the Senate seats up for a vote every two years. The term of office for those elected in 2004 will run from January 4, 2005 through November 2008. Necessary primary elections were held on April 27, 2004.
The 2006 elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 7, 2006, with all districts being contested. Necessary primary elections were held on May 16, 2006. Members elected in 2006 were inaugurated on January 2, 2007. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for a vote every two years.
The 2004 Elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 2, 2004, with all districts being contested. Necessary primary elections were held on April 27, 2004. Necessary primary elections were held on May 21, 2002. The term of office for those elected in 2004 ran from January 4, 2005 through November 2006. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for a vote every two years.
Elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 7, 2000, with all districts being contested. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for a vote every two years. The term of office for those elected in 2000 ran from January 3, 2001, until November 30, 2002. Necessary primary elections were held on April 4, 2000.
The 1998 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1998. The candidates were incumbent Republican Tom Ridge, Democrat Ivan Itkin, Constitutionalist Peg Luksik and Libertarian Ken Krawchuk. Ridge, a popular moderate, won with 57 percent of the votes cast.
The 1790–91 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. These U.S. Senate elections occurred during the first midterm election cycle, which took place in the middle of President George Washington's first term. As these elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1790 and 1791, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the nine senators in Class 1.
The 1848–49 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1848 and 1849, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.
The 1856–57 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1856 and 1857, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.
The 1794–95 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1794 and 1795, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.
The 1788–1789 United States Senate elections were the first U.S. Senate elections following the adoption of the Constitution of the United States. They coincided with the election of George Washington as the first president of the United States. As these elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures.
The 1793 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election occurred on October 8, 1793. Incumbent Democratic-Republican governor Thomas Mifflin sought re-election to another term, defeating Federalist candidate and U.S. Representative Frederick Muhlenberg. Muhlenberg won only two counties: York and Bedford. However, Mifflin's 2-1 vote margin was down from his 10-1 victory margin in the 1790 gubernatorial election.
The 1790 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was the first gubernatorial election after the establishment of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a U.S. state. Thomas Mifflin, the incumbent President of the Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was elected as the first Governor of Pennsylvania. He defeated Federalist candidate Arthur St. Clair, former Revolutionary War general and President of the Continental Congress, by a wide margin.
United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania occur when voters in the U.S. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania cast ballots for electors to the Electoral College as part of a national election to elect the President and Vice President of the United States. Regularly scheduled general elections occur on Election Day, coinciding with elections in the other 49 states and the District of Columbia.
The 2014 elections for the Pennsylvania State Senate were held on November 4, 2014, with all even-numbered districts being contested. Primary elections were held on May 20, 2014.
The 2018 Northern Mariana Islands general election were held on Tuesday, 13 November 2018. Originally scheduled to take place on Tuesday, 6 November 2018, to correspond with the 2018 United States midterm elections, the elections were delayed by one week due to the impact and aftermath of Typhoon Yutu. Early voting was held from Tuesday, 6 November, until Monday, 12 November 2018. An estimated 18,975 voters were eligible to vote in the 2018 election.