List of Kannada films of 2024

Last updated

This is a list of Kannada Films that were released in 2024.

Contents

Box office collection

The highest-grossing Kannada films released in 2024, by worldwide box office gross revenue, are as follows.

The rank of the films in the following depends on the worldwide gross. The budget is only for knowledgeable purpose.

*Denotes films still running in cinemas worldwide
The highest worldwide gross of 2024
RankTitleProduction CompanyWorldwide grossReferences
1 Yuva * Hombale Films ₹15 crore (US$1.9 million) [1]
2 Upadhyaksha DN Cinemas
Umapathi Films		₹5.27 crore (US$660,000) [2]
3 Karataka Damanaka * Rockline Entertainments ₹1.62 crore (US$200,000) [3]

TBD  To be determined.

January–March

OpeningTitleDirectorMain CastProduction companyRef.
J
A
N
U
A
R
Y		5Adarsha RaithaRajendra Konidela
  • Amarnath Reddy
  • Khushi Mahato
  • Mysore Sujatha
  • Rekha Das
Kumuda Art Creations [4]
Online Madhuve Offline ShobanaBavaji Vempalli
  • Jagadish Kumar
  • Sushmitha Sonu
  • Seerunde Raghu
  • Raghavi Shankar
Apsara Movies [5]
Onty Bunty Love StoryYathish Pannasamudra
  • Vaibhav Vardhan
  • Yathish Pannasamudra
  • Shweta Bhat
  • Shruthi Chandrashekar
Adyah Studios [6]
19BarbarikaShandilya
Sri Lakshmi Janardhana Movies [7]
JotheyagiruSathish Kumar
  • Venkatesh Hegde
  • Sunil Kanchan
  • Rashmi Gowda
  • Pooja Achar
Renu Movies [8]
Kadal Ravi Basrur
  • Suchan Shetty
  • Chirashree Anchan
  • Sourabh Bhandary
  • Vijay Basrur
Omkar Movies [9]
KlaanthaVaibhav Prashanth
Anugraha Power Media [10]
Matthe MattheArun HosakoppaNairutya Arts [11]
Rangasamudra Rajkumar AskiHoysala Creations [12]
26AlexaJeeva Levis
Sri Bhuvanesh Productions [13]
Bachelor Party Abhijit Mahesh Paramvah Studios [14]
Case of Kondana Devi Prasad ShettyFlying Elephant Story Tellers [15]
Hadinelentu Prithvi Konanur
Konanur Productions [16]
Koli Esru Champa P Shetty
  • Akshatha Pandavapura
  • Natana Manju
  • Apeksha Nagaraju
  • Dakshayini N
Apron Productions [17]
Upadhyaksha Anil KumarDN Cinemas [18]
F
E
B
R
U
A
R
Y		2ClickShashi Kumar Mandya
  • Karthik Kadamba
  • Rachana Dasharat
  • Pavan Basrur
  • Sumana Shashi
Sharanya Films [19]
CrushAbhi N
Smiley Creations [20]
Satyam ShivamYathiraj
Yashoda Raj Creations [21]
Supplier ShankaraRanjith Singh Rajput
Trinethra Films [22]
YathabhavaGautham Basavaraju
Macht Entertainments [23]
8 Ondu Sarala Prema Kathe Simple Suni Ram Movies [24]
9 Juni Vaibhav MahadevTrishul Creations
12 Months Film Plant		 [25]
Just Pass K. M. Raghu
Roy's Entertainment [26]
Maaye and CompanyB Sandeep Kumar
  • Arjun Kishore Chandra
  • Anusha Anand
  • Yashaswini
  • Naveendra Gangadhar
Mathrushree Vision [27]
Naguvina Hoogala Mele Venkat Bharadwaj
Sri Sathya Sai Arts [28]
Pranayam Dattatreya S
Mansi Ventures
P2 Productions		 [29]
15 Saramsha Surya Vasishta
Vibha Kashyap Productions
Klapboard Productions		 [30]
165D S. Narayan One to Hundred Dream Movies [31]
Abbabba K. M. Chaitanya
Friday Film House [32]
Alemari Ee BadukuSiddu C Kattimani
  • Sridhar Atavi
  • Jaanu Suresh
  • Sandeep Mallikarjun
  • Deepa Hebbar
Sri Kalabhairava Productions [33]
KTMAruna
Mahasimha Movies [34]
Ladies BarMuttu A. N.
DMC Productions [35]
Mandya HaidaSrikanth Pandavapura
Tejas Creation [36]
Ravike PrasangaSanthosh Kodenkeri
Drusti Media & Productions [37]
Shakhahaari Sandeep Sunkad
  • Rangayana Raghu
  • Vinay Jarimalli
  • Nidhi Hegde
  • Harini Shreekanth
  • Gopal Deshpande
Keelambi Media Lab & Last Page Creations [38]
23Dhairyam Sarvatra SadhanamA R Sai Ram
AP Productions [39]
For Regn Naveen DwarkanathNischal Films [40]
Kappu Bilupina NaduveVasanth Vishnu
Gold Shine Productions
Golden Elephant Productions		 [41]
MatsyagandhaDevaraj PoojarySahyadri Productions [42]
Mr. NatwarlalLava KaggereTanush Cinemas [43]
Ondu Pishachiya KatheEkalavya Kumar
  • Sanjith Raj
  • Ravi Shreyas
  • Ekalavya Kumar
Shri Dattatreya Cinemas [44]
Pretha Harish Raj
Harish Raj Productions [45]
M
A
R
C
H		1ChayaJaggu Master
  • Anand Arya
  • Teju Raj
New Global Creations [46]
Girinad PremaYuvaraj S. Guttedar
  • Sharnu Pattedar
  • Soumya Theethira
  • Raushan Lawrence
4K Film Studio Production [47]
JugalbandiDiwakar Dimdima
  • Santhosh Ashray
  • Manasi Sudheer
  • Ashwin Rao Pallakki
  • Yash Shetty
Dimdima Productions
Visica Films		 [48]
KreemAbhishek BasanthSamvurdhini Productions [49]
Namo BharathRamesh S Paravinaikar
Shree Chowdeshwari Films [50]
Purushothamana Prasanga Devadas Kapikad
Rashtrakoota Pictures [51]
7Jog 101Vijay KannadigaSeven Star Pictures [52]
8 Blink Srinidhi Bengaluru
Janani Pictures [53]
Kailasa KasidreNag Venkat
  • Ravi Kiran Narasimhalu
  • Sukanya Girish
  • Suraj
  • Ninasam Ashwath
Mahad Pictures [54]
Karataka Damanaka Yogaraj Bhat Rockline Entertainments [55]
Koleyadavane KolegaraMallikarjun Hiretanad
Abhay Productions [56]
ManadarasiT. S. Krishnamurthy
  • Rupesh G. Raj
  • Suhaana S. Gowda
  • Preethu Pooja
PKR Productions [57]
Ranganayaka Guruprasad Vikyath Chitra Productions [58]
15 Chow Chow Bath Kenja Chethan Kumar
Kamadhenu Films
Sanatanay Pictures
Horizzon Movies		 [59]
Hide and SeekPunith NagarajuSuneri Art Creations [60]
Kerebete Rajguru Bheemappa
  • Gowrishankar
  • Bindu Shivaram
  • Gopal Deshpande
  • Harini Shreekanth
Janamana Cinemas [61]
MehaboobaAnup AnthonySri Balaji Motion Pictures
Daksh Entertainments		 [62]
PhotoUtsav Gonwar
  • Mahadev Hadapad
  • Veeresh Gonwar
  • Sandhya Arakere
Masari Talkies [63]
Somu Sound Engineer Abhi Basavaraj
  • Shreshta Basavaraj
  • Nishvika Patil
  • Yash Shetty
Aartha Entertainers [64]
22DilkushPramod Jaya
Jayaprabha Colour Frames [65]
Lineman Raghu Shastry
Purple Rock Entertainers [66]
Rakshasa TantraMegha Akshara
  • Megha Akshara
  • Rakshita Mallik
  • Thilak K
  • Sukesh
Suragi Pictures [67]
Thooth KaasuRavi Thejas
  • Vharun Devaiah
  • Shravan Halli
  • Prerna Bhat
  • Prisha Patted
Shree Karagadamma Devi Cine Creations [68]
29 Yuva Santhosh Ananddram
Hombale Films [69]
ThariniSiddu Poornachandra
  • Rohith Rangaswamy
  • Mamatha Rahuth
  • Bhavani Prakash
Shree Gajani Productions [70]

April - June

OpeningTitleDirectorMain CastProduction companyRef.
A
P
R
I
L		5 Avatara Purusha 2 Suni Pushkar Films [71]
Bharjari GanduPrasiddh
  • Kiran Raj
  • Yasha Shivakumar
  • Nisarga Bhat
  • Ramesh Bhat
  • Rohith Nagesh
  • Rakesh Raj
  • Saurabh Kulkarni
Famous Films [72]
MarigoldRaghavendra M. Naik
R.V. Creations [73]
Matinee Manohar KampalliF3 Productions [74]
12Appa I Love YouAtharv AryaKRS Productions [75]
Muktha ManasuR. C. Rangashekar
  • Mohan Ranganatha
  • Manya Gowda
  • Shobhraj
  • Ramesh Pandit
S.L.J. Production [76]
Night CurfewVenshi RavindraSwarna Ganga Films [77]
Scam 1770Vikas Pushpagiri
D Creations [78]
19Chirathe Banthu ChiratheC. R. Krishnamurthy
  • Sundar Veena
  • Girish Shivanna
  • N K Ramakrishna
JRK Visions [79]
Dasavarenya Sri VijayadasaruMadhusudhan Havaldar
  • Trivikram Joshi
  • Srilatha Bagevadi
  • Vishnutheertha Joshi
SPJ Movies [80]
Naalkane AayamaGowtham. R
Inchara Creations [81]
O2 Prashanth Rajendra
Raghav Nayak		 PRK Productions [82]
PartnerT. R. Gowtham Gowda
  • Sathish Krishna Shetty
  • Chethas. R
  • Preethi Mirajkar
  • Bala Rajwadi
Navilu Vayuputra Combines [83]
RatnaBasavaraj Bellary
Basavaraj Bellary Cinema [84]
Samrat MandhathaHemantha Kumar
  • Basavaraju. C
  • R. Sundara Babu
  • Chaithra Kotresh
  • Bharathi P. K.
Hemanth's Productions [85]
M
A
Y		10 Choo Mantar NavaneetTharun Studios [86]

July - September

OpeningTitleDirectorCastStudioRef
J
U
L
Y		12Powder Janardhan Chikkanna
KRG Studios [87]
A
U
G
U
S
T		15Bhairati RanagalNarthanGeeta Pictures [88]

October - December

Upcoming releases

TitleDirectorCastRef.
Bagheera Dr. Suri [89]
Bheema Duniya Vijay
[90]
KD - The Devil Prem [91]
Kantara: Chapter 1 Rishab Shetty [92]
Martin A. P. Arjun [93]
VaamanaShankar Raman [94]
Mafia Lohith H [95]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ashutosh Rana</span> Indian actor, poet and author

Ashutosh Ramnarayan Neekhra, known professionally as Ashutosh Rana, is an Indian actor, producer, author and television personality. He has worked in Marathi, Telugu, Kannada, Tamil, and Hindi films along with working in various Indian television shows. He is known for his portrayal of negative roles. He has received several awards including a Filmfare OTT Award and two Filmfare Awards.

References

  1. ↑ B, Praveen Chandra (1 April 2024). "Yuva: ಬಾಕ್ಸ್‌ ಆಫೀಸ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ 3 ದಿನದಲ್ಲಿ ಯುವ ಗಳಿಕೆ ಎಷ್ಟು? ವೀಕೆಂಡ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಕಲೆಕ್ಷನ್‌ ಹೆಚ್ಚಿಸಿಕೊಂಡ ಯುವ ರಾಜ್‌ಕುಮಾರ್‌ ಸಿನಿಮಾ". Kannada Hindustan Times (in Kannada). Retrieved 1 April 2024.
  2. ↑ Kotagunasi, Manjunath B. "ಸ್ಟಾರ್‌ ಸಿನಿಮಾ ರೇಂಜ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ಕಲೆಕ್ಷನ್‌ ಮಾಡ್ತಿದೆ ಚಿಕ್ಕಣ್ಣನ 'ಉಪಾಧ್ಯಕ್ಷ' ಚಿತ್ರ; 3 ದಿನದಲ್ಲಿ ಬೊಕ್ಕಸಕ್ಕೆ ಬಂತು ಕೋಟಿ ಕೋಟಿ!". Kannada Hindustan Times (in Kannada). Retrieved 1 February 2024.
  3. ↑ B, Praveen Chandra. "Karataka Damanaka: ಗಲ್ಲಾಪೆಟ್ಟಿಗೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಎಷ್ಟು ಕೋಟಿ ಗಳಿಸ್ತು ಕರಟಕ ದಮನಕ? ಇಲ್ಲಿದೆ 4 ದಿನದ ಬಾಕ್ಸ್‌ ಆಫೀಸ್‌ ವರದಿ". Kannada Hindustan Times (in Kannada). Retrieved 13 March 2024.
  4. ↑ "Model Farmer". Bangalore Mirror. 11 September 2023.
  5. ↑ "online-maduve-online-shobana-obtains-ua-plans-january-release". Cinema Express. 11 December 2023.
  6. ↑ "Onty Bunty Love Story Movie Review: Vaibhav Vardhan Film Is A Delightful Blend Of Fun, Friendship, And Love". Times Now. 5 January 2024.
  7. ↑ "Barbarika on screen". Bangalore Mirror. 12 July 2023.
  8. ↑ "Jotheyagiru – ಜೊತೆಯಾಗಿರು (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 19 January 2024.
  9. ↑ "Kadal Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 19 January 2024.
  10. ↑ "Klaantha Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 19 January 2024.
  11. ↑ "Matthe Matthe Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 19 January 2024.
  12. ↑ "Rangasamudra Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 19 January 2024.
  13. ↑ "Aditi Prabhudeva Starrer New Kannada Movie Alexa To Be Released On 26th Jan". TV9 Kannada. 25 January 2024.
  14. ↑ "Rakshit Shetty's upcoming venture 'Bachelor Party' to be released in January 2024". IndiaToday. 28 December 2023.
  15. ↑ "Vijay Raghavendra starrer 'Case of Kondana' to be released on 26 January 2024". Times of India. 4 January 2024.
  16. ↑ "Mirror, mirror...: Kannada socio-drama Hadinelentu gears up for a theatrical release on January 26". The New Indian Express. 25 January 2024.
  17. ↑ "Mangaluru: 'Koli Esru', 'Hadinelentu' movies to be released on Jan 26". Daiji World. 19 January 2024.
  18. ↑ "Upadhyaksha to release on 26 January 2024". IMDB.
  19. ↑ "Click (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 2 February 2024.
  20. ↑ "Crush Movie - Kannada". The Times of India. 2 February 2024.
  21. ↑ "Satyam Shivam (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 2 February 2024.
  22. ↑ "Supplier Shankara Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 2 February 2024.
  23. ↑ "Yathabhava (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Bookmyshow. 2 February 2024.
  24. ↑ "Ondu Sarala Prema Kathe (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 9 February 2024.
  25. ↑ "Juni Movie: Showtimes, Review, Songs, Trailer". Times of India. 9 February 2024.
  26. ↑ "Just Pass (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 9 February 2024.
  27. ↑ "maaye--company-will-explore-the-glossy-facade-of-virtual-connectivity". Cinema Express. 7 February 2024.
  28. ↑ "Naguvina Hoogala Mele Movie: Showtimes, Review, Songs, Trailer". Times of India. 9 February 2024.
  29. ↑ "Pranayam (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 9 February 2024.
  30. ↑ "Saramsha Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  31. ↑ "5D Movie Review: S Narayan's Milestone Kannada Film Is An Intriguing Suspense Thriller". Times Now News. 15 February 2024.
  32. ↑ "Abbabba Movie Review: Abbabba movie review: A perky comedy with a bit of horror". Times of India. 16 February 2024.
  33. ↑ "By Nomads". Bangalore Mirror. 3 February 2024.
  34. ↑ "KTM is based on a real-life love story, shares Director Aruna". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  35. ↑ "Ladies Bar Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  36. ↑ "Mandya Haida Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  37. ↑ "Ravike Prasanga Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  38. ↑ "Shakhahaari Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 15 February 2024.
  39. ↑ "Dhairyam Sarvatra Sadhanam Movie - Times of India". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  40. ↑ "For Regn: For Registration Movie - eTimes". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  41. ↑ "Kappu Bilupina Naduve Movie - Times of India". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  42. ↑ "Matsyagandha Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  43. ↑ "Matsyagandha Movie - ETimes". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  44. ↑ "Ondu Pishachiya Kathe (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 23 February 2024.
  45. ↑ "Pretha Movie - ETimes - Times of India". Times of India. 23 February 2024.
  46. ↑ "Chaya (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  47. ↑ "Girinad Premi (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  48. ↑ "Jugalbandi (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  49. ↑ "Kreem (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  50. ↑ "Namo Bharath (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  51. ↑ "Purushothamana Prasanga (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 1 March 2024.
  52. ↑ "Jog 101 (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 7 March 2024.
  53. ↑ {https://in.bookmyshow.com/bengaluru/movies/blink/ET00386559}
  54. ↑ "Kailasa Kasidre (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 8 March 2024.
  55. ↑ Bureau, The Hindu (5 February 2024). "'Karataka Damanaka' to take on 'Ranganayaka' at the box office on March 8". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 28 February 2024.
  56. ↑ "Koleyadavane Kolegara (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 8 March 2024.
  57. ↑ "Manadarasi (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 8 March 2024.
  58. ↑ "Ranganayaka (2024/೨೦೨೪)". Bookmyshow. 8 March 2024.
  59. ↑ "Chow Chow Bath". Book My Show. 21 February 2024.
  60. ↑ "Hide and Seek (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Book My Show. 15 March 2024.
  61. ↑ "Kerebete (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Book My Show. 15 March 2024.
  62. ↑ "Mehabooba (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Book My Show. 15 March 2024.
  63. ↑ "Mehabooba (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Book My Show. 15 March 2024.
  64. ↑ "Somu Sound Engineer (2024) - Movie Reviews, Cast & Release Date". Book My Show. 15 March 2024.
  65. ↑ "Dilkush Kannada Movie". Book My Show. 22 March 2024.
  66. ↑ "Lineman Kannada Movie". Book My Show. 22 March 2024.
  67. ↑ "Rakshasa Tantra Kannada Movie". Book My Show. 22 March 2024.
  68. ↑ "Thooth Kaasu Kannada Movie". Book My Show. 22 March 2024.
  69. ↑ "Advance Bookings For Yuva Rajkumar-starrer Kannada Film Yuva Underway". News18. 28 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  70. ↑ "Tharini Kannada Movie". Book My Show. 28 March 2024.
  71. ↑ Service, Express News (3 April 2024). "I aim to surprise audiences with diverse genres, breaking away from their expectations: Suni". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  72. ↑ Features, C. E. (18 March 2024). "Bharjari Gandu gets a release date". Cinema Express. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  73. ↑ "Sangeetha Sringeri-starrer Marigold Trailer Promises Action-packed Drama". News18. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  74. ↑ Features, C. E. (18 March 2024). "Sathish Ninasam and Rachita Ram's Matinee to release on this date". Cinema Express. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  75. ↑ "Appa I Love You (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  76. ↑ "Muktha Manasu Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  77. ↑ "Night Curfew Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  78. ↑ "Scam 1770 Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  79. ↑ "Chirathe Banthu Chirathe (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  80. ↑ "Dasavarenya Sri Vijayadasaru (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  81. ↑ "Naalkane Aayama (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  82. ↑ "O2 (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  83. ↑ "Partner (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  84. ↑ "Ratna (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  85. ↑ "Ratna (2024) Movie review, cast and release dates". bookmyshow. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  86. ↑ "Sharan's horror comedy Choo Mantar gets new release date". OTTPlay. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  87. ↑ "KRG Studios collaborates with TVF for a film". The Hindu . 25 August 2023. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  88. ↑ Kotagunasi, Manjunath B. "'ಭೈರತಿ ರಣಗಲ್' ಚಿತ್ರದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೊರಬಿತ್ತು ಬಿಗ್‌ ಅಪ್‌ಡೇಟ್‌; ಘಟಾನುಘಟಿಗಳ ಎದುರು ಸೆಣಸಲು ಶಿವಣ್ಣ ರೆಡಿ!". Kannada Hindustan Times (in Kannada). Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  89. ↑ "'Bagheera' teaser out, Srii Murali-starrer promises high-octane action". IndiaToday. 1 January 2024.
  90. ↑ "Shooting for 'Bheema' concluded; release in 2024". Kannada Screens. 24 December 2023.
  91. ↑ "Dhruva Sarja's KD - The Devil teaser revealed by Sanjay Dutt; actor opens up about South Cinema". Economic Times. 1 January 2024.
  92. ↑ "Kantara prequel titled Kantara: Chapter 1; first look of Rishab Shetty film to be out on this date". Hindustan Times. 25 November 2023.
  93. ↑ "'Martin' resumes its shooting from today". Times of India. 1 January 2024.
  94. ↑ "Dhanveerah back to action; this time with 'Vaamana'". India Screens. 1 January 2024.
  95. ↑ "ಪ್ರಜ್ವಲ್ ದೇವರಾಜ್ ನಟನೆಯ 'ಮಾಫಿಯಾ' ಚಿತ್ರಕ್ಕೆ ಡಬ್ಬಿಂಗ್ ಮುಕ್ತಾಯ: ನವೆಂಬರ್‌ನಲ್ಲಿ ರಿಲೀಸ್".
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