Shabana Azmi (born 18 September 1950) is an Indian actress of film,television and theatre. Her career in the Hindi film industry has spanned over 160 films,mostly within independent and neorealist parallel cinema,though her work extended to mainstream films as well as a number of international projects. One of India's most acclaimed actresses,Azmi is known for her portrayals of distinctive,often unconventional female characters across several genres.[1] She has won a record of five National Film Awards for Best Actress,[2][3] in addition to five Filmfare Awards and several international accolades. The Government of India honoured her with the Padma Shri in 1998 and the Padma Bhushan in 2012.
The daughter of poet Kaifi Azmi and stage actress Shaukat Azmi,she is an alumna of Film and Television Institute of India of Pune. Azmi made her film debut in 1974 with Ankur and soon became one of the leading actresses of parallel cinema,then a new-wave movement of art films known for their serious content and realism and sometimes received government patronage.[2][4] Several of her films have been cited as a form of progressivism and social reformism which offer a realistic portrayal of Indian society,its customs and traditions.
Azmi was born into a family,in Hyderabad,India.[7] Her parents are Kaifi Azmi (an Indian poet) and Shaukat Azmi (a veteran Indian People's Theatre Association stage actress),[6] both of whom were members of the Communist Party of India. Her brother,Baba Azmi,is a cinematographer,and her sister-in-law,Tanvi Azmi,is also an actress. Azmi was named at the age of eleven by Ali Sardar Jafri. Her parents used to call her Munni. Baba Azmi was named by Prof. Masood Siddiqui as Ahmer Azmi. Her parents had an active social life,and their home was always thriving with people and activities of the communist party. It was not unusual for her to wake up in the morning and find members of the communist party sleeping about,from a previous night's communist social that ran late. Early in childhood,the environment in her home inculcated into her a respect for family ties,social and human values;and her parents always supported her to develop a passion for intellectual stimulation and growth.[8][9][10]
Azmi attended Queen Mary School,Mumbai. She completed a graduate degree in Psychology from St. Xavier's College,Mumbai,and followed it with a course in acting at the Film and Television Institute of India (FTII),Pune.[6] She explained the reason she decided to attend the film institute,saying:"I had the privilege of watching Jaya Bhaduri in a (Diploma) film,Suman,and I was completely enchanted by her performance because it was unlike the other performances I had seen. I really marvelled at that and said,'My god,if by going to the Film Institute I can achieve that,that's what I want to do.'" Azmi eventually topped the list of successful candidates of 1972.[11]
Career
Shabana Azmi does not immediately fit into her rustic surroundings; but her poise and her personality are never in doubt, and in two high-pitched scenes she pulls out all her stops and firmly establishes herself as one of our finest dramatic actresses."
Azmi graduated from the FTII in 1973 and signed on to Khwaja Ahmad Abbas' Faasla and began work on Kanti Lal Rathod's Parinay as well. Her first release, however, was Shyam Benegal's directorial debut Ankur (1974). Belonging to the art-house genre of neo-realistic films, Ankur is based on a true story which occurred in Hyderabad. Azmi played Lakshmi, a married servant and villager who drifts into an affair with a college student who visits the countryside. Azmi was not the original choice for the film, and several leading actresses of that time refused to do it. The film went on to become a major critical success, and Azmi won her first National Film Award for Best Actress and her first nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress for her performance. Qurratulain Hyder wrote that Azmi lives her role and acts like a seasoned dramatic actress in her first film.[13]
She went on to receive the National Film Award for Best Actress consecutively for three years from 1983 to 1985 for her roles in Arth, Khandhar and Paar. Godmother (1999) earned her a record-setting fifth National Film Award, taking her tally to five. Azmi's acting has been characterised by a real-life depiction of the roles played by her. In Mandi (1983), she acted as a madam of a whorehouse. For this role, she put on weight and even chewed betel. Real-life portrayals continued in almost all her films. These included the role of a woman named Jamini resigned to her destiny in Khandhar and a typical urban Indian wife, mother and homemaker in Masoom (1983).
She mainly acted in experimental and parallel Indian cinema. Deepa Mehta's Fire (1996) depicts her as a lonely woman, Radha, in love with her sister-in-law. The on-screen depiction of lesbianism (perhaps the first in Indian cinema) drew severe protests and threats from many social groups as well as by the Indian authorities. Her role as Radha brought her international recognition with the Silver Hugo Award for Best Actress at the 32nd Chicago Film Festival and Jury Award for Best Actress at Outfest, Los Angeles.[6] She was the initial choice for Deepa Mehta's Water (2005), which was planned to hit the floors in 2000. A few scenes were already shot. Azmi had to shave her head with Nandita Das to portray the character of Shakuntala. However, due to political reasons, the film was shelved and later shot in 2005 with Seema Biswas replacing Azmi.[14]
Azmi debuted on the small screen in a soap opera titled Anupama. She portrayed a modern Indian woman who, while endorsing traditional Indian ethos and values, negotiated more freedom for herself. She has participated in many stage plays: notable among them include M. S. Sathyu's Safed Kundali (1980), based on The Caucasian Chalk Circle; and Feroz Abbas Khan's Tumhari Amrita with actor Farooq Sheikh, which ran for five years. She toured Singapore on an assignment with the Singapore Repertory Theatre Company, acting in Ingmar Bergman's adaptation of Ibsen's A Doll's House, which was directed by Rey Buono. She toured the UK, Dubai and India with British production Happy Birthday Sunita by Theatre Company RIFCO Arts in 2014. Pointing out the differences in all these media, she once remarked that theatre was really the actor's medium; the stage was the actor's space; cinema was the director's medium; and television was a writer's medium.[citation needed]
Personal life
Shabana Azmi with Javed Akhtar, in 2012.
Azmi was engaged to Benjamin Gilani in late 1970s, but the engagement was called off.[15] Later, she had an affair and married Javed Akhtar, a lyricist, poet and scriptwriter in Hindi films, on 9 December 1984, making her a member of the Akhtar-Azmi film family.[16] It was Javed Akhtar's second marriage, the first being with another Hindi film scriptwriter, Honey Irani. However Azmi's parents objected to her being involved with a married man with 2 children (Farhan Akhtar and Zoya Akhtar).[17][18] Indian actresses Farah Naaz and Tabu are her nieces and Tanvi Azmi is her sister-in-law.
Humanitarian and other work
Azmi has been a committed social activist, active in supporting child survival and fighting AIDS and injustice in real life.[19][20] She has campaigned against ostracism of victims of AIDS.[19] A small film clip issued by the Government of India depicts an HIV positive child cuddled in her arms and saying: "She does not need your rejection, she needs your love". In a Bengali film named Meghla Akash, directed by Nargis Akter, she played the role of a physician treating AIDS patients. She has also given her voice to an HIV/AIDS education animated software tutorial created by the nonprofit organisation TeachAids.[21]
Azmi at the 2006 World Economic Forum
She has participated in several plays and demonstrations denouncing communalism. In 1989, along with Swami Agnivesh and Asghar Ali Engineer, she undertook a four-day march for communal harmony from New Delhi to Meerut. Among the social groups whose causes she has advocated are slum dwellers, displaced Kashmiri Pandit migrants and victims of the earthquake at Latur (Maharashtra, India). The 1993 Mumbai riots appalled her and she emerged as a forceful critic of religious extremism. In 1995, she reflected on her life as an activist in an interview in Rungh.[22] After the 11 September 2001 attacks, she opposed the advice of the grand mufti of Jama Masjid calling upon the Muslims of India to join the people of Afghanistan in their fight by retorting that the leader go there alone.[23]
Azmi is regarded as one of the greatest actors of Indian cinema.[25]Rediff.com placed her as the seventh-greatest Indian actress of all time.[26] In 2022, she was placed in Outlook India's 75 Best Bollywood Actresses list.[27] Azmi was placed first in Rediff.com's "Best Bollywood Debut Ever" list, for her film Ankur.[28] In 2023, Rajeev Masand named Azmi as one of Hindi cinema's best actresses of all time.[29]Times of India placed her in its "50 Beautiful Faces" list.[30]
Filmfare included Azmi's performances in Mandi and Arth in its list of "80 Iconic Performances" of Bollywood, placed 37th and 27th respectively. For Mandi, it noted, "Shabana is dramatic, she is quirky and she´s bang on. A natural, her carefully restrained performance makes you smile at her lament about professionalism and loyalty. Although she is supported by a sterling cast, this is a satire which is all hers. See her spirited performances in Morning Raga, Masoom and Ankur as well."[31]
2002: Martin Luther King Professorship award by the University of Michigan conferred on her in recognition of her contribution to arts, culture and society.
2013: Awarded the Honorary Fellowship by the National Indian Students Union UK[37]
2018: Power Brands awarded Shabana Azmi the Bharatiya Manavata Vikas Puraskar for being one of the greatest and most versatile thespians of Indian cinema, for being a champion of women's education and a consistent advocate for civil and human rights, equality and peace and for empowering lives every day through the Mijwan Welfare Society.[38]
National awards
1988: Yash Bhartiya Award by the Government of Uttar Pradesh for highlighting women's issues in her work as an actress and activist.
1994: Rajiv Gandhi Award for "Excellence of Secularism"
2007: She was conferred with an honorary doctorate in art by Chancellor of the University Brandan Foster by the Leeds Metropolitan University in Yorkshire[40]
2008: She was conferred with an honorary doctorate by the Jamia Milia Islamia on Delhi in 2008.[39]
2013: She was conferred with an honorary doctorate by Simon Fraser University.[41]
2014: She was conferred with an honorary doctorate by TERI University on 5 February 2014.[42]
References
↑ "Shabana Azmi | FCCI". Journal of Indian Cinema. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
↑ Merchant, Ameen (1995). "Being Shabana Azmi". Rungh - A South Asian Quarterly of Culture, Comment and Criticism. 3. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: Rungh Cultural Society: 5–9. ISSN1188-9950.
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