KCNA2

KCNA2
Identifiers
Aliases	KCNA2 , HBK5, HK4, HUKIV, KV1.2, MK2, NGK1, RBK2, EIEE32, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2, DEE32
External IDs	OMIM: 176262; MGI: 96659; HomoloGene: 21034; GeneCards: KCNA2; OMA:KCNA2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1p13.3 Start 110,519,837 bp [1] End 110,631,474 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse) [2] Band 3 F2.3|3 46.61 cM Start 107,008,462 bp [2] End 107,022,321 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in Brodmann area 23 middle temporal gyrus lateral nuclear group of thalamus postcentral gyrus primary visual cortex cerebellar vermis superior frontal gyrus pons Brodmann area 46 endothelial cell Top expressed in lateral geniculate nucleus pontine nuclei lobe of cerebellum medial geniculate nucleus anterior horn of spinal cord medial vestibular nucleus medial dorsal nucleus deep cerebellar nuclei cerebellar vermis facial motor nucleus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function potassium channel activity voltage-gated ion channel activity ion channel activity protein binding voltage-gated potassium channel activity delayed rectifier potassium channel activity outward rectifier potassium channel activity kinesin binding Cellular component juxtaparanode region of axon axon terminus integral component of membrane perikaryon cell projection endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane voltage-gated potassium channel complex plasma membrane synapse integral component of plasma membrane neuronal cell body membrane axon cell junction dendrite endoplasmic reticulum neuron projection lamellipodium membrane presynaptic membrane lamellipodium potassium channel complex paranodal junction calyx of Held integral component of presynaptic membrane Biological process regulation of dopamine secretion regulation of ion transmembrane transport ion transport optic nerve structural organization potassium ion transport transmembrane transport potassium ion transmembrane transport regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep protein homooligomerization protein complex oligomerization sensory perception of pain neuronal action potential Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3737 16490 Ensembl ENSG00000177301 ENSMUSG00000040724 UniProt P16389 P63141 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001204269 NM_004974 NM_008417 RefSeq (protein) NP_001191198 NP_004965 NP_032443 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 110.52 – 110.63 Mb Chr 3: 107.01 – 107.02 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2 also known as K_v1.2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNA2 gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Function

Potassium channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. Their diverse functions include regulating neurotransmitter release, heart rate, insulin secretion, neuronal excitability, epithelial electrolyte transport, smooth muscle contraction, and cell volume. Four sequence-related potassium channel genes - shaker, shaw, shab, and shal - have been identified in Drosophila, and each has been shown to have human homolog(s). This gene encodes a member of the potassium channel, voltage-gated, shaker-related subfamily. This member contains six membrane-spanning domains with a shaker-type repeat in the fourth segment. It belongs to the delayed rectifier class, members of which allow nerve cells to efficiently repolarize following an action potential. The coding region of this gene is intronless, and the gene is clustered with genes KCNA3 and KCNA10 on chromosome 1. ^[6]

Interactions

KCNA2 has been shown to interact with KCNA4, ^[7] DLG4, ^[8] PTPRA, ^[9] KCNAB2, ^{[7] [10]} RHOA ^[11] and Cortactin. ^[12]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene cause KCNA2-related neurological disorders. These can include epilepsy, intellectual and developmental disabilities, movement disorders, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and hereditary spastic paraplegia ^{[13] [14]} .

See also

• Voltage-gated potassium channel
• Pandinotoxin

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177301 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040724 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Lazdunski M, McKinnon D, Pardo LA, et al. (December 2005). "International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 57 (4): 473–508. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.10. PMID   16382104. S2CID   219195192.
6. "Entrez Gene: KCNA2 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 2".
7. Coleman SK, Newcombe J, Pryke J, Dolly JO (August 1999). "Subunit composition of Kv1 channels in human CNS". Journal of Neurochemistry. 73 (2): 849–858. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730849.x . PMID   10428084.
8. Eldstrom J, Doerksen KW, Steele DF, Fedida D (November 2002). "N-terminal PDZ-binding domain in Kv1 potassium channels". FEBS Letters. 531 (3): 529–537. Bibcode:2002FEBSL.531..529E. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03572-X. PMID   12435606. S2CID   40689829.
9. Tsai W, Morielli AD, Cachero TG, Peralta EG (January 1999). "Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha participates in the m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-dependent regulation of Kv1.2 channel activity". The EMBO Journal. 18 (1): 109–118. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.1.109. PMC   1171107 . PMID   9878055.
10. Nakahira K, Shi G, Rhodes KJ, Trimmer JS (March 1996). "Selective interaction of voltage-gated K+ channel beta-subunits with alpha-subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (12): 7084–7089. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.12.7084 . PMID   8636142.
11. Cachero TG, Morielli AD, Peralta EG (June 1998). "The small GTP-binding protein RhoA regulates a delayed rectifier potassium channel". Cell. 93 (6): 1077–1085. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81212-X . PMID   9635436. S2CID   13943167.
12. Hattan D, Nesti E, Cachero TG, Morielli AD (October 2002). "Tyrosine phosphorylation of Kv1.2 modulates its interaction with the actin-binding protein cortactin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (41): 38596–38606. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205005200 . PMID   12151401.
13. Helbig KL, Hedrich UB, Shinde DN, Krey I, Teichmann AC, Hentschel J, et al. (October 2016). "A recurrent mutation in KCNA2 as a novel cause of hereditary spastic paraplegia and ataxia". Annals of Neurology. 80 (4) ana.24762: 638–642. doi:10.1002/ana.24762. PMC   5129488 . PMID   27543892.
14. Xie C, Kessi M, Yin F, Peng J (November 2024). "Roles of KCNA2 in Neurological Diseases: from Physiology to Pathology". Molecular Neurobiology. 61 (11): 8491–8517. doi:10.1007/s12035-024-04120-9. PMID   38517617.

Further reading

• Paulmichl M, Nasmith P, Hellmiss R, Reed K, Boyle WA, Nerbonne JM, et al. (September 1991). "Cloning and expression of a rat cardiac delayed rectifier potassium channel". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (17): 7892–7895. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88.7892P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.17.7892 . PMC   52410 . PMID   1715584.
• Grissmer S, Dethlefs B, Wasmuth JJ, Goldin AL, Gutman GA, Cahalan MD, et al. (December 1990). "Expression and chromosomal localization of a lymphocyte K+ channel gene". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (23): 9411–9415. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.9411G. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.23.9411 . PMC   55175 . PMID   2251283.
• McKinnon D (May 1989). "Isolation of a cDNA clone coding for a putative second potassium channel indicates the existence of a gene family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (14): 8230–8236. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83173-8 . PMID   2722779.
• Kim E, Niethammer M, Rothschild A, Jan YN, Sheng M (November 1995). "Clustering of Shaker-type K+ channels by interaction with a family of membrane-associated guanylate kinases". Nature. 378 (6552): 85–88. Bibcode:1995Natur.378...85K. doi:10.1038/378085a0. PMID   7477295. S2CID   4362906.
• Klocke R, Roberds SL, Tamkun MM, Gronemeier M, Augustin A, Albrecht B, et al. (December 1993). "Chromosomal mapping in the mouse of eight K(+)-channel genes representing the four Shaker-like subfamilies Shaker, Shab, Shaw, and Shal". Genomics. 18 (3): 568–574. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80358-1. PMID   7905852.
• Ramaswami M, Tanouy M, Mathew MK (August 1994). "Facile formation of heteromultimeric potassium channels by expression of cloned human cDNAs". Indian Journal of Biochemistry & Biophysics. 31 (4): 254–260. PMID   8002006.
• Nakahira K, Shi G, Rhodes KJ, Trimmer JS (March 1996). "Selective interaction of voltage-gated K+ channel beta-subunits with alpha-subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (12): 7084–7089. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.12.7084 . PMID   8636142.
• Adda S, Fleischmann BK, Freedman BD, Yu M, Hay DW, Kotlikoff MI (May 1996). "Expression and function of voltage-dependent potassium channel genes in human airway smooth muscle". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (22): 13239–13243. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.22.13239 . PMID   8662756.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . PMID   8889548.
• Kim E, Sheng M (1997). "Differential K+ channel clustering activity of PSD-95 and SAP97, two related membrane-associated putative guanylate kinases". Neuropharmacology. 35 (7): 993–1000. doi:10.1016/0028-3908(96)00093-7. PMID   8938729. S2CID   23755452.
• Cachero TG, Morielli AD, Peralta EG (June 1998). "The small GTP-binding protein RhoA regulates a delayed rectifier potassium channel". Cell. 93 (6): 1077–1085. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81212-X . PMID   9635436. S2CID   13943167.
• Tsai W, Morielli AD, Cachero TG, Peralta EG (January 1999). "Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha participates in the m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-dependent regulation of Kv1.2 channel activity". The EMBO Journal. 18 (1): 109–118. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.1.109. PMC   1171107 . PMID   9878055.
• Coleman SK, Newcombe J, Pryke J, Dolly JO (August 1999). "Subunit composition of Kv1 channels in human CNS". Journal of Neurochemistry. 73 (2): 849–858. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730849.x . PMID   10428084.
• D'Adamo MC, Imbrici P, Sponcichetti F, Pessia M (August 1999). "Mutations in the KCNA1 gene associated with episodic ataxia type-1 syndrome impair heteromeric voltage-gated K(+) channel function". FASEB Journal. 13 (11): 1335–1345. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.13.11.1335 . PMID   10428758. S2CID   12876970.
• Wade GR, Laurier LG, Preiksaitis HG, Sims SM (October 1999). "Delayed rectifier and Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) currents in human esophagus: roles in regulating muscle contraction". The American Journal of Physiology. 277 (4 Pt 1): G885 –G895. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.4.g885. PMID   10516156.
• Poliak S, Gollan L, Martinez R, Custer A, Einheber S, Salzer JL, et al. (December 1999). "Caspr2, a new member of the neurexin superfamily, is localized at the juxtaparanodes of myelinated axons and associates with K+ channels". Neuron. 24 (4): 1037–1047. doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81049-1 . PMID   10624965. S2CID   12444497.
• Manganas LN, Trimmer JS (September 2000). "Subunit composition determines Kv1 potassium channel surface expression". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (38): 29685–29693. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M005010200 . PMID   10896669.
• Kuryshev YA, Wible BA, Gudz TI, Ramirez AN, Brown AM (July 2001). "KChAP/Kvbeta1.2 interactions and their effects on cardiac Kv channel expression". American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology. 281 (1): C290 –C299. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.1.c290. PMID   11401852. S2CID   2308556.
• Byron KL, Lucchesi PA (March 2002). "Signal transduction of physiological concentrations of vasopressin in A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells. A role for PYK2 and tyrosine phosphorylation of K+ channels in the stimulation of Ca2+ spiking". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (9): 7298–7307. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M104726200 . PMID   11739373.

External links

• Kv1.2+Potassium+Channel at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• KCNA2+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.