List of wars: 2003–2019

For other ongoing conflicts, see List of ongoing armed conflicts, List of revolutions and rebellions, List of coups and coup attempts, and Lists of battles.

Graph of deaths in armed conflicts by type from 2003 to 2023

This is a list of wars that began from 2003 to 2019. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.

2003

Started	Ended	Name of conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
2003	2020	War in Darfur Part of the Sudanese Civil Wars and the Second Sudanese Civil War (until 2005)	Sudan SAF Janjaweed RSF Chadian rebel groups Anti-Gaddafi forces (2011) Supported by: Libya (2011–2020) China Iran (until 2016) Russia Belarus Syria (2000s, alleged)	SRF [a] (2006–2020) JEM (2003–2020) SLA (some factions) (2003–2020) LJM (2010–11) [b] SLA (some factions) SARC (2014–2020) SLFA (2017–2020) SLA-Unity SLMJ JEM (Jali) Supported by: South Sudan Chad (2005–2010) Eritrea (until 2008) Libya (until 2011) Uganda (until 2015) UNAMID (2007–2020)
2003	2011	Iraq War Part of the Iraqi conflict and the war on terror	Invasion (2003) Coalition of the willing United States United Kingdom Australia Poland Kurdistan Region KDP PUK Iraqi National Congress Free Iraqi Forces After invasion (2003–11)   Iraq   United States   United Kingdom MNF–I (2003–09)   Kurdistan Region Awakening Council	Invasion (2003) Republic of Iraq MEK After invasion (2003–11) Al-Qaeda in Iraq Islamic Army in Iraq Islamic State of Iraq Mahdi Army Naqshbandi Army Hamas of Iraq Jaysh al-Mujahideen 1920 Revolution Brigades Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna

2004

Started	Ended	Name of conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
2004	2010	Sinaloa Cartel–Gulf Cartel conflict Part of the Mexican drug war (from 2006 to 2010)	Sinaloa cartel Los Negros	Gulf cartel Los Zetas
2004	Ongoing	South Thailand insurgency	Thailand   Royal Thai Armed Forces (RTARF) Royal Thai Police (RTP) Anti-Money Laundering Office (AMLO) Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA) Department of Special Investigation (DSI) Internal Security Operations Command (ISOC) National Intelligence Agency (NIA) Office of the Narcotics Control Board (ONCB) Southern Border Provinces Administrative Centre (SBPA) Supported by: Malaysia Indonesia Qatar Bahrain Turkey Germany New Zealand (forensic science) Australia (intelligence support) Russia (intelligence support) Canada (mine clearance) United States ( CIA, EOD, K-9)	Barisan Revolusi Nasional Runda Kumpulan Kecil Gerakan Mujahidin Islam Patani Islamic Front for the Liberation of Pattani Pattani United Liberation Organisation Former support: Free Aceh Movement (until 2005) Mayaki cartel (financial support) Jemaah Islamiyah (until 2024) Islamic State East Asia Province Drug cartels Mayaki cartel Xaysana cartel Usman cartel Oil smugglers Pirates
2004	Ongoing	Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Part of the war on terror and the spillover of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)	Pakistan Pakistan Armed Forces   Pakistan Army   Pakistan Air Force Special Forces: SSG SSW   Civil Armed Forces Frontier Corps FC KPK North FC KPK South Pakistan Rangers Pakistan Levies Pakistan Police Counter Terrorism Department KPK Police Frontier Constabulary Dir Levies Malakand Levies Pakistani Intelligence community NACTA ISI MI FIA United States (see Drone strikes in Pakistan, until 2018)	Insurgents Pakistani Taliban Jamaat-ul-Ahrar [c] TNSM [d] Lashkar-e-Islam [e] Tariq Gidar Group Tehreek-e-Jihad Pakistan Inqilab E Islami Pakistan (IIP) Hafiz Gul Bahadur Group Jaish-e-Fursan-e-Muhammad Al-Qaeda Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent Former belligerents Jundallah (until 2014) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (until 2015) Turkistan Islamic Party (until 2015) Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (until 2024) Sipah-e-Sahaba (until 2018) Supported by:   Afghanistan Islamic State Islamic State – Pakistan Province Khorasan Province Jundallah IMU Jamaat-ul-Ahrar
2004	Ongoing	Iran–PJAK conflict Part of the Kurdish separatism in Iran	Iran Supported by: Turkey (allegedly, denied by Iran) United States (alleged by PJAK, since 2009)	Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK) Eastern Kurdistan Units (YRK) Women's Defence Forces (HPJ)
2003	Ongoing	Conflict in the Niger Delta	Nigerian government Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (since 2019) Nigerian Armed Forces List Abia State Akwa Ibom State Bayelsa State Cross River State Delta State Edo State Imo State Ondo State Rivers State supported by:   Belarus	Niger Delta Republic Niger Delta Avengers (2016–present) Niger Delta Greenland Justice Mandate (2016–present) Joint Niger Delta Liberation Force (2016–present) Niger Delta Red Squad (2016–present) Adaka Boro Avengers (2016–present) Asawana Deadly Force of Niger Delta (2016–present) Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (2016–present) New Delta Avengers (2017–present) Niger Delta Marine Force (2017–present) Reformed Egbesu Fraternities Red Egbesu Water Lions (2016–present) Reformed Egbesu Boys of the Niger Delta (2016–present) Egbesu Mightier Fraternity (2016–present) Biafran separatists (from 2021) Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (2004–14) Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force (2003–09) Niger Delta Liberation Front (2005–14) Joint Revolutionary Council (2004–14) Niger Delta Vigilante (2004–09) Supported by: IPOB elements Bandits Pirates Nigerian mafia Black Axe The Outlaws Eiye
2004	Ongoing	Kivu conflict Part of the aftermath of the Second Congo War	Pro-government: DR Congo Wazalendo (March 2024–) NDC-R   Burundi MONUSCO Angola Zimbabwe Botswana (against FNL and FNL–Nzabampema) Supported by: France Belgium Bulgaria Horațiu Potra's Mercenary Legion (until 31 Jan 2025)	Rwandan-aligned militias: CNDP M23 Banyamulenge Twigwaneho Gumino Ugandan-aligned militias: FPRI FPLC FPDC Foreign state actors:   Uganda   Rwanda Anti-Ugandan forces: IS-CAP ADF-Baluku ADF-Mukulu Mai-Mai Kyandenga UPLC Anti-Rwandan militias: FDLR RUD Other Hutu-aligned forces Nyatura Anti-Burundi militias: RED-Tabara FNL Mai-Mai militias: NDC-R (until March 2024) FPP-AP AFRC RNL Mazembe Kifuafua Simba MAC Raia Mutomboki Buhirwa Kidjangala Fuliru Mai-Mai Makanaki Biloze Bishambuke CNPSC Alaise CODECO (in Ituri) Chini ya Kilima–FPIC (in Ituri) Zaïre-FPAC (in Ituri)
2004	2014	Houthi insurgency Part of the Yemeni crisis and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict	Houthi Movement Yemen (pro-Saleh forces) Alleged support by: Iran North Korea   Libya (until 2011)	Yemen Security Forces Sunni tribes Al-Islah militias Saudi Arabia Supported by: Jordan Morocco al-Qaeda Ansar al-Sharia
2004	2007	Central African Bush War	Central African Republic Chad	Rebels: Union of Democratic Forces for Unity (UFDR) People's Army for the Restoration of Democracy (APRD) Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace (CPJP) Movement of Central African Liberators for Justice (MLCJ) ...and others Patriotic Convention for Saving the Country (CPSK) Democratic Front of the Central African People (FDPC) FDC GALPC FPR
2004	Ongoing	Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency Part of the larger Insurgency in Balochistan	Iran	Current: Jaish ul-Adl (2013–present) Ansar Al-Furqan (2013–present) BLA BLF Former: Jundallah (2004–2011) Harakat Ansar (2012–2013)

2005

Started	Ended	Name of conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
2005	2005	2005 Bangladesh India border clash	India	Bangladesh cattle smuggler
2005	Ongoing	Insurgency in Paraguay	Paraguay Armed forces Police Joint Task Force (FTC) Supported by: United States Colombia Justicieros de la Frontera	Paraguayan People's Army (EPP) Armed Peasant Association (ACA) [f] Army of Marshal López (EML) (from 2016) Supported by: FARC (until 2016) Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front (alleged) Primeiro Comando da Capital Comando Vermelho
2005	2010	Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)	Chad France Libya NMRD [g] JEM [h] Supported by: Ukraine Israel Romania	Rebels: FUC [i] UFDD [j] RFD [k] CNT [l] CDR [m] UFDP [n] RDL [o] UFDD-F [p] SCUD [q] CNR [r] URF [s] UFCD [t] FSR [u] UFR [v] UMC [w] FPRN [x] UDC [y] MPRD [z] Janjaweed Alleged support: Sudan (until 2010)
2005	2008	Mount Elgon insurgency	Kenya Defence Forces	Sabaot Land Defence Force

2006–2009

Started	Ended	Name of conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
2006	Ongoing	Fatah–Hamas conflict Part of the Palestinian internal political violence	Hamas Gaza Strip (after June 2007) Supported by: Iran	Fatah Palestinian Authority   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades (until 2007) [aa] Supported by: United States (alleged) United Kingdom (covert)
2006	2008	Iraqi civil war (2006–2008) Part of the Iraq War	Iraq United States United Kingdom Other coalition forces Private Security Contractors Peshmerga Sons of Iraq	Mahdi Army (until 2008) Special Groups Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq Kata'ib Hezbollah Promised Day Brigades (from 2008) Badr Brigades Soldiers of Heaven Other militias Shia tribes Al-Qaeda : Al-Qaeda in Iraq (until January 2006) Mujahideen Shura Council (January 2006 –October 2006) Islamic State of Iraq (from October 2006) Islamic Army in Iraq Ansar al-Sunna Naqshbandi Army Other militias Sunni tribes
2006	2013	Operation Astute Part of the 2006 East Timorese crisis	Australia New Zealand Malaysia Portugal East Timor (government troops) United Nations soldiers	Renegade elements of the FDTL
2006	2018	Bakassi conflict Part of the conflict in the Niger Delta and the piracy in the Gulf of Guinea	Cameroon	Democratic Republic of Bakassi Niger Delta militias Pro-Nigerian militias
2006	2006	2006 Lebanon War Part of the Israeli–Lebanese conflict, the Iran–Israel proxy conflict and the war on terror	Israel	Hezbollah Allies: Amal Popular Guard PFLP-GC Iran ( Ynet report) ICU (U.N. report)
2006	2009	Eelam War IV Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War	Sri Lanka Supported by Pakistan	Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
2006	Ongoing	Mexican drug war Part of the war on drugs	Mexico Armed Forces National Guard (2019–present) Federal Police (2006–2019) State and municipal police forces Consulting and training support: United States Mérida Initiative Colombia National Police of Colombia Australia Australian Federal Police Canada RCMP ACCBP Philippines National Bureau of Investigation Non-state armed groups: Popular Revolutionary Army (EPR) Zapatistas (EZLN) Self-defense groups	Principal Mexican cartels: Gulf Cartel Los Metros Los Rojos Sinaloa Cartel Los Chapitos La Mayiza CJNG LNFM Los Viagras Northeast Cartel Los Zetas United Cartels Other cartels: LFM CSRL Juárez Cartel Tijuana Cartel La Barredora La Unión Tepito Dismantled cartels: Milenio Cartel (1980–2010) Beltrán-Leyva Cartel (1996–2017) Independent Cartel of Acapulco (2010–2014) Knights Templar Cartel (2010–2017) Support: Mexican Narcosystem Organized crime in Italy Albanian mafia Mexican Mafia Mara Salvatrucha
2006	2009	War in Somalia (2006–2009) Part of the Ethiopian–Somali conflict and the Somali Civil War	Invasion: Ethiopia TFG United States Supported by: Kenya Insurgency: Ethiopia TFG Puntland Galmudug ASWJ United States AMISOM Burundi Kenya Malawi Nigeria Uganda	Invasion: Islamic Courts Union Supported by: ONLF Eritrea Insurgency: Al-Shabaab ARS Ras Kamboni Brigades Jabhatul Islamiya Muaskar Anole ICU loyalists
2007	Ongoing	Operation Juniper Shield Part of the Global War on Terrorism (Islamist insurgency in the Sahel)	Algeria   Morocco Mauritania Tunisia Burkina Faso   Chad   Mali   Niger Nigeria   Senegal Cameroon Togo Ghana Ivory Coast Benin Cape Verde Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Sierra Leone Supported and trained By:  United States Canada France Germany Netherlands Spain United Kingdom Denmark Czech Republic Sweden	Islamic militants al-Qaeda Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin MOJWA (until 2013) AQIM Al-Mourabitoun (until 2017) Ansar al-Sharia Macina Liberation Front Ansar Dine (until 2017) Boko Haram (partially aligned with ISIL since 2015) Ansaru ISIL Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (2015–present) Islamic State – West Africa Province
2007	2009	Tuareg rebellion (2007–2009) Part of the Tuareg rebellions and Operation Juniper Shield	Niger Mali	In Niger: Niger Movement for Justice Front of Forces for Rectification (2008 split) Niger Patriotic Front (2009 split) In Mali: ADC ATNM (2008 split)
2007	2007	2007 Lebanon conflict Part of the War on terror	Lebanese Armed Forces Internal Security Forces Supported by: United States	Fatah al-Islam Jund al-Sham
2007	2007	Battle of Gaza (2007) Part of the Fatah–Hamas conflict	Hamas	Fatah Palestinian Authority Supported by: United States (alleged by Hamas)
2007	2015	Insurgency in Ingushetia Part of the Second Chechen War and North Caucasus Insurgency	Russia Ingushetia	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (until October 2007) Caucasian Front (until October 2007) Caucasus Emirate (from October 2007) Vilayat Galgayche (from October 2007) Ingush opposition (2007–2008) ad hoc revenge groups
2008	2008	2008 invasion of Anjouan	African Union Comoros Senegal Sudan Tanzania Supported by: France (logistical support) Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (logistical support)	Anjouan
2008	2008	2008 Lebanon conflict	March 8 Alliance Hezbollah Amal Movement LDP SSNP Arab Democratic Party	March 14 Alliance Future Movement Progressive Socialist Party
2008	2008	Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict	Eritrea	Djibouti Supported by: France
2008	2011	2008–2013 Cambodian–Thai border crisis	Cambodia	Thailand
2008	2008	2008 Bangladesh India border clash	Bangladesh	India cattle smuggler
2008	2008	Russo-Georgian War Part of the post–Cold War era, Abkhazia conflict, the Georgian–Ossetian conflict, and the post-Soviet conflicts	Russia South Ossetia [note 1] Abkhazia [note 2]	Georgia
2008	2008	2008 Kufra conflict	Libya	Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya
2008	2009	Gaza War Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict	Israel Israel Defense Forces Israel Security Agency	Gaza Strip Hamas Ezzedeen al-Qassam Brigades Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Abu Ali Mustapha Brigades Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine Al-Quds Brigades   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades Popular Resistance Committees
2009	Ongoing	Somali Civil War (2009–present) Part of the Somali Civil War, conflicts in the Horn of Africa, the Ethiopian–Somali conflict, war against the Islamic State, Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa, and Global War on Terrorism	Somalia Somali Armed Forces Regional forces: Galmudug Galmudug Security Force Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a (until 2018) Ma'awisley Hirshabelle Khatumo Southwestern Somalia Himan and Heeb (until 2015) United States U.S. Army U.S. Marine Corps U.S. Air Force U.S. Navy CIA AFRICOM China People's Armed Police AUSSOM (2025–present) Burundi (under discussion) Djibouti Egypt (under discussion) Ethiopia Kenya Uganda ATMIS (2022–2024) Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Kenya Uganda AMISOM (2007–2022) Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Nigeria Sierra Leone Uganda Supported by: France Italy Russia Turkey UAE United Kingdom Non-combat support: European Union EUTM Somalia UNPOS (1995–2013) UNSOM (2013–2024) Brazil Finland Germany Ghana India Indonesia    Nepal Sierra Leone Sweden Thailand Turkey Uganda United Kingdom Zimbabwe UNTMIS (2025–present) UNSOA (2009–2016) UNSOS (2016–present) Independent regional forces Puntland Puntland Security Force Puntland Dervish Force Puntland Maritime Police Force Jubaland Jubaland Dervish Force Raskamboni Movement	Al-Qaeda and allies Al-Shabaab AQAP AQIM Hizbul Islam (until 2010; 2012–2013) Alleged state allies: Eritrea Iran Quds Force Alleged non-state allies: Houthis Islamic State (since 2015) Somalia Wilayah Allies IS-YP Somali pirates Somaliland Somaliland Armed Forces SSB Alleged support: Ethiopia United Arab Emirates
2008	Ongoing	Sudanese nomadic conflicts Part of the Sudanese Civil Wars	Non-Arab tribes (including Dinka, Nuer, and Murle tribes)	Baggara Arabs (mainly Rizeigat and Messiria tribes)
2009	2017	Insurgency in the North Caucasus Part of the Chechen–Russian conflict, post-Soviet conflicts and the War against the Islamic State (from 2014)	Russia List Astrakhan Oblast Bashkortostan Chechnya Dagestan Ingushetia Kabardino-Balkaria Karachay-Cherkessia Moscow North Ossetia–Alania Novgorod Oblast Saint Petersburg Stavropol Krai Volgograd Oblast Kadyrovtsy Other loyalists	Caucasus Emirate (2009–17) List Vilayat Dagestan Vilayat Galgayche Vilayat Iriston (2009) Vilayat KBK (2009–17) Vilayat Nokhchicho Riyad-us Saliheen Brigade (2009–16) Arab Mujahideen (2009–12) Turkish Mujahideen (2009–17) Imam Shamil Battalion (2017) Islamic State Wilayat al-Qawqaz
2009	2009	2009 Peruvian political crisis	Government of Peru Peruvian National Police	AIDESEP
2009	Ongoing	Boko Haram insurgency Part of the religious violence in Nigeria, the war against the Islamic State, the Islamist insurgency in the Sahel, and the war on terror [1]	Nigeria Multinational Joint Task Force [2] [3] [4] [5] Local militias and vigilantes [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] Foreign mercenaries [11] [12] Sultan Murad Division (from 2024) [13] [14] Supported by: United States [15] [16] Russia [17] China [18] France [18] United Kingdom [18] [19] African Union [20] [21] Turkey [22] [23] Pakistan [24] [25] Canada [26] Egypt [27] [28] Israel [29] European Union [30] Colombia [31] [32]   Belarus [33]	Boko Haram (2009-2015) Ansaru (2009-2012) Islamic State Boko Haram (2015-2016) ISWAP (2016-present, originally Barnawi faction of Boko Haram) [34] [35] ISSP Lakurawa (2016-present) [36] al-Qaeda [37] Ansaru (2012-present) [ab] Supported by: Al-Shabaab [42] AQIM [43] [44] Boko Haram (2016-present) [ac] Shekau faction [48] [49] Several minor factions [45]
2009	2009	2009 Boko Haram uprising Part of the Boko Haram insurgency	Nigerian Government	Boko Haram
2009	Ongoing	South Yemen insurgency Part of the Yemeni Crisis (2011–present) and the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)	Government Yemen Army Yemeni Republican Guard Yemeni Air Force Yemen Paramilitary Pro-government tribes Al-Islah militias Supported by: Saudi Arabia	Southern Transitional Council (since 2017) Southern Movement Southern Resistance Security Belt Supported by: United Arab Emirates
2009	2010	Operation Scorched Earth Part of the Houthi insurgency in Yemen and Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict	Yemen Hashed tribesmen Saudi Arabia Alleged support: Morocco Jordan	Houthis Alleged support: Iran Quds Force Hezbollah
2009	2009	Dongo conflict	Democratic Republic of the Congo Supported by: MONUC Rwanda (alleged)	Lobala rebels Possibly: Resistance Patriots of Dongo

2010–2019

Started	Ended	Name of conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
2010	2010	2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes Part of the Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010	Kyrgyz provisional government Supported by: Turkmenistan Iran Kazakhstan [50] China [51] Russia [52] Turkey	Kyrgyzstani Kyrgyz gangs Pro-Bakiyev Kyrgyz [53] [54] Other pro- Bakiyev forces Tajik contractors [55] Tajikstani Tajiks Russian Tajiks Other mercenaries [56] Uzbekistani Kyrgyz ‹The template Smallsup is being considered for deletion.› 1 Sokh Uzbekistani Kyrgyz Sogment Uzbekistani Kyrgyz [57] Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (alleged) [58] Kyrgyzstani Uzbeks Pro-provisional government civilians [59] [60] [61] [62] Uzbekistani Uzbek civilians‹The template Smallsup is being considered for deletion.› 1 Sokh Uzbekistani Uzbeks [63] [64] Sogment Uzbekistani Uzbeks [57]  Uzbekistan [63] (limited involv.)‹The template Smallsup is being considered for deletion.› 2 [65] [66]
2010	2010	2010 Kingston unrest Part of the Jamaican political conflict in the War on Drugs	Jamaica Jamaica Constabulary Force Jamaica Defence Force Foreign support: United States: DEA [67] Department of Homeland Security	Shower Posse
2010	2015	Insurgency in Gorno-Badakhshan (2010–2015)	Tajikistan Armed Forces of Tajikistan	United Tajik Opposition Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan Lali Badakhshan Pamiris
2010	2011	Second Ivorian Civil War Part of the Ivorian Civil Wars	FNCI Liberian mercenaries [68] RDR UNOCI France [69]   Ukraine [70]	Military of Ivory Coast Liberian mercenaries COJEP FPI
2011	Ongoing	Nigerian bandit conflict Part of the Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria	Nigeria Nigeria Police Force Nigerian Armed Forces Nigerian Army Nigerian Air Force Vigilante groups Vigilante Group of Nigeria Lakurawa (2016/2018-2023)	Various bandit groups Hausa militias Moriki vigilantes group Fulani militias Ali Kachalla bandit group Dogo Giɗe bandit group Kachalla Halilu Sububu Seno bandit group Adamu Aliero Yankuzo bandit group Bello Turji Kachalla bandit gang Dan Karami bandit gang Kachalla Turji bandit gang Kachalla Halilu Sububu Seno bandit gang Islamist rebels: Islamic State [71] ISWAP [71] Boko Haram Ansaru [71] Lakurawa (from c. 2023)
2011	2023	Sinai insurgency Part of the terrorism in Egypt, the Egyptian Crisis, and the Arab Winter	Egypt Central Security Forces Egyptian Ministry of the Interior National Security Service National Police Egyptian Army Sinai Tribal Union Supported by United Arab Emirates (training, counterterrorism missions) [72]	Islamists: Ansar Bait al-Maqdis [73] (until late 2014) Al-Qaeda Tawhid al-Jihad [74] Al-Qaeda in Sinai Peninsula [75] (2011–2018) Abdullah Azzam Brigades [76] Ansar al-Sharia (until 2018) [77] Hasm Movement [78] Bedouin tribesmen [79] Jund al-Islam (until 2020) [80] Al-Mourabitoun Popular Resistance Movement [81] Takfir wal-Hijra [82] Army of Islam [83] Al Furqan Brigades [84] Soldiers of Egypt (until 2015) [85] Islamic State (from 2014) [86] Wilayat Sinai Mujahideen Shura Council (until 2023) [87]
2011	Ongoing	Insurgency in Bahrain Part of the 2011 Bahraini uprising and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict	Bahrain Supported by: Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates	Bahraini opposition Supported by: Iran
2011	2011	Libyan civil war (2011) Part of the Arab Spring and the Libyan Crisis since 2011	Anti-Gaddafi forces Qatar NATO Belgium Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Greece Italy Netherlands Norway [88] Poland (only humanitarian and medical aid) [89] Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States Other countries Jordan [90] Qatar Sweden United Arab Emirates [91] Minor border clashes: Tunisia Tunisian Army Tunisian Police Supported by:   Egypt [92] [93]	Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
2011	Ongoing	Syrian civil war	Ba'athist Syria Hezbollah Iran Russia (2015–present) Support Iraq (2017–19)	Syrian Interim Government (Syrian opposition) Turkey (2016–present) Support: Qatar United States (2011–17) Saudi Arabia (2012–17) United Kingdom (2011–18) France (2011–18) Syrian Salvation Government(Tahrir al-Sham) Support: Al-Qaeda Qatar (2012–2017) Saudi Arabia (2012–2017) Turkey (2012–2017) Islamic State (2013–present) Support Al-Qaeda (2013–2014) Rojava (Syrian Democratic Forces) (2012–present) Support: United States (2014–present) Russia (2015–18, 2019-present) France (2016–present) PKK PUK (2013–present) KDP (2013–15) CJTF–OIR (2014–present) Participants: United States France United Kingdom Jordan Germany Netherlands United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Australia (2015–17) Belgium (2014–17) Bahrain (2014–16) Denmark (2014–16) Morocco (2014–16) Qatar (2014–16) Canada (2014–15)
2011	2020	Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile Part of the Sudanese Civil Wars	Sudan	SRF (until 2020) JEM SPLM–N SLA [94] Alleged support: Ethiopia [95]
2011	2017	Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon Part of the Arab Winter, the Spillover of the Syrian Civil War and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict	Lebanon Lebanese Armed Forces Internal Security Forces Support: Australia [96] Canada [97] China [98] Cyprus [99] Czech Republic [100] Egypt [101] France [102] Germany [103] Iran [104] Italy [105] Jordan [106] Netherlands [107] Russia [108] Saudi Arabia [102] South Korea [109] Spain [110] Turkey [111] United Kingdom [112] [113] United States [102] Pro-Assad militant groups: Hezbollah Lebanese Resistance Brigades [114] PFLP-GC [115] Amal Movement [116] Syrian Social Nationalist Party [117] DFLP [118] Popular Nasserist Organization [119] As-Sa'iqa [120] Fatah al-Intifada [121] Arab Democratic Party (until 2014) [122] Armenian Revolutionary Federation [123] Arab Movement Party [124] Support: Ba'athist Syria [125] Iran [126] Russia [127] Other militias: Lebanese Communist Party [128] Fatah [129] [130]	Syrian rebel forces: Free Syrian Army [131] Saraya Ahl al-Sham   [132] Islamic Front (until 2015) [133] Jaysh al-Islam [134] Future Movement [114] Support: Saudi Arabia [135] Al-Qaeda and allies: Al-Nusra Front [a] [136] Fatah al-Islam [137] Ghuraba al-Sham (until 2013) Jund al-Sham [138] Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham   [139] Abdullah Azzam Brigades [140] [141] Osbat al-Ansar [142] Sunni Resistance Committees [143] Muslim Youth [144] Islamic State   (from 2013) Military of ISIL Free Sunnis of Baalbek Brigade [145]
2011	Ongoing	Ethnic violence in South Sudan Part of the Sudanese nomadic conflicts	Various tribes	Various tribes
2011	2012	Operation Linda Nchi Part of the Somali Civil War (2009–present) and the Somali–Kenyan conflict	Kenya TFG Raskamboni Front [146] ASWJ [147] Azania	Al-Shabaab
2011	2014	Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014) Part of the Libyan Crisis (2011–present) (aftermath of the First Libyan Civil War)	Libyan National Army Special Forces (Saiqa brigade) Libyan Air Force [148] Libyan Navy [149] Government-sanctioned local militias Supreme Security Committee	Various militias Gaddafi loyalists Brigade 93 Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya General Haftar forces: Zintan Brigade Pro Haftar Libyan National Army factions Mashashya tribe (alleged) [150] Katibat Al-Awfiyah brigade Al-Awfea brigade (alleged) [151] Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries [152] [153] Ansar Al-Sharia Brigades Libya Shield 1
2011	2013	Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Part of the Iraqi conflict (2003–present)	Iraqi Government Security forces Private security contractors Iraqi Kurdistan Peshmerga Asayish CTG Kurdistan Parastin u Zanyari Sons of Iraq Supported by: United States	Islamic State of Iraq (ISIL since April 2013) Islamic Army in Iraq Naqshbandi Army Other Sunni insurgents
2012	Ongoing	Mali War Part of the Islamist insurgency in the Sahel and the War on terror	Mali Russia (2021–) Africa Corps [154] France (2013–22) Supported by: ECOWAS Benin [155] Burkina Faso (until 2025) [156] Cape Verde [157] Gambia [157] Ghana [158] Guinea [159] Guinea-Bissau [157] Ivory Coast [159] Liberia [160] Niger (until 2025) [161] Nigeria [162] Sierra Leone [163] Senegal [162] Togo [155] Burkina Faso (2025–) Niger (2025–) MINUSMA (2013–23) [ad] Supported by: EUTM Mali (2013–23) Others Angola [166] Australia [167] Bangladesh [168] Belgium [169] Canada [170] [171] Comoros [172] Czech Republic [173] Denmark [174] [175] European Union [176] [177] Germany [178] [179] Hungary [180] [181] India [182] Iran [183] Ireland [184] Italy [185] Japan [186] Mauritania Namibia [187] Netherlands [188] North Korea [189] Romania [190] Spain [191] [192] Turkey United Arab Emirates [193] United Kingdom [194] United States [195] Non-state combatants: Platform Popular Movement for the Salvation of Azawad Ganda Iso MAA-Loyaliste [196] [197] MSA (2016–) GATIA (Ag Gamou faction) (2014–23) [198] Wagner Group (2021–25) [ae] [199] [200] [201] CSP-DPA (2021–23) Coordination of Azawad Movements Platform	CSP-PSD (2023–24) Coordination of Azawad Movements [202] (2014-21, 2023–24) MNLA (2012–24) HCUA (2013–24) MAA (2012–24) GATIA (al-Mahmoud faction) (2023–24) [203] [af] [204] Azawad Liberation Front (2024–) Supported by: Ukraine [205] Al-Qaeda AQIM (2012–17) Ansaru (2012–13) [206] Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17) Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin (2017–present) Boko Haram (2012–13) [206] MOJWA (2012–13) [207] [208] Ansar Dine (2012–17) [209] Macina Liberation Front (2012–17) Islamic State Sahel Province
2012	2012	Heglig Crisis	Sudan	South Sudan JEM [210] SPLM-N [210]
2012	2013	M23 rebellion Part of the Kivu conflict	Democratic Republic of the Congo MONUSCO Force Intervention Brigade South Africa Tanzania Malawi [211]	March 23 Movement Alleged support: Uganda [212] Rwanda [212]
2012	2012	2012 Abyan offensive Part of the Yemeni Crisis (2011-present)	Yemen Supported by: United States Saudi Arabia [213]	Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Ansar al-Sharia
2012	2012	Baragoi clashes	Samburu tribe	Turkana tribe
2012	Ongoing	Central African Republic Civil War	Central African Republic Central African Armed Forces MINUSCA (since 2014) Rwanda (since 2020) [214] Russia (since 2018) [214] Wagner Group [215] Russian Imperial Movement [216] Black Russians [217] Azande Ani Kpi Gbe [218] Formerly: South Africa (2013) MISCA (2013–2014) MICOPAX (2008–2013) Angola Cameroon Chad Morocco [219] Uganda Congo-Brazzaville DRC Gabon Burundi Equatorial Guinea São Tomé and Príncipe France (2013–2021) [220] EUFOR RCA (2014–2015) Estonia Finland Georgia Latvia Luxembourg Netherlands Portugal Poland Romania Spain Italy	Coalition of Patriots for Change (since 2020) Anti-balaka 3R UPC FPRC MPC PRNC CMSPR (since 2024) [221] Support: Chad (alleged) [222] RSF [223] Defunct groups: Séléka (2012–2014) CPJP CPSK UFDR FDPC FPR RJ (2013–2018) MNLC (2017–2019) MLCJ (2008–2022) RPRC (2014–2022)
2013	2013	Lahad Datu standoff Part of the North Borneo dispute and cross border attacks in Sabah	Malaysia Sabahan local villagers [224] [225] [226] Supported by: Philippines [note 3] [227]	Sultanate of Sulu (Jamalul Kiram III's faction) Filipino illegal immigrants (non-combative) Supported by: Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction) [228]
2013	2018	Batwa–Luba clashes Part of the Katanga insurgency	Pygmy batwa militias "Perci" [229]	Luba militias "Elements"
2013	2021	RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)	Mozambique	RENAMO (until 2019) RENAMO Military Junta (from 2019)
2013	2013	Zamboanga City crisis Part of the Moro conflict	Philippines	Bangsamoro Republik
2013	2020	South Sudanese Civil War Part of the Ethnic violence in South Sudan [230]	South Sudan SPLA Air Force Mathiang Anyoor Maban Defence Force [231] Allied militias: SSLM SRF JEM [ag] SPLM-N [236] [234] (alleged) SLA-AW [237] SLA-MM [237] EUPF [238] (alleged) State allies: Uganda Egypt [239] (alleged)	UNMISS [240] Regional Protection Force [241] Rwanda Ethiopia SPLM-IO [242] Nuer White Army [243] SSDM Cobra Faction [ah] Greater Pibor Forces (since 2015) [245] Agwelek forces [248] [249] TFNF [250] SSFDP [251] South Sudan National Army [252] [253] NAS Arrow Boys (since Nov. 2015) Wau State insurgents [254] SSOA (until September 2018) SSOMA/NSSSOG (until Jan. 2020) Supported by: Sudan (South Sudanese gov. claim) [255]
2013	2017	War in Iraq (2013–2017) Part of the Iraqi conflict, spillover of the Syrian civil war, War against the Islamic State, and the War on terror	Central government of Iraq [256] Iraqi Armed Forces Iraqi Ground Forces Iraqi Air Force CTS-ISOF Popular Mobilization Forces Assyrian Forces (Iraqi command) Federal Police Kurdistan Region [256] Peshmerga Zeravani Kurdistan Region Security Council CTG Kurdistan Parastin u Zanyari Assyrian Forces (Kurdish command) Allied groups: Sinjar Alliance PKK [257] Rojava [257] Kurdish National Council [258] Iraqi Turkmen Front Iraqi Communist Party Various self-defense groups Others: Iran Hezbollah Syria [259] CJTF–OIR United States United Kingdom Canada [260] [261] Australia [262] France Italy Netherlands New Zealand [263] Finland [264] Denmark [265]	Islamic State Sunni Insurgent Factions (2012–2015) Naqshbandi Army (2013–2015) Anbar Tribal Council (2013–2015) GMCIR (2014) Army of Pride and Dignity [266] Free Iraqi Army (2012–2014) Islamic Army in Iraq (2013–2014) 1920 Revolution Brigades (2013–2015) [267]
2014	Ongoing	Russo-Ukrainian War (outline) Part of the conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union	Russia Donetsk PR [ai] Luhansk PR [ai]   North Korea [268]   Belarus [aj] Supplied by: For details, see Russian military suppliers [ broken anchor ]	Ukraine Supplied by: For countries providing aid to Ukraine since 2022, see military aid to Ukraine
2014	2014	2014 Aswan tribal clashes	Arabic Al-Halayel clan	Nubian Al-Dabodeya clan
2014	2020	Libyan civil war (2014–2020) Part of the Arab Winter, the Libyan Crisis, the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict, the War on terror, and the Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict	House of Representatives (Tobruk-based) [273] [274] Libyan National Army [275] [276]   Libyan Air Force (LNA–aligned)   Libyan Navy (LNA–aligned) Others: Zintan brigades [277] JEM [278] (from 2016) SLM/A-Minnawi [279] [280] Gaddafi loyalists [281] Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya Warshefana militias [277] [282] [283] Wagner Group (from 2018) [284] [285] [286] [287] [288] Egypt [289] [290] [291] United Arab Emirates [289] [292] [293] [294] RSF [295] (from 2019) Ba'athist Syria (2020) [296] [297] [298] Hezbollah (allegedly) [299] [300] Israel (allegedly, denied by LNA) [301] [302] [303] [304] [305] Iran [306] Support: Russia [307] [308] France [309] [310] [311] [312] Saudi Arabia [313] Chad [314] Jordan [315] [316] [283] Belarus [317] [318] Greece [319] [320] Cyprus [321] United States [322] [323] United Kingdom [324]	Government of National Accord (Tripoli-based) (from 2016)   Libyan Ground Forces   Libyan Air Force (GNA–aligned)   Libyan Navy [325] (GNA–aligned) Others: Presidential Guard [326] Misrata Brigades [327] Sabratha Revolutionary Brigades [328] Petroleum Facilities Guard [329] Tripoli Protection Force (from 2018) Misratan Third Force [330] Tuareg militias of Ghat [331] Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya [331] Chadian rebels (FACT, [332] CCMSR, [332] URF [333] and UFDD [333] ) Turkey (2020) [334] [335] [336] Syrian National Army (from 2019) [337] Popular Resistance Committees [338] [339] Hamas (LNA claim, denied by Hamas) [340] Support: Qatar [341] Sudan [342] (until 2019) Pakistan [343] [344] Iran [345] Morocco [346] Malta [347] Italy [348] European Union [349] (except Greece, Cyprus and France) United Kingdom [350] United States (until 2019) [351] [352] Ukraine [353] Algeria [354] United Nations National Salvation Government (2014–2017) [355] [356] Libya Dawn Coalition Libya Shield Force [357] LROR [357] Libyan National Guard [358] [359] [360] Support: Sudan (2014–16) [361] [342] Turkey (2014–16) [362] [363] Qatar (2014–16) [362] [341] Iran [364] (allegedly) Ukraine [353] Islamic State (from 2014) [365] Wilayat Barqa [366] [367] Wilayat Tarabulus [368] Wilayat Fezzan [368] Support: AQIM (2014–2015; [369] [370] alleged in 2016 [371] ) al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (2014–2017) [372] Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries (2014–2017) [373] [374] SCBR militia: Ansar al-Sharia (2014–2017) [375] Libya Shield 1 (2014–16) Rafallah al-Sahati Brigade Others: Benghazi Defense Brigades [376] [377] Ajdabiya Revolutionaries Shura Council (2015–16) [378] Derna Protection Force
2014	Ongoing	War against the Islamic State Part of the War on terror, the Second Libyan Civil War, the War in Iraq (2013–2017), the Syrian civil war and its spillover, the Sinai insurgency, the Boko Haram insurgency, the insurgency in the North Caucasus, the Moro conflict, the insurgency in Cabo Delgado, the Islamic State insurgency in Puntland the Sahel War and the Salafi-jihadist insurgency in the Gaza Strip	In multiple regions:   CJTF–OIR IMCTC In Iraq Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan United States Iran [379] In Syria Ba'athist Syria (2011–2024) Russia Iran Syrian transitional government (since 2024) Turkey [380] Syrian Salvation Government (2017–2024) Syrian Interim Government (2013–2025) Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (2015–present) United States In the Levant Egypt (See: Sinai insurgency) Israel [381] Hamas In Libya Libya Government of National Accord House of Representatives Egypt France United States In Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban, conflict since 2015) [382] [383] In West Africa   Multinational Joint Task Force	Islamic State Wilayat Libya (in Libya) Wilayat Sinai (in the Sinai) ISWAP (West Africa) IS-GS (Sahel) IS-CAP (Central Africa) Ansar al-Sunna (in Mozambique) Wilayat Khorasan (in Afghanistan and Pakistan) Wilayat Qavqaz (in the North Caucasus) Abu Sayyaf (in Southeast Asia) Wilayat Somalia (in Somalia)
2014	2014	2014 Gaza War Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict	Israel	Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine [384] Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine [385] Popular Resistance Committees [385] Abdullah Azzam Brigades [386] Jaysh al-Ummah [387]   Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades [388]
2014	Ongoing	Yemeni civil war (2014–present) Part of the Yemeni crisis, the Arab Winter, the war on terror, and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict	Supreme Political Council (formerly SRC) Houthis GPC (pro-Houthi) Saleh loyalists (until 2017) Pro-Houthi Popular Committees [389] Sanaa-GPC forces [390]	Republic of Yemen (internationally recognized; led by the PLC since 2022) Yemeni Armed Forces Republican Guard [391] [392] [393] GPC STC (2022–present) [ak] [394] [395] [396] United Arab Emirates [397] National Resistance (2017–present) [398] [399] [392] Tihamah Resistance [392] Giants Brigades [400] [401] Hadhramaut Tribal Alliance [402] Al-Islah Bani Dhabyan [403] Saleh loyalists (2017–present) [404] [405] Popular Resistance [406] Popular Committees Saudi-led coalition Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates [407] Sudan [408] [409] Senegal [410] Morocco [411] (2015–19) [412] Qatar (2015–17) [413] Kuwait Bahrain [414] Academi security guards (2015–16) [415] Janjaweed (2019-2023) [416] STC (2017–2022) [417] United Arab Emirates [418] [419] Al-Qaeda and allies [420] AQAP [421] Ansar al-Sharia [422] [423] Council of Scholars of Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jama'ah [424] [425] Hadhrami Domestic council [426] [423] [427] Dhi Na'im tribe [426] Al-Hamiqan tribe [426] Islamic State Yemen Province
2014	2015	Houthi takeover in Yemen Part of the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)	Houthis Saleh Security forces Republican Guard	Cabinet of Yemen Security Forces Al-Islah militias United States Saudi Arabia
2015	Ongoing	Islamic State–Taliban conflict Part of the Afghan conflict, war on terror, and al-Qaeda–Islamic State conflict	Afghanistan Taliban Haqqani network [428] Al-Qaeda [429] Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (pro-Taliban & anti-IS factions) [430] Turkistan Islamic Party Pakistani Taliban	Islamic State Khorasan Province IS central command [431] Mullah Dadullah Front (until 2016) Fidai Mahaz [432] (until 2021) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (pro-IS factions) [430] [433]
2015	2022	Islamic State insurgency in Tunisia Part of the spillover of the Second Libyan Civil War, the Arab Winter, War on Terror and War against the Islamic State	Tunisia Tunisian National Guard Tunisian Army Tunisian Police	Islamic State Islamic State – Libya Province Islamic State – Algeria Province [434] Islamic State – Tunisia Province Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade Ansar al-Sharia (only in March 2016) [435]
2015	2025	Kurdish–Turkish conflict (2015–2025) Part of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency, Kurdish–Turkish conflict and the Spillover of the Syrian civil war	Turkey	Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK) PKK (until 2025) HPG YJA-STAR YDG-H CPU YPS-Jin SDF YPG YPJ PFLK HBDH Kurdistan Freedom Hawks
2016	Ongoing	2016 Niger Delta conflict Part of the conflict in the Niger Delta	Nigeria Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (since 2019) [436] Nigerian Armed Forces Involved states Abia State Akwa Ibom State Bayelsa State Cross River State Delta State Edo State Imo State Ondo State Rivers State	Niger Delta Republic [437] Militant organizations Adaka Boro Avengers Asawana Deadly Force of Niger Delta Niger Delta Avengers Niger Delta Greenland Justice Mandate Niger Delta Justice Defence Group Niger Delta Volunteers Niger Delta Red Squad Niger Delta Revolutionary Crusaders (until 2019) Reformed Egbesu Fraternities Egbesu Boys of the Niger Delta Egbesu Red Water Lions Egbesu Mightier Fraternity Indigenous People of Biafra [438]
2016	2016	2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict	Azerbaijan	Artsakh Armenia
2016	2017	Pool War	Republic of the Congo	Ninja militia
2016	2019	Kamwina Nsapu rebellion	DR Congo Allied militias: Bana Mura [439] Ecurie Mbembe [440] Smaller pro-government groups	Kamwina Nsapu rebels [441] Various independent militias [442]
2016	Ongoing	Conflict in Rakhine State Part of the Myanmar civil war and Rohingya conflict	Myanmar Allied groups: Arakan Liberation Army	Arakan Army Support: Asho Chin Defence Force People's Revolution Alliance (Magway) Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army Rohingya Solidarity Organisation Rohingya Islami Mahaz Arakan Rohingya Army
2016	2016	Kasese clashes	Uganda	Rwenzururu
2016	Ongoing	Insurgency in Chad (2016–present)	Chad France (until 2025) Central African Republic (2023) JEM	FACT CCMSR UFR FNDJT MDJT [443] UFDD FPRN [444] FPR MRST [445] RPJET (At least 47 rebel groups overall)
2017	2017	2017 Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmish Part of the Afghanistan–Pakistan skirmishes	Pakistan	Afghanistan
2017	2020	2017–2020 Qatif unrest Part of the Qatif conflict	Saudi Arabia	Hezbollah Al-Hejaz (Suspected) Other Shia Militias Supported by: Saraya al-Mukhtar Bahraini Militias
2017	2017	Siege of Marawi Part of the Moro conflict and the war against the Islamic State	Philippines	Islamic State [446]
2017	Ongoing	Anglophone Crisis Part of the Anglophone problem	Cameroon	Ambazonia
2017	Ongoing	Insurgency in Cabo Delgado Part of the war against the Islamic State, Islamic terrorism in Africa and the war on terror	Mozambique Rwanda (from 2021) [447] Southern African Development Community (from 2021) South Africa Botswana Lesotho Tanzania Angola Zambia Malawi DRC Namibia Private Military Companies Dyck Advisory Group Control Risks Paramount Group Frontier Services Group Wagner Group	Ansar al-Sunna Islamic State Bandits [448]
2017	2017	2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict	Iraq Supported by: Iran [449]	Kurdistan Regional Government PKK [450] PDKI [451] White Flags (alleged) [452]
2017	Ongoing	Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) Part of the Iraqi conflict and war against the Islamic State	Iraq Iraqi Federal Police Iraqi Armed Forces Special Operations Forces (SOF) Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) Pro-Government Tribes (ar) [453] Islamic Resistance in Iraq Supported by: Iran Rojava (cross-border cooperation since May 2018) [454] Supported by: CJTF-OIR United States United Kingdom France Kurdistan Region Peshmerga Supported by: Netherlands [455]	Islamic State White Flags (2017–2018)
2018	Ongoing	Catatumbo campaign Part of the Colombian conflict (1964–present), the War on Drugs (1993–present), and the Crisis in Venezuela (2010–present)	Colombia 2nd Division	Popular Liberation Army (EPL) National Liberation Army (ELN) Nororiental de Guerra Los Rastrojos FARC dissidents
2018	2018	2018 Armenian–Azerbaijani clashes Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict	Azerbaijan	Armenia
2018	Ongoing	OLA insurgency Part of the Oromo conflict and Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)	Ethiopia Oromia	OLA
2018	2018	November 2018 Gaza–Israel clashes Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict	Israel	Gaza Strip Hamas Islamic Jihad PFLP al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades PRC
2019	2019	2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes Part of the Indo−Pakistani conflicts and the Kashmir conflict	India   Indian Army   Indian Air Force   Indian Navy CRPF	Jaish-e-Mohammed Pakistan   Pakistan Army   Pakistan Air Force   Pakistan Navy
2019	2019	May 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict	Israel	Gaza Strip Hamas Palestinian Islamic Jihad National Resistance Brigades
2019	2022	Benishangul-Gumuz conflict Part of the Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)	Ethiopia ENDF Benishangul-Gumuz Region Amhara Region Fano militias [456]	Gumuz People’s Democratic Movement [457] Benishangul People's Liberation Movement [458] Oromo Liberation Army Tigray People's Liberation Front (alleged)[ citation needed ] Support: Sudan (Gumuz militiamen only) [459] Egypt (alleged by Ethiopia) [460]
2019	2019	November 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict	Israel	Palestinian Islamic Jihad

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Notes

1. Known as the National Redemption Front prior to 2011.
2. Signed the Doha Darfur Peace Agreement in 2011.
3. Until 2020, when it re-merged into the TTP.
4. Collaboration with the TTP in 2007.
5. Collaboration with the TTP in 2015.
6. ACA was active from 2014 until 2016, when most of its members and leaders were killed. The group was effectively defunct after this point, but was revived sometime in 2017 by members of the EML.
7. Inglés National Movement for Reform and Development
8. Inglés Justice and Equality Movement
9. Francés Front uni pour le changement
10. Francés Union des forces pour la démocratie et le développement
11. Francés Rassemblement des forces pour le changement
12. Francés Concorde Nationale Tchadienne
13. Francés Conseil démocratique révolutionnaire
14. Francés Union des Forces Démocratiques pour le Progrès
15. Francés Rassemblement pour la démocratie et la liberté
16. Francés Union des Forces pour la démocratie et le développement-Fondamentale
17. Francés Socle pour le changement, l'unité et la démocratie
18. Francés Conseil National du Redressement
19. Francés Union des forces de la résistance
20. Francés Union des forces pour le changement et la démocratie
21. Francés Front pour le salut de la République
22. Francés Union des Forces de Résistance
23. Alianza formada en 2008 por el UFDD, el UFDD-F y el RFC.
24. Francés Front populaire pour la renaissance nationale
25. Francés Union démocratique pour le changement
26. Francés Mouvement Populaire pour la Renaissance et le Developpement
27. The Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades was Fatah's armed wing, and while still aligned with Fatah in terms of political ideology, is now a member of the Palestinian Joint Operations Room and allied with Hamas. The AAMB separated from Fatah after Mahmoud Abbas' 2007 decree banning all militias following the Battle of Gaza. Nonetheless, it sometimes still presents itself as the party's armed wing, an association rejected by Fatah leadership.
28. The exact origin of Ansaru is unclear, but it had already existed as Boko Haram faction ^[38] before officially announcing its foundation as separate group on 1 January 2012. ^{[38] [39] [40]} The group had no known military presence in Nigeria from 2015, but several of its members appear to be still active. The group appear allied with rag-tag factions in the Nigerian bandit conflict and were recently behind the Abuja–Kaduna train attack ^[41]
29. Following Mohammed Yusuf's death, Boko Haram splintered into numerous factions which no longer operated under a unified leadership. Though Abubakar Shekau eventually became the preeminent commander of the movement, he never really controlled all Boko Haram groups. Instead, the factions were loosely allied, but also occasionally clashed with each other. ^{[45] [46]} This situation changed in 2015 when Shekau pledged allegiance to ISIL. The leadership of ISIL eventually decided to replace Shekau as a local commander with Yusuf's son Abu Musab al-Barnawi, whereupon the movement split completely. Shekau no longer recognized the authority of ISIL's central command, and his loyalists started to openly fight the followers of al-Barnawi. Regardless, Shekau did never officially renounce his pledge of allegiance to ISIL as a whole; his forces are thus occasionally regarded as "second branch of ISWAP". Overall, the relation of Shekau with ISIL remains confused and ambiguous. In the Battle of Sambisa Forest of 2021 ISWAP fighters killed Shekau and al-Barnawi nominally remains head of ISWAP ^[47]
30. MINUSMA, the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali, included troops from Chad, Bangladesh, Senegal, Togo, Egypt, Burkina Faso, Niger, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Germany, China, Benin, among others ^{[164] [165]}
31. The participation of the Wagner Group, a Russian private military company, has been denied by both Russia and Mali, which insist Russia is only sending military advisors.
32. Faction affiliated with the CSP-PSD
33. The SPLM-IO accused JEM of supporting Kiir's government since 2013, though JEM has denied any involvement and claims to maintain neutrality in the South Sudanese Civil War. ^[232] The Sudanese government, ^[233] aid workers ^[232] and other sources ^[234] have however affirmed that JEM is taking part in conflict on the side of the South Sudanese government. ^[235]
34. The Cobra Faction openly opposed the government until 2014, and remained in relative opposition until 2015, when it divided into a pro-government and pro-SPLM-IO faction, the latter of which formed the Greater Pibor Forces. In early 2016, the Cobra Faction effectively disbanded, when the remaining group joined the government. ^{[244] [245] [246]} In September 2016, however, the Cobra Faction was declared restored by some of its commanders and declared that it had resumed its struggle against the government. ^[247]
35. The Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic were Russian puppet states that declared their independence from Ukraine in May 2014. In 2022, they received international recognition from each other, Russia, Syria and North Korea, and some other partially recognised states. On 30 September 2022, Russia declared that it had formally annexed both entities. They continue to exist as republics of Russia.
36. In 2022, Belarus allowed Russia to use its territory to launch the invasion ^{[269] [270] [271]} and to launch missiles into Ukraine. ^[272] See: Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine
37. Since April 2022, the Southern Transitional Council is part of the Yemeni government led by the Presidential Leadership Council. Multiple sources:
    • Salem, Mostafa; Kolirin, Lianne (7 April 2022). "Hopes of peace in Yemen as President hands power to new presidential council". CNN. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2022.
    • Ghobari, Mohamed (7 April 2022). "Yemen president sacks deputy, delegates presidential powers to council". Aden: Reuters. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
    • Al-Sakani, Ali (19 April 2022). "Yemen inaugurates new presidential council". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023.

1. South Ossetia's status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is recognised by only a few other countries. The Georgian government and most of the world's other states consider South Ossetia de jure a part of Georgia's territory.
2. The political status of Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Georgia in 1992, Abkhazia is formally recognised as an independent state by 5 UN member states (two other states previously recognised it but then withdrew their recognition), while the remainder of the international community recognizes it as de jure Georgian territory. Georgia continues to claim the area as its own territory, designating it as Russian-occupied territory.
3. Supported Malaysian action during the standoff, but was not involved in the operation.

References

1. Bacon, Tricia; Warner, Jason (8 September 2021). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "Twenty Years After 9/11: The Threat in Africa—The New Epicenter of Global Jihadi Terror" (PDF). CTC Sentinel . 14 (7). West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center: 76–92. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
2. Faced with Boko Haram, Cameroon weighs death penalty for terrorism. Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine By Tansa Musa, Reuters. YAOUNDE Wed 3 December 2014 9:56 am EST.
3. Chad armoured column heads for Cameroon to fight Boko Haram. Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine AFP for Yahoo! News, 16 January 2015 4:54 PM.
4. West Africa leaders vow to wage 'total war' on Boko Haram Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine By John Irish and Elizabeth Pineau. 17 May 2014 2:19 PM.
5. African Troops Free Dozens of Boko Haram Victims, Voice of America, Apr 10, 2021. Accessed April 11, 2021.
6. "Vigilantes Settle Local Scores With Boko Haram". Voice of America. 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
7. ICG (2018), pp. i, 4–8.
8. ICG (2018), pp. 5, 6.
9. ICG (2018), pp. i, 3, 7.
10. ICG (2018), p. 3.
11. Adama Nossiter (12 March 2015). "Mercenaries Join Nigeria's Military Campaign Against Boko Haram". The New York Times . Archived from the original on 15 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
12. Colin Freeman (10 May 2015). "South African mercenaries' secret war on Boko Haram". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 18 March 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
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External links

• Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
  • Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements