Ratan Thiyam

Last updated

Ratan Thiyam
Born (1948-01-20) 20 January 1948 (age 76)
NationalityIndian
Alma mater National School of Drama
Occupation(s)Playwright, Theatre Director
Founder Chorus Repertory Theatre, 1976
Years active1974–present
Known for Chorus Repertory Theatre
Awards Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in Direction, 1987
Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship 2012

Ratan Thiyam (born 20 January 1948) is an Indian playwright and theatre director, and the winner of Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1987, one of leading figures of the "theatre of roots" movement in Indian theatre, which started in the 1970s. [1] Also known as Thiyam Nemai, Ratan Thiyam is known for writing and staging plays that use ancient Indian theatre traditions and forms in a contemporary context. [2] A former painter, and proficient in direction, design, script and music, Thiyam is often considered one of leading contemporary theatre gurus. [3]

Contents

He worked as chairperson of the prestigious National School of Drama from 2013 to 2017. He had also worked as vice-chairman of Sangeet Natak Akademi before joining NSD. He has also worked as Director of National School of Drama from 1987 to 1989. He is also the founder-director of Chorus Repertory Theatre, formed on the outskirts of Imphal, Manipur in 1976. [4] He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in Direction in 1987, given by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, and the Padma Shri given by Government of India in 1989. He was awarded the 2012 Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour in the performing arts conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama. In the year 2013, Ratan Thiyam receives honorary D.lit from Assam University, Silchar. [5]

Early life and education

Ratan Thiyam graduated from National School of Drama, New Delhi in 1974. [6]

Career

Chorus Repertory Theatre founded by Ratan Thiyam in 1976 Chorus Repertory Theater.jpg
Chorus Repertory Theatre founded by Ratan Thiyam in 1976

He went on to set up a theatre group called Chorus Repertory Theatre [7] in Imphal, Manipur in 1976. He was also briefly the director of National School of Drama (NSD), New Delhi (1987–88). [1]

His production of Ajneya's Uttar Priyadarshi in Meitei was staged at the 1st Bharat Rang Mahotsav (BRM), the annual theatre festival of National School of Drama (NSD), Delhi in 1999, [8] his presentation of Kalidasa's epic poem Ritusamharam was closing production of 4th BRM in 2002, [9] subsequently the 10th BRM in 2008, which also marked the golden jubilee of NSD, opened at Kamani Auditorium, New Delhi, with a performance was Prologue, the first part of his Manipur Trilogy, when all past alumni has gathered for the festival. [10] [11] [12] The 12th BRM in January 2010 featured Ratan Thiyam's When we Dead Awaken. [13]

The plays of Ratan Thiyam

His works profess a deep concern for social welfare and spiritual yearnings in the midst of the political chaos in the modern world. His plays infuse rationalised and multifaceted analysis of myriad perspectives. Using ingenious theatrical stagecraft, his plays are tinged with literary beauty and meaning. Most of Ratan Thiyam's plays are thematically Indianised and are profound plays with universal appeal.

His works are strongly influenced by Natya Sastra, an Indian theatre style propounded by Bharata during the second century B.C., as also ancient Greek drama, and the Noh theatre of Japan. His approach to theatre has been shaped by years of study under the tutelage of several major exponents of the traditional Meitei performing arts. Thiyam is also known for his use of traditional martial arts, of Thang-Ta in his plays, such as in Urubhangam (Broken Thigh), of Sanskrit playwright Bhāsa itself based on an episode from epic, the Mahabharata , which along with Chakravyuh (Army Formation) is considered one of his finest works. [14] In 1986, he adapted Jean Anouilh's "Antigone" as Lengshonnei, a comment on the personal behaviour of politicians, failing to handle political situation in the state. [1] Uttar Priyadarshi (The Final Beatitude), an adaptation of Hindi verse play by playwright and poet Agyeya in 1996, based on a story of redemption of King Ashoka, a man's struggle against his own inner dark side and a plea for peace, knowing its impact on future generation. The play has since travelled to many parts of the South Asia, Australia and the US. [15] [16]

His play Andha Yug (The Blind Age), known for creating an intense and intimate experience, around the epochal theme, was famously staged in an open-air performance, at Tonga, Japan, on 5 August 1994, a day before the forty-ninth anniversary of Atomic Holocaust in Hiroshima. [17]

His major plays include Ritusamharam: The work seeks solace and sanity amidst chaos and violence of today's world. [18]

In 2014, Thiyam opened a Manipuri adaptation of Macbeth, translocated to a historical Meitei context, with names of characters unchanged. It was the opening act at the 2019 inaugural Bangladesh International Theatre Festival. [19]

List of plays

'The Shrine', the main theatre of Ratan Thiyam's Chorus Repertory, Imphal The Shrine at Chorus.jpg
'The Shrine', the main theatre of Ratan Thiyam's Chorus Repertory, Imphal

Awards

Some Roots Grow Upwards a 2003 documentary by Kavita Joshi and Malati Rao, was based on the life and work of Ratan Thiyam, especially his political ideologies, and his use of theatre as medium of political protest. [34]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bansi Kaul</span> Indian writer and theatre director (1949–2021)

Bansi Kaul was an Indian theatre director and the founder of Rang Vidushak, a theatre group in Bhopal. He was a recipient of the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honor, in 2014, and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1995. Some of his notable plays included Aala Afsar, Kahan Kabir, and Sidhi Dar Sidhi urf Tukke pe Tukka. He was a designer and associate show director for the 2010 Commonwealth Games opening ceremony and also the art director for the 1986 and 1987 Khajuraho Festival.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">B. V. Karanth</span> Indian filmmaker, theatre personality

Babukodi Venkataramana Karanth widely known as B. V. Karanth was an Indian film director, playwright, actor, screenwriter, composer, and dramatist known for his works in the Kannada theatre, Kannada cinema, and Hindi cinema. One of the pioneers of the Parallel Cinema, Karanth was an alumnus of the National School of Drama (1962) and later, its director. He received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1976), six National Film Awards, and the civilian honor Padma Shri for his contributions towards the field of art.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National School of Drama</span> Theatre training institute in India

National School of Drama (NSD) is a theatre training institute situated at New Delhi, India. It is an autonomous organization under Ministry of Culture, Government of India. It was set up in 1959 by the Sangeet Natak Akademi and became an independent school in 1975. In 2005, it was granted deemed university status, but in 2011 it was revoked. Paresh Rawal is the current Chairperson & Chittaranjan Tripathy currently serves as Director of National School of Drama (NSD).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dharamvir Bharati</span> Hindi Poet and Author

Dharamvir Bharati was a renowned Hindi poet, author, playwright and a social thinker of India. He was the chief editor of the popular Hindi weekly magazine Dharmayug, from 1960 till 1987.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sangeet Natak Akademi</span> Indian national level academy for performing arts

Sangeet Natak Akademi is the national level academy for performing arts set up by the Government of India.

Ram Gopal Bajaj is an Indian theatre director, academic, and a Hindi film actor. He has also been a faculty member and a former director of National School of Drama, New Delhi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Habib Tanvir</span> Indian actor

Habib Tanvir was one of the most popular Indian Urdu playwrights, a theatre director, poet and actor. He was the writer of plays such as, Agra Bazar (1954) and Charandas Chor (1975). A pioneer in Urdu and Hindi theatre, he was most known for his work with Chhattisgarhi tribals, at the Naya Theatre, a theatre company he founded in 1959 in Bhopal. He went on to include indigenous performance forms such as nacha, to create not only a new theatrical language, but also milestones such as Charandas Chor, Gaon ka Naam Sasural, Mor Naam Damad and Kamdeo ka Apna Basant Ritu ka Sapna.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shyamanand Jalan</span> Indian thespian

Shyamanand Jalan was a Kolkata-based Indian theatre director, and actor. He is credited for the renaissance period of modern Indian theatre and especially the Hindi theatre in Kolkata from the 1960s to 1980s. He was the first to perform modernist Mohan Rakesh, starting with Ashadh Ka Ek Din in 1960 and in the coming years bridged the gap between Hindi theatre and Bengali theatre, by mounting Hindi productions of works by Bengali playwrights, like Badal Sircar's Evam Indrajit (1968) and Pagla Ghora (1971), which in turn introduced Sircar to rest of the country. In 2005, he directed his first and only film Eashwar Mime Co., which was an adaptation of Dibyendu Palit's story, Mukhabhinoy, by Vijay Tendulkar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bharat Rang Mahotsav</span> Annual theatre festival in India

Bharat Rang Mahotsav (BRM) or the National Theatre Festival, started in 1999, is the annual theatre festival organised by National School of Drama (NSD), New Delhi. The festival was started to showcase works of Indian theatre practitioners, and it has grown over the years to attract international performers as well. National School of Drama is India's premier theatre training institute funded by Govt. of India.

Amal Allana is an Indian theatre director, scenic designer and costume designer and presently she is in her second consecutive term as the Chairperson of National School of Drama, India's premier institute of Theatre training, she also runs the Dramatic Art and Design Academy (DADA), New Delhi, with her husband Nissar Allana, which they co-founded in 2000.

Shanta Kalidas Gandhi was an Indian theatre director, dancer and playwright who was closely associated with IPTA, the cultural wing of the Communist Party of India. She studied with Indira Gandhi at a residential school in the early 1930s, and remained close to the prime minister in later life. She received many government awards and sinecures under the Indira Gandhi administration, including the Padma Shri (1984) and being made chairperson of the National School of Drama (1982–84).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elam Endira Devi</span> Indian classical dancer and teacher

Elam Endira Devi, is an Indian classical dancer and teacher, known for her expertise and scholarship in the classical dance form of Manipuri, especially in the genres of Lai Haraoba and Raas. The Government of India honored her, in 2014, with the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, for her services to the field of art and culture.

Ningthoukhongjam Khelchandra Singh was an Indian writer, lexicographer and historian, known as the author of Manipuri to Manipuri and English, the first modern general dictionary in Meitei language, which was published in 1964. He was a fellow of the Sahitya Akademi and Sangeet Natak Akademi. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of Padma Shri in 1987.

Thingbaijam Babu Singh was an Indian classical dancer, academic and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Manipuri. He was the Pradhan Guru of Pung and Raas traditions of Manipuri dance at the Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy of the Sangeet Natak Akademi. Born on 8 February 1936 at Lairensajik, a small village in the state of Manipur, he was known to have been one of the notable choreographers and teachers of Manipuri dance and had a long line of renowned performers such as Elam Endira Devi, Ibemubi Devi, and Priti Patel, as his students. Singh was the author of a book, Meitei Punglon Raga Ahouba, and was a recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for the year 1990. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2007, for his contributions to Manipuri dance.

Shumang Kumhei, also known as Shumang Leela, is a Meitei traditional form of theatre, usually performed in Manipur, North East India. The theatre is arranged in the form of open air from four sides. The roles are all played by male actors, some dressed as beautiful ladies. The role of male characters are played by female artists in case of female theatre groups. This traditional theatre form was prevalent since the time of monarchical rule in Manipur. But the proper form of Shumang Leela had its inception in 1895 A.D.

Makhonmani Mongsaba is an Indian author, actor, producer and director from Imphal, Manipur. He got his doctorate degree in Manipuri from Manipur University. In 2013, he won the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award for his book Chinglon Amadagi Amada, a travelogue. He published the book Matamgi Manipur:The First Manipuri Feature Film by Bobby Wahengbam under the name Angomningthou Preservation and Documentation. It won the Best Book on Cinema at the 65th National Film Awards 2018 and both the writer and the publisher received the Swarna Kamal award.

<i>Lairembigee Eshei</i> Meitei language play

Lairembigee Eshei, also known as Song of the Nymphs, is a Meitei language play, written and directed by Ratan Thiyam, performed by the "Chorus Repertoire Theatre" of Imphal. It was shown as a closing play at the 21st Bharat Rang Mahotsav at Kamani Hall in Delhi. It was staged on the concluding day of the 9th National Prayas Natya Mela. It was also staged as the concluding event of the three-day State conference on theatre organised by the Network of Artistic Theatre Activists Kerala (NATAK) in Kochi, Kerala.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Classicism in Meitei culture</span> Art and cultural movement

The cultural heritages of Meitei civilization has classicism in diverse traditions of cinemas, dances, language, literature, music, theatre, etc.

The Bacchae, also simply known as Bacchae, is a classical Meitei language play, based on an ancient Greek tragedy of the same name, written by Euripides, one of the three tragedians of classical Athens. Directed by Thawai Thiyam, son of Ratan Thiyam, it is based on the story of king Pentheus of Thebes and Olympian god Dionysus.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Cody, p. 1348
  2. Thiyam Nemai Archived 6 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Theater in Review – 'Nine Hills One Valley' by Jason Zinoman, New York Times , 14 October 2006.
  4. The world's a stage: Theatredoyen Ratan Thiyam on how he conquers space The Hindu , 30 December 2008.
  5. "India needs many more regional schools of theatre: NSD chairperson Ratan Thiyam". Zee News. 23 December 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  6. NSD Graduates Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  7. chorusimphal
  8. "All the world's classics, on a stage". The Indian Express . 18 March 1999.
  9. Kavita Nagpal (16 April 2002). "BHARAT RANG MAHOTSAV : A RETROSPECTIVE". Press Information Bureau (Govt. of India).
  10. National School of Drama celebrates golden jubilee in style The Economic Times, 12 January 2008.
  11. Manisha Jha (27 December 2007). "Celebrating 50 years of NSD". The Hindu . Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 30 December 2007.
  12. "The Graduates". Indian Express. 28 December 2007. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
  13. Anima, P. (2 January 2010). "Talking theatre". The Hindu . Chennai, India.
  14. India – Ratan Thiyam The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific, by Don Rubin. Published by Taylor & Francis, 2001. ISBN   0-415-26087-6. Page 146.
  15. 1 2 Review: Uttarpriyadarshi Archived 5 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine by Renee Renouf, ballet magazine, December 2000,
  16. Margo Jefferson (27 October 2000). "Next Wave Festival Review; In Stirring Ritual Steps, Past and Present Unfold". New York Times.
  17. Dharwadker, p. 196
  18. Profile at manipuronline Archived 6 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  19. Vikram Phukan (29 June 2019). "Desi drama, subcontinental style". ‘’The Hindu’’. Mumbai, India. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
  20. Dharwadker, p. 105
  21. Asia society Archived 26 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  22. "Real art attacks the wrong system" and director-playwright Ratan Thiyam's plays bear testimony to his words The Hindu , 30 January 2005
  23. Ratan Thiyam at Fordham University Archived 9 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  24. Bharatrangmohotsav (theater Festival) 2008, National School of Drama, New Delhi, India.
  25. Delhi Ibsen Festival : When We Dead Awaken – Play
  26. Another play by Ratan Thiyam, another astonishing splash. The Telegraph , 6 March 2009.
  27. "The National School of Drama's Bharat Rang Mahotsav... Featuring 96 productions..." MumbaiTheatreGuide.com. 12 January 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  28. "SNA: List of Akademi Awardees". Sangeet Natak Akademi Official website. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011.
  29. which he returned in July 2001
  30. "Padma Awards". Ministry of Communications and Information Technology.
  31. "Ratan Thiyam Received Bharat Muni Samman". odisha.360.batoi.com. 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Ratan Thiyam, the doyen of theatre was awarded Bharat Muni Samman for the year 2011
  32. "Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowships and Akademi Awards 2012" (PDF). Press Information Bureau, Govt. of India. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  33. "Ratan Thiyam – the doyen of Indian theatre". India-north-east.com. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  34. Open Frame 2003– August 21–27 2003 India Habitat Centre, New Delhi.