LAIR1

Last updated
LAIR1
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases LAIR1 , CD305, LAIR-1, leukocyte associated immunoglobulin like receptor 1
External IDs OMIM: 602992 MGI: 105492 HomoloGene: 48097 GeneCards: LAIR1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

3903

52855

Ensembl

ENSMUSG00000055541

UniProt

Q6GTX8

Q8BG84

RefSeq (mRNA)
RefSeq (protein)
Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 54.35 – 54.37 Mb Chr 7: 4.01 – 4.07 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAIR1 gene. [5] [6] LAIR1 has also been designated as CD305 (cluster of differentiation 305).

Contents

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is an inhibitory receptor found on peripheral mononuclear cells, including NK cells, T cells, and B cells. [7] Inhibitory receptors regulate the immune response to prevent lysis of cells recognized as self. The gene is a member of both the immunoglobulin superfamily and the leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor family. The gene maps to a region of 19q13.4 called the leukocyte receptor cluster, which contains at least 29 genes encoding leukocyte-expressed receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily. [6]

Interactions

LAIR1 has been shown to interact with PTPN11 [5] [8] and PTPN6. [5] [8] [9] [10] [11]

Related Research Articles

An immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), is a conserved sequence of amino acids that is found intracellularly in the cytoplasmic domains of many inhibitory receptors of the non-catalytic tyrosine-phosphorylated receptor family found on immune cells. These immune cells include T cells, B cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and mast cells. ITIMs have similar structures of S/I/V/LxYxxI/V/L, where x is any amino acid, Y is a tyrosine residue that can be phosphorylated, S is the amino acid serine, I is the amino acid isoleucine, and V is the amino acid valine. ITIMs recruit SH2 domain-containing phosphatases, which inhibit cellular activation. ITIM-containing receptors often serve to target immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing receptors, resulting in an innate inhibition mechanism within cells. ITIM bearing receptors have important role in regulation of immune system allowing negative regulation at different levels of the immune response.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD5 (protein)</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

CD5 is a cluster of differentiation expressed on the surface of T cells and in a subset of murine B cells known as B-1a. The expression of this receptor in human B cells has been a controversial topic and to date there is no consensus regarding the role of this receptor as a marker of human B cells. B-1 cells have limited diversity of their B-cell receptor due to their lack of the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and are potentially self-reactive. CD5 serves to mitigate activating signals from the BCR so that the B-1 cells can only be activated by very strong stimuli and not by normal tissue proteins. CD5 was used as a T-cell marker until monoclonal antibodies against CD3 were developed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PTPN6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6, also known as Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN6 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRB1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TYROBP</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein is an adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the TYROBP gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KIR3DL1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR3DL1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KIR2DL1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR2DL1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KIR2DL4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR2DL4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRB4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KIR3DL2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR3DL2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KIR2DS4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR2DS4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRB3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SIRPB1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Signal-regulatory protein beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIRPB1 gene. SIRPB1 has also recently been designated CD172B.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRA3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 3 (LILR-A3) also known as CD85 antigen-like family member E (CD85e), immunoglobulin-like transcript 6 (ILT-6), and leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 4 (LIR-4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRA3 gene located within the leukocyte receptor complex on chromosome 19q13.4. Unlike many of its family, LILRA3 lacks a transmembrane domain. The function of LILRA3 is currently unknown; however, it is highly homologous to other LILR genes, and can bind human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I. Therefore, if secreted, the LILRA3 might impair interactions of membrane-bound LILRs with their HLA ligands, thus modulating immune reactions and influencing susceptibility to disease.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRA2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRA2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD79A</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Cluster of differentiation CD79A also known as B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain and MB-1 membrane glycoprotein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79A gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD79B</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B, is a human gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FCAR</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Fc fragment of IgA receptor (FCAR) is a human gene that codes for the transmembrane receptor FcαRI, also known as CD89. FcαRI binds the heavy-chain constant region of Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies. FcαRI is present on the cell surface of myeloid lineage cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils, though it is notably absent from intestinal macrophages and does not appear on mast cells. FcαRI plays a role in both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses depending on the state of IgA bound. Inside-out signaling primes FcαRI in order for it to bind its ligand, while outside-in signaling caused by ligand binding depends on FcαRI association with the Fc receptor gamma chain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LAIR2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAIR2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">LILRB5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LILRB5 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 ENSG00000276163, ENSG00000278154, ENSG00000274110, ENSG00000167613 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000276053, ENSG00000276163, ENSG00000278154, ENSG00000274110, ENSG00000167613 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000055541 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. 1 2 3 Meyaard L, Adema GJ, Chang C, Woollatt E, Sutherland GR, Lanier LL, Phillips JH (September 1997). "LAIR-1, a novel inhibitory receptor expressed on human mononuclear leukocytes". Immunity. 7 (2): 283–90. doi: 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80530-0 . hdl: 2066/26173 . PMID   9285412.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: LAIR1 leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1".
  7. ↑ van der Vuurst de Vries AR, Clevers H, Logtenberg T, Meyaard L (October 1999). "Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) is differentially expressed during human B cell differentiation and inhibits B cell receptor-mediated signaling". European Journal of Immunology. 29 (10): 3160–7. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199910)29:10<3160::AID-IMMU3160>3.0.CO;2-S . PMID   10540327.
  8. 1 2 Fournier N, Chalus L, Durand I, Garcia E, Pin JJ, Churakova T, Patel S, Zlot C, Gorman D, Zurawski S, Abrams J, Bates EE, Garrone P (August 2000). "FDF03, a novel inhibitory receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed by human dendritic and myeloid cells". J. Immunol. 165 (3): 1197–209. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.3.1197 . PMID   10903717.
  9. ↑ Sathish JG, Johnson KG, Fuller KJ, LeRoy FG, Meyaard L, Sims MJ, Matthews RJ (February 2001). "Constitutive association of SHP-1 with leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 in human T cells". J. Immunol. 166 (3): 1763–70. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.1763 . PMID   11160222.
  10. ↑ Mousseau DD, Banville D, L'Abbé D, Bouchard P, Shen SH (February 2000). "PILRalpha, a novel immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-bearing protein, recruits SHP-1 upon tyrosine phosphorylation and is paired with the truncated counterpart PILRbeta" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 275 (6): 4467–74. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.6.4467 . PMID   10660620.
  11. ↑ Xu Mj, Zhao R, Zhao ZJ (June 2000). "Identification and characterization of leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 as a major anchor protein of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in hematopoietic cells". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (23): 17440–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M001313200 . PMID   10764762.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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