SCN2A

SCN2A
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2KAV, 4JPZ
Identifiers
Aliases	SCN2A , BFIC3, BFIS3, BFNIS, EIEE11, HBA, HBSCI, HBSCII, NAC2, Na(v)1.2, Nav1.2, SCN2A1, SCN2A2, sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2, DEE11, EA9
External IDs	OMIM: 182390; MGI: 98248; HomoloGene: 75001; GeneCards: SCN2A; OMA:SCN2A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) [1] Band 2q24.3 Start 165,194,993 bp [1] End 165,392,310 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) [2] Band 2 C1.3|2 38.61 cM Start 65,451,115 bp [2] End 65,597,791 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in middle temporal gyrus Brodmann area 23 cerebellar vermis entorhinal cortex cerebellar hemisphere parietal lobe postcentral gyrus superior frontal gyrus right hemisphere of cerebellum endothelial cell Top expressed in piriform cortex lobe of cerebellum cerebellar vermis primary motor cortex amygdala anterior amygdaloid area dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus subiculum cingulate gyrus ventromedial nucleus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function sodium channel activity voltage-gated ion channel activity ion channel activity voltage-gated sodium channel activity Cellular component voltage-gated sodium channel complex integral component of membrane membrane intrinsic component of plasma membrane sodium channel complex plasma membrane node of Ranvier integral component of plasma membrane intracellular anatomical structure intercalated disc T-tubule axon paranode region of axon glutamatergic synapse integral component of presynaptic membrane Biological process membrane depolarization during action potential sodium ion transport regulation of ion transmembrane transport ion transport transmembrane transport myelination neuronal action potential sodium ion transmembrane transport nervous system development intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress neuron apoptotic process memory cellular response to hypoxia Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6326 110876 Ensembl ENSG00000136531 ENSMUSG00000075318 UniProt Q99250 B1AWN6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001040142 NM_001040143 NM_021007 NM_001371246 NM_001371247 NM_001099298 NM_001346679 NM_001346680 RefSeq (protein) NP_001035232 NP_001035233 NP_066287 NP_001358175 NP_001358176 NP_001092768 NP_001333608 NP_001333609 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 165.19 – 165.39 Mb Chr 2: 65.45 – 65.6 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCN2A gene. ^[5] Functional sodium channels contain an ion conductive alpha subunit and one or more regulatory beta subunits. Sodium channels which contain sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha are sometimes called Na_v1.2 channels.

Function

Voltage-gated sodium channels are transmembrane glycoprotein complexes composed of a large alpha subunit with four domains including 24 transmembrane segments and one or more regulatory beta subunits. They are responsible for the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons and muscle. This gene encodes one member of the sodium channel alpha subunit gene family. It is heterogeneously expressed in the brain, and mutations in this gene have been linked to several seizure disorders. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. ^[5]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been implicated in cases of autism, ^[6] self-limited epilepsy, early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, later onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, infantile spasms, SCN2A-related disorders without epilepsy, episodic ataxia, ^[7] bitemporal glucose hypometabolism, ^[8] and bipolar disorder. ^[9]

See also

• paralytic - SCN2A ortholog in Drosophila

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136531 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000075318 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: SCN2A sodium channel, voltage-gated, type II, alpha subunit".
6. Sanders SJ SJ, Murtha MT, Gupta AR, Murdoch JR, Raubeson MJ, Willsey AJ, Ercan-Sencicek AG, et al. (2012). "De novo mutations revealed by whole-exome sequencing are strongly associated with autism". Nature. 485 (7397): 237–241. Bibcode:2012Natur.485..237S. doi:10.1038/nature10945. PMC   3667984 . PMID   22495306.
7. George AL, ed. (2024). SCN2A-related disorders. Cambridge elements. Elements in genetics in epilepsy. Cambridge, United Kingdom New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-1-009-53036-1.
8. Sundaram SK, Chugani HT, Tiwari VN, Huq AH (July 2013). "SCN2A mutation is associated with infantile spasms and bitemporal glucose hypometabolism". Pediatric Neurology. 49 (1): 46–49. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.03.002. ISSN   1873-5150. PMC   3868437 . PMID   23827426.
9. Stahl EA, Breen G, Forstner AJ, McQuillin A, Ripke S, Trubetskoy V, Mattheisen M, Wang Y, Coleman JR, Gaspar HA, de Leeuw CA, Steinberg S, Pavlides JM, Trzaskowski M, Byrne EM (May 2019). "Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder". Nature Genetics. 51 (5): 793–803. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0397-8. ISSN   1546-1718. PMC   6956732 . PMID   31043756.

Further reading

• Catterall WA, Goldin AL, Waxman SG (2006). "International Union of Pharmacology. XLVII. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated sodium channels". Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 397–409. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.4. PMID   16382098. S2CID   7332624.
• Lu CM, Han J, Rado TA, Brown GB (1992). "Differential expression of two sodium channel subtypes in human brain". FEBS Lett. 303 (1): 53–8. Bibcode:1992FEBSL.303...53L. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80476-W. PMID   1317301. S2CID   29330026.
• Ahmed CM, Ware DH, Lee SC, et al. (1992). "Primary structure, chromosomal localization, and functional expression of a voltage-gated sodium channel from human brain". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 8220–4. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.8220A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.17.8220 . PMC   49889 . PMID   1325650.
• Han JA, Lu CM, Brown GB, Rado TA (1991). "Direct amplification of a single dissected chromosomal segment by polymerase chain reaction: a human brain sodium channel gene is on chromosome 2q22-q23". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (2): 335–9. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88..335H. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.2.335 . PMC   50805 . PMID   1846440.
• Litt M, Luty J, Kwak M, et al. (1989). "Localization of a human brain sodium channel gene (SCN2A) to chromosome 2". Genomics. 5 (2): 204–8. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90047-5. PMID   2571571.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . PMID   8889548.
• Lu CM, Eichelberger JS, Beckman ML, et al. (1999). "Isolation of the 5'-flanking region for human brain sodium channel subtype II alpha-subunit". J. Mol. Neurosci. 11 (3): 179–82. doi:10.1385/JMN:11:3:179. PMID   10344788. S2CID   33328638.
• Baulac S, Gourfinkel-An I, Picard F, et al. (2000). "A Second Locus for Familial Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus Maps to Chromosome 2q21-q33". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65 (4): 1078–85. doi:10.1086/302593. PMC   1288241 . PMID   10486327.
• Schade SD, Brown GB (2001). "Identifying the promoter region of the human brain sodium channel subtype II gene (SCN2A)". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 81 (1–2): 187–90. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(00)00145-5. PMID   11000491.
• Kasai N, Fukushima K, Ueki Y, et al. (2001). "Genomic structures of SCN2A and SCN3A - candidate genes for deafness at the DFNA16 locus". Gene. 264 (1): 113–22. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00594-1. PMID   11245985.
• Malacarne M, Gennaro E, Madia F, et al. (2001). "Benign Familial Infantile Convulsions: Mapping of a Novel Locus on Chromosome 2q24 and Evidence for Genetic Heterogeneity". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (6): 1521–6. doi:10.1086/320596. PMC   1226140 . PMID   11326335.
• Sugawara T, Tsurubuchi Y, Agarwala KL, et al. (2001). "A missense mutation of the Na+ channel αII subunit gene Nav1.2 in a patient with febrile and afebrile seizures causes channel dysfunction". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (11): 6384–9. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6384S. doi: 10.1073/pnas.111065098 . PMC   33477 . PMID   11371648.
• Heron SE, Crossland KM, Andermann E, et al. (2002). "Sodium-channel defects in benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures". Lancet. 360 (9336): 851–2. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09968-3. PMID   12243921. S2CID   6105850.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Weiss LA, Escayg A, Kearney JA, et al. (2003). "Sodium channels SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A in familial autism". Mol. Psychiatry. 8 (2): 186–94. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001241. PMID   12610651. S2CID   16606651.
• Yu FH, Westenbroek RE, Silos-Santiago I, et al. (2003). "Sodium channel beta4, a new disulfide-linked auxiliary subunit with similarity to beta2". J. Neurosci. 23 (20): 7577–85. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-20-07577.2003. PMC   6740763 . PMID   12930796.
• McEwen DP, Meadows LS, Chen C, et al. (2004). "Sodium channel beta1 subunit-mediated modulation of Nav1.2 currents and cell surface density is dependent on interactions with contactin and ankyrin". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (16): 16044–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M400856200 . PMID   14761957.
• Kamiya K, Kaneda M, Sugawara T, et al. (2004). "A nonsense mutation of the sodium channel gene SCN2A in a patient with intractable epilepsy and mental decline". J. Neurosci. 24 (11): 2690–8. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3089-03.2004. PMC   6729532 . PMID   15028761.
• Berkovic SF, Heron SE, Giordano L, et al. (2004). "Benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures: characterization of a new sodium channelopathy". Ann. Neurol. 55 (4): 550–7. doi:10.1002/ana.20029. PMID   15048894. S2CID   11604421.
• Pereira S, Vieira JP, Barroca F, et al. (2004). "Severe epilepsy, retardation, and dysmorphic features with a 2q deletion including SCN1A and SCN2A". Neurology. 63 (1): 191–2. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000132844.20654.c1. PMID   15249644. S2CID   38453487.

External links

Patient advocacy organizations (PAO / PAG)

• FamiliesSCN2A Foundation (global)
• SCN2A Australia
• SCN2A Europe
• SCN2A Germany e. V.
• SCN2A Italia
• SCN2A Ukraine
• The SCN2A Foundation

Other links

• ICD-10-CM Code (QA0.0101) effective October 1, 2025 - SCN2A-related neurodevelopmental disorder ^[1]
• SCN2A+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt : Q99250 (Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha) at the PDBe-KB .

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

1. "ICD-10-CM/PCS MS-DRG v43.0 Definitions Manual". Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. Retrieved October 15, 2025.