KCNMB3

Last updated
KCNMB3
Identifiers
Aliases KCNMB3 , BKBETA3, HBETA3, K(VCA)BETA-3, KCNMB2, KCNMBL, SLO-BETA-3, SLOBETA3, potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 3
External IDs OMIM: 605222; MGI: 3612244; HomoloGene: 18141; GeneCards: KCNMB3; OMA:KCNMB3 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001163677
NM_014407
NM_171828
NM_171829
NM_171830

Contents

NM_001195074

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001157149
NP_055222
NP_741979
NP_741980
NP_741981

NP_001182003

Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 179.24 – 179.27 Mb Chr 3: 32.53 – 32.55 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB3 gene. [5] [6]

MaxiK channels are large conductance, voltage and calcium-sensitive potassium channels which are fundamental to the control of smooth muscle tone and neuronal excitability. MaxiK channels can be formed by 2 subunits: the pore-forming alpha subunit and the modulatory beta subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is an auxiliary beta subunit which may partially inactivate or slightly decrease the activation time of MaxiK alpha subunit currents. At least four transcript variants encoding four different isoforms have been found for this gene. [6]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BK channel</span> Family of transport proteins

BK channels (big potassium), are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, also known as Maxi-K, slo1, or Kca1.1. BK channels are voltage-gated potassium channels that conduct large amounts of potassium ions (K+) across the cell membrane, hence their name, big potassium. These channels can be activated (opened) by either electrical means, or by increasing Ca2+ concentrations in the cell. BK channels help regulate physiological processes, such as circadian behavioral rhythms and neuronal excitability. BK channels are also involved in many processes in the body, as it is a ubiquitous channel. They have a tetrameric structure that is composed of a transmembrane domain, voltage sensing domain, potassium channel domain, and a cytoplasmic C-terminal domain, with many X-ray structures for reference. Their function is to repolarize the membrane potential by allowing for potassium to flow outward, in response to a depolarization or increase in calcium levels.

Calcium-activated potassium channels are potassium channels gated by calcium, or that are structurally or phylogenetically related to calcium gated channels. They were first discovered in 1958 by Gardos who saw that calcium levels inside of a cell could affect the permeability of potassium through that cell membrane. Then in 1970, Meech was the first to observe that intracellular calcium could trigger potassium currents. In humans they are divided into three subtypes: large conductance or BK channels, which have very high conductance which range from 100 to 300 pS, intermediate conductance or IK channels, with intermediate conductance ranging from 25 to 100 pS, and small conductance or SK channels with small conductances from 2-25 pS.

Ca<sub>v</sub>2.1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cav2.1, also called the P/Q voltage-dependent calcium channel, is a calcium channel found mainly in the brain. Specifically, it is found on the presynaptic terminals of neurons in the brain and cerebellum. Cav2.1 plays an important role in controlling the release of neurotransmitters between neurons. It is composed of multiple subunits, including alpha-1, beta, alpha-2/delta, and gamma subunits. The alpha-1 subunit is the pore-forming subunit, meaning that the calcium ions flow through it. Different kinds of calcium channels have different isoforms (versions) of the alpha-1 subunit. Cav2.1 has the alpha-1A subunit, which is encoded by the CACNA1A gene. Mutations in CACNA1A have been associated with various neurologic disorders, including familial hemiplegic migraine, episodic ataxia type 2, and spinocerebellar ataxia type 6.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1</span> Voltage-gated potassium channel protein

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 also known as large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, subfamily M, alpha member 1 (KCa1.1), or BK channel alpha subunit, is a voltage gated potassium channel encoded by the KCNMA1 gene and characterized by their large conductance of potassium ions (K+) through cell membranes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNMB1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLCA1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Chloride channel accessory 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLCA1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CACNB2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNB2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CACNB4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNB4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CACNB3</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNB3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNMB2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNN2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 2, also known as KCNN2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the KCNN2 gene. KCNN2 is an ion channel protein also known as KCa2.2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CACNA2D1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNA2D1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNN1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 1 , also known as KCNN1 is a human gene encoding the KCa2.1 protein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNMB4</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNMB4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1H subunit</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, T type, alpha 1H subunit, also known as CACNA1H, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CACNA1H gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNA10</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10 also known as Kv1.8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNA10 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a voltage-gated potassium channel subunit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KCNU1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Potassium channel, subfamily U, member 1, also known as KCNU1, is a gene encoding the KCa5.1 protein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcium-activated potassium channel beta subunit</span>

In molecular biology, the calcium-activated potassium channel beta subunit is a family of proteins comprising the beta subunits of calcium-activated potassium channels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ball and chain inactivation</span> Model in neuroscience

In neuroscience, ball and chain inactivation is a model to explain the fast inactivation mechanism of voltage-gated ion channels. The process is also called hinged-lid inactivation or N-type inactivation. A voltage-gated ion channel can be in three states: open, closed, or inactivated. The inactivated state is mainly achieved through fast inactivation, by which a channel transitions rapidly from an open to an inactivated state. The model proposes that the inactivated state, which is stable and non-conducting, is caused by the physical blockage of the pore. The blockage is caused by a "ball" of amino acids connected to the main protein by a string of residues on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. The ball enters the open channel and binds to the hydrophobic inner vestibule within the channel. This blockage causes inactivation of the channel by stopping the flow of ions. This phenomenon has mainly been studied in potassium channels and sodium channels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LRRC26</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leucine rich repeat containing 26 (LRRC26) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LRRC26 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000171121 Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000091091 Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Riazi MA, Brinkman-Mills P, Johnson A, Naylor SL, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Baldini A, McDermid HE (Feb 2000). "Identification of a putative regulatory subunit of a calcium-activated potassium channel in the dup(3q) syndrome region and a related sequence on 22q11.2". Genomics. 62 (1): 90–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5975. PMID   10585773.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: KCNMB3 potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M beta member 3".

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.