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The Northern Circars was a division of British India's Madras Presidency. It consisted of a narrow slip of territory lying along the western side of the Bay of Bengal from 15° 40′ to 20° 17′ north latitude, in the present-day Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. The Subah of Deccan (Hyderabad/Golconda) consisted of 22 circars. These northern circars were five in number and the most prominent ones in the Subah.
Paradesi Jews immigrated to the Indian subcontinent during the 15th and 16th centuries following the expulsion of Jews from Spain. Paradesi refers to the Malayalam word that means foreign as they were newcomers. These Sephardic immigrants fled persecution and death by burning in the wake of the 1492 Alhambra decree expelling all Jews who did not convert to Christianity from Spain, and King Manuel's 1496 decree expelling Jews from Portugal. They are sometimes referred to as "White Jews", although that usage is generally considered pejorative or discriminatory and refers to relatively recent Jewish immigrants, predominantly Sephardim.
Golconda, or Golconda Fort is a fortified citadel and ruined city located in the western part of Hyderabad, in present-day Telangana, India. The present structure, which was historically known as Qila Muhammadnagar, was built by the Qutb Shahi Sultans of Golconda, during the reign of the first three Sultans, Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk, Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah, and Subhan Quli Qutb Shah.
The Carnatic Sultanate was a kingdom in South India between about 1690 and 1855, and was under the legal purview of the Nizam of Hyderabad, until their demise. They initially had their capital at Arcot in the present-day Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Their rule is an important period in the history of the Carnatic and Coromandel Coast regions, in which the Mughal Empire gave way to the rising influence of the Maratha Empire, and later the emergence of the British Raj.
Edward Winter (?1622–1686) was an English administrator employed by the East India Company (EIC).
Sir William Langhorne, 1st Baronet was the Agent of Madras from January 1670 to 27 January 1678.
William Gyfford was an English factor and Agent of Madras from 3 July 1681 to 8 August 1684 and the President of Madras from 26 January 1685 to 25 July 1687.
Casa Verona, or Cassa Verona, is the Anglicized name of Kasi Viranna, an Indian merchant who served as the Chief Merchant of the Agency of Madras. He founded Cassa Verona & Co., the first Indian-owned joint stock company.
Hayat Bakshi Mosque also Hayat Bakshi Begum Masjid is a mosque located in Hayathnagar, near Hyderabad, India. It was constructed in 1672 during the reign of Abdullah Qutb Shah the fifth Sultan of Golconda, and named after Hayat Bakshi Begum.
Makkah Mosque is a mosque in the city of Chennai, India. The dargah of Syed Musa Sha Khaderi is located near the masjid.
The Mamoor Mosque is a mosque in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located in Muthialpet.
Periamet Mosque is a mosque situated on Vepery High Road in Chennai, India. The mosque is named after the Periamet neighbourhood in which it is located.
The Bahram Jung Mosque is a mosque situated in the neighbourhood of Nandanam in Chennai, India. The mosque was constructed between 1789 and 1795 by Muhammad Abdullah Qadir Nawaz Khan Bahadur Bahram Jung, a poet in the court of Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah, the Nawab of the Carnatic.
Hafiz Ahmad Khan Mosque is a mosque situated in the neighbourhood of Chepauk in Chennai, India. The mosque was constructed in 1818 by Hafiz Ahmad Khan, a Carnatic court official and younger brother of Bahram Jung who constructed the Bahram Jung Mosque. The mosque is situated next to Vivekanandar Illam.
Dharma Kidangu Mosque is a mosque situated in Angappa Naicken Street in the Georgetown neighbourhood of Chennai, India. It is considered to be the oldest mosque in Muthialpet. The original mosque built of stone was demolished in 2008 and a new mosque built.
The Pathans of Tamil Nadu are Urdu-speaking Muslims of Pashtun ancestry who have migrated to and settled in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Their migration to the Tamil country had occurred in three main waves - first during the Madurai Sultanate between 1335 and 1378, second during the Mughal incursions into the Tamil country of the reign of Aurangazeb and the subsequent establishment of the Carnatic state and lastly, during British rule when both the Tamil country as part of the Madras Presidency and the North West Frontier Province which formed part of the Pashtun homeland, were both part of British India. Pathans in Tamil Nadu are generally called Pattan or Pattani and form a part of the larger Urdu-speaking community of Tamil Muslims.
Golconda was launched at Calcutta in 1815. She made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC) from India to England in 1819. She spent the bulk of her career as a country ship, trading in the East Indies until she wrecked in September 1840 while carrying troops to Canton.
The Anglo-Siamese War was a brief state of war that existed between the English East India Company and Kingdom of Siam in 1687–88. Siam officially declared war against the Company in August 1687. No peace treaty was ever signed to end the war, but the Siamese revolution of 1688 rendered the issue moot.
Jacques (Jaime) de Paiva, a Paradesi Jew of Madras, was a Portuguese Jewish diamond and coral merchant from Amsterdam belonging to the Amsterdam Sephardic community. He was married to Hieronima de Paiva.
References
- Muthiah, S. (2004). Madras Rediscovered. East West Books (Madras) Pvt Ltd. p. 330. ISBN 81-88661-24-4.
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