Sidecar World Championship

Last updated
FIM Sidecar World Championship
Category Motorcycle racing
CountryInternational
Teams17
Constructors Kawasaki
Yamaha
Suzuki
Riders' champion Todd Ellis
Emmanuelle Clément
Makes' champion LCR-Yamaha YZF-R6
Motorsport current event.svg Current season

FIM Sidecar World Championship is the international sidecar racing championship. It is the only remaining original FIM road racing championship class that started in 1949.

Contents

It was formerly named Superside when the sidecars moved from being part of Grand Prix Motorcycles racing to being support events for the Superbike World Championship. In 2010 the FIM took over the management of the series from the Superside promoters, and the championship was called "FIM Sidecar World Championship". However, the FIM still uses the word Superside for promotion purposes, despite the demise of the Superside promoters.

The championship is raced over a number of rounds at circuits mainly in Europe, although other venues have been included in United States (Monterey), South Africa at Kyalami and Australia's Phillip Island.

History

Formative years

Chris Vincent on the Norton-BSA outfit he used for 1958 in grasstrack and 1959 for road racing, just by changing the tyre tread, a low sitter achieved by 16 inch wheels instead of 19 and showing an early version of the passenger platform which endured until the late 1970s Chris Vincent Norbsa number 23 front view.JPG
Chris Vincent on the Norton-BSA outfit he used for 1958 in grasstrack and 1959 for road racing, just by changing the tyre tread, a low sitter achieved by 16 inch wheels instead of 19 and showing an early version of the passenger platform which endured until the late 1970s

When the sidecar world championships began in 1949, they were dominated by unambiguous, orthodox outfits where a sidecar was attached to a conventional solo motorcycle. Rigidity and strength were poorly understood and pre-war machines have been described as "scaffolding on wheels". Development was based around cutting weight, providing a flat platform for the passenger, and reducing drag around the sidecar wheel and at the front of the sidecar platform. [1] When developments in dolphin and dustbin fairings on solo machines proved successful at reducing drag, it was natural to adapt similar streamlined enclosures for the sidecar outfits. A pioneer in this area was Eric Oliver who worked with the Watsonian company on the development of successive experimental racing outfits including such innovations as the use of 16 in (410 mm) diameter wheels. [1]

Design changes

By 1953, motorcycle frames had undergone a complete redesign to accommodate the side car. Seat heights had been reduced to the point where the driver now sat in a semi-prone position. This permitted the use of a one-piece fairing which enclosed the front of the outfit as well as the sidecar platform. [2] The enclosure led to unfamiliar handling, and the advanced design was only used in practice for the Belgian Grand Prix and in the final Grand Prix at Monza, where it finished fourth in the hands of Jacques Drion and Inge Stoll. [3] Throughout the year, other outfits experimented with more modest refinements such as additional braking via the sidecar wheel, sometimes linked to one or both of the other two brakes. [4]

BMW RS54 Rennsport 500 cc engine as installed in a modern replica of Max Deubel's 1960s low sitter BMW RS 54, Gespann von Deubel-Horner cropped.JPG
BMW RS54 Rennsport 500 cc engine as installed in a modern replica of Max Deubel's 1960s low sitter

Nevertheless, racing sidecars remained intrinsically the same to road-going sidecars. A traditional racing outfit was a road-going motorcycle outfit without the boot and with the suspension lowered. The bootless sidecar frame would have a flat platform. Both the battery and the fuel tank could be placed either between the motorcycle and the sidecar, or on the sidecar platform. Over time the subframe, struts, clamps, sidecar frame, etc. would merge with the motorcycle mainframe and form a single frame. But essentially the racing outfit was still a variant of the road-going outfit in principle.

Technical innovation

Beginning in 1977 there was a seismic shift away from the traditional engineering that had underscored sidecar technology up to this point. It began when George O'Dell won the championship using a Hub-center steering sidecar (built by Rolf Biland) called the Seymaz. O'Dell won despite the Seymaz being rarely raced during the season in favor of using a traditional Windle frame for much of the year. The next year Rolf Biland won the 1978 championship using a BEO-Yamaha TZ500 sidecar which was basically a rear-engine, rear-drive trike.

In 1979 the FIM responded to these technological innovations by splitting the sidecar championship into two competitions:

Bruno Holzer won the B2B championship with an LCR BEO-Yamaha sidecar that turned motorcycling into something more like driving a car because the machine had a driver's seat, steering wheel and using foot pedals. It also did not require much participation from the sidecar passenger who just had to lie flat on the passenger platform.

In 1980, due to the revolutionary changes being made by the constructors to their designs, the FIM banned all sidecar prototypes because it was concerned that the developments were turning passengers into non-active participants, and the machines were ceasing to resemble motorcycles.

However, a year later FIM reversed its decision and reached a compromise after protests from the teams. Prototypes would be permitted to race subject to the following rules:

The 1981 rules remain largely unchanged. For example, trikes or cyclecars are still banned. However, there have been a few amendments and easing of the rules. In the late 1990s the FIM allowed a sidecar front wheel to have automobile-style suspension (e.g. wishbone configurations. Likewise sidecars that are outside of the technical rules are permitted to compete in races but their results, points or finishes are not recorded. An example is the Markus Bösiger/Jürg Egli team who would have finished third in the 1998 championship season. However, as they were using a configuration where Bösiger sat in an upright driving position no results were entered in the official records.

Sidecars on starting grid Sidecar.jpg
Sidecars on starting grid

Under FIM regulations, "rider" applies equally to the driver and the passenger on a sidecar. The driver is positioned kneeling in front of the engine with hands near the front wheel, while the passenger moves about the platform at the rear transferring their weight from left to right according to the corner and forward or back to gain traction for the front or rear. The passenger also helps the driver when it comes to drifting, and is also usually the first person to notice any engine problems since he is next to the engine while the driver is in front of it. The two must work together to be a successful team. Nowadays it is common to call the driver the "Pilot", while the passenger has several nicknames: the "Acrobat" used in North America which is no longer in use, and the now common term "Monkey" which originated from Australia. Occasionally the words "Co-Driver" or "Co-Pilot" are also used.

Traditional sidecar racing remain popular in several countries, especially the United Kingdom, where it known as Formula Two Sidecars (600cc Engines). They are generally uses in true road racing events like the Isle of Man TT races. Despite their lower top speeds, these machines retain better manoeuvring capabilities.

Modern racing

LCR Sidecar in race paddock LCR-Gespann.jpg
LCR Sidecar in race paddock

Between 1981 and 2016 Superside machines were known as Formula One sidecars using a basic unchanged design. These modern high tech machines are only related to motorcycles by the classification of the engines they use. All chassis are purpose built and owe more to open wheel race car technology and the tires are wide and have a flat profile. They are sometimes known as "worms". [5]

The most successful sidecar racer in Superside has been Steve Webster, who has won four world championships and six world cup between 1987 and 2004. The most successful chassis is LCR, the Swiss sidecar maker, whose founder Louis Christen has won 35 championships between 1979 and 2016, with a variety of engines, originally Yamaha and Krauser two-strokes, more lately Suzuki four-strokes. The BMW Rennsport RS54 Engine powered to 19 straight constructors titles from 1955 to 1973, the most by any engines.

In 2014, for the first time a Kawasaki-powered machine won the title with Tim Reeves and Gregory Cluze ending an 11-year consecutive Suzuki run. In 2016 Kirsi Kainulainen became the first woman motorcycle world champion, as passenger to Pekka Päivärinta. [6]

However, in 2017 the engine capacity of F1 sidecars was reduced from 1000cc to 600cc. This was a conscious effort by FIM to attract more participation from racers who still preferred the traditional F2 chassis. By reducing the engine size, it was hoped that this would mean competition on more equal terms. Nevertheless, the 2017 championship was still dominated by competitors using the F1 chassis. The highest placed F2 chassis team was 12th by Eckart Rösinger and Steffen Werner on their Baker-Suzuki GSX-R600.

Formats

Since 2005 there are now three types of race classes. Any given championship round can have all three type of races but sometimes there is only one type of race (the Gold Race) in one round, usually when the round is a supporting event of a major meeting such as MotoGP.

FIM Sidecar World Champions

Grand Prix

SeasonDriverPassengerBikeConstructor
600cc
1949 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Eric Oliver Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Denis Jenkinson Norton Manx Norton
1950 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Eric Oliver Flag of Italy.svg Lorenzo DobelliNorton ManxNorton
500cc
1951 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Eric Oliver Flag of Italy.svg Lorenzo DobelliNorton ManxNorton
1952 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Cyril Smith Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Bob Clements
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Les Nutt
Norton ManxNorton
1953 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Eric Oliver Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Stanley DibbenNorton ManxNorton
1954 Flag of Germany.svg Wilhelm Noll Flag of Germany.svg Fritz Cron BMW RS54Norton
1955 Flag of Germany.svg Willi Faust Flag of Germany.svg Karl RemmertBMW RS54BMW
1956 Flag of Germany.svg Wilhelm Noll Flag of Germany.svg Fritz CronBMW RS54BMW
1957 Flag of Germany.svg Fritz Hillebrand Flag of Germany.svg Manfred GrunwalBMW RS54BMW
1958 Flag of Germany.svg Walter Schneider Flag of Germany.svg Hans StraußBMW RS54BMW
1959 Flag of Germany.svg Walter Schneider Flag of Germany.svg Hans StraußBMW RS54BMW
1960 Flag of Germany.svg Helmut Fath Flag of Germany.svg Alfred WohlgemuthBMW RS54BMW
1961 Flag of Germany.svg Max Deubel Flag of Germany.svg Emil HörnerBMW RS54BMW
1962 Flag of Germany.svg Max Deubel Flag of Germany.svg Emil HörnerBMW RS54BMW
1963 Flag of Germany.svg Max Deubel Flag of Germany.svg Emil Hörner [lower-alpha 1] BMW RS54BMW
1964 Flag of Germany.svg Max Deubel Flag of Germany.svg Emil HörnerBMW RS54BMW
1965 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Fritz Scheidegger Flag of the United Kingdom.svg John RobinsonBMW RS54BMW
1966 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Fritz Scheidegger Flag of the United Kingdom.svg John RobinsonBMW RS54BMW
1967 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf EngelhardtBMW RS54BMW
1968 Flag of Germany.svg Helmut Fath Flag of Germany.svg Wolfgang KalauchURSBMW
1969 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf EngelhardtBMW RS54BMW
1970 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf Engelhardt
Flag of Germany.svg Wolfgang Kalauch
BMW RS54BMW
1971 Flag of Germany.svg Horst Owesle Flag of Germany.svg Julius Kremer
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Peter Rutterford
Münch-URSBMW
1972 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf EngelhardtBMW RS54BMW
1973 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf EngelhardtBMW RS54BMW
1974 Flag of Germany.svg Klaus Enders Flag of Germany.svg Ralf EngelhardtBusch-BMW RS54König
1975 Flag of Germany.svg Rolf Steinhausen Flag of Germany.svg Josef HuberBusch-König König
1976 Flag of Germany.svg Rolf Steinhausen Flag of Germany.svg Josef HuberBusch-KönigKönig
1977 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg George O'Dell Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Kenny Arthur
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Cliff Holland
Windle-Yamaha TZ500
Seymaz-Yamaha TZ500
Yamaha
1978 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Kenneth WilliamsTTM-Yamaha TZ500
BEO-Yamaha TZ500
Yamaha
1979
(B2A)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergSchmid-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1979
(B2B)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Bruno Holzer Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Charlie Maierhans LCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1980 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jock Taylor Flag of Sweden.svg Benga JohanssonWindle-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1981 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1982 Flag of Germany.svg Werner Schwärzel Flag of Germany.svg Andreas HuberSeymaz-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1983 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1984 Flag of the Netherlands.svg Egbert Streuer Flag of the Netherlands.svg Bernard SchniedersLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1985 Flag of the Netherlands.svg Egbert Streuer Flag of the Netherlands.svg Bernard SchniedersLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1986 Flag of the Netherlands.svg Egbert Streuer Flag of the Netherlands.svg Bernard SchniedersLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1987 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tony HewittLCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1988 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tony Hewitt
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Gavin Simmons
LCR-Yamaha TZ500Yamaha
1989 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tony HewittLCR-Krauser Krauser
1990 Flag of France.svg Alain Michel Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Simon BirchallLCR-KrauserKrauser
1991 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Gavin SimmonsLCR-KrauserKrauser
1992 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergLCR-KrauserKrauser
1993 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergLCR-KrauserKrauser
1994 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Rolf Biland Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Kurt WaltispergLCR-Swissauto V4ADM [lower-alpha 2]
1995 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Darren Dixon Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Andy HetheringtonWindle-ADMADM
1996 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Darren Dixon Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Andy HetheringtonWindle-ADMADM
Sidecar World Cup
1997 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg David JamesLCR-ADM
500cc 2-stroke or 1000cc 4-stroke
1998 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg David JamesLCR-Honda NSR500
1999 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg David JamesLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2000 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Paul WoodheadLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
Superside
1000cc 4-stroke
2001 Flag of Austria.svg Klaus Klaffenböck Flag of Austria.svg Christian ParzerLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2002 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Abbott Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Jamie Biggs Windle-Yamaha EXUP
2003 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Paul WoodheadLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
Superside World Cup
2004 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Steve Webster Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Paul WoodheadLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
Superside
2005 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tristan ReevesLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2006 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tristan ReevesLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2007 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Patrick Farrance [lower-alpha 3] LCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2008 Flag of Finland.svg Pekka Päivärinta Flag of Finland.svg Timo KarttialaLCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
2009 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ben Birchall Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tom Birchall LCR-Suzuki GSX-R 1000
Superside Sidecar World Championship
2010 Flag of Finland.svg Pekka Päivärinta Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Adolf HänniLCR-Suzuki GSX-R1000
2011 Flag of Finland.svg Pekka Päivärinta Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Adolf HänniLCR-Suzuki GSX-R1000
2012 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ashley HawesLCR-Suzuki GSX-R1000
2013 Flag of Finland.svg Pekka Päivärinta Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Adolf HänniLCR-Suzuki GSX-R1000
2014 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of France.svg Gregory CluzeLCR-Kawasaki ZX-10R
2014
(F2 World Trophy)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of France.svg Gregory Cluze DMR-Honda CBR600
2015 Flag of the Netherlands.svg Bennie Streuer Flag of the Netherlands.svg Geert KoertsLCR Suzuki GSX-R1000
2015
(F2 World Trophy)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Patrick FarranceDMR-Honda CBR600
2016 Flag of Finland.svg Pekka Päivärinta Flag of Finland.svg Kirsi Kainulainen [lower-alpha 4] LCR-BMW S 1000RR
2016
(F2 World Trophy)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ben Birchall Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tom BirchallLCR-Honda CBR600
600 cc 4-stroke
2017
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ben Birchall Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tom Birchall LCR-Yamaha YZF-R6
2018
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ben Birchall Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tom Birchall LCR-Yamaha YZF-R6
2019
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Tim Reeves Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Mark WilkesAdolf RS-Yamaha YZF-R6
2020
Season cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2021
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Markus Schlosser Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Marcel FriesLCR-Yamaha YZF-R6
2022 [7]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Todd Ellis Flag of France.svg Emmanuelle Clément LCR-Yamaha YZF-R6
2023
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Todd Ellis Flag of France.svg Emmanuelle Clément LCR-Yamaha YZF-R6

Notes

  1. Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Barry Dungworth was a substitute for the injured Emil Hörner in the Isle of Man round. The team finished eighth and received no points.
  2. After the withdrawal of Michael Krauser GmBH from racing, former employee Auf Der Mauer took over and branded the engines as ADM.
  3. Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Stuart Graham was injured during the practice session of the first round in Schleiz. Patrick Farrance substituted for the race and for the rest of the season.
  4. First woman to become a FIM world champion in any discipline without gender segregation. Actually the first woman to win the FIM championship title in women-only discipline was Laia Sanz in 2005, when she won the FIM Women's World Trial Championship after it changed its name from Cup to Championship.

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References

  1. 1 2 Louis, Harry (26 March 1953). "Four World's Championships". The Motor Cycle. 90 (2607). London: Iliffe & Sons Ltd: 372–374.
  2. "The Next Stage". The Motor Cycle. 91 (2621). London: Iliffe & Sons Ltd: 24–25. 2 July 1953.
  3. Quantrill, Cyril (10 September 1953). "The Italian G.P.". Motor Cycling. 88 (2276): 560–562.
  4. "Terrific Speeds in Belgian Grand Prix". The Motor Cycle. 91 (2622). London: Iliffe & Sons Ltd: 46–48. 9 July 1953.
  5. Motor Cycle News 5 May 1982, p.7 Jock Taylor in the chair. Worms all the way. "The nickname 'worm' stems from last year's Austrian GP when Biland's first 'worm' wriggled all over the track". Accessed and added 2015-03-03
  6. Historic world championship title for BMW sidecar Duo Pekka Päivärinta/Kirsi Kainulainen BMW Group, 19 September 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2017
  7. "FIM SIDECAR: TODD ELLIS AND EMMANUELLE CLEMENT CROWNED IN ESTORIL". FIM. Retrieved 2022-10-31.