A rukun tetangga (abbreviated RT, literally "pillar of neighbours") is an administrative division of a village in Indonesia, under a rukun warga. The RT is the lowest administrative division of Indonesia.
The rukun tetangga operates through consultation in the framework of community service,[1] set by the village or villages.[2]
The local level of governance of rukun warga and rukun tetangga also includes the rukun kampung[3]
A rukun tetangga is chaired by a ketua RT elected by its citizens. An RT consists of a number of households (KK).
Most information about governance and functioning of the RT and RW is in Indonesian.[4][5] Some non-Indonesian anthropologists have written about the functions and issues.[6][7][8][9]
Malaysia
In Malaysia, the Rukun Tetangga refers to the Neighbourhood Watch Scheme introduced by the government in 1975 at the height of the Communist insurgency in Malaysia. Its objective is to fosters national unity and security among the people in the neighbourhood watch areas (Kawasan Rukun Tetanga). After the communist insurgency ended in 1990, Rukun Tetangga is converted into an organization for maintaining the well-being of the people in the urban and rural neighbourhood areas.
↑ "Self-help street by street". The Canberra Times. Vol.41, no.11, 769. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 17 August 1967. p.19. Retrieved 15 July 2016– via National Library of Australia.
↑ Suwarno, P. J; Universitas Sanata Dharma (1995), Dari azazyookai dan tonarigumi ke rukun kampung dan rukun tetangga di Yogyakarta (1942-1989): sebuah tinjauan historis (Cet. 1ed.), Universitas Sanata Dharma, ISBN978-979-8927-09-6
↑ Mearns, David (1999-04-01), "Urban Kampongs in Ambon: whose domain? Whose desa?(Indonesia)", The Australian Journal of Anthropology, 10 (1), Australian Anthropological Society: 15(1), doi:10.1111/j.1835-9310.1999.tb00010.x, ISSN1035-8811
↑ Guinness, Patrick; Asian Studies Association of Australia (1986), Harmony and hierarchy in a Javanese kampung, Oxford University Press, ISBN978-0-19-582666-1
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In Indonesia, village or subdistrict is the fourth-level subdivision and the smallest administrative division of Indonesia below a district, regency/city, and province. Similar administrative divisions outside of Indonesia include barangays in the Philippines, Muban in Thailand, civil townships and incorporated municipalities in the United States and Canada, communes in France and Vietnam, dehestan in Iran, hromada in Ukraine, Gemeinden in Germany, comuni in Italy, or municipios in Spain. The UK equivalent are civil parishes in England and communities in Wales. There are a number of names and types for villages in Indonesia, with desa being the most frequently used for regencies, and kelurahan for cities or for those communities within regencies which have town characteristics. According to the 2019 report by the Ministry of Home Affairs, there are 8,488 urban villages and 74,953 rural villages in Indonesia. North Aceh Regency contained the highest number of rural villages (852) amongst all of the regencies of Indonesia, followed by Pidie Regency with 730 rural villages and Bireuen Regency with 609 rural villages. Prabumulih, with only 12 rural villages, contained the fewest. Counted together, the sixteen regencies of Indonesia containing the most rural villages—namely, North Aceh (852), Pidie (730), Bireuen (609), Aceh Besar (604), Tolikara (541), East Aceh (513), Yahukimo (510), Purworejo (469), Lamongan (462), South Nias (459), Kebumen (449), Garut (421), Bojonegoro (419), Bogor (416), Cirebon (412), and Pati (401)—contain one-third of all the rural villages in Indonesia. Five of these are located in Aceh, two in Highland Papua, three in Central Java, two in East Java, three in West Java, and one in North Sumatra. An average number of rural villages in the regencies and 15 cities of Indonesia is 172 villages. A village is the lowest administrative division in Indonesia, and it is the lowest of the four levels. The average land area of villages in Indonesia is about 25.41 km2 (9.81 sq mi), while its average population is about 3,723 people.
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A rukun warga is an administrative division of Indonesia under the village or kelurahan. Rukun warga not including the division of administration, and the formation of local communities is through consultation in the framework of community service set by the village or villages. An RW is further divided into rukun tetangga (RT). Most information about governance and functioning of the RW and RT is in Indonesian. Some non-Indonesian anthropologists have written about the functions and issues of the RW.
In Indonesia, district is the third-level administrative subdivision, below regency or city. The local term kecamatan is used in the majority of Indonesian areas. The term distrik is used in provinces in Papua. In the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the term kapanewon is used for districts within the regencies, while the term kemantren is used for districts within Yogyakarta, the province's only city. According to Statistics Indonesia, there are a total of 7,252 districts in Indonesia as at 2019, subdivided into 83,820 administrative villages. An average number of districts in the provinces of Indonesia is 190 districts, with an average area of 262.62 km2 (101.40 sq mi), and an average population of about 38,488 people.
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