A 1609 title page of the German Relation, the world's first newspaper founded in 1605
This list of the oldest newspapers sorts the newspapers of the world by the date of their first publication. The earliest newspapers date to 17th century Europe when printedperiodicals began rapidly to replace the practice of hand-writing newssheets. The emergence of the new media branch has to be seen in close connection with the simultaneous spread of the printing press from which the publishing press derives its name.[2] The oldest living newspaper in the world, and with the same title, is the Gazzetta di Mantova, regularly published in Mantua (Italy) since 1664
Newspapers − apart from being printed − are typically expected to meet four criteria:[3]
Publicity: Its contents are reasonably accessible to the public.
Periodicity: It is published at regular intervals.
Currentness: Its information is up to date.
Universality: It covers a range of topics.
By region
Europe
Avisa Relation oder Zeitung, the second-oldest newspaperTitle page of "Wöchentliche Zeitung aus mancherley Orten", Gdańsk 1619Ordinari Post Tijdender, the world's oldest newspaper still published (since 1645, digital-only since 2007)
Biweekly that published international news in Yiddish and the first newspaper in Yiddish. Changed owner/publisher once. Folded in 1687. Years estimated from a few surviving copies.
Moved to St. Petersburg in 1711, in 1728 renamed Sankt-Petersburgskie Vedomosti, in 1914 renamed Petrogradskie Vedomosti. Last issue in 1917. Re-created in 1991, and is still published.
Founded by Daniel Defoe in 1719. The post consisted of articles that spoke of current events, important dates, inventions, advances in modern sciences, and other things of that nature.
Founded in response to the Derry Journal's moderate stance on issues such as Catholic Emancipation. Originally called the Londonderry Sentinel and North West Advertiser. Still published.
First Serbian newspaper published in the country and the official journal of the Principality of Serbia. Founded by Dimitrije Davidović in 1830. Last issue in 1919.
Still published. The Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant (NRC) merged in 1970 with Algemeen Handelsblad (founded in 1828) into the NRC Handelsblad, which later changed its official name to NRC.
Finland's largest labour newspaper and one of the four major papers in its time. Ceased to publish in the aftermath of the Finnish Civil War in 1918. Followed later in the same year by Suomen sosialidemokraatti, since 2001 Demokraatti, which is still published.[70]
Second popular newspaper by Lord Northcliffe. Considered to have brought on a major change in the English newspaper market[71] and started the trend for popular mass journalism.[72] Still published.
Still published; oldest extant North American paper, but was published as a weekly supplement of a different newspaper from the 1890s. The current owner bought the name rights in 1989, but not the actual paper.[77]
Still published. In 1788, the editor of the Journal was the official reporter of the ratification of the United States Constitution by New York in that year. The paper also served as a launching point of stories during the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration when the then-President was at his estate in nearby Hyde Park.
Still published. The Herald is the oldest family-owned newspaper in continuous operation, published under the same name in the same city, in the United States.
Still published. Oldest continuously circulating daily newspaper in Latin America[81] and oldest continuously circulating periodical edited in Portuguese.
Still published. The same paper has been through several name changes in its history but remains the same print product. Today, the Monroe Publishing Company is among the 10 largest employers in Monroe, Michigan.
Still published. Founded as Sangamo Journal; underwent several name changes, Illinois State Journal by 1848; merged with Illinois State Register in 1974
Still published. Founded in 1833 as The Balance, the paper eventually became known as the Daily Democrat. The Daily Democrat merged with another local paper, the Chronicle, in 1870, to become known as the Democrat and Chronicle. The paper was purchased by Gannett in 1928.[citation needed]
Still published today on a tri-weekly schedule as The Times Picayune. Has gone through several name changes over the years as The Picayune merged with other local papers.
Still published. The newspaper's $61 second-hand Ramage press was procured in 1847 in Boston and arrived in the Salt Lake Valley by ox-drawn wagons in August 1849.[82]
Still published. Oldest Japanese language newspaper in the United States. An English section began in 1926. The newspaper temporarily ceased publication during the Japanese Internment.
Africa
The French established the first newspaper in Africa in Mauritius in 1773.
Date
Newspaper
Language
Place
Country/Region
Notes
1773
Annonces, Affiches et Avis Divers pour les Colonies des Isles de France et de Bourbon
First privately run newspaper in South Africa. Numbers 1 to 18 were published weekly from 7 January 1824 to 10 May 1824. numbers 19 to 135 were printed from 31 August 1825 to 10 March 1827 and numbers 136 and onward were printed from 1828 to 1853. Originally edited by the printer George Greig who soon relinquished editing control to Thomas Pringle and John Fairbairn. Pringle left the paper after number 19.
First newspaper in the Kurmanji Kurdish language, founded by Miqdad Madhad Bedirkhan, member of the Kurdish aristocrat Bedirkhan family. The first issue was printed in Cairo on April 22, 1898. April 22 marks Kurdish Journalism Day to celebrate this.[86][87]
South Asia
The first recorded attempt to found a newspaper in South Asia was by William Bolts, a Dutchman in the employ of the British East India Company in September 1768 in Calcutta. The Company deported Bolts back to Europe before he could begin his newspaper.[88]
Second newspaper in South Asia. Published weekly from 1780-11-18. Survived until 1834. Published by Peter Reed (until 1781), Bernard Messink (until 1793), G. Gordon (1793 to before 1799) In 1799, its proprietors were William Morris, William Fairlie and J. D. Williams.
Third newspaper in South Asia. Government sanctioned. Published weekly from 1784-03-04 to 1818-09-29. Its proprietors were Francis Gladwin, an East India Company Officer until January 1787 and Arthur Muir, Herbert Harrington and Edmond Morris afterwards.
Published monthly from 1785-04-06. Its proprietors were Gordon and John Hay. It ceased publication sometime prior to 1799–05, when Governor-GeneralWellesley enacted press regulations.
The first issue of the Ceylon Gazette appeared on 15 March 1802. It was printed by Frans de Bruin at the renovated press built in 1737 by the Dutch in Ceylon.
It was a Bengali weekly newspaper published by the Baptist Missionary Society from the Baptist Mission Press at Serampore in the first half of the 19th century. It is considered to be the first Indian-language newspaper.
The newspaper started on 1 January 1832 with George Lee as editor. George Lee was the Superintendent of the Government Press and later Postmaster General.
Still published. Originally called The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce. It is the oldest English Language newspaper in India still in circulation.[93]
It started in January, 1846 by an American missionary Dr. Nathan Brown and printed and published at the Sibsagar Mission Press by O.T Cutter, was the first newspaper in Assam as well as the first newspaper in Assamese.[94][95]
It was founded in Lahore and Simla in 1872. It was a merger of The Mofussilite in Calcutta, and the Lahore Chronicle and Indian Public Opinion and Panjab Times in Lahore.
Still published. It is a direct descendant of two newspapers, the Bombay (now Mumbai) based Indian Statesman and The Friend of India published in Calcutta (now Kolkata). Indian Statesman was started by Robert Knight, who was previously the principal founder and editor of The Times of India.
Still published. It was founded in Madras on 20 September 1878 as a weekly newspaper, by what was known then as the Triplicane Six consisting of 4 law students and 2 teachers.
Still published. It was founded on 2 February 1881, in Lahore (now in Pakistan), by Sardar Dyal Singh Majithia, a philanthropist, and is run by a trust comprising five persons as trustees.
Oldest Sindhi language newspaper. Initially published by Education department of Sindh was taken out later by Sindh Saba. Sadhu Hiranand was its first editor from 1884 to 1887.[98]
Still published. It is the oldest state-owned national daily newspaper of Nepal. It was started as a weekly newspaper in May 1901 and became a daily newspaper in 1961.
Oldest newspaper in the Philippines, oldest Spanish language newspaper in Asia;[102] first published on August 8, 1811, ceased publication on February 7, 1812.
Hansŏng sunbo is the first native Korean newspaper, although it was written in Classical Chinese. Its successor, Hansŏng jubo was the first to be written in primarily Korean (mixed script).[113]
1 2 3 4 5 6 Nominally associated with the Holy Roman Empire until 1648, but de facto independent since 1499
↑ Nominally associated with the Holy Roman Empire until 1648, but de facto separated since 1556
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At the same time, then, as the printing press in the physical, technological sense was invented, 'the press' in the extended sense of the word also entered the historical stage. The phenomenon of publishing was born.
↑ Farinelli, Giuseppe (2004). Storia del giornalismo italiano: dalle origini a oggi (in Italian). Torino: UTET libreria. p.15. ISBN88-7750-891-4. OCLC58604958.
1 2 Bellettini, Pierangelo (1998). "Le Più Antiche Gazzette a Stampa Di Milano (1640) e Di Bologna (1642)". La Bibliofilía (in Italian). 100 (2/3): 465–494.
↑ Nuñez, Teresa. La prensa periódica de Barcelona en el siglo XVIII. Prensa erudita, gacetas y pronósticos uab.cat
↑ Anvers, Lourenço de; Rosa, Domingos Lopes; Álvares, António (17 July 2018). "Gazeta". na Officina de Lourenço de Anueres. Retrieved 17 July 2018– via catalogo.bnportugal.pt Library Catalog.
↑ Beccaria, Roberto (1994). I periodici genovesi dal 1473 al 1899 (in Italian). Genova. Items 423, 615. OCLC260186158.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Saccardo, Rosanna (1942). La stampa periodica veneziana fino alla caduta della Repubblica (in Italian). Padova: Tip. del seminario. pp.39–47.
↑ Ernesto, Milano (1992). "Giornali e periodici modenesi e reggiani dal Seicento all'inizio del sec. XX". In Roversi, Giancarlo (ed.). Storia del giornalismo in Emilia Romagna e a Pesaro: dagli albori al primo Novecento (in Italian). Casalecchio di Reno: Grafis. pp.263–302.
↑ Bongiovanni, Carmela (1993), "Musica e musicisti attraverso gli "Avvisi" di Genova (1777–1797)", La Berio: Rivista semestrale di storia locale e di informazioni bibliografiche (in Italian), 33 (1), Comune di Genova: 20–28, OCLC643754565
↑ Gorian, Rudj (2001). "Le «Notizie del mondo» di Antonio Graziosi. Nascita, diffusione e confezionamento di una gazzetta veneziana settecentesca". In Rozzo, Ugo (ed.). La lettera e il torchio: studi sulla produzione libraria tra XVI e XVIII secolo (in Italian). Udine: Forum. pp.409–466. ISBN88-8420-020-2. OCLC50022997.
↑ Visconti, Alessandro (1981). Bézzola, Guido (ed.). Pirola: due secoli: 1781–1981 (in Italian). Milano: Pirola. pp.15–20.
↑ JONES, T. COLE (2012). ""Displaying the Ensigns of Harmony": The French Army in Newport, Rhode Island, 1780–1781". The New England Quarterly. 85 (3): 438. doi:10.1162/TNEQ_a_00208. JSTOR23251387. S2CID57561491.
↑ "News Celebrates Sesquicentennial". Utah Division of State History. In the spring of 1847, [Brigham] Young ordered [William W.] Phelps to buy a press for the settlement the Mormons planned to establish in the West. That summer Phelps borrowed $61 from Alexander Badlam, Sam Brannan's brother-in-law, to purchase a Ramage press in Boston. Buying a press, type and newsprint was one thing, but hauling it 1,100 miles from the Missouri River was another. To do the job, the Mormons turned to Howard Egan, a veteran frontiersman and future Pony Express agent. By May 1849, Egan was on his way west with 57 emigrants, the mail, six dogs, a cat and the printing press. By the first week in August, Egan's 22 wagons rumbled into Salt Lake Valley.
↑ Busteed, H. E. Echoes from Old Madras: Being Chiefly Reminiscences of the Days of Warren Hastings, Francis and Impey. 2nd ed. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink And Co., 1888, 182.
↑ Xiaoqun Xu. Chinese Professionals and the Republican State: The Rise of Professional Associations in Shangahai, 1912–1937. Cambridge University Press, 2001. p. 45.
1 2 3 Altman 1984, p.685: "The parallel to the Chosen shinpo in Japan had been Japan's first newspaper in any language, the English-language Nagasaki Shipping List and Advertiser, published by an Englishman, Albert W. Hansard, from June 1861."
↑ Altman 1984, p.685: "Japanese published the first newspaper in Korea, the Chosen shinpo. Filling the role that had been assumed elsewhere by Westerners, the Japanese began publishing the Chosen shinpo on December 10, 1881, in Pusan, the treaty port on the southeast Korean coast that had been established by the Kanghwa Treaty of February 1876."
Altman, Albert A. (1984), "Korea's First Newspaper: The Japanese Chosen shinpo", The Journal of Asian Studies, 43 (4): 685–696, doi:10.2307/2057150, JSTOR2057150, S2CID154966097
De Lange, William (2023). A History of Japanese Journalism: State of Affairs and Affairs of State. Toyo Press. ISBN978-94-92722-393.
McGovern, Melvin (1967), "Early Western Presses in Korea", Korea Journal: 21–23
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