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This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 31st United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1849, to March 3, 1851.
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprises the legislature of the United States. The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol Building, in Washington, D.C.
The Thirty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1849, to March 4, 1851, during the 16 months of the Zachary Taylor presidency and the first eight months of the administration of Millard Fillmore's. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Democratic majority, while there was a Democratic plurality in the House.
Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator's first term. Behind this is former service as a senator (only giving the senator seniority within his or her new incoming class), service as vice president, a House member, a cabinet secretary, or a governor of a state. The final factor is the population of the senator's state. [1] [2]
The vice president of the United States is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government, after the president of the United States, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch, as President of the Senate. In this capacity, the vice president presides over Senate deliberations, but may not vote except to cast a tie-breaking vote. The vice president also presides over joint sessions of Congress.
The United States House of Representatives is the lower house of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper house. Together they compose the national legislature of the United States.
In the United States, a governor serves as the chief executive officer and commander-in-chief in each of the fifty states and in the five permanently inhabited territories, functioning as both head of state and head of government therein. As such, governors are responsible for implementing state laws and overseeing the operation of the state executive branch. As state leaders, governors advance and pursue new and revised policies and programs using a variety of tools, among them executive orders, executive budgets, and legislative proposals and vetoes. Governors carry out their management and leadership responsibilities and objectives with the support and assistance of department and agency heads, many of whom they are empowered to appoint. A majority of governors have the authority to appoint state court judges as well, in most cases from a list of names submitted by a nominations committee.
Senators who were sworn in during the middle of the two-year congressional term (up until the last senator who was not sworn in early after winning the November 1850 election) are listed at the end of the list with no number.
Class | Terms of service of senators that will expire in years |
---|---|
Class 1 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1851 [3] |
Class 2 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1853 [4] |
Class 3 | Terms of service of senators that will expire in 1855 [5] |
Rank | Senator (party-state) | Seniority date | Other factors |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Hart Benton (D-MO) [6] | August 10, 1821 | |
2 | Samuel Shethar Phelps (W-VT) [6] | March 4, 1839 | |
3 | Daniel Sturgeon (D-PA) [6] | January 14, 1840 | |
4 | Willie Person Mangum (W-NC) | November 25, 1840 | |
5 | John Macpherson Berrien (W-GA) | March 4, 1841 | Former senator |
6 | Jacob Welsh Miller (W-NJ) | ||
7 | William Lewis Dayton (W-NJ) [6] | July 2, 1842 | |
8 | James Alfred Pearce (W-MD) | March 4, 1843 | Former representative (6 years); Maryland 15th in population (1840) |
9 | William Upham (W-VT) | ||
10 | David Rice Atchison (R-MO) [6] | October 14, 1843 | |
11 | Daniel Stevens Dickinson (D-NY) [6] | November 30, 1844 | |
12 | Daniel Webster (W-MA) [7] | March 4, 1845 | Former senator (13 years) |
13 | Thomas Corwin (W-OH) [8] | Former representative (9 years) | |
14 | Hopkins Lacy Turney (D-TN) [6] | Former representative (6 years) | |
15 | Jesse David Bright (D-IN) | Indiana 10th in population (1840) | |
16 | Reverdy Johnson (W-MD) [9] | Maryland 15th in population (1840) | |
17 | Albert Collins Greene (W-RI) [6] | Rhode Island 24th in population (1840) | |
18 | John Davis (W-MA) | March 24, 1845 | |
19 | David Levy Yulee (D-FL) [6] | July 1, 1845 | Former delegate |
20 | John Caldwell Calhoun (D-SC) [10] | November 26, 1845 | |
21 | Thomas Jefferson Rusk (D-TX) | February 21, 1846 | |
22 | Samuel Houston (D-TX) | February 26, 1846 | Former representative |
23 | George Edmund Badger (W-NC) | November 25, 1846 | |
24 | Andrew Pickens Butler (D-SC) | December 4, 1846 | |
25 | James Murray Mason (D-VA) | January 21, 1847 | |
26 | Robert Mercer Taliaferro Hunter (D-VA) | March 4, 1847 | Former representative (8 years); Virginia 4th in population (1840) |
27 | Joseph Rogers Underwood (W-KY) | Former representative (8 years); Kentucky 6th in population (1840) | |
28 | Stephen Arnold Douglas (D-IL) | Former representative (4 years) | |
29 | John Parker Hale (ID-NH) | Former representative (2 years) | |
30 | Alpheus Felch (D-MI) | Former governor | |
31 | James Ware Bradbury (D-ME) | Maine 13th in population (1840) | |
32 | Henry Stuart Foote (D-MS) | Mississippi 17th in population (1840) | |
33 | Solomon Weathersbee Downs (D-LA) | Louisiana 19th in population (1840) | |
34 | John Hopkins Clarke (W-RI) | Rhode Island 24th in population (1840) | |
35 | Presley Spruance (W-DE) | Delaware 26th in population (1840) | |
36 | Jefferson Davis (D-MS) | August 10, 1847 | |
37 | Roger Sherman Baldwin (W-CT) [6] | November 11, 1847 | |
38 | John Bell (W-TN) | November 22, 1847 | |
39 | Wyman Bradbury Seavy Moor (D-ME) [11] | January 5, 1848 | |
40 | Solon Borland (D-AR) | March 30, 1848 | |
41 | William King Sebastian (D-AR) | May 12, 1848 | |
42 | Hannibal Hamlin (D-ME) | June 8, 1848 | Former representative (4 years); Maine 13th in population (1840) |
43 | Henry Dodge (D-WI) | Former delegate (4 years); Wisconsin 28th in population (1840) | |
44 | Isaac Pigeon Walker (D-WI) | Wisconsin 28th in population (1840) | |
45 | William Rufus de Vane King (D-AL) | July 1, 1848 | |
46 | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D-AL) | November 25, 1848 | |
47 | Augustus Caesar Dodge (D-IA) | December 7, 1848 | Former delegate (6 years) |
48 | George Wallace Jones (D-IA) | Former delegate (3 years) | |
49 | John Wales (W-DE) [6] | February 23, 1849 | |
50 | Lewis Cass (D-MI) | March 4, 1849 | Former senator |
51 | Salmon P. Chase (D-OH) | ||
52 | William Dawson (W-GA) | ||
53 | Jackson Morton (W-FL) | ||
54 | Moses Norris, Jr. (D-NH) | ||
55 | William H. Seward (W-NY) | ||
56 | James Shields (D-IL) | ||
57 | Truman Smith (W-CO) | ||
58 | Pierre Soule (D-LA) | ||
59 | James Whitcomb (D-IN) | ||
60 | James Cooper (W-PA) | ||
Jeremiah Clemens (D-AL) | November 30, 1849 | ||
David Stewart (W-MA) [12] | December 6, 1849 | ||
Thomas Pratt (D-MD) | January 12, 1850 | ||
Franklin Elmore (D-SC) | April 11, 1850 | ||
Robert Barnwell (D-SC) | June 4, 1850 | ||
Thomas Ewing (W-OH) | July 20, 1850 | ||
Robert Winthrop (W-MA) | July 22, 1850 | ||
John C. Frémont (R-CA) | September 9, 1850 | ||
William M. Gwin (D-CA) | |||
Robert Rhett (D-SC) | December 18, 1850 | ||
Robert Rantoul, Jr. (D-MA) [6] | February 1, 1851 | ||