CatSper2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CATSPER2 gene. [5] [6] CatSper2 is a member of the cation channels of sperm family of protein. The four proteins in this family together form a Ca2+-permeant ion channel specific essential for the correct function of sperm cells. [7]
Calcium ions play a primary role in the regulation of sperm motility. This gene belongs to a family of putative cation channels that are specific to spermatozoa and localize to the flagellum. The protein family features a single repeat with six membrane-spanning segments and a predicted calcium-selective pore region. This gene is part of a tandem repeat on chromosome 15q15; the second copy of this gene is thought to be a pseudogene. [8]
The cation channels of sperm also known as Catsper channels or CatSper, are ion channels that are related to the two-pore channels and distantly related to TRP channels. The four members of this family form voltage-gated Ca2+ channels that seem to be specific to sperm. As sperm encounter the more alkaline environment of the female reproductive tract, CatSper channels become activated by the altered ion concentration. These channels are required for proper fertilization. The study of these channels has been slow because they do not traffic to the cell membrane in many heterologous systems.
The inorganic dye ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride, also known as ruthenium red, is used in histology to stain aldehyde fixed mucopolysaccharides.
The short transient receptor potential channel 4 (TrpC4), also known as Trp-related protein 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPC4 gene.
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4 (hTRPM4), also known as melastatin-4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPM4 gene.
Melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 2 (MCH2) also known as G-protein coupled receptor 145 (GPR145) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCHR2 gene.
Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 4, also known as KCNN4, is a human gene encoding the KCa3.1 protein.
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1(GIRK-1) is encoded in the human by the gene KCNJ3.
Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB2 gene.
Calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CABYR gene.
Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 1 , also known as KCNN1 is a human gene encoding the KCa2.1 protein.
Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB4 gene.
Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel alpha-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNGA4 gene.
Two pore segment channel 1 (TPC1) is a human protein encoded by the TPCN1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an ion channel. In contrast to other calcium and sodium channels which have four homologous domains, each containing six transmembrane segments, TPCN1 only contains two domains.
Two pore segment channel 2 (TPC2) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TPCN2 gene. TPC2 is an ion channel, however, in contrast to other calcium and sodium channels which have four homologous domains, each containing 6 transmembrane segments, TPCN1 only contains two domain.
Mucolipin-3 also known as TRPML3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCOLN3 gene. It is a member of the small family of the TRPML channels, a subgroup of the large protein family of TRP ion channels.
CatSper1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CATSPER1 gene. CatSper1 is a member of the cation channels of sperm family of protein. The four proteins in this family together form a Ca2+-permeant ion channel specific essential for the correct function of sperm cells.
CatSper3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CATSPER3 gene. CatSper3 is a member of the cation channels of sperm family of proteins. The four proteins in this family together form a Ca2+-permeant ion channel specific essential for the correct function of sperm cells.
CatSper4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CATSPER4 gene. CatSper1 is a member of the cation channels of sperm family of protein. The four proteins in this family together form a Ca2+-permeant ion channel specific essential for the correct function of sperm cells.
Sperm chemotaxis is a form of sperm guidance, in which sperm cells (spermatozoa) follow a concentration gradient of a chemoattractant secreted from the oocyte and thereby reach the oocyte.
Voltage-gated hydrogen channel 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HVCN1 gene.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
 | This membrane protein–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
