List of company name etymologies

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

This is a list of company names with their name origins explained. Some of the origins are disputed.

Contents: 

• 0–9
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• K
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W
• X
• Y
• Z

• See also
• References

0–9

• 19 Entertainment – talent company founded by Simon Fuller and "named after Paul Hardcastle's single 19, the first No. 1 Fuller had a hand in", according to TV Guide ^[1] After selling 19 Entertainment to CKX, Inc, Fuller founded XIX Entertainment, which is 19 in Roman numerals.
• 20th Century Fox – film studio; formed in 1935 through the merger of William Fox's Fox Film, and Twentieth Century Pictures. ^[2]
• 21st Century Fox – media company formed by spinning off News Corporation's TV and movie properties in 2013. It owned 20th Century Fox, the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox News, Star TV and others until it was bought by Disney in 2019.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 23andMe – using the 23 pairs of chromosomes that make up each person's genome, the company helps individuals make sense of their own genome. ^[3]
• 343 Industries – Halo game developer founded by Microsoft after the departing of Bungie, named after the character, 343 Guilty Spark.^{[ citation needed ]}
• 37signals – web development company; named for the 37 radiotelescope signals identified by astronomer Paul Horowitz as potential messages from extraterrestrial intelligence. ^[4] In 2014, the company renamed itself Basecamp, after its main product. ^[5]
• 3Com – network technology producer; the three coms are computer, communication, and compatibility. ^[6]
• 3dfx Interactive – 3d and fx, standing for "three-dimensional effects".
• 3M – from the company's original name, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company. ^[7]
• 7-Eleven – convenience stores; renamed from "Tote'm" in 1946 to reflect their newly extended hours, 7:00 am until 11:00 pm. ^[8]

A

• A&M Records – named after founders Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss ^[9]
• A&P – from Atlantic &Pacific in The Great Atlantic &Pacific Tea Company, a U.S.-based supermarket chain
• A&W Root Beer – named after founders Roy Allen and Frank Wright ^[10]
• A. Le Coq – named after the founder Albert von Le Coq.
• Abba Seafood – from Aktiebolaget Bröderna Ameln, meaning "Ameln brothers limited company".
• ABC – American Broadcasting Company
• Abloy – derived from Aktiebolag Låsfabriken/Lukkotehdas Osakeyhtiö, which means "lock factory limited company" in both Swedish and Finnish
• ABN AMRO – in the 1960s, the Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (Dutch Trading Society; 1824) and De Twentsche Bank merged to form the Algemene Bank Nederland (ABN; General Bank of the Netherlands); in 1966, the Amsterdamsche Bank and the Rotterdamsche Bank merged to form the Amro Bank; in 1991, ABN and Amro Bank merged to form ABN AMRO.
• Accenture – from "Accent on the future". The name Accenture was proposed by a company employee in Norway as part of an internal name finding process (BrandStorming). Before 1 January 2001, the company was called Andersen Consulting. ^[11]
• Acer – born as Multitech International in 1976, the company changed its name to Acer in 1987; the Latin word for "sharp, acute, able and facile"
• Acorn Computers – The name "Acorn" was chosen because the company's first microcomputer system Acorn System 75 was to be expandable and growth-oriented. It also had the attraction of appearing before "Apple Computer" in a telephone directory. ^[12]
• Adecco – named from the merger of Swiss staffing company Adia with French staffing company Ecco ^[13]
• Adidas – from the name of the founder Adolf "Adi" Dassler. ^[14] Adolf and his brother Rudolf Dassler split the original company, Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik (Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory), with Rudolf founding Puma.
• Adobe Systems – from the Adobe Creek that ran behind the house of co-founder John Warnock ^[15]
• Adyen – from the Sranan Tongo word adyen meaning 'start again', this is a reference to this being the second project of the founders, after Bibit ^[16]
• Aflac – initialism for the company's previous name of American Family Life Assurance Company of Columbus (which remains the legal name of Aflac's underwriting subsidiary).
• Ahlstrom – named after founder Antti Ahlström
• Ahold – holding company of Albert Heijn and other supermarkets. For its 100th anniversary in 1987, Ahold was granted the title of Koninklijke ("Royal" in Dutch) by the Monarchy of the Netherlands, changing its name to Koninklijke Ahold (Royal Ahold). ^[17]
• Akai – named for its founder, Masukichi Akai ^[18]
• Akamai – from the Hawaiian word akamai meaning smart or clever; ^[19] the company defines it as "intelligent, clever and cool" ^[20]
• AKG Acoustics – from the company's original name, Akustische und Kino-Geräte (Acoustic and Cinema Equipment)
• AKZO – named from the 1969 merger of Algemene Kunstzijde Unie (AKU) and Koninklijke Zout Organon (KZO) ^[21]
• Alcatel-Lucent – Alcatel was named from Alsacienne de Constructions Atomiques, de Télécommunications et d'Électronique. ^[22] It took over Lucent Technologies (below) in 2006.
• Alcoa – Aluminum Company of America ^[23]
• Aldi – portmanteau of Albrecht (name of the founders) and discount
• Alepa – from Alennushalli Pajunen (Pajunen's Discount Hall), named after the founder. The Pajunen family sold the chain to HOK-Elanto in 1987.
• Alfa Romeo – company was originally known as ALFA, an acronym for Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili ("Anonymous Lombard Automobile Factory"). When Nicola Romeo bought ALFA in 1915, his surname was appended.
• Alibaba Group – from the character Ali Baba from the Middle Eastern folk-tale collection One Thousand and One Nights because of its universal appeal. ^[24]
• Alltel – from original company name Allied Telephone Company
• Alps Electric/Alpine Electronics – Katsutaro Kataoka founded Kataoka Electronics in a suburb of Tokyo in 1947. A subsidiary was established in the province of Tohoku, also known as the Tohoku Alps, as Tohoku Alps Co. Ltd. When Kataoka was seeking investment during the 1960s, he found that foreigners had difficulty pronouncing "Kataoka," and renamed his firm Alps Electric. Alpine Electronics was originally named Alps-Motorola as a joint venture in the Japanese car audio market and the Alpine name was adopted after Motorola divested its stake in 1978.
• Alstom – set up as Alsthom in 1928 by Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston, it changed the spelling to Alstom in 1997.
• AltaVista – Spanish for "high view"
• Altec Lansing – audio equipment company formed when Altec Service Company, whose name was an abbreviation of "all technical" (and which had promised to never make or sell audio equipment), acquired Lansing Manufacturing Company, named after James Bullough Lansing (also later the namesake of JBL (below), which he founded to compete with Altec Lansing as soon as his contract expired)
• Alza – from the name of the founder Alex Zaffaroni
• Amazon.com – founder Jeff Bezos renamed the company "Amazon" (from the earlier name of Cadabra.com) after the world's most voluminous river, the Amazon. He saw the potential for a larger volume of sales in an online (as opposed to a bricks and mortar) bookstore. (Alternative: Amazon was chosen to cash in on the popularity of Yahoo, which listed entries alphabetically.)
• AmBev – American Beverage Company, the largest Brazilian beverage company and fourth in the world. In 2004 it merged with Interbrew to create InBev, which in turn purchased Anheuser-Busch in 2008 to form Anheuser-Busch InBev.
• AMC Theatres – American Multi-Cinema: the company pioneered multi-screen cinemas ^[25]
• AMD – Advanced Micro Devices
• Amdahl Corporation – American mainframe computer company named after its founder, Dr. Gene Amdahl, formerly of IBM. It was taken over by Fujitsu in 1997.
• Amiga Corporation – original developers of the 16-bit Amiga computer chose the name, which means a 'female friend' in Spanish and Portuguese, because it sounded friendly, and because it came before rivals (Apple Inc. and Atari) alphabetically. ^[26]
• AMKOR – American Korea ^[27]
• Amoco – American Oil Company, now part of BP
• Amstrad – Amstrad Consumer Electronics plc was founded by Lord Alan Michael Sugar in the UK. The name is a contraction of Alan Michael Sugar Trading.
• Anheuser-Busch InBev – formed by the 2008 purchase of Anheuser-Busch by InBev. Anheuser-Busch was named for the company's original founder, Eberhard Anheuser, and his later partner and son-in-law Adolphus Busch.
• AOL – from America Online. The company was founded in 1983 as Quantum Computer Services.
• Apache – Co-founder Brian Behlendorf first came up with the name "Apache" for the server. The name "Apache" was chosen out of reverence and appreciation for the people and tribes who refer to themselves as "Apache". ^[28]
• Apple – for the favorite fruit of co-founder Steve Jobs and/or for the time he worked at an apple orchard, and to distance itself from the cold, unapproachable, complicated imagery created by other computer companies at the time – which had names such as IBM, DEC, and Cincom
• Apricot Computers – early UK-based microcomputer company founded by ACT (Applied Computer Techniques), a business software and services supplier. The company wanted a "fruity" name (Apple and Acorn were popular brands) that included the letters A, C and T. Apricot fit the bill.
• Arby's – enunciation of the initials of its founders, the Raffel Brothers. The partners wanted to use the name Big Tex, but were unsuccessful in negotiating with the Akron businessman who was already using the name. So, Forrest said, "We came up with Arby's, which stands for R.B., the initials of Raffel Brothers, although I guess customers might think the initials stand for roast beef."
• Arcelor – created in 2001 by a merger of ARBED (Aciéries Réunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange, "United Steelworks of Burbach-Eich-Dudelange") of Luxembourg, Aceralia of Spain, and Usinor (Union Sidérurgique du Nord, "Northern Steel Union") of France with the ambition of becoming a major player in the steel industry.
• Arcor – Arroyito, Córdoba, the city where it was founded.
• Areva – named from the region of Ávila in northern Spain, location of the Arevalo abbey. Arevalo was shorted to AREVA.
• Aricent – communications software company name created in 2006 by combining two words "arise" and "ascent".
• Arm & Hammer – based on the arm and hammer of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and metalworking. It was previously the logo of the Vulcan Spice Mills in Brooklyn. When James Church, the son of Church & Dwight founder Austin Church, came to Church and Dwight from Vulcan Spice Mills, he brought the logo with him. ^[29]
• ARM – named after the microprocessor developed by small UK company Acorn as a successor to the 6502 used in its BBC Microcomputer. ARM originally stood for Acorn Risc Machine. When the company was spun off with backing from Apple and VTI, this was changed to Advanced Risc Machines.
• ARP – company that made analog synthesizers in the 1970s, named after founder Alan Robert Pearlman
• Artis – zoo in Amsterdam; named from the Latin phrase Natura Artis Magistra, or "Nature is Art's Teacher"
• Asda – Asda Stores Limited was founded as Associated Dairies & Farm Stores Ltd in 1949. However, the formation of the Asda name occurred in 1965 with the merger of the Asquith chain of three supermarkets and Associated Dairies; it is an abbreviation of Asquith and Dairies.
• ASICS – acronym for Anima Sana In Corpore Sano, which, translated from Latin, means "Healthy soul in a healthy body". Originally the citation is mens sana in corpore sano , but MSICS does not sound as good.
• Ask.com – search engine formerly named after Jeeves, the gentleman's gentleman (valet, not butler) in P. G. Wodehouse's series of books. Ask Jeeves was shortened to Ask in 2006.
• Aston Martin – In 1913, Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford co-founded a company to sell Singer cars in London, and Martin developed their first car to take part in races at Aston Hill, near Aston Clinton. Bamford & Martin Ltd ran into financial difficulties, and in 1925, Martin was forced to sell the company (Bamford had already left). The new owners renamed it Aston Martin Motors and started the production of an entirely new range of cars from a new factory in Feltham in London.
• Asus – named after Pegasus, the winged horse of Greek mythology. The first three letters of the word were dropped to get a high position in alphabetical listings. An Asus company named Pegatron, using the spare letters, was spun off in 2008. ^[30]
• AT&T – American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation officially changed its name to AT&T in the 1990s.
• Atari – named from the board game Go. "Atari" is a Japanese word to describe a position where an opponent's stones are in danger of being captured. It is similar, though not identical, to "check" in chess. The original games company was American but wanted a Japanese-sounding name.
• ATI Technologies – founded in Canada as Array Technology Inc. and taken over by AMD in 2006.
• Atresmedia – Spanish media company which owns the TV network Antena 3; A Tres Media is Spanish for "A3 Media", A3 being Antena 3.
• ATS – Auto Technik Spezialerzeugnisse, a German company producing light alloy wheels and motor parts, which ran its own Formula 1 racing team in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
• Audi – Latin translation of the German name "Horch". The founder August Horch left the company after five years, but still wanted to manufacture cars. Since the original "Horch" company was still there, he called his new company Audi, the Latin form of his last name. In English it is "hark".
• AVROTROS – Part of the Dutch public broadcasting system, AVROTROS was formed as the result of a merger between AVRO (Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep, "General Association of Radio Broadcasting") and TROS (Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting).

B

• B&H Photo Video – named after Blimie Schreiber and her husband, company founder Herman Schreiber
• B&Q – from the initials of its founders, Richard Block and David Quayle
• Babolat – racquet sports (tennis, badminton, squash) equipment company named after its founder, Pierre Babolat
• Bahco – from the name B.A. Hjort & Company. Founder Berndt August Hjort signed a deal to distribute the tools of inventor Johan Petter Johansson.
• Bakkavör – from the street in a Reykjavík suburb where the founders grew up ^[31]
• Bally – originally Lion Manufacturing, the company changed its name to Bally after the success of its first popular pinball machine, Ballyhoo.
• Banesto – from Banco Español de Crédito (Spanish Credit Bank)
• Bang & Olufsen – from the names of its founders, Peter Bang and Svend Olufsen, who met at a school of engineering in Denmark.
• BAPE – A Bathing Ape is a cult clothing company founded by Tomoaki "Nigo" Nagao in 1993. ^[32] The name is derived from a Japanese saying, "A Bathing Ape in Lukewarm Water", which Nigo says is "a reference to the young generation being spoiled, pampered and too complacent". ^[33]
• BASF – from Badische Anilin und Soda Fabriken ("Baden Aniline and Soda Factory"), after its first two products
• Bauhaus – European chain of DIY stores founded by Heinz-Georg Baus and named from the German words bauen (to build) and Haus (house). The reference to the classic Bauhaus art school is only an allusion.
• Bauknecht – founded as an electrotechnical workshop in 1919 by Gottlob Bauknecht, and now a Whirlpool brand
• Bayer – named after Friedrich Bayer, who founded the company in 1863
• BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation, originally British Broadcasting Company
• BBVA – Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, a Spanish banking group formed in 1999 from the merger of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya and Argentaria
• BEA Systems – from the first initial of each of the company's three founders: Bill Coleman, Ed Scott and Alfred Chuang
• Beko – Turkish consumer electronics company named after its founders, Bejerano and Koç ^[34]
• Ben & Jerry's – named after Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield, who founded an ice cream parlor in 1978 after completing a correspondence course on ice cream making from Pennsylvania State University. The company, Ben & Jerry's Homemade Holdings, Inc. was later taken over by Unilever.
• BenQ – Bringing Enjoyment and Quality to life ^[35]
• Berkshire Hathaway – originally a textile company formed by the merger of Berkshire Fine Spinning Associates and the Hathaway Manufacturing Company. In 1964, the declining company was taken over by one of its investors, Warren Buffett, who converted it into a conglomerate holding company.
• BHP – Broken Hill Proprietary, named after the town of Broken Hill, where BHP was founded
• BIC Corporation – pen company was named after one of its founders, Marcel Bich. He dropped the final h to avoid a potentially inappropriate English pronunciation of the name.
• Black & Decker – named after founders S. Duncan Black and Alonzo G. Decker.
• BlackBerry – first device produced by the company originally known as Research In Motion (below) was a two-way pager; the BlackBerry name was chosen because of the resemblance between the keyboard buttons and the drupelets that form the blackberry fruit. The company rebranded itself as BlackBerry in 2013.
• Blaupunkt – Blaupunkt ("Blue dot") was founded in 1923 under the name "Ideal". Its core business was the manufacturing of headphones. If the headphones came through quality tests, the company would give the headphones a blue dot. The headphones quickly became known as the blue dots or blaue Punkte. The quality symbol would become a trademark and the trademark would become the company name in 1938.
• Blizzard Entertainment – videogame company founded in 1991 as Silicon & Synapse, it briefly changed its name to Chaos Studios (1993–94), ^[36] before discovering there was already a company using the Chaos name. It picked Blizzard from the dictionary.
• BMW – Bayerische Motoren Werke (Bavarian Motor Works).
• Bo-Dyn Bobsled Project – Geoff Bodine and Chassis Dynamics, the bobsled maker that the NASCAR driver teamed with. The company name is pronounced the same as that of Bodine himself: /boʊˈdaɪn/ .
• Boeing – named after founder William E. Boeing. It was originally called Pacific Aero Products Co.
• Bosch – named after founder Robert Bosch. Robert Bosch GmbH (full company name) is a German diversified technology-based corporation.
• Bose Corporation – named after founder Amar Bose
• BP – formerly British Petroleum, now BP (The slogan "Beyond Petroleum" has incorrectly been taken to refer to the company's new name following its rebranding effort in 2000.)
• BRAC – Bangladesh Rural & Advancement Committee, world's largest NGO (non-governmental organization)
• Bridgestone – named after founder Shojiro Ishibashi. The surname Ishibashi (石橋) means "stone bridge", or "bridge of stone".
• Brine, Corp. – sporting goods company named after founder, W.H. Brine. It was taken over by New Balance in 2006.
• Brooks Sports – anglicized version of Bruchs, the maiden name of the wife of founder Morris Goldenberg.
• Brunswick Corporation – founded in 1845 as "J.M. Brunswick Manufacturing Company" in Cincinnati, Ohio by John Moses Brunswick, an immigrant from Bremgarten, Switzerland
• BSA – Birmingham Small Arms Company, which started out making guns but later became best known for its motorcycles.
• BT – formerly British Telecom (from BT Group, formerly British Telecommunications plc.)
• Buick – named for its founder, David Dunbar Buick. The company was the original focal point for General Motors, established in 1908 as a holding company for Buick plus other companies acquired by William C. Durant. Buick survives to this day as a GM brand.
• Bull – Compagnie des machines Bull was founded in Paris to exploit the patents for punched card machines taken out by Norwegian engineer Fredrik Rosing Bull.
• Bullfrog Productions – Named after an ornament of a bullfrog located in the office: ^[37] when asked by Joystick why the name "Bullfrog" was chosen, founder Peter Molyneux stated that they wanted "an idiotic name" without having to find one, and there happened to be a sculpture of a colourful frog on a pedestal labelled "Bull Frog by Leonardo" on the table. ^[38]
• Burroughs Corporation – founded in 1886 as the American Arithmometer Company and later renamed after the adding machine invented by William Seward Burroughs. The company took over Sperry Corporation and became Unisys.
• Bultaco – Spanish company of motorcycles, which disappeared in the 1980s. Its name is based on the name of its founder, PacoBultó.
• ByWater Solutions – library software company named after a village in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings ^[39]

C

• C&A – named after the brothers Clemens and August Brenninkmeijer, who founded a textile company called C&A in the Netherlands in 1841
• CA – Computer Associates was founded in 1976 as Computer Associates International, Inc. by Charles Wang and Russell Artzt.
• Cadillac – the car company, founded in 1902, was named after the 18th-century French explorer Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac. Cadillac is a small town in the South of France. The company was taken over by General Motors in 1909 and survives as a GM brand.
• CAE – originally Canadian Aviation Electronics
• Campagnolo – from the name of its founder, Tullio Campagnolo
• Canon – originally (1933) "Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory", the new name (1935) derived from the name of the company's first camera, the Kwanon, in turn named after the Japanese name of the Buddhist bodhisattva of mercy.
• Capcom – Capsule Computers, the former name of the company and how they described the arcade machines they manufactured at the time
• Caprabo – Catalan supermarkets, founded by Pere Carbó, Jaume Prats and Josep Bonet
• Carrefour – chain of supermarkets and hypermarkets which started with a store near a crossroads (carrefour in French) in Annecy
• Casio – from the name of its founder, Kashio Tadao, who had set up the company Kashio Seisakujo as a subcontractor factory
• Caterpillar – originally Holt Tractor Co, merged with Best Tractor Co. in 1925. A company photographer exclaimed aloud of a Holt tractor that the tracks' movement resembled a caterpillar moving along the ground. The name stuck.
• Cathay Pacific – airline was founded on 24 September 1946 by American Roy C. Farrell and Australian Sydney H. de Kantzow, with each man putting up HK$1 to register the airline. They named it Cathay Pacific because Cathay was the ancient name given to China; and Pacific because Farrell speculated that they would one day fly across the Pacific.
• CBS – Columbia Broadcasting System
• Celera – inspired by 'celerity' or swiftness (in decoding the human genome), ^[40] with "era of the cell" a secondary meaning^{[ citation needed ]}
• Cemex – portmanteau of the company's former name of Cementos Mexicanos (Spanish for "Mexican Cement")
• Cerner – from the Latin "cerner" meaning "to discern" ^[41]
• CGI Group – from the first letters of Information Management Consultant in French (Conseillers en Gestion et Informatique)
• Chello – Dutch internet service provider, its name was originally pronounced 'say hello' (in Dutch the letter C at the beginning of a word is pronounced 'say'). This did not catch on and now it is pronounced "cello" (as in the stringed instrument).
• ChenOne – from the river Chenab and One
• Chevrolet – named after company co-founder Louis Chevrolet, a Swiss-born auto racer. The company was merged into General Motors in 1917 and survives only as a brand name.
• Chick-fil-A – American restaurant brand which focuses on chicken sandwiches; pun on the term "chick filet", with the "A" supposedly representing the "Grade-A" quality of the chicken.
• Chrysler – named after the company founder, Walter P. Chrysler. The company merged with Fiat in 2014 to create Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA), which then merged with PSA Group to form Stellantis. The Chrysler corporate entity has now become Stellantis North America, and the "Chrysler" name survives as a brand of Stellantis.
• Ciba Geigy – CIBA, named from Chemical Industry Basel (after Basel in Switzerland), merged with a company named after its founder Johann Rudolf Geigy-Merian. It became Novartis (below) after a merger with Sandoz.
• CiCi's Pizza – from the first letters of the last names of the founders of the franchise (Joe Croce and Mike Cole)
• Cigna – CIGNA was formed in 1982 through the combination of Insurance Company of North America (INA) and Connecticut General (CG). The name is a combination of the letters of the predecessor companies, CG and INA. ^[42]
• Cincom – originally called United Computer Systems, which was similar to several other software and services companies of the day. Two of the three founders visited Philco (Philadelphia Company), and this inspired them to create a new company name derived from Cincinnati (where it was based) and Computer (its business).
• Cisco – short for San Francisco.
• Citroën – named after André Citroën (1878–1935), a French entrepreneur of Dutch descent. He was the fifth and last child of the Dutch Jewish diamond merchant Levie Citroen and Mazra Kleinmann (of Warsaw, Poland). The Citroen family moved to Paris from Amsterdam in 1873 where the name changed to Citroën.
• CKX – named from "Content is King", with the "X" from founder Robert F.X. Sillerman. ^[43] Other Sillerman companies include SFX Entertainment and FXM Asset Management.
• Clarion – named after the "bugle-like wind instrument used in ancient Greece", says the company, which wanted a name English speakers would find easy to remember. It was founded in Japan in 1940 as Hakusan Wireless Electric Company, making radios, and became Teikoku Dempa after merging with Takizawa Wireless Electric Industries in 1943. ^[44]
• CNET – Computer Network ^[45]
• CNN – Cable News Network
• Coca-Cola – derived from the coca leaves and kola nuts used as flavoring. Coca-Cola creator John S. Pemberton changed the 'K' of kola to 'C' to make the name look better.
• Coleco – began as the Connecticut Leather Company
• Colgate-Palmolive – formed from a merger of soap manufacturers Colgate & Company and Palmolive-Peet. Peet was dropped in 1953. Colgate was named after William Colgate, an English immigrant, who set up a starch, soap and candle business in New York City in 1806. Palmolive was named for the two oils (Palm and Olive) used in its manufacture.
• COLT – from City Of London Telecom
• Comcast – from communications and broadcast
• Commodore International – supposedly named after the Opel Commodore, after the company's founder Jack Tramiel had unsuccessfully tried to name his company first "General" and then "Admiral". ^[46] However, the Opel Commodore only debuted in 1967, years after the company's founding. ^[47]
• Compaq – from computer and a sensational spelling of the word "pack" to denote a small integral object; Compatibility And Quality; or from the company's first product, the very compact Compaq Portable
• COMSAT – contraction of communications satellites. This American digital telecommunications and satellite company was founded during the era of U.S. President John F. Kennedy era to develop the technology.
• Comverse – from combining the words "communication" and "versatility"
• ConocoPhillips – formed from the merger of Conoco (from Continental Oil Company) and the Phillips Petroleum Company, named after the brothers who founded it: Lee Eldas "L.E." and Frank Phillips.
• Copersucar – Brazilian production cooperative in sugar and alcohol; its name is a contraction of Cooperativa de Açucar e Álcool
• Corel – Canadian software company; from Cowpland Research Laboratory, after the name of the company's founder, Michael Cowpland ^[48]
• Cosworth – automotive engineering company named after company founders Mike Costin and Keith Duckworth
• CPFL – Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz (São Paulo Company of Light and Power), one of the largest in Brazil, based in Campinas
• Crabtree & Evelyn – toiletry company named after gardener John Evelyn, and the tree that bears crabapples
• Cray – supercomputer company named after its founder, Seymour Cray
• CRC Press – originally Chemical Rubber Company
• Cromemco – early microcomputer company in Silicon Valley (circa 1975–198?) founded by two PhD students who once lived at Stanford University's Crothers Memorial Hall (a dormitory)
• Cutco – Cooking Utensils Company ^[49]
• CVS – originally Consumer Value Stores. CEO Tom Ryan has said he now considers "CVS" to stand for "Customer, Value, and Service".

D

• Daewoo – company founder Kim Woo Chong called it Daewoo which means "Great House" or "Great Universe" in Korean
• DAF Trucks – from 1932 the company's name was Van Doorne's Aanhangwagen Fabriek (Van Doorne's Trailer Factory). In 1949 the company started making trucks, trailers and buses and changed the name into Van Doorne's Automobiel Fabriek (Van Doorne's Automobile Factory).
• Daihatsu – first kanji from "Osaka" (大坂, the kanji is here pronounced dai) and "engine" (発動機, the first kanji is hatsu). Engine manufacturers were listed on the Tokyo and Osaka Stock Exchanges, and their names shortened to the first kanji. (The company listed on the Tokyo exchange is Tohatsu.)
• Dalda – Dada was the name of the Dutch company that imported vanaspati ghee into British India in the 1930s, named after Hussein Dada. After the Lever Brothers' acquisition, the L from Lever was inserted to create Dalda. Separate companies exist in both India and Pakistan.
• Danone (Dannon in the U.S.) – Isaac Carasso in Barcelona made his first yogurts with the nickname of his first son Daniel (DAN-ONE)
• Dassault Aviation – origins of the company go back to 1929 with SAAMB (Société des Avions Marcel Bloch), named after its founder Marcel Bloch (1892–1986). Bloch changed his name to Marcel Dassault in 1949. Dassault was derived from char d'assaut (French for "assault wagon" or battle tank), the codename that his brother had used in the French resistance. ^[50]
• Datsun – first called DAT, from the initials of its financiers Den, Aoyama and Takeuchi. Soon changed to DATSON to imply a smaller version of their original car, then (as son can mean "loss" in Japanese) again to DATSUN when they were acquired by Nissan.
• Dave & Buster's – Named after its founders, Dave Corriveau and James "Buster" Corley.
• DEC – Digital Equipment Corporation, a pioneering American minicomputer manufacturer founded by Ken Olsen and taken over by Compaq, before Compaq was merged into Hewlett-Packard (HP). It was generally called DEC ("deck"), but later tried to rebrand itself as Digital.
• DEKA – named after its founder Dean Kamen, developer of the Segway, iBOT, HomeChoice Dialysis and other products.
• Delhaize – named after its founders, Jules Delhaize and his brothers, who originated from Charleroi (Belgium). They opened the first European self-service "supermarket" in Ixelles/Elsene, a Brussels borough.
• Dell – named after its founder, Michael Dell. The company changed its name from Dell Computer in 2003.
• Delta Air Lines - named after the Mississippi Delta region.
• Denning & Fourcade, Inc. – interior designer company named after its founders Robert Denning and Vincent Fourcade in 1960.
• Descon – Design Engineering and Construction Services
• DFI – Diamond Flower Inc., an industrial computer company.
• DHL – named after its founders, Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom, and Robert Lynn. DHL was taken over by the German post office and both now operate under the group name Deutsche Post DHL.
• Diageo – name created by branding consultancy Wolff Olins in 1997. ^[51] It is based on the Latin word diēs, meaning "day", and the Greek root geo-, meaning "world". This refers to the company slogan, "Celebrating Life, Every Day, Everywhere". ^{[51] [52]}
• Dick's Sporting Goods – named after its founder, Dick Stack, who opened a bait and tackle shop in 1948 with a $300 gift from his grandmother ^[53]
• Digelius Music – an amalgam of the words digital and Sibelius . ^[54]
• Digg, Inc. – Kevin Rose's friend David Prager (The Screen Savers, This Week in Tech) originally wanted to call the site "Diggnation", but Kevin wanted a simpler name. He chose the name "Digg", because users are able to "dig" stories, out of those submitted, up to the front page. The site was called "Digg" instead of "Dig" because the domain name "dig.com" was previously registered, by Walt Disney Internet Group. "Diggnation" would eventually be used as the title of Kevin Rose and Alex Albrecht's weekly podcast discussing popular stories from Digg.
• Digi-Key – electronic component distributor whose name is derived from founder Dr. Ronald Stordahl's amateur radio telegraphic keyer, the "IC Keyer Kit", which utilized digital integrated circuits
• Dillard's – named for William T. Dillard who founded the Arkansas-based department store in 1938
• Dixons – commonly used abbreviation for DSG International plc (Dixons Stores Group), a UK-based retailer. The company was founded in 1937 by Charles Kalms and Michael Mindel. When opening their first photographic shop in Southend, they only had room for six letters on the fascia, and chose the name Dixons from the phone book.
• DKNY – Donna Karan New York
• Domark – from the first names of the founders: Dominic Marius Dennis Anthony Wheatley and Mark Douglas Ashley Strachan.
• Domino's Pizza – A variation of "DomiNick's", named after the company founder Dominick DiVarti, when DiVarti forbade the company's new owner Tom Monaghan from using the original name. ^[55]
• Double Fine Productions – named after a sign upon the Golden Gate Bridge that warned patrons that it was "Double Fine Zone" referring to the fact that speeders would be charged twice. ^[56]
• Dow – named after its founder, Herbert Henry Dow
• DSM – established in 1902 to exploit the Dutch coal mines, the name meaning Dutch State Mines. The last mine closed in 1973, and the company switched to chemicals.
• Duane Reade – named after Duane and Reade Streets in lower Manhattan, where the chain's first warehouse was located. ^[57] The chain was purchased by Walgreens in 2010, but still operates separately.
• DuPont – short name for E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. This American chemical company was founded in 1802 as a gunpowder mill by Eleuthère Irénée du Pont, who left France to escape the French Revolution. ^[58]
• Dynegy – Natural Gas Clearinghouse changed its name in 1998 to reflect its self-described traits as a dynamic energy company. "Dynergy" had already been taken by a German health foods company.

E

• E. J. Korvette – named for the founder Eugene Ferkauf and his associate Joe Swillenberg; an intentional misspelling of "Corvette". A common urban legend misstates the origin as "Eight Jewish Korean War Veterans". ^[59]
• EA – Electronic Arts. The company was founded in May 1982 as Amazin' Software and rebranded as Electronic Arts in October the same year.
• eBay – Pierre Omidyar, who had created the Auction Web trading website, had formed a web consulting concern called Echo Bay Technology Group. "Echo Bay" did not refer to the town in Nevada, "It just sounded cool", Omidyar reportedly said. Echo Bay Mines, a gold mining company, had already taken EchoBay.com, so Omidyar registered what (at the time) he thought was the second best name: eBay.com.
• EDS – Electronic Data Systems, founded in 1962 by former IBM salesman Ross Perot. According to the company history: ^[60] "He chose Electronic Data Systems from potential names he scribbled on a pledge envelope during a service at Highland Park Presbyterian Church in Dallas."
• El Al – Hebrew: אל על, "To the Skies" or "Skywards", Arabic: إل-عال
• Eidos – named from a Greek word meaning "species".
• EKCO - Eric Kirkham Cole Limited 1924> Radio / Electronics Manufacture.
• Eletropaulo – one of the largest Brazilian companies in electricity generation and distribution, its name derives from Companhia de Electricidade de São Paulo.
• Elron – from Estonian "elektrirong" ("electrical train").
• Embraer – Brazilian aircraft manufacturer, its name is an abbreviation of Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica (Brazilian Aeronautics Company).
• EMBRAPA – Brazilian state agricultural research and development company, its name is an abbreviation of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Agriculture Research Company).
• EMBRATEL – abbreviation of Empresa Brasileira de Telecomunicações (Brazilian Telecommunications Company). Brazil's largest telecommunications company, it was a state monopoly until 1992 when it was privatized and sold to MCI, then later resold to Telmex.
• EMC Corporation – named from the initials of the founders, Richard Egan and Roger Marino. There has long been a rumor that another partner provided the third letter (C). Other reports indicate the C stands for Company. EMC adopted the EMC² notation to refer to Einstein's famous equation, E = mc².
• EMI – formerly Electric and Musical Industries Ltd.
• Emporis – Empor comes from the German and means "aloft, rising"; one of the world's largest providers of data concerning buildings
• Endemol Shine Group – Former Dutch television production company, formed from a merger between Endemol (itself a merger of the companies of Joop van den Ende and John de Mol Jr.) and Shine Group. Bought by French production company Banijay in 2020.
• Epson – Epson Seiko Corporation, the Japanese printer and peripheral manufacturer, was named from "Son of Electronic Printer" after a highly successful model, the EP-101.
• Equifax – from equitable and factual
• Equinix – The company's focus is on equality, neutrality and Internet exchange. ^[61]
• Ericsson – Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson is named after its founder Lars Magnus Ericsson, who opened a telegraph equipment repair shop in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1876 ^[62]
• Ernst & Young – named for the company's founders, Alwin Ernst and Arthur Young
• ESPN – Entertainment and Sports Programming Network
• ESRI – Environmental Systems Research Institute, the first geographic information system (GIS) software company founded by Jack and Laura Dangermond in Redlands, California, in 1969
• Esso – enunciation of the initials S.O. in Standard Oil of New Jersey
• Etsy – founder Rob Kalin said that he named the site Etsy because he "wanted a nonsense word because I wanted to build the brand from scratch. I was watching Fellini's 8+1⁄2 and writing down what I was hearing. In Italian, you say 'etsi' a lot. It means 'oh, yes' (actually it's "eh, si"). And in Latin and French, it means 'what if.'" ^[63]
• Euronext – abbreviation of European New Exchange Technology
• Evernote – combination of the words forever and note to indicate the core service that the app provides
• Exidy – derived from "excellence in dynamics"
• Exxon – name contrived by Esso (Standard Oil of New Jersey) in the early 1970s to create a neutral but distinctive label for the company. Within days, Exxon was being called the "double cross company" but this eventually subsided. (Esso is a trademark of ExxonMobil.) Esso could not use its name in parts of the U.S. because of restrictions dating to the 1911 Standard Oil antitrust decision.

F

• F5 Networks – originally F5 Labs – taken from the Fujita scale of ratings for tornado intensity, where F5 is the most intense to be used in normal practice even though the scale can physically describe up to F12 which corresponds to wind velocities of Mach 1.0.
• Facebook – name stems from the colloquial name of books given to newly enrolled students at the start of the academic year by university administrations in the US with the intention of helping students to get to know each other better.
• Fair Isaac Corporation – named after founders Bill Fair and Earl Isaac
• Fanta – from the German word Fantasie, meaning "imagination". ^[64]
• FAS – abbreviation for Foras Áiseanna Saothair (Labour Facilities Foundation). Fás means grow in Irish.
• Fazer – Finnish food company named after its founder, Karl Fazer
• FCUK – French Connection United Kingdom
• FedEx – abbreviation of Federal Express Corporation, the company's original name ^[65]
• FEGIME – abbreviation for "Fédération Européenne des Grossistes Indépendants en Matériel Électrique" (European Federation of Independent Electrical Wholesalers)
• Ferodo – anagram of the name of its founder, Herbert Froode
• Ferrari – from the name of its founder, Enzo Ferrari
• Fever-Tree – the name was chosen as it is the colloquial name for the cinchona tree, the bark of which produces quinine. ^[66]
• Fiat – acronym of Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (Italian Automobile Factory of Turin)
• Finnair – from "Finland" and "air". Originally called "Aero Osakeyhtiö", which led to its international flight code, "AY".
• Firestone – named after its founder, Harvey Firestone
• Fisher-Price – toy company named after two of its three founders: Herman Fisher, Irving Price, and Helen Schelle. ^[67] It became a Mattel subsidiary in 1993.
• Fiskars – from the town of Fiskars, where the company was founded.
• Five Guys – American restaurant chain founded by "five guys" – Jerry Murrell and his four sons. The "five guys" would later become the Murrell sons, after Jerry and his wife Janie had a fifth son two years after opening their first restaurant. ^{[68] [69]}
• Fluke – named after its founder, John Fluke Sr.
• Fonterra – glosses its own name as "spring from the land". ^[70] That would match a faux-Latin combination of fons (stem font-) conveying the idea of a fountain or spring, and terra, meaning earth, land, or ground.
• Ford Motor Company – named after its founder, Henry Ford, who introduced automobile mass production in 1914.
• Forrester Research – from the family name of the mother of the founder George Forrester Colony.
• FranklinCovey – named after Benjamin Franklin and Stephen Covey. The company was formed from the 1997 merger of FranklinQuest and the Covey Leadership Center.
• Fuji – named after Mount Fuji, the highest mountain in Japan
• Fujitsu – originally the data division of Fuji Electric, which was a joint venture between Furukawa Electric and Siemens. The tsu comes from tsūshinki, meaning data equipment.

G

• Gallup – polling company named after its founder, George Gallup. After his death in 1984, the company was sold to Selection Research, Incorporated (SRI).
• Garmin – named after its founders, Gary Burrell and Dr. Min Kao
• Gartner – named after its founder, Gideon Gartner, who left the firm in 1992 to start Giga (named from Gideon Gartner)
• Garuda Indonesia - named after the Garuda bird like creature of Hindu folklore and after the country, Indonesia, the airline company flies from.
• GCap Media – named after the merger of the GWR Group and Capital Radio Group in May 2005. GWR was launched in 1985 after the merger of Radio West and Wiltshire Radio.
• GEICO – from Government Employees Insurance Company
• Genentech – from Genetic Engineering Technology
• Genpact - Founded in 1997, Genpact stands for "Generating global Impact". ^[71]
• Gerdau – largest producer of long steel in the Americas, named from the surname of the founder, Johannes Heinrich Kaspar Gerdau
• Gilead Sciences – pharmaceutical company named after Gilead, a biblical place name
• Glaxo – dried-milk company set up in Bunnythorpe, New Zealand, by Joseph Edward Nathan. The company wanted to use the name "Lacto" but it was similar to some already in use. The company says: "By adding and changing letters, the name Glaxo evolved and was registered in October 1906." ^[72] GlaxoSmithKline was a 2000 merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham.
• Glock Ges.m.b.H. – named after its founder, Gaston Glock
• Goodyear – named after the founder of vulcanization, Charles Goodyear, the Goodyear Tire and Rubber company was founded by Frank Seiberling in 1898
• Google – originally an accidental misspelling of the word "googol", settled upon because google.com was unregistered. Googol was proposed to reflect the company's mission to organize the immense amount of information available online.
• Grey Global Group – advertising and marketing agency supposed to have derived its name from the colour of the walls of its first office
• Groupon – chief executive Andrew Mason used the derivation as his five-word acceptance speech at the 2011 Webby Awards ceremony: "It's short for group coupon." ^[73]
• Grundig – named after its founder, radio dealer-turned-manufacturer Max Grundig, in 1945
• Gucci – named after its founder, Guccio Gucci, who became familiar with high class luggage while working as a lift boy at the Savoy Hotel in London. He returned to Florence and started making travel bags and accessories, founding the House of Gucci in 1921. ^[74]
• Gulfstream Aerospace – named after the Gulf Stream current that starts in the Gulf of Mexico and crosses the Atlantic. The company traces its origins to the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, which was sold and renamed in 1985.
• Guylian – a portmanteau from the first names of company founder Guy Foubert and his wife Liliane Foubert. ^[75]

H

• H&M – named from Hennes &Mauritz. In 1947, Swedish businessman Erling Persson established Hennes, a ladies' clothing store, in Västerås, Sweden. "Hennes" is Swedish for "hers". In 1968, Persson bought the Stockholm premises and inventory of a hunting equipment store called Mauritz Widforss. The inventory included a collection of men's clothing, which prompted Persson to expand into menswear.
• H&R Block – after the founders, brothers Henry W. and Richard Bloch (with "Bloch" changed to "Block" to avoid mispronunciation)
• Häagen-Dazs – name was invented in 1961 by ice-cream makers Reuben and Rose Mattus of the Bronx "to convey an aura of the old-world traditions and craftsmanship" ^[76] The name has no meaning.
• Haier – Chinese 海 "sea" and 尔 (a transliteration character; also means "you" in Literary Chinese). Portion of transliteration of German Liebherr 利勃海尔.
• HAL Laboratory - video game developer; the name "HAL" was chosen because each letter "put [them] one step ahead of IBM". ^[77]
• Hanko Sushi – from "hanko", meaning both the Japanese hanko stamp and the city of Hanko where the restaurant chain was founded, and "sushi". ^[78]
• Harris Corporation – defense contractor and technology company that was founded as Harris Automatic Press Company in 1895, by Alfred S. Harris. Stayed in the printing industry until 1957, and then diversified into various defense-related industries including radio communications, avionics, and semiconductors.
• Happy Madison Productions – film and TV production company founded by Adam Sandler, its name is taken from the films Happy Gilmore and Billy Madison , two of his box office successes.
• Haribo – from the name of the founder and the German home town of the company: Hans Riegel, Bonn
• Harman Kardon – named after its founders Dr. Sidney Harman and Bernard Kardon
• Harpo Productions – production company founded by Oprah Winfrey; "Oprah" spelled backwards.
• Hartwall – named after the company's founder Victor Hartwall. ^[79]
• Harvey Norman – named after its founders Gerry Harvey and Ian Norman
• Hasbro – founded by Herman, Hillel, and Henry Hassenfeld, the Hassenfeld Brothers
• HBOS – UK-based banking company formed by the merger of the Halifax and the Bank of Scotland
• HDFC – Housing Development Finance Corporation, Indian mortgage company.
• Hesburger – from Hese, the nickname of the company's founder Heikki Salmela, and hamburger. ^[80]
• Hess Corporation – named after its founder Leon Hess
• Hispano-Suiza – former Spanish luxury automotive and engineering firm; its name – literally meaning "Spanish-Swiss" – refers to Spanish origin of the company and Swiss origin of its head engineer Marc Birkigt
• Hitachi – old place name, literally "sunrise"
• HMV – from "His Master's Voice", which appeared in 1899 as the title of a painting of Nipper, a Jack Russell terrier, listening to a gramophone
• Hoechst – from Höchst, the name of the Frankfurt quarter where the company was founded
• Honda – from the name of its founder, Soichiro Honda
• Honeywell – from the name of Mark Honeywell, founder of Honeywell Heating Specialty Co. It later merged with Minneapolis Heat Regulator Company and was finally called Honeywell Inc. in 1963.
• Hospira – name, selected by the company's employees, is derived from the words hospital, spirit, inspire and the Latin word spero, which means hope. It expresses the hope and optimism that are critical in the healthcare industry.
• Hotmail – founder Jack Smith got the idea of accessing e-mail via the web from a computer anywhere in the world. When Sabeer Bhatia came up with the business plan for the mail service he tried all kinds of names ending in 'mail' and finally settled for Hotmail as it included the letters "HTML" – the markup language used to write web pages. It was initially referred to as HoTMaiL with selective upper casing. (At one time, if you clicked on Hotmail's 'mail' tab, you would have seen "HoTMaiL" in the URL.) Hotmail addresses now use Microsoft's Outlook.com service.
• Hoyt Archery – Named after founder Earl Hoyt Sr.
• HP – co-founders Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard tossed a coin to decide whether their company would be called Hewlett-Packard or Packard-Hewlett. (Some sources say Hewlett won the toss, while others say Packard won and let Hewlett's name be first.) In November 2015, Hewlett-Packard split into two listed companies: HP Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise Co.
• HSBC – Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.
• HTC – contraction of its original corporate name, High Tech Computer Corporation.
• Huawei – Chinese 华 (hua) means "splendid" (literally "flowery beauty") or "China", and 为 (wei) means "action" or "achievement". Huawei as a whole may be translated as "splendid act" or "China is able".
• Hudson's Bay Company – in 1670, a Royal Charter granted the lands of the Hudson Bay watershed to "the Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson Bay." The company ceded the territory to Canada in 1870. ^[81]
• Hyundai – connotes the sense of "the present age" or "modernity" in Korean

I

• Iberia Airlines - named after the Iberian Peninsula.
• IBM – named by Tom (Thomas John) Watson Sr, an ex-employee of National Cash Register (NCR Corporation). To one-up them in all respects, he called his company International Business Machines.
• ICL – abbreviation for International Computers Limited, once the UK's largest computer company but now a service arm of Fujitsu, of Japan.
• IG Farben – Interessen-Gemeinschaft Farbenindustrie AG was so named because the constituent German companies produced dyestuffs among many other chemical compounds. The consortium is most known today for its central participation in the World War II Holocaust, as it made the Zyklon B gas used in the gas chambers.
• IGN Entertainment – IGN Entertainment is an online entertainment media outlet. Its name comes from its origin as a spin-off of Imagine Media and used to stand for Imagine Games Network. ^[82]
• Iiyama – manufacturer of monitors and TVs, named after the Japanese city, Iiyama
• IKEA – composite of the first letters in the Swedish founder Ingvar Kamprad's name in addition to the first letters of the names of the property and the village in which he grew up: Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd.
• IMI – Imperial Metal Industries, split off from Imperial Chemical Industries
• InBev – name was created after the merger of the Belgian company Interbrew with Brazilian Ambev
• Inditex – Spanish group named from Industria de Diseño Textil (Textile Design Industry).
• Infineon Technologies – derived from Infinity and Aeon. The name was given to Siemens' semiconductor branch (called Siemens HL or Siemens SC/SSC) when it was spun off.
• Ingenico – electronic payment device manufacturer based in Paris and named from the French Ingenieux Compagnie (Ingenious Company)
• Inktomi – internet search engine, acquired by Yahoo! in 2002; named after Iktomi, a spider-trickster spirit from Lakota Indian legends
• Intel – Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore initially incorporated their company as N M Electronics. Someone suggested Moore Noyce Electronics but it sounded too close to "more noise". Later, Integrated Electronics was proposed but it had already been taken, so they used the initial syllables (Integrated Electronics). To avoid potential conflicts with other companies with similar names, Intel purchased the name rights for $15,000 from a company called Intelco. (Source: Intel 15 Years Corporate Anniversary Brochure)
• ITC – established in 1910 as the Imperial Tobacco Company.

J

• J. C. Penney – from James Cash Penney, founder of the department store chain.
• J2TV – television and film production company formed by Malcolm in the Middle actor Justin Berfield and producer Jason Felts
• JAL – from Japan Airlines
• Jat Airways – founded in 1927 as "Aeroput" (Airway in Serbian). From 1947, it was known as JAT (Jugoslovenski Aero Transport). After the break-up of the former Yugoslavia (and after Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro), the company kept the name, Jat, but not as an abbreviation. Renamed to "Air Serbia".
• Jaquar – founded in 1960, named after Mehra Brother's grandmother's name Jai Kaur.
• Jawa Motors – from Janeček (the owner) and Wanderer (the motorcycle product)
• JBL – from James Bullough Lansing, an electronics designer. He left Altec Lansing (above), which was also in part named after him, and founded Lansing Sound to compete with his former employer. Altec Lansing complained about the similarity of the name, so he changed it to James B. Lansing Sound, and later to JBL.
• Johnson & Johnson – originally a partnership between brothers James Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson in 1885, the addition of brother Robert Wood Johnson I led to formal incorporation as Johnson & Johnson in 1887.
• Jordache – from the first names of the Nakash brothers who founded the company: Joe, Ralph, David (Ralph's first son), Avi, plus che, after the second syllable of "Nakash" ^[83]
• JVC – Japan Victor Company (Victor Company of Japan, Ltd) was founded in 1927 as a US subsidiary, The Victor Talking Machine Company of Japan, Limited. JVC developed the VHS video cassette format.

K

• Kalev – after Kalev, the character from Estonian mythology and father of the protagonist in the national epic Kalevipoeg ("Son of Kalev").
• Kamaz – after Kama River; long form Kamskiy avtomobilny zavod (Kama Automobile Plant)
• Kawasaki – from the name of its founder, Shozo Kawasaki
• KFC – short for Kentucky Fried Chicken
• Kenvelo – clothing retailer founded in the Czech Republic by Israel-born owner Dany Himi. Various names were proposed to managers, but some said "yes" and some "no". David Dahan came up with the name "yesandno" or Ken (yes), ve (and) lo (no) in Hebrew (כן ולא). ^[84]
• Kenwood Electronics – Bill Kasuga was a partner in a firm that imported Japanese-made audio products from Trio Corporation to the United States. Kasuga wanted to create a trustworthy and Western-sounding name for products sold by his importing company as he was confident of the quality of Trio's products in a period when Japanese-made goods were considered inferior. He came up with Kenwood by combining "Ken" – a name common to Japan and North America that had proven acceptable to American consumers in the name of Kenmore Appliances – and "wood", referring to the durable substance as well as suggesting a relation to Hollywood. Trio Corporation renamed itself Kenwood in 1986.
• Kenwood Limited – named after Kenneth (Ken) Wood, who founded this kitchenware company in the UK in 1947 with wartime colleague Roger Laurence as Woodlau Industries ^[85] It is not related to Kenwood Electronics, which started as Kasuga Radio Co in Japan in 1946 and became Trio Corporation in 1960.
• Kenworth Truck Company – named after the two principal stockholders Harry Kent and Edgar Worthington
• Kesko – Chosen primarily because the name did not mean anything generally known. ^[86]
• Keurig – from the Dutch word "keurig", meaning "decorous". Company co-founder John Sylvan said that once his coffee pod system worked, "he looked up the word 'excellence' in Dutch – because 'everyone likes the Dutch'." ^[87]
• Kia Motors – "Kia" (起亞) roughly translates as "Rising from Asia" in Hanja
• Kinko's – from the college nickname of founder, Paul Orfalea. He was called Kinko because he had curly red hair. The company was bought by FedEx for $2.4 billion in 2004 and renamed FedEx Office in 2008.
• Kioxia – from the Japanese word "kioku" (記憶) meaning "memory" and the Greek word "axia" (αξία) meaning "value". ^[88]
• Kmart – named for Sebastian S. Kresge, who opened the first Kmart in 1962 as a division of his S. S. Kresge Company. The company became Kmart Corporation in 1977. After purchasing Sears, Roebuck & Company in 2005, the merged company became Sears Holdings Corporation, with Kmart continuing as a discount store chain within the new structure.
• Kodak – both the Kodak camera and the name were the invention of founder George Eastman. The letter "K" was a favorite with Eastman; he felt it a strong and incisive letter. He tried out various combinations of words starting and ending with "K". He saw three advantages in the name. It had the merits of a trademark word, would not be mis-pronounced and the name did not resemble anything in the art. There is a misconception that the name was chosen because of its similarity to the sound produced by the shutter of the camera.
• Koei - Japanese for honor (光栄, Kōei)
• Komatsu – Japanese construction vehicle manufacturer named from the city of Komatsu, Ishikawa, where it was founded in 1917
• Kone – Means "machine" or "device" in Finnish.
• Konica – earlier known as Konishiroku Kogaku. Konishiroku in turn is the short for Konishiya Rokubeiten, which was the first name of the company established by Rokusaburo Sugiura in the 1850s.
• Korg – named from the surnames of the founders, Tsutomu Katoh and Tadashi Osanai, combined with the letters "rg" from the word "organ"
• KPMG – from the last names of the founders of the firms which combined to form the cooperative: Piet Klijnveld, William Barclay Peat, James Marwick, and Reinhard Goerdeler ^[89]
• Kroger – American supermarket chain named after its founder, Barney Kroger
• KUKA – founded in 1898 in Augsburg, Germany as Keller Und Knappich Augsburg, it shortened its name to KUKA. Today, it is a manufacturer of industrial robots and automation systems.
• Kyocera – from Kyoto Ceramics, after Kyoto in Japan

L

• L3 Technologies – founded as L-3 Communications, derived from the initials of founders Frank Lanza and Robert LaPenta and partner Lehman Brothers. Loral (below) sold its system integration and defense electronics businesses to Lockheed Martin (below), which spun them off the next year to become L-3 Communications, but Loral and Lockheed are not among the "L"s.
• L3Harris Technologies – from the merger of L3 Technologies and Harris Corporation (both above)
• LaCie – from the French phrase la cie, meaning "the company"
• Lada – from the name of a Slavic goddess, and used as a trading name by Russian automobile manufacturer AvtoVAZ (АВТОВАЗ in Russian). VAZ is derived from Volzhsky Automobilny Zavod.
• Lancôme – began in 1935, when its founder, Armand Petitjean, was exploring the ruins of a castle, Le Chateau de Lancôme (located in Loir-et-Cher) while vacationing in the French countryside. Petitjean's inspiration for the company's symbol, a rose, was the many wild roses growing around the castle.
• Lakmé – founded in 1952, named after the french opera Lakmé, which itself is french word for goddess Lakshmi who is renowned for her beauty.
• Lakson – a portmanteau of the family name "Lakhani" and "son"
• LCL – from Le Crédit Lyonnais
• Le Coq Sportif – French sports equipment manufacturer. The name is French for "the athletic rooster", hence its logo, a rooster. The Gallic rooster is a famed symbol of France.
• Lego – combination of the Danish "leg godt", which means to "play well". ^[90] Lego also means "I put together" in Latin, but Lego Group claims this is only a coincidence and the etymology of the word is entirely Danish. Years before the little plastic brick was invented, Lego manufactured wooden toys.
• Lenovo Group – portmanteau of "Le-" (from former name Legend) and "novo", pseudo-Latin for "new". This Chinese company took over IBM's PC division.
• Lesney Products – named from the founders Leslie Smith and Rodney Smith, who were school friends but not related. This British company made the Matchbox series of die-cast toys, similar to Dinky toys. ^[91]
• Level 3 Communications – "Level 3" is a reference to the network layer of the OSI model.
• Lexmark – in the 1980s, IBM wanted to spin off its printer and typewriter businesses. The main production facility for this business segment was in Lexington, Kentucky, and the code name for the spinoff was Lexington Marketing.
• LG – from the combination of two popular Korean brands, Lucky and GoldStar. (In Mexico, publicists explained the name change as an abbreviation to Linea GoldStar, Spanish for GoldStar Line)
• Lidl – Named after painter and retired schoolteacher Ludwig Lidl, from whom Dieter Schwarz, the son of company founder Josef Schwarz bought the rights to the name for 1,000 German marks. Schwarz originally wanted to use the name of his father's former business partner A. Lidl, but legal reasons prevented it. Schwarz did not want to name the company after himself as Schwarzmarkt means "black market" in German. ^{[92] [93]}
• Lionbridge – "localisation", which is the service this company offers, is often shortened to L10N. That is the first letter of the word and the last letter of the word, with 10 letters missing in between, hence L 10 N, which looks like lion. Bridge is the second part of the word as translation 'bridges' gap between people and markets that do not have a common language.
• Lionhead Studios – games studio named after Mark Webley's pet hamster, which died a week before the company was founded ^[94] Webley worked for Bullfrog, and co-founded Lionhead with Peter Molyneux, Tim Rance and Steve Jackson in July 1997. Microsoft bought the company in April 2006.
• Loblaws – Canadian supermarket chain named for founder Theodore Loblaw
• Lockheed Martin – aerospace and defense company, a combination of Lockheed Corporation named after its co-founder Allan Lockheed, and Martin Marietta, which was formed through the merger of Glenn L. Martin Company and American-Marietta Corporation, named for Marietta, Ohio.
• LoJack – "LoJack" (the stolen-vehicle recovery system) is a pun on the word "hijack" (to steal a vehicle).
• Longines – in 1862 the new company "Ancienne Maison Auguste Agassiz, Ernest Francillon, Successeur" was born. At that time watchmaking in the area used the skills of people working outside the "comptoir d'établissage", often at home. In 1866 Ernest Francillon bought two plots of land on the right bank of the river Suze at the place called "Les Longines" and brought all of the watchmaking skills under one roof. This was the first "Longines factory".
• Lonsdale – boxing equipment manufacturer named after the Lonsdale Belt, a boxing trophy donated by the English Lord Lonsdale.
• Loral – from the beginnings of the surnames of the cofounders, William Lorenz and Leon Alpert
• Louis Vuitton - Named after its founder Louis Vuitton Malletier when he found the company in the year 1854
• L'Oréal – in 1907, Eugène Schueller, a young French chemist, developed an innovative hair-color formula. He called his improved hair dye Auréole.
• LOT – LOT Polish Airlines. "Lot" in Polish means "flight".
• Lotus Software – Mitch Kapor named his company after the Lotus Position or 'Padmasana'. Kapor used to be a teacher of Transcendental Meditation technique as taught by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.
• LTV – initialism for Ling-Temco-Vought. James Ling founded Ling Electric Company in 1947. It merged with Temco Aircraft in 1960 and acquired Chance Vought in 1961 to become Ling-Temco-Vought. This then became a holding company with the subsidiaries LTV Aerospace, LTV Ling Altec (aka Altec Lansing, above), and LTV Electrosystems. In 1971, as part of an antitrust settlement, the name of the holding company was changed to LTV Corporation. By 1984, the company was primarily involved in steel production, and changed its name to LTV Steel, under which name it continued until it went out of business in 2000.
• LTX – semiconductor test equipment company formed by people who left Teradyne, and said to stand for "Leave Teradyne by Xmas" or possibly "Left Teradyne at Xmas" (Christmas). LTX merged with Credence Systems Corporation and is now part of Xcerra Corporation.
• Lucent Technologies – spin-off from AT&T, it was named Lucent (meaning "luminous" or "glowing with light") because "light as a metaphor for visionary thinking reflected the company's operating and guiding business philosophy", according to the Landor Associates staff who chose the name. ^[95] It was taken over by Alcatel to form Alcatel-Lucent in 2006.
• Ludicorp – named from the Latin lūdere (to play) ^[96] because the intention was to develop an online game, though co-founders Stewart Butterfield and Caterina Fake developed a successful photo-sharing website. They wanted to call it Flicker, but Fake dropped the "e" when the owner of Flicker.com wouldn't sell them the domain name. ^[97] Ludicorp sold Flickr to Yahoo in 2005. ^[98] The Oath division of Verizon sold Flickr to SmugMug in 2018. ^{[99] [100]}
• Lufthansa – founded as Deutsche Luft Hansa in 1926, ^[101] where "Deutsche Luft" means "German Air" and Hansa refers to the Hanseatic League of medieval guilds. It was renamed Lufthansa in 1933.
• Lukoil – from the first letters of the three companies that merged to form the Russian oil giant: Langepasneftegaz, Uraineftegaz, and Kogalymneftegaz, plus the English word "oil"
• LVMH – from the initials of the 1987 merger of Louis Vuitton and Moët Hennessy. The former was named after Louis Vuitton while the latter was created in the 1971 merger of two earlier companies, Moët & Chandon (champagne) and Hennessy (cognac). ^[102]
• Lycos – web search engine company founded in 1994 and named from Lycosidae, the family of wolf spiders ^[103]

M

• Maggi – food company named after its founder, Julius Maggi. It was taken over by Nestlé in 1947 and survives as a brand name.
• Mailchimp – the email marketing company was originally going to be called Chimpmail but the domain was taken, so co-founder Ben Chestnut switched it around. He told Inc magazine that his parents had had "a pet monkey in Thailand. And they always warned me never to have a pet monkey. So I had this mischievous monkey in my brain." ^[104]
• Malév – Hungary's national airline carrier. Its name comes from Magyar Légiközlekedési Vállalat – meaning Hungarian Air-traffic Company.
• MAN – abbreviation for Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg (Augsburg-Nuremberg Machine Company). The MAN company is a German engineering works and truck manufacturer.
• Mandriva – new company formed from the merger of Mandrake Linux and Connectiva Linux
• Manulife Financial – founded in 1887 as Manufacturing Life Insurance Company
• Marimekko – from the co-founder's middle name Maria and mekko, the Finnish word for dress
• Mars – named after Frank C. Mars and his wife, Ethel, who started making candy in 1911. Their son, Forrest E. Mars, joined with Bruce Murrie, the son of a Hershey executive, to form M&M Ltd (from Mars & Murrie). Forrest took over the family business after his father's death and merged the two companies in 1964. After retiring from Mars, Inc. in 1993, Forrest founded Ethel M. Chocolates, named after his mother.
• Masco Corporation – from the names of the founder Alex Manoogian, Screw and Company. Masco Screw Products Co. was founded in 1929.
• Mast-Jägermeister AG – named for founder Wilhelm Mast and its main product, Jägermeister (German for "hunt master") liqueur
• Matra – French acronym for Mécanique Aviation Traction ("aviation traction mechanics")
• Mattel – portmanteau of the founders names Harold "Matt" Matson and Elliot Handler
• Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH – German for "Maybach Engine Construction Company" – was named after Wilhelm Maybach and his son Karl Maybach, who founded it in 1909. The Maybach name continued as a brand of Daimler AG until the end of 2012.
• Mazda Motor Corporation – company was founded as Toyo Kogyo, started manufacturing Mazda brand cars in 1931, and changed its name to Mazda in 1984. The cars were supposedly named after Ahura Mazda, the chief deity of the Zoroastrians, though many think this explanation was created after the fact, to cover up what is simply a poor anglicized version of the founders name, Jujiro Matsuda.
• MBNA – originally a subsidiary of Maryland National Corporation, MBNA once stood for Maryland Bank, NA (NA itself standing for National Association, a federal designation representing the bank's charter).
• McDonald's – from the name of the brothers Dick McDonald and Mac McDonald, who founded the first McDonald's restaurant in 1940.
• MCI Communications – Microwave Communications, Inc. The company later merged with Worldcom to create MCI Worldcom. The MCI was dropped in 2000 and the acquiring company changed its name to MCI when it emerged from bankruptcy in 2003.
• McSweeney's – Dave Eggers' publishing ventures started with Timothy McSweeney's Quarterly Concern . This was named after mysterious letters that he collected as a child, "written by a man named Timothy McSweeney, who thought he was related to my mother". ^[105] (McSweeney was his mother's maiden name.)
• MEA - Middle East Airlines, an airline operating out of Beirut, Lebanon.
• Mercedes-Benz – formed from the first name of Mercédès Jellinek, the daughter of Emil Jellinek, who distributed cars of the early Daimler company around 1900, and the last name of Karl Benz, one of the owners of the Daimler-Benz company that the Daimler company merged into in 1926.
• Merillat Industries – named after Orville D. Merillat, who founded the company in 1946.
• Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) – film studio formed from the merger of three other companies: Metro Picture Corporation, Goldwyn Pictures Corporation, and Louis B. Mayer Pictures. Goldwyn Picture Corporation in turn was named after the last names of Samuel Goldfish, and Edgar and Archibald Selwyn.
• Metromedia – spun off by DuMont Laboratories as DuMont Broadcasting Corporation, it changed its name to Metropolitan Broadcasting Corporation to distance itself from DuMont. This was later changed to Metromedia.
• MFI – from Mullard Furniture Industries. The original company was named after the founder's wife, whose maiden name was Mullard.
• MG Cars – from Morris Garages after co-founder William Morris. Under Chinese ownership, the company says: "We want Chinese consumers to know this brand as 'Modern Gentleman'." ^[106]
• Microlins – from Microcomputers and Lins, a Brazilian city where the company was founded by José Carlos Semenzato
• Micron Technology – computer memory producer named after the microscopic parts of its products. It is now better known by its consumer brand name: Crucial.
• Microsoft – coined by Bill Gates to represent the company that was devoted to microcomputer software. Originally christened Micro-Soft, the '-' disappeared on 3 February 1987 with the introduction of a new corporate identity and logo. The "slash between the 'o' and 's' [in the Microsoft logo] emphasizes the "soft" part of the name and conveys motion and speed".^{[ citation needed ]}
• Midway Games – derived from the name of an airport on the southwestern part of Chicago.
• Miele – German based manufacturer of high-end domestic appliances, founded in 1899 by Carl Miele and Reinhard Zinkann.
• Mikkeller – From the names of the founders, Mikkel Borg Bjergsø and Kristian Klarup Keller.
• Mincom Limited – company initially created software to specifically assist mining companies and the name Mining computing.
• Minolta – founded in Osaka, Japan in 1928 as Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten (日独写真機商店; literally: Japan-Germany camera shop). It was not until 1934 that the name Minolta first appeared on a camera, the Minolta Vest. The name was given by founder Kazuo Tajima due to its similarity to the Japanese term "minoru ta" {稔る田} meaning "growing rice fields", which came from an ancient Japanese proverb that was a favorite of Tajima's mother meaning "the ripest ears of rice bow their heads lowest", and a desire from Tajima to run an innovative, yet humble business.
• MIPRO – stands for MIcrophone PROfessionals. MIPRO is a manufacturer of wireless microphones.
• MIPS – originally stood for Microprocessor without Interlocking Pipeline Stages. When interlocks where added to a later implementation, the name was redefined to not be an acronym but just a name. (The name also connotes computer speed, by association with the acronym for millions of instructions per second.)
• MITIE – acronym for Management Incentive Through Investment Equity
• Mitel – from Mike and Terry's Lawnmowers, after the founders Michael Cowpland (see also: Corel) and Terry Matthews, and the company's original business plan
• MITRE – Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Establishment ^{[107] [108] [109]} (however, the MITRE Corporation asserts that its name is not an acronym^{[ citation needed ]})
• Mitsubishi – name Mitsubishi (三菱) has two parts: "mitsu" means "three" and "hishi" (changing to "bishi" in the middle of the word) means "diamond shape". Hence, the three diamond logo.
• Mondelez International – American multinational snacks company spun off from Kraft Foods Inc. Kraft Foods said: "'Monde' derives from the Latin word for 'world,' and 'delez' is a fanciful expression of 'delicious'. In addition, 'International' captures the global nature of the business." ^[110]
• Moneris Solutions – Latin for "you (singular) are being protected" ^{[ citation needed ]}
• Morningstar, Inc. – name is taken from the last sentence in Walden, a book by Henry David Thoreau; "the sun is but a morning star"
• Motorola – founded in 1928 as the Galvin Manufacturing Company by two brothers, Paul V. and Joseph E. Galvin. It was renamed after its Motorola car radios became widely known. The "ola" ending was already in use, most famously for the "Victrola" phonograph made by the Victor Talking Machine Company.
• Mozilla Foundation – from the name of the web browser that preceded Netscape Navigator. When Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape, created a browser to replace the Mosaic browser, it was internally named Mozilla (Mosaic-Killer, Godzilla) by Jamie Zawinski. ^[111]
• Mozy – from the words "More Zetabytes for Your Mom". It was initially named "Breakaway Data Services for Your Mom," or "Bdsym".
• MRF – from Madras Rubber Factory, founded by K M Mammen Mappillai in 1946. He started with a toy-balloon manufacturing unit at Tiruvottiyur, Chennai (then called Madras). In 1952 he began manufacturing tread-rubber and, in 1961, tyres.
• MSI – Micro-Star International, commonly referred to as MSI
• Mr. Gatti's Pizza – Gatti was the maiden name of Pat Eure, wife of company founder Jim Eure.
• MTM Enterprises – from the initials of the co-founder, actress Mary Tyler Moore
• Musco Lighting – from the company's original location of Muscatine County, Iowa, where it still operates a large manufacturing facility
• MVC – from Music and Video Club, the name of a UK-based entertainment chain

N

• Nabisco – The National Biscuit Company changed its name to Nabisco in 1971.
• NAD Electronics – audio equipment manufacturer named for New Acoustic Dimension
• Napster – original music-sharing service was named after co-founder Shawn Fanning's hairstyle-based nickname
• Nayatel – from Naya (Urdu : نیا, lit.  'New') and Telecommunications.
• NCC – from Nordic Construction Company
• NCR Corporation – from National Cash Register
• NEC – from Nippon Electric Company
• Nero – Nero Burning ROM named after Nero burning Rome ("Rom" is the German spelling of "Rome").
• Nestlé – named after its founder, Henri Nestlé, who was born in Germany under the name "Nestle", which is German (actually, Swabian diminutive) for "bird's nest". The company logo is a bird's nest with a mother bird and two chicks.
• Netscape – originally the product name of the company's web browser ("Mosaic Communications Netscape Web Navigator"). The company adopted the product name after the University of Illinois threatened to sue for trademark infringement over the use of the Mosaic name. Netscape is the combination of network and landscape.^{[ citation needed ]}
• Nike – named for the Greek goddess of victory
• Nikon – original name was Nippon Kogaku, meaning "Japanese Optical"
• Nintendo – Nintendo is the transliteration of the company's Japanese name, nintendou (任天堂). The first (nin) can be translated as to "entrusted"; ten-dou means "heaven".
• Nissan – earlier known by the name Nippon Sangyo, which means "Japan Industries"
• Nokia – started as a wood-pulp mill, the company expanded into producing rubber products in the Finnish town of Nokia. The company later adopted the town's name.
• Nortel Networks – named from Nortel (Northern Telecom) and Bay Networks. The company was originally spun off from the Bell Telephone Company of Canada Ltd in 1895 as Northern Electric and Manufacturing, and traded as Northern Electric from 1914 to 1976.
• Northrop Grumman – from the merger of Northrop Corporation, the third company named after Jack Northrop, and Grumman Aerospace Corporation, named after Leroy Grumman.
• Novartis – after the Latin expression "novae artes" which means something like "new skills"
• Novell – The name was suggested by founder George Canova's wife, who mistakenly thought that "novell" meant "new" in French, although in reality nouveau (masculine) and nouvelle (feminine) are the French words for "new". ^[112]
• NTT – Nippon Telegraph & Telephone.
• Nucor - a portmanteau of its prior name, Nuclear Corporation of America. ^[113]
• Nvidia (stylized as NVIDIA) – comes from "invidia" in Roman mythology; the Latin word for "envy".

O

• OCZ – play on the word Overclockers ^[114]
• OKI – from its founder Oki Kibatarō
• Olympus – Japanese company founded as Takachiho Seisakusho in 1919, where Takachiho referred to Takama-ga-hara, the home of the gods in Japanese mythology. It was renamed Olympus Optical Co., Ltd in 1949, after Mount Olympus, the home of the gods in Greek mythology, and then Olympus Corporation in 2003. The company had been using Olympus as a brand name for optical products such as microscopes since 1921.
• Onkyo – translates as "sound harmony". The Japanese audio company was founded as Osaka Denki Onkyo K.K in 1946.
• Ooyala – the word "ooyala" (ఉయ్యల) means "cradle" in Telugu, as in a "cradle of innovation".
• Oracle – Larry Ellison, Ed Oates and Bob Miner worked on a consulting project, code-named Oracle, for the CIA. The project was designed to use the new SQL database language from IBM. When the project was terminated, they decided to finish what they started and market it. Later they changed the name of their company, Relational Software Inc., to the name of the product.
• Ornge – new name (2006) for Ontario Air Ambulance, chosen to reflect the orange color of its aircraft. It was intended to provide a unique branding but the ornge.com misspelling was already used by an advertising portal.
• Osram – from osmium and wolfram.
• Össur – from the name of the founder, Icelandic prosthetist Össur Kristinsson.

P

• Paccar – from Pacific Car and Rail
• PCCW – originally Pacific Century Development, the company's English name was changed from Pacific Century CyberWorks Limited to PCCW Limited on 9 August 2002. It owns Hong Kong Telecom.
• Pakwheels - from Pakistan and wheels
• Pamida – U.S. retailer co-founded by Jim Witherspoon and named after his three sons: Patrick, Michael and David. Following a merger in 2012, Pamida's 175 stores were rebranded as Shopko Hometown stores or closed.
• Panasonic – the giant Japanese electronics manufacturer was originally called Matsushita, after its founder, Kōnosuke Matsushita. In 2008, it was renamed Panasonic Corporation after the brand names it used for TV sales in the United States. National, its original global brand name, was not available in the United States and was abandoned. ^[115]
• Panda – from the "Panda Pop" chocolate bar introduced in the 1950s, featuring a stylised picture of a panda on the cover.
• PayPak – from Pay and Pakistan, serving as an indigenous payment service.
• Peek Freans – from the surnames of cofounders James Peek and George Frean
• Pemex – abbreviation of the full name of the state-owned Mexican oil/gasoline company, Petróleos Mexicanos (Spanish for Mexican Petroleum)
• Pennzoil – formed by a merger of South Penn Oil, a former Standard Oil subsidiary, and Zapata Oil
• Penske Corporation – transportation company founded in 1969 by US racing driver Roger Penske.
• Pepsi – named from the digestive enzyme pepsin
• Pernod Ricard – French drinks company formed in 1975 with the merger of eponymous rivals founded by Henri-Louis Pernod and Paul Ricard
• Petrobras – abbreviation of the Brazilian oil company's full name, Petróleo Brasileiro (Portuguese for Brazilian Petroleum)
• Peugeot – in 1810, Jean-Pierre and Jean-Frédéric Peugeot diversified their family-run grain mill into a steel foundry. In 1896, after a family squabble, Armand Peugeot founded the Société des Automobiles Peugeot to focus on cars. ^[116]
• Pez – from the first, middle and last letters of the German language word "Pfefferminz", meaning "peppermint" ^[117]
• Philco – from the Philadelphia Storage Battery Company. The pioneering U.S. radio and television manufacturer was taken over by Ford and later by Philips.
• Philips – Royal Philips Electronics was founded in 1891 by brothers Gerard (the engineer) and Anton (the entrepreneur) Philips
• Piaggio – Italian manufacturer of Vespa scooters and cars was named after its founder, Rinaldo Piaggio.
• Pioneer Corporation – In 1938, Nozomu Matsumoto, the son of a Christian missionary, founded Fukuin Shokai Denki Seisakusho ("Gospel Electric Works") to manufacture the A-8 loudspeaker, which he called "Pioneer". The company name was changed to the religiously neutral Pioneer Electronic Corporation in 1961, when it went public. In 1999, the company simplified its name by removing "Electronic". ^[118]
• Pixar – from pixel and the co-founder's name, Alvy Ray Smith. According to the biography "The Second Coming of Steve Jobs" by Alan Deutschman, the 'el' in pixel was changed to 'ar' because 'ar' is frequently used in Spanish verbs, implying the name means "To Pix". Alternatively, "pixarr" is a common abbreviation for "pixel array", an often used term in computer graphics programming.
• PMC-Sierra – PMC from Pacific Microelectronics Centre, a research arm of BC Tel, and Sierra from the company that acquired it, Sierra Semiconductor, presumably so named because of the allure of the Sierra Nevada mountains to members of a California-based company.
• Porsche – car company named after founder Ferdinand Porsche, an Austrian automotive engineer. The family name may have originated in the Czech name "Boreš" (boresh).
• POW! Entertainment – American media production company co-founded by former Marvel Comics editor and publisher Stan Lee in 2001. POW! is commonly used in comic book fights, but it is used as an acronym (or backronym) in the name POW! (Purveyors of Wonder) Entertainment, Inc. ^[119]
• Prada – an Italian high fashion house named after the founder Mario Prada, who founded Prada in Milan 1914
• PricewaterhouseCoopers – global professional services firm named as a result of the merger of Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand in 1998. It started trading as PwC in 2010 without changing its legal name.
• Procter & Gamble – named after the founders, William Procter, a candlemaker, and James Gamble, a soapmaker, who pooled their resources after marrying two sisters. The company was founded in Cincinnati in 1837. ^[120]
• ProfSat – Brazilian satellite-based education company, meaning Professional Sateliite
• Proton – the Malaysian car manufacturer's name is derived from Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional, which means National Automobile Enterprise in the Malay language.
• PRS Guitars – named after its founder, Paul Reed Smith.
• PS Audio – from the first initial of the company's two founders, Paul McGowan and Stan Warren
• Psion – UK computer company named by its founder, South Africa-born Dr David Potter, from Potter Scientific Instruments Or Nothing

Q

• Q8 – as the abbreviation for Kuwait Petroleum International, it is intended to be pronounced similarly to Kuwait
• Qantas – from its original name, Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services
• Qimonda – invented name, where the company says: "In Chinese, 'Qi', pronounced as 'ch-ee', stands for breathing and flowing energy, while 'monda' denotes 'world' in Latin-based languages. 'Qi', when pronounced as a hard 'k', suggests 'key to the world', a positive connotation." It filed for insolvency on 23 January 2009. ^[121]
• Quad – acronym for Quality Unit Amplified Domestic. Quad Electroacoustics was founded in 1936 by Peter Walker, and was formerly called the Acoustical Manufacturing Company.
• Quark – named after the subatomic particle. The word quark originates from Finnegans Wake by James Joyce.
• Qualcomm – Quality Communication
• Quora – faux plural of quorum , evocative of questions and answers ^[122]
• QVC – Quality, Value and Convenience

R

• Rabobank – Raiffeisen-Boerenleenbank (Dutch for "Farmers Loan Bank"), a combination of the two cooperatives that merged to form the company
• RAI – Italian public broadcaster; Radio Audizioni Italiane
• Raising Cane's Chicken Fingers – from "Raising Cane", a Labrador Retriever owned by chain founder Todd Graves when he opened his first restaurant in 1996 ^[123]
• RAND – Research ANd Development.
• Raytheon – "light of the gods"; maker of missiles such as Patriot, Maverick, Sidewinder and Tomahawk, among other military technology
• RCA – Radio Corporation of America
• Reckitt & Colman – named from the merger of Reckitt & Sons with J&J Colman in 1938. Colman's, best known for its mustard, was founded by Jeremiah Colman in 1814. Isaac Reckitt founded Reckitt & Sons in 1840. ^[124]
• Reckitt Benckiser – consumer goods giant named from the merger of Britain's Reckitt & Colman and the Dutch company Benckiser NV in December 1999. The latter was named after its founder, Johann Benckiser.
• Red Hat – while at college, company founder Marc Ewing was given the Cornell lacrosse team cap (with red and white stripes) by his grandfather. People would turn to him to solve their problems and he was referred to as "that guy in the red hat". By the time he wrote the manual of the beta version of Red Hat Linux he had lost the cap, so the manual included an appeal to readers to return his Red Hat if found.
• Reebok – alternate spelling of rhebok (Pelea capreolus), an African antelope
• Renault – French car manufacturer founded in 1899 as Société Renault Frères (French for Renault Brothers) by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand.
• REO Motor Car Company – car manufacturer founded in 1904 by Ransom E. Olds, and named from its founder's initials. Later, the rock band REO Speedwagon took its name from one of its trucks, the REO Speed Wagon.
• Repsol – name derived from Refinería de Petróleo de eScombreras Oil (Escombreras is an oil refinery in Cartagena, Spain) and chosen for its euphony when the, then, state-owned oil company was incorporated in 1986. Previously Repsol was a lubricating-oil trademark.
• Research in Motion – from the phrase "poetry in motion", which company founder Mike Lazaridis had seen used to describe a football player. The company changed its name to BlackBerry in 2013, after its most famous product.
• Rickenbacker – named after co-founder Adolph Rickenbacher, with the spelling anglicised. The company started as the Electro String Instrument Corporation in 1931.
• Ricola – from "Richterich & Compagnie Laufen" after the company founder Emil Richterich and the town of Laufen, Switzerland, where the company was founded.
• Rio Tinto – the Anglo-Australian multinational mining company's name comes from the Rio Tinto (Red River) in southwestern Spain, which has flowed red since mining began there about 5000 years ago, due to acid mine drainage.
• Roche – healthcare company named after its founder, Fritz Hoffmann-La Roche. ^[125] The compound surname was the result of Fritz Hoffmann marrying Adèle La Roche in 1895: it was a common practice in Switzerland at that time.
• Rohm – According to the company, the "r" stands for "resistors", as that is the original product the company sold. The ohm is the SI unit of electrical resistance. ^[126]
• Roku – from the Japanese word 六 (roku) meaning "six", because it was the sixth company started by Anthony Wood. ^{[127] [128]}
• Rolls-Royce – name used by Rolls-Royce plc and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, among others. In 1884 Frederick Henry Royce started an electrical and mechanical business, making his first car, a Royce, in 1904. He was introduced to Charles Stewart Rolls on 4 May that year. The pair entered into a partnership in which Royce would manufacture cars to be sold exclusively by Rolls, and the cars would be called Rolls-Royce.
• ROLM – named after the founders, Gene Richeson, Ken Oshman, Walter Loewenstern, and Robert Maxfield
• RSA Security – formed from the first letters of the family names of its founders Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir and Len Adleman

S

• Saab – founded in 1937 in Sweden as Svenska Aeroplan aktiebolaget (Swedish Aeroplane Company); the last word is typically abbreviated as AB, hence Saab and Saab Automobile AB
• SABC – South African Broadcasting Corporation
• Sabre – Semi-Automatic Business Research Environment
• SAIC – Science Applications International Corporation
• SAIC Motor – Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation
• Saku Brewery – after the Saku small borough, Estonia, where the company was founded
• Sam's Club – named after the founder, Sam Walton
• Samsonite – named from the Biblical character Samson , renowned for his strength
• Sams Publishing – named after Howard W. Sams, who founded the company in 1946. It is now an imprint of Pearson plc.
• Samsung – meaning "three stars" in Korean ^[129]
• Santander – Banco Santander was founded in Spain in 1857 and named after the port of Santander in the north of Spain. ^[130]
• Sanyo – meaning "three oceans" in Japanese. The company was taken over by Panasonic in 2009 and the Sanyo brand name is no longer used.
• SAP – SystemAnalyse und Programmentwicklung (German for "System analysis and program development"), a company formed by five ex-IBM employees who used to work in the 'Systems/Applications/Projects' group of IBM. Later, SAP was redefined to stand for Systeme, Anwendungen und Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung (Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing).
• SAS – Scandinavian Airlines System, the flag airline carrier of Sweden, Norway and Denmark
• SAS Institute – originally an abbreviation for Statistical Analysis System
• Sasol – Suid-Afrikaanse Steenkool en Olie. (Afrikaans for South African Coal and Oil)
• Saudi Aramco – Aramco name was derived in 1944 when California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc) changed its name to Arabian American Oil Company. The Saudi government purchased the company in 1980, and changed its name to Saudi Arabian Oil Company or Saudi Aramco in 1988. ^[131]
• Sazgar – from Saz (Urdu : ساز, lit.  'Instrument') and Gar (Urdu : گار, lit.  'Doer'), both loaned from Persian.
• Selver – from Estonian "selvehall" ("self-service market"), an earlier Estonian word for a "supermarket", and the noun suffix -r.
• SCB – from Standard Chartered Bank. The name Standard Chartered comes from the two original banks from which it was founded – the Chartered Bank of Sri Lanka, Australia and China, and the Standard Bank of British South Africa.
• Schick – manufacturer of shaving razors and blades, named after the inventor Jacob Schick ^[132]
• SCO – from Santa Cruz Operation. The company's office was in Santa Cruz, California. It eventually formed Tarantella, Inc. and sold off its operating system division to Caldera Systems, which is based in Utah. Caldera Systems changed its name to Caldera International and then to the SCO Group (at which point SCO no longer stood for anything).
• SEAT – an acronym from Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo (Spanish Corporation of Touring Cars)
• Sealed Air – from the "sealed air" found in its most notable product, Bubble Wrap
• Sears, Roebuck – named after its founders Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck in 1886, and taken over by Kmart in 2005. Sears Holdings now owns both Sears and Kmart.
• Sega – Service Games of Japan was founded by Marty Bromley (an American) to import pinball games to Japan for use on American military bases.
• Seiko – Seiko, now referred to in katakana as セイコー("seiko"), was originally named in kanji as 精工(also "seiko"). The two characters were taken from the phrase 「精巧で精密な時計の生産に成功する工場」, the company's vision which roughly translates to "a factory（工場:kojyo）that successfully（成功:seiko）produces（生産:seisan）exquisit（精巧:seiko）and precise（精密:seimitsu）watches". – According to Seiko's official company history, titled A Journey in Time: The Remarkable Story of Seiko (2003), Seiko is a Japanese word for "exquisite" or "minute" (both spelled 精巧), as well as a word for "success" (spelled 成功).
• Sennheiser – named after one of its founders, Fritz Sennheiser.
• SFM Entertainment – initials of the cofounders, Walter Staab, Robert Frank, and Stanley Moger
• SGI – Silicon Graphics Inc.
• Sharp – Japanese consumer electronics company named from its first product, an ever-sharp pencil
• Shell – Royal Dutch/Shell was established in 1907, when the Royal Dutch Petrol Society Plc. and the Shell Transport and Trading Company Ltd. merged their operations. The Shell Transport and Trading Company Ltd had been established at the end of the 19th century by commercial firm Samuel & Co (founded in 1830). Samuel & Co was already importing Japanese shells when it set up an oil company, so the oil company was named after the shells.
• Siemens – founded in 1847 by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske. The company was originally called Telegraphen-Bau-Anstalt von Siemens & Halske.
• Sierra Entertainment – after the Sierra Nevada mountain range near the company's premises in Oakhurst, California. ^[133]
• Silja Line – from the main character of the 1956 Finnish film Silja – nuorena nukkunut  ^{[ fi ]}, which the company thought sounded nice. ^[134]
• Sinclair Broadcast Group – American telecommunications conglomerate named after its founder Julian Sinclair Smith
• Six Apart – company co-founders Ben and Mena Trott were born six days apart in September 1977. In 2011, the company was taken over by Infocom, a Japanese IT company. ^[135]
• Skanska – Swedish construction company named from Aktiebolaget Skånska Cementgjuteriet (Scania Cement Casting Ltd)
• SKF – from Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB (Swedish ball bearing factory) founded in 1907; see also Volvo
• Škoda Auto – car company was founded in 1895 and originally named Laurin & Klement after its founders, Vaclav Laurin and Vaclav Klement. It was taken over by Škoda Works, an industrial conglomerate, in 1924, and adopted the Škoda name from Emil Škoda. Škoda Auto was split off after World War II and is now part of Volkswagen.
• Skyline Chili – from the view of the Cincinnati skyline that founder Nicholas Lambrinides could see from the chain's now-demolished first restaurant.
• Skype – original concept for the name was Sky-Peer-to-Peer, which morphed into Skyper, then Skype. ^[136] The company was taken over by Microsoft in May 2011.
• Smart – Swatch + Mercedes + Art ^[137]
• Smeg, Smalterie Metallurgiche Emiliane Guastalla (metal enamelling of Guastalla, Emilia) ^[138]
• Smilebit – former Sega development studio named from what they hope to make you do (smile), and the smallest unit of computer information (bit). The company developed Jet Set Radio.
• SNK – Shin Nihon Kikaku, Japanese for "Plans for a New Japan"
• Sokos – from SOK, an abbreviation for "Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta" (Central association for Finnish co-operatives) but with "-os" added to the end to make it a palindrome and thus sound nicer. ^[139]
• Sony – from the Latin word "sonus" meaning sound, and "sonny", a slang word used by Americans to refer to a bright youngster, "since we were sonny boys working in sound and vision", said Akio Morita. The company was founded as Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo KK (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation) in 1946, and changed its name to Sony in 1958. Sony was chosen as it could be pronounced easily in many languages.
• Sopwith Aviation Company – named after its founder, Thomas Sopwith.
• Sorcim – "Micros" backwards. Sorcim was the original publisher of the SuperCalc spreadsheet in 1980. It was taken over by Computer Associates.
• SPAR – originally DE SPAR, from Door Eendrachtig Samenwerken Profiteren Allen Regelmatig (Dutch, meaning "All will benefit from united co-operation"). "De spar" in Dutch translates as "the fir tree", hence the fir tree logo. As the company expanded across Europe, the name was shortened by dropping the article, "DE". ^[140]
• SpaceX – short for Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
• Sperry – company founded by Elmer Ambrose Sperry (1860–1930), originally as Sperry Gyroscope Company. Sperry took over Univac, and eventually was itself taken over by Burroughs. The merged companies became Unisys, from United Information Systems.
• Spiratone – from the last name of founders Fred and Hans Spira. The company was founded as Spiratone Fine Grain Laboratories. The "tone" suffix was common in the photographic industry (an example cited by Fred is Royaltone) at the time of the company's founding in the 1940s.
• Sprint – from its parent company, Southern Pacific Railroad Internal Communications. At the time, pipelines and railroad tracks were the cheapest place to lay communications lines, as the right-of-way was already leased or owned.
• SRAM Corporation – bicycle component manufacturer named from its founders Scott King, Stanley Ray Day, and Sam Patterson
• SRI International – from Stanford Research Institute, established by the trustees of Stanford University, California
• SSH Communications Security – from the company's principal product, SSH (Secure Shell).
• SSL – former initialism for Space Systems/Loral, the result of Loral (above) acquiring Ford Aerospace's Space Systems Division
• Stanley Works – name created to reflect the merger of Stanley's Bolt Manufactory of New Britain, Connecticut (founded by Frederick Trent Stanley) and the Stanley Rule and Level Company (founded by his cousin Henry Stanley)
• Starbucks – named after Starbuck, a character in Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick , also a variation of Starbo; at the time, a local mining camp north of Seattle. ^[141]
• Stellantis – automotive manufacturer domiciled in the Netherlands; derived from the Latin verb stello meaning "to brighten with stars".
• Stellent – coined from a combination of the words stellar and excellent.
• Stora Enso – from the merger of Swedish Stora AB and Finnish Enso Oyj, ultimately deriving from "Stora Kopparberg" (Swedish for "great copper mountain", referring to the Falun Mine) and Enso, the Finnish name for the city of Svetogorsk in Russia.
• Sturm, Ruger – from its founders, Alexander McCormick Sturm and William B. Ruger.
• STX – pronounced as the word "sticks" because, when first founded, STX manufactured only lacrosse sticks
• Subaru – from the Japanese name for the constellation known to Westerners as Pleiades or the Seven Sisters. Subaru's parent company, Fuji Heavy Industries, was formed from a merger of six companies, and the constellation is featured on the company's logo.
• Sumazi – social data intelligence company named after its Bangladeshi-American founder Sumaya Kazi.
• Sun Microsystems – its founders designed their first workstation in their dorm at Stanford University, and chose the name Stanford University Network for their product, hoping to sell it to the college. They did not. The company was taken over by Oracle Corporation in 2010.
• SuSE – from Software und System-Entwicklung (software and system development). The company was bought by Novell for its Linux distribution.
• Suunto – from the Finnish word suunta , meaning "direction" or "path", or in navigation, "bearing" or "heading".
• Suzuki – automotive giant named after its founder, Michio Suzuki. The company started as Suzuki Loom Works in Japan in 1909, and entered the motorcycle market in the early 1950s. It changed its name to Suzuki Motor Co., Ltd in 1954.

T

• Taco Bell – named after founder Glen Bell
• TAG Group (Holdings) S.A. – Luxembourg-based holding company named from Techniques d'Avant Garde
• TAG Heuer – watch-maker named after Edouard Heuer, who founded Uhrenmanufaktur Heuer AG in Switzerland in 1860 ^[142] It was taken over by TAG Group (Holdings) S.A. in 1985 and branded TAG Heuer in 1999. It is now owned by the LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy) conglomerate.
• Talgo – from "Tren Articulado Ligero Goicoechea-Oriol" (Spanish for "Goicoechea-Oriol Light Articulated Train"), Goicoechea and Oriol being the founders of the company.
• Tallink – from the Estonian capital Tallinn and the word "link" as the company links Tallinn with other cities by the sea.
• Tama Drums – Tama was the name of the owner's wife, and means "jewel" in Japanese.
• TAM Airlines – named from Transportes Aéreos Marília (Marilia's Air Transport). Marília is a city in São Paulo state, Brazil
• TAP Portugal – from "Transportes Aéreos Portugueses" (Portuguese Air Transport).
• Targray – a portmanteau of founder Thomas Andrew Richardson's initials and his mother's maiden name. (Gray)
• Taser International – named after a fictional weapon, Thomas A. Swift's Electric Rifle, after the novel Tom Swift and His Electric Rifle by Victor Appleton. The company was incorporated in Arizona in 1993 by brothers Rick and Tom Smith as Air Taser, Inc. ^[143]
• Tata Group – Indian conglomerate founded in 1868 by Jamsetji Tata.
• Taxan – made-up name chosen partly because Takusan is a Japanese word for many or much and was considered propitious, but mainly because the head of the company, in the U.S. at the time, Tak Shimizu was known by everyone as Tak-san.
• TCBY – originally, the company's name was "This Can't Be Yogurt", but a lawsuit from a competitor named "I Can't Believe It's Yogurt!" forced TCBY to create a new backronym for its initials: "The Country's Best Yogurt".
• TCL – from Today China Lion. Derived from literal translation of "今日中国雄狮" from Chinese to English.
• TDK Corporation – from Tokyo Denki Kagaku (Tokyo Electronics and Chemicals)
• Teerenpeli – means the courtship of the black grouse in Finnish, and the term is also used for flirting between people. ^[144]
• Telstra – Telecom Australia was the former name
• Temco Aircraft – Texas Engineering & Manufacturing Company
• Textron – this U.S. defense conglomerate was founded as the Special Yarns Corporation in 1923 and later traded as Atlantic Rayon Corporation, when its main business was parachutes. After World War II, it moved into lingerie and other consumer goods, and needed a new name. The company history says: "Atlantic Rayon's advertising agency suggested Señorita Creations, but it was rejected in favor of Textron. The 'Tex' was derived from textiles and the 'tron' came from synthetics such as Lustron." ^[145] Textron bought Bell Aerospace and the Cessna Aircraft Company, among many others.
• TEPCO – Tokyo Electric Power Company
• Tesco – founder Jack Cohen, who sold groceries in the markets of the London East End from 1919, acquired a large shipment of tea from T. E. Stockwell. He made new labels by using the first three letters of the supplier's name and the first two letters of his surname.
• Tesla – Named after Serbian electrical engineer and physicist, Nikola Tesla. ^{[146] [147] [148]} The Tesla Roadster uses an AC motor descended directly from Nikola Tesla's original 1882 design. ^[149]
• Teva Naot – The outdoors shoe company is named after the Hebrew word "טֶבַע" meaning "nature" and the company's founding group, the kibbutz of Neot Mordechai.
• Texaco – from The Texas Company U.S.A. ^[150]
• THX – from Tomlinson Holman Crossover, the name of the technology's inventor and the audio technology of a "crossover" amplifier. It may be a backronym, as the technology was created by George Lucas's then-company, Lucasfilm, and he directed THX 1138 .
• THY – Turkish Airlines. THY is the abbreviation of Türk Hava Yolları, which means Turkish Air Ways in Turkish.
• TIBCO Software – The Information Bus Company. The company was founded by Vivek Ranadive as Teknekron Software Systems in 1985.
• Tim Hortons – Canadian fast food doughnut, sandwich and coffee shop named after founder and hockey player Tim Horton . In Canada Tim Hortons is nicknamed "Tim's" and "Timmy's"; in America, the chain is nicknamed "Timmy Ho's". The name was changed from Tim Horton's, dropping the apostrophe, to preclude legal action in Quebec where businesses are obliged to use French language names. ^[151]
• Thomas Nationwide Transport and TNT Express – Thomas Nationwide Transport, an Australian company which was acquired by the Dutch postal company in 1996. The postal company renamed itself TNT N.V. in 2005. In 2011, TNT N.V. demerged; the express delivery company took the name TNT Express while the postal company renamed itself PostNL.
• Toshiba – named from the merger of consumer goods company Tokyo Denki (Tokyo Electric Co) and electrical firm Shibaura Seisaku-sho (Shibaura Engineering Works).
• Toyota – from the name of the founder, Sakichi Toyoda. Initially called Toyeda, it was changed after a contest for a better-sounding name. The new name was written in katakana with eight strokes, a number that is considered lucky in Japan.
• Trader Joe's – named after the grocery store's founder, Joe Coulombe
• Trillium – the result of mishearing the suggestion of the name "Trillian" (from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy ) as "trillium", the name of a flower, and deciding they liked the sound and symbolism of that
• Troller – Brazilian adaptation of the English word Troll, which refers to a character of the Scandinavian legends that dwells forests and caves of Norway.
• Tronc – In 2016, US-based media corporation Tribune Publishing changed its name to Tronc – short for Tribune online content. ^[152] In 2018, the company changed it back. ^[153]
• Triang – operating name for Lines Bros Ltd, which was founded by William, Walter and Arthur Edwin Lines. Three Lines make a triangle
• TSMC – Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, an independent chip foundry founded in Taiwan in 1987.
• Tucows – acronym for The Ultimate Collection Of Winsock Software. ^[154]
• Tungsram – derived from Tungsten + Wolfram, two variations of the name of the main raw material of the lamp production.
• TVR – derived from the first name of the company founder TreVoR Wilkinson
• TWA – derived from Trans World Airlines. Before the airline opened up its first international route from New York to Paris in the 1950s, it was a domestic operation that focused on serving Los Angeles and San Francisco from New York, operating under the name Transcontinental and Western Air. Keeping the initials and rebranding as a global airline was a stroke of marketing continuity genius.
• Twinings – named after founder Thomas Twining, who set up a tea-shop on the Strand in London in 1706. ^[155]
• Twitter – having rejected the name Twitch for their social networking service, co-founder Jack Dorsey says: "we looked in the dictionary for words around it and we came across the word 'twitter' and it was just perfect. The definition was 'a short burst of inconsequential information', and 'chirps from birds'. And that's exactly what the product was." ^[156]

U

• UBS – named from the initials of the Union Bank of Switzerland, which merged with the Swiss Bank Corporation (SBC) in 1998. The initials no longer stand for anything, says the company, ^[157] possibly because "United Bank of Switzerland" might be confused with the United Bank's subsidiary, United Bank Switzerland.
• Ubisoft – founded in 1986. The name Ubisoft was selected to represent Ubiquitous Software.
• Umbro – Umbro was founded in 1924 by the Humphrey (Umphrey) Brothers, Harold C. and Wallace.
• Unilever – name created to reflect the merger of Margarine Unie and Lever Brothers, agreed in 1929. Lever Brothers was named after its founders, William Hesketh Lever and his brother, James.
• UNIMED – Brazilian cooperative of physicians, meaning União de Medicos (Physicians' Union)
• Unisys – from United Information Systems, the new name for the company that resulted from the merging of two old mainframe computer companies, Burroughs and Sperry [Sperry Univac/Sperry Rand]. It united two incompatible ranges. The newborn Unisys was briefly the world's second-largest computer company, after IBM.
• Unocal Corporation – the Union Oil Company of California, founded in 1890
• UPS – United Parcel Service of America, Inc.
• UUNET – one of the industry's oldest and largest Internet Service Providers, named from UNIX-to-UNIX Network

V

• Vaisala – Finnish company named after its founder, Professor Vilho Väisälä
• Vale - formerly Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (the Sweet River Valley Company, referring to the Doce River), is the largest producer of iron ore and nickel in the world.
• Valero Energy Corporation – from Misión San Antonio de Valero, the Spanish-language name of the mission in the company's home city better known as The Alamo
• Valio – Finnish for "elite". The company was originally named "Voinvienti-osuusliike Valio" ("Butter export limited company Valio"). The name was chosen to evoke a connotation to the high quality of exported butter. Only dairies producing first-quality butter were chosen. ^[158]
• Valtra – from Valmet Tractors, where Valmet is the name of a Finnish state-owned company (originally "Valtion Metallitehtaat" – English: "State Metalworks")
• Valve – game development company who uses a valve as symbolism, as in a lever which makes the flow of ideas readily accessible
• Varig – Brazilian airline, its name is an abbreviation of Viação Aérea Rio-Grandense, because it was founded in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
• Verizon – portmanteau of veritas (Latin for truth) and horizon.
• Verkkokauppa.com – directly from the company's official URL. "Verkkokauppa" translates to "Internet store" in Finnish.
• Victorinox – derived from the name of the founder's mother, Victoria, and a French abbreviation for stainless steel, inox. Known for their Swiss army knife.
• Viking Line – from the prefix "Viking" appearing in the names of all the ships of Rederi Ab Sally, Viking Line's predecessor company.
• Virb – play on "verb", representing an action word in order to describe the product's users as "people who create" ^[159]
• Virgin – founder Richard Branson started a magazine called Student while still at school. In his autobiography, Losing My Virginity, Branson says that when they were starting a business to sell records by mail order, "one of the girls suggested: 'What about Virgin? We're complete virgins at business.'"
• VMware – Virtual Machine [soft]ware
• Vodafone – from Voice, Data, Telefone. Vodafone made the UK's first mobile call at a few minutes past midnight on 1 January 1985. ^[160]
• Volkswagen – from the German for "people's car". Ferdinand Porsche wanted to produce a car that was affordable for the masses – the Kraft-durch-Freude-Wagen (or "Strength-Through-Joy car", from a Nazi social organization) later became known, in English, as the Beetle.
• Volvo – from the Latin word "volvo", which means "I roll". It was originally a name for a ball bearing being developed by SKF (Svenska Kullagerfabriken AB or, in English, Swedish ball bearing factory).
• Vought – American series of aircraft companies. Chance M. Vought and Birdseye Lewis founded the Lewis and Vought Corporation in 1917. Lewis retired, and the original company was succeeded by the Chance Vought Corporation in 1922. That was acquired by James Ling in 1962 to add to his conglomerate, forming Ling-Temco-Vought (LTV, above); Vought's businesses were continued under the subsidiary LTV Aerospace, split into Vought Missiles and Space and Vought Aeronautics. In 1972, the two divisions were merged to create Vought Systems. LTV Aerospace was then renamed back to Vought Corporation in 1976, and then restructured back to LTV Aerospace and Defense in 1983—again split into aircraft vs. missiles. In 1992, Loral bought the missile division, while Northrop and The Carlyle Group bought the aerospace division. Northrop's successor Northrop Grumman bought out Carlyle's interest in 1994, and Carlyle bought it all back in 2000 to create Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc., which they sold in 2010 to the Triumph Group to create Triumph Aerostructures – Vought Aircraft Division.

W

• Wachovia – from the Latin version of the German Wachau , the name given to a region in North Carolina by Moravian settlers because it reminded them of the Austrian valley of Wachau, through which the Danube River flows. Wachovia Bank was founded in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, which is located in the region. ^[161]
• Waitrose – upmarket UK supermarket chain originally named after the founders, Wallace Waite, Arthur Rose and David Taylor. The "Taylor" was later dropped.
• Walgreens – named after founder Charles R. Walgreen Sr. ^[162]
• Walmart – named after the founder, Sam Walton
• Walt Disney Company – named for its co-founder Walt Disney
• Wang Laboratories – from the name of the founder, An Wang, the inventor of core memory.
• Weatherby – Named after founder Roy Weatherby.
• Wells Fargo – from the founders of the original Wells Fargo company, Henry Wells and William G. Fargo. When Norwest Corporation purchased Wells Fargo in 1998, it chose to retain the Wells Fargo name.
• Wendy's – Wendy was the nickname of founder Dave Thomas' daughter Melinda.
• Weta FX – special effects company co-founded by The Lord of the Rings director Peter Jackson. Wētā are a group of about 70 species of insect found in New Zealand, where Weta FX is based.
• WHSmith – founded by Henry Walton Smith and his wife Anna in London, England, in 1792. They named their small newsagent's shop after their son William Henry Smith, who was born the same year.
• Williams Sonoma – founded by Chuck Williams in Sonoma, California.
• Wi-Tribe – from Wi-Fi and Tribe
• Wolfram Research – named after computer scientist Stephen Wolfram, who founded the company in 1987 before launching Mathematica software in 1988 ^[163]
• Wonderware – from Wonderful Software – Wonderware was the project code name for the company prior to its launch. Upon making the company a legal entity, the code name was retained as the company name.
• Worlds of Wonder – founder Don Kingsborough wanted an eyecatching stock symbol, and Worlds of Wonder provided WOW. The company went bankrupt in 1988.
• WPP – global advertising and marketing company founded by Martin Sorrell in 1985. He bought an existing listed company, Wire & Plastic Products PLC, to use as a shell. ^[164]
• WWE – from the company's legal name of World Wrestling Entertainment, adopted in 2002; it began using the initialism as its trading name in 2011. The previous name of World Wrestling Federation (WWF), used since 1979, was changed after a court case brought by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), which is now called the World Wide Fund for Nature.

X

• Xerox – named from xerography, a word derived from the Greek xeros (dry) and graphos (writing). The company was founded as The Haloid Company in 1906, launched its first XeroX copier in 1949, and changed its name to Haloid Xerox in 1958. ^[165]
• Xiaomi – Xiaomi is the Chinese word for "millet".
• XIX Entertainment – XIX is 19 in Roman numerals, so the company is named indirectly after Paul Hardcastle's single 19, and directly derived from 19 Entertainment – see above.
• Xstrata – name for a Swiss global mining and extraction company, formerly known as Sudelektra. The name is derived from the terms "extraction" and "strata" (sedimentary levels). The name was created in 1999 by John Lloyd of the design consultancy, Lloyd Northover.
• XTO Energy – founded in 1986 as Cross Timbers Oil Company, it went public under the stock ticker XTO, and changed its name to XTO Energy Inc in 2001. It is now owned by ExxonMobil. ^[166]

Y

• Yahoo! – word Yahoo was invented by Jonathan Swift and used in his book Gulliver's Travels . It represents a person who is repulsive in appearance and barely human. Yahoo! founders David Filo and Jerry Yang jokingly considered themselves yahoos. It is also an interjection sometimes associated with United States Southerners' and Westerners' expression of joy, as alluded to in Yahoo.com commercials that end with someone singing the word "yahoo". It is also sometime jokingly referred to by its backronym, Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle. ^[167]
• Yakult – official claims state that the name is derived from jahurto, an older form of jogurto, the Esperanto word for "yogurt". However, it has also been claimed that the name is derived from the fact that the product was developed from ancient Mongolian practices of culturing yak's milk in a sack made from a yak's stomach – the combination of Yak and Culture in English giving the product name as "Yakult".
• Yamaha – after Torakusu Yamaha, who founded the company as Nippon Gakki Seizō Kabushiki Gaisha (Japan Musical Instrument Manufacturing Corporation) in 1897 after repairing a reed organ. The name was changed to Yamaha Corporation on 1 October 1987. ^[168]
• YKK – zipper manufacturer named from Yoshida Kogyo Kabushikikaisha (Yoshida Company Limited) after the founder, Tadao Yoshida. The letters YKK were stamped onto the zippers' pull tabs.
• Yoplait – from the merger of Yola and Coplait in 1965 ^[169]

Z

• Zamzar – based on the main character Gregor Samsa (Gregor Samsa) from Franz Kafka's story The Metamorphosis . Kafka describes a young man who is transformed whilst sleeping into a monstrous verminous bug. A version of the man's name was used as the basis for the company name because of its powerful association with change and transformation. ^[170]
• Zend Technologies – contraction derived from the names of Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, the two founders
• Zero Corporation – Founded by Herman Zierold as Zierold Metal Corporation, it is the parent company of Zero Halliburton. In 1952, when then owner Jack Gilbert noticed that many of the company's customers mispronounced and misspelled "Zierold" as "Zero", he changed the name of the company to Zero Manufacturing. ^[171]
• Zetor – from "zet", the Czech spelling of the letter Z, the first letter of the name of the arms factory Zbrojovka, and "tractor". ^[172]
• ZF Group – car parts manufacturer named from Zahnradfabrik, the German for Gear Factory.
• Zimmer – named after Justin O. Zimmer, who co-founded the medical equipment company in Warsaw, Indiana, in 1927. ^[173]
• Zippo – Founder George G. Blaisdell liked the sound of the word "zipper", and "zippo" sounded more modern. ^[174]
• Zomato – founded in 2008. The word Zomato is derived from Tomato, rhymes with the word Tomato, and has a zing to it which adds to the brand recall. ^[175]
• Zuse – pioneering German computer company named after its founder, Konrad Zuse (1910–1995). He built his first computer in his parents' living room at the end of the 1930s. Zuse was taken over by Siemens AG. The name is now supposedly echoed by SuSE (Software und System-Entwicklung: "Software and system development").
• Zynga – named after founder Mark Pincus's American bulldog, Zinga ^[176]

See also

• List of companies named after people
• List of oldest companies
• Lists of etymologies
• Orphan initialism
• Rebranding

References

1. "Simon Fuller". TV Guide.
2. UCLA Film & Television Archive – Collections – Twentieth Century-Fox Archived 3 January 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Cinema.ucla.edu. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
3. Google-Launches DNA Test!, 23 January 2008, date accessed 27 April 2008
4. >> 33 > What's in a Name? Archived 27 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine . 37signals. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
5. "Two big announcements". 37signals.com.
6. Investor Information | Investor FAQs. 3Com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
7. History. Solutions.3m.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
8. "7-Eleven History". 7-Eleven. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
9. Archival Collection Archived 24 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Unitproj.library.ucla.edu. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
10. "A&W Root Beer - Explore our roots". www.rootbeer.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2007.
11. The Long View: Putting An Accent On the Future Archived 14 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Accenture.com (1 January 2001). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
12. "News – Business Weekly – Technology News – Business news – Cambridge and the East of England". businessweekly.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
13. "Company History – Adecco – the world leader in human resource solutions". Archived from the original on 28 December 2008.
14. History Archived 7 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Adidas-group.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
15. "Adobe Fast Facts" (PDF). adobe.com.
16. "Miljardenbedrijf Adyen maakt hoge verwachtingen voorlopig waar". NOS. 22 August 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
17. "ROYAL AHOLD, Annual and Transition Report (foreign private issuer) Form 20-F, Filing Date Apr 12, 1999". secdatabase.com. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
18. – Akai. Synthmuseum.com (14 November 2006). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
19. Hawaiian Dictionaries. Wehewehe.olelo.hawaii.edu (27 April 2009). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
20. 11 August 1999 – "Akamaize" Adopted into Technology Lexicon. Akamai.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
21. Akzo Nobel. "Page not found – AkzoNobel Global". akzonobel.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2008.{{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help)
22. Alcatel History Archived 11 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
23. About Alcoa: Trademark History. Alcoa. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
24. Grocer, Stephen (7 May 2014). "Alibaba's IPO Filing: Everything You Need to Know" . The Wall Street Journal .
25. AMC Theatres Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine . AMC Theatres (16 March 2009). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
26. DeMaria and Wilson (2003) ""High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games" p.109 ISBN   0-07-223172-6
27. Amkor Technology. Amkor.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
28. Apache.org. Web.archive.org (24 April 2021). Retrieved 29 April 2021.
29. Steve Ettlinger (2007). Twinkie, Deconstructed: My Journey to Discover How the Ingredients Found in Processed Foods Are Grown, Mined (Yes, Mined), and Manipulated into What America Eats . Hudson Street Press. ISBN   978-1-59463-018-7.
30. Asus aims for the 'gorgeous' market. The Guardian. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
31. Bakkavör í leik og starfi mbl.is, 25 November 2001. Retrieved 3 October 2013
32. Breaking Down Bapes TheHipHopIcon.com, 2007. Retrieved 4 October 2007
33. "CNN.com – Nigo Talkasia Transcript – February 28, 2006". CNN. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
34. "BEKO". beko.com. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
35. "BenQ Corporation | Introduction: International Directory of Company Histories". Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
36. "Blizzard Entertainment:20th Anniversary". blizzard.com .
37. "Work in Progress Bullfrog". The One . No. 12. EMAP. September 1989. pp. 24–28. ISSN   0955-4084. Archived from the original on 19 March 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
38. "Bullfrog Entretien Avec Peter Molyneux : Créateur, Programmeur Et Co-fondateur De Bullfrog" [Interview With Peter Molyneux : Creator, Programmer And Co-founder of Bullfrog]. Joystick (in French). No. 42. October 1993. pp. 85, 86.
39. "ByWater Solutions History". ByWater Solutions – Koha Open Source ILS Support. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
40. Slud, Martha (6 April 2000). "Celera cracks genetic code". CNN Money. Retrieved 19 July 2018. Celera – the name comes from the Latin for swiftness --
41. "About Cerner". cerner.com. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
42. CIGNA Company History. Cigna.com (4 January 2011). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
43. "iHotel – Best Price Guaranteed". ckx.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
44. "Clarion U.S.A – Corporate Information". clarion.com.
45. Farber, Dan (27 August 2008). "Welcome to the new CNET". CNET . Retrieved 4 May 2022.
46. Software Development Times (1 January 2008), Page 10.
47. Kretzinger, Boris: Commodore – Aufstieg und Fall eines Computerriesen, Morschen 2005, p. 14, Fn 18. ISBN   3-938199-04-0
48. John Schofield; Maclean's, 5 May 1997. "Cowpland/Corel (Profile)". The Canadian Encyclopedia . Retrieved 20 August 2019.
49. "Cutco Cutlery: History". Cutco. 2007. Archived from the original on 8 April 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2007.
50. "Dassault Aviation Celebrates 50th Anniversary". Aviation International News. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
51. "Diageo Case Study". Wolff Olins. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
52. Yates, Andrew (27 November 1997). "Guinness' new name gets shareholder thumbs down". The Independent. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
53. Dick's Sporting Goods Archived 20 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine . Dickssportinggoods.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
54. Kallionpää, Katri (9 July 2011). "Emu saa pienen kukoistamaan. Ilkka "Emu" Lehtisen Digelius Music on myynyt levyjä tasan 40 vuoden ajan. Kauppa on jazzin rakastajien kohtaamispaikka" [Emu is able to make small things flourish. Digelius Music of Ilkka "Emu" Lehtinen is the meeting place for jazz lovers]. Helsingin Sanomat . Sanoma: B 1.
55. James Leonard, Living the Faith: A Life of Tom Monaghan (University of Michigan Press, 2012) pp41-55
56. "Double Fine/About". Double Fine Productions. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
57. Mount, Ian (29 May 2005). "The Mystery of Duane Reade". New York . Retrieved 5 February 2009. Founded in 1960 by the brothers Abraham, Eli, and Jack Cohen, Duane Reade started as a three-store health-and-beauty chain that took the name of the two streets that bounded its lower-Broadway warehouse.
58. "The DuPont Company". Delaware History Online. Archived from the original on 3 June 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2006.
59. Mikkelson, Barbara (20 November 2000). "E.J. Korvette – Eight Jewish Korean War Veterans?". Snopes.com .
60. "Timeline | eds.com". Archived from the original on 13 March 2006.
61. About equinix.com
62. Company Facts Archived 21 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Ericsson. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
63. "How Etsy, eBay, Reddit got their names".
64. Mark Pendergrast: For God, Country and Coca-Cola, Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 1993
65. FedEx Historical Timeline Archived 14 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Fedex.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
66. Premium Indian Tonic Water, Fever-Tree official site. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
67. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2017.
68. Rosenwald, Michael S. (3 April 2006). "Five Guys, Taking a Bigger Bite". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 July 2008.
69. "Number 1 with a Burger" (PDF). Restaurant Business. August 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2008.
70. "Fonterra Company Overview". Fonterra Co-operative Group. Archived from the original on 1 October 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2013. Our name says it all. Fonterra means 'spring from the land' which is where it all begins and where our future lies.
71. "Our History | About Us". Genpact. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
72. "Our history". GSK.com. GlaxoSmithKline. Archived from the original on 6 April 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2013.
73. Welcome to the Webby Awards Archived 15 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Webbyawards.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
74. "Gucci – 1920s". gucci.com. Archived from the original on 13 April 2012.
75. "Guylian | Visit Sint-Niklaas". www.ontdeksintniklaas.be. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
76. Häagen-Dazs | Company | History Archived 1 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Haagen-dazs.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
77. Madden, Orla (29 November 2012): Iwata Explains Where The Name HAL Laboratory Came From. nintendolife.com. Nintendo Life. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
78. Tarina, Hanko Sushi. Accessed on 16 March 2021.
79. Palttiala, Pipsa: Hartwallit ostavat Lampan talon, Helsingin Sanomat 27 April 2012, p. A 11. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
80. "Heikki Salmela". City.fi. 5 April 2002. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
81. Hbc Heritage – Our History – Overview Archived 5 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Hbc.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
82. Ryan Geddes (11 January 2008). "Origins: The History of IGN". IGN.
83. Boyle, Matthew; Coleman-Lochner, Lauren (26 July 2012). "Whatever Happened to Jordache?". Bloomberg BusinessWeek . Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
84. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 August 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
85. "Making the Modern World – Ken Wood". makingthemodernworld.org.uk.
86. Leppänen, Timo: Merkilliset nimet. Tarinoita yritysten ja tuotteiden nimistä. Helsinki: Finnish Literary Society, 2016. ISBN   978-952-222-720-1.
87. "If You Drink Coffee from Pods, You May Want to Reconsider". The Atlantic . 2 March 2015.
88. Kwan, Campbell. "Former Toshiba memory business to rebrand as Kioxia". ZDNet . Retrieved 4 May 2022.
89. "KPMG UK History =". www.kpmg.co.uk. Archived from the original on 28 October 2005.
90. "Lego.com About Us – Lego Company – The Lego Group". Lego Group. 2007. Archived from the original on 10 July 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2007.
91. Matchbox Models of Yesteryear history Archived 16 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine . Moy.robbinsplace.com (19 January 1947). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
92. "Aldis Erzfeind" (in German). 2 March 2004. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
93. "Der Geheimnis-Krämer" (in German). Retrieved 4 March 2017.
94. GameSpy.com – Article: Developer Origins Archived 28 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Archive.gamespy.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
95. Thinking: Articles: Lucent Archived 16 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Landor. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
96. Fake, Caterina (27 September 2021). "Flickr Values: What is Flickr?". Flickr. Ludicorp! Ludere=play in Latin.
97. Butterfield, Stewart. "Why did Flickr drop the "e"?". Quora.
98. "Yahoo Acquires Flickr". Ludicorp. Ludicorp Research & Development Ltd. 25 March 2005. Archived from the original on 26 March 2005.
99. "Together, SmugMug + Flickr | Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on 4 May 2018. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
100. "Verizon Sells Yahoo's Flickr Photo-Sharing Site to SmugMug". 21 April 2018.
101. "Lufthansa – Chronicle". lufthansa.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2009.
102. "History of LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA". fundinguniverse.com.
103. Gobbling Up Sites and Web Surfers, Lycos Chooses to Aim Much Higher. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
104. "How Ben Chestnut Made Mailchimp into a $600 Million Juggernaut". 9 March 2019.
105. "McSweeney's Internet Tendency: The Real Timothy McSweeney". McSweeney's Internet Tendency.
106. Telegraph.co.uk: As Longbridge stands empty, the MG Rover jigsaw takes shape 6,000 miles away. Issued 2006/06/18. Retrieved 2006/07/01.
107. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. "Acronyms and Abbreviations". ornl.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
108. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 13 December 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
109. "Mitre dictionary definition – mitre defined". yourdictionary.com. Archived from the original on 2 May 2012.
110. "News Releases". Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
111. Jamie Zawinski (5 August 1994). "the netscape dorm". jwzrants. Retrieved 20 April 2007.
112. Connor, Deni (5 April 2007). "Nine things you don't know about Novell". Network World. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
113. "History of Nucor". Steelonthenet.com.
114. What You Didn't Know About Ryan Petersen – Tom's Hardware. Tomshardware.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
115. "Matsushita Electric to Change Name to Panasonic Corporation | Headquarters News | Panasonic Newsroom Global".
116. "Evolution of the PEUGEOT logo | PEUGEOT logo and lions".
117. abm – Feregyhazy & Simon GmbH. "PEZ: from 1927 until today". pez.at. Archived from the original on 6 November 2014. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
118. Pioneer Electronic Corporation hoovers.com
119. "What's in a Name?". Vanity Fair . Archived from the original on 13 January 2012.
120. Procter & Gamble – Ohio History Central – A product of the Ohio Historical Society. Ohio History Central (1 July 2005). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
121. "Qimonda AG i.In. - Company History". Archived from the original on 16 January 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
122. What does Quora mean?, Quora.com
123. Graves, Todd. "Why the Dog?". Raising Cane's Chicken Fingers. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
124. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
125. "Our history". Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
126. "About ROHM | Company | ROHM Semiconductor". Rohm . Retrieved 4 May 2022.
127. "What does "Roku" mean? – Roku Forums". forums.roku.com. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
128. "Anyone know when Roku 4 will be released? – Page 2 – Roku Forums". forums.roku.com. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
129. Un-yŏng Kim (1996). A cross-cultural reference of business practices in a new Korea. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 66–. ISBN   978-1-56720-019-5 . Retrieved 16 November 2011.
130. More than a century of history, Santander official website. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
131. Home. Saudiaramco.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
132. Free Your Skin. Schick. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
133. Keefer, John (31 March 2006). "GameSpy Retro: Developer Origins, Page 17 of 19". GameSpy . Archived from the original on 9 June 2007.
134. Silja – nuorena nukkunut at EloNet. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
135. "Movable Type – Content Management System, Blog Software & Publishing Platform". sixapart.com.
136. Skype Forums > The name "Skype" Archived 30 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine . Forum.skype.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
137. Chang, Richard S. (30 June 2010). "Swatch Founder Also Gave Birth to the Smart Car". New York Times . Retrieved 4 May 2022.
138. Smeg Australia Archived 22 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Smeg.com.au. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
139. Järvenpää, Eeva: "Sodan ajan paketissa ollut Sokos valmistui vuoden 1952 olympiakisoihin", Helsingin Sanomat 23 December 2006. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
140. "History". SPAR International. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
141. Marie Bussing-Burks (2009). Starbucks (Corporations That Changed the World). Westport, Conn: Greenwood. p. 1. ISBN   978-0-313-36458-7.
142. "HEUER WATCH COMPANY HISTORY". thewatchguy.com.
143. "About Us, Company – TASER". taser.com. Archived from the original on 5 September 2012.
144. Länsimäki, Maija: Pientä vispilänkauppaa, Institute for Domestic Languages. Accessed on 8 May 2020.
145. "About Textron: Company History". textron.com.
146. "Why the Name "Tesla"?". Tesla Motors. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 10 June 2008.
147. "Here's Why Tesla Motors Is Named for a Famous Serbian Inventor". Business Insider India . Archived from the original on 17 June 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
148. "Fans celebrate birthday of inventor Nikola Tesla". Newsday . 9 July 2017.
149. Michaels, Daniel (14 January 2010). "Long-Dead Inventor Nikola Tesla Is Electrifying Hip Techies". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 12 April 2015.
150. "Texaco Brand Portal". Archived from the original on 6 April 2007. Retrieved 7 April 2007.
151. Carrie Hunt and the Spoonerisms. "F Eh Q: The Mystery of the Missing Tim Hortons Apostrophe". Plaidspin. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
152. "Tribune Publishing Announces Corporate Rebranding, Changes Name to tronc" (Press release). Tribune Publishing Company. 2 June 2016. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
153. "Tronc to change name back to Tribune Publishing after two years of ridicule". TheGuardian.com . 18 June 2018.
154. About Us » History Archived 24 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine . Tucows Inc. (1 January 2008). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
155. Discover a World of Tea Archived 21 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Twinings. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
156. "Twitter spawns twitterverse of new words". BBC News. 5 September 2011.
157. "Corporate information – UBS Global topics". ubs.com.
158. Leppänen, Timo: Merkilliset nimet. Tarinoita yritysten ja tuotteiden nimistä. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society, 2016. ISBN   978-952-222-720-1.
159. "The Evolution of a Brandable Name" Archived 10 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine 27 July 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
160. "UK – About Us – History – 1982". Vodafone Group. Archived from the original on 20 July 2012.
161. "North Carolina History Project : The Wachovia Tract". northcarolinahistory.org.
162. Page Through Our Past Archived 6 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine . Walgreens. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
163. "Wolfram Research Company Background". wolfram.com. Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
164. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2011.
165. The History of Xerox. Inventors.about.com (15 June 2010). Retrieved 8 July 2011.
166. About XTO Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Xtoenergy.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
167. The History of Yahoo! – How It All Started. Yahoo!. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
168. Corporate Profile – Yamaha – UK and Ireland. Uk.yamaha.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
169. A Bit of History Archived 12 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine . Yoplait.ca. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
170. Zamzar – About Us. Zamzar.com. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
171. ZERO Manufacturing, Inc. – History Archived 13 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine . Zerocases.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
172. "Zetor history". Zetor tractors.
173. Zimmer History. Zimmer.com. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
174. "Gadget of the Week". MervServe. 21 April 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2017.
175. "How Foodiebay became Zomato". Business Today. 23 May 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
176. Shambora, Jessica (2 December 2009). "Zynga suddenly is everywhere. What gives?". Fortune. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2011. Zynga is named after Pincus's deceased American Bulldog, Zinga