Carson County, Texas

Carson County
County
Restored filling station in Skellytown, Texas
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 35°25′N101°21′W / 35.41°N 101.35°W / 35.41; -101.35
Country	United States
State	Texas
Founded	1888
Named for	Samuel Price Carson
Seat	Panhandle
Largest town	Panhandle
Area
• Total	924 sq mi (2,390 km2)
• Land	920 sq mi (2,400 km2)
• Water	3.9 sq mi (10 km2)  0.4%
Population  (2020)
• Total	5,807
• Density	6.3/sq mi (2.4/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	13th
Website	www.co.carson.tx.us

Carson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,807. ^{[1] [2]} The county seat is Panhandle. ^[3] The county was founded in 1876 and later organized in 1888. ^[4] It is named for Samuel Price Carson, the first secretary of state of the Republic of Texas. ^[5]

Carson County is included in the Amarillo, TX metropolitan statistical area.

History

Native Americans

Prehistoric hunter-gatherers were the first inhabitants, followed by the Plains Apache. Modern Apache tribes followed them and were displaced by Comanches. The Comanches were defeated by the United States Army in the Red River War of 1874. ^[6]

Early explorations

Spanish conquistador Francisco Vásquez de Coronado explored the Llano Estacado in 1541. ^{[7] [8]}

County established and growth

Carson County was established in 1876 from Bexar County. The county was organized in 1888. Panhandle, the only town at the time, became the county seat. ^[9]

Ranching began to be established in the county in the 1880s. The JA Ranch encompassed over a million acres (4,000 km²) within six adjoining counties. Richard E. McNalty established the Turkey Track Ranch in 1878. ^[10] One of the early failed attempts came in 1882 when Charles G. Francklyn purchased 637,440 acres (2,579.6 km²) of railroad lands in adjoining counties to form the Francklyn Land and Cattle Company. The lands were later sold to the White Deer Lands Trust of British bondholders in 1886 and 1887. ^{[11] [12]}

Railroads began to reach the county by 1886 when the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway subsidiary Southern Kansas Railway extended the line into Texas, making Panhandle City a railhead in 1888. In 1889, the Fort Worth and Denver Railway linked Panhandle City with Washburn in Armstrong County. In 1904, the Chicago, Rock Island and Gulf bought the line. In 1908, the Southern Kansas of Texas extended its line from Panhandle City to Amarillo, thus making the Kansas-Texas-New Mexico line a major transcontinental route. The Choctaw, Oklahoma and Texas Railroad built across the southern edge of the county. ^{[13] [14]}

Pumping underground water with windmills resolved the issue of bringing water from Roberts County via the railroad. ^[15]

White Deer in 1909 became home to Polish Catholic immigrants, who had first settled Panna Maria in Karnes County before migrating to Carson County. ^{[16] [17]}

Experimental drilling by Gulf Oil Corporation led to the county's, and the Panhandle's, first oil and gas production in late 1921. Borger field was discovered in 1925, sparking much oil exploration and production of the Panhandle area. By the end of 2000, more than 178,398,900 barrels (28,363,160 m³) of petroleum had been produced from county lands. ^{[18] [19]}

In September 1942, the Pantex Ordnance Plant was built on 16,076 acres (65.06 km²) of southwestern Carson County land, to pack and load shells and bombs in support of the World War II effort. Operations ceased August 1945, and in 1949, the site was sold to Texas Tech University at Amarillo for agricultural experimentation. Pantex reopened in 1951 as a nuclear weapons assembly plant. In 1960, Pantex began high-explosives development in support of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. Pantex has a long-term mission to safely and securely maintain the nation's nuclear weapons stockpile and dismantle weapons retired by the military. ^{[20] [21]}

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 924 square miles (2,390 km²), of which 3.9 square miles (10 km²) (0.4%) are covered by water. ^[22]

Major highways

• Interstate 40
• U.S. Highway 60
• State Highway 152
• State Highway 207
• Farm to Market Road 293

Adjacent counties

• Hutchinson County (north)
• Roberts County (northeast)
• Gray County (east)
• Donley County (southeast)
• Armstrong County (south)
• Randall County (southwest)
• Potter County (west)
• Moore County (northwest)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	356		—
1900	469		31.7%
1910	2,127		353.5%
1920	3,078		44.7%
1930	7,745		151.6%
1940	6,624		−14.5%
1950	6,852		3.4%
1960	7,781		13.6%
1970	6,358		−18.3%
1980	6,672		4.9%
1990	6,576		−1.4%
2000	6,516		−0.9%
2010	6,182		−5.1%
2020	5,807		−6.1%
U.S. Decennial Census [23] 1850–2010 [24] 2010 [25] 2020 [26]

Carson County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000 [27]	Pop 2010 [25]	Pop 2020 [26]	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	5,904	5,473	4,873	90.61%	88.53%	83.92%
Black or African American alone (NH)	38	35	19	0.58%	0.57%	0.33%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	47	56	46	0.72%	0.91%	0.79%
Asian alone (NH)	8	19	19	0.12%	0.31%	0.33%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	1	0	1	0.02%	0.00%	0.02%
Other race alone (NH)	2	0	7	0.03%	0.00%	0.12%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)	58	74	284	0.89%	1.20%	4.89%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	458	525	558	7.03%	8.49%	9.61%
Total	6,516	6,182	5,807	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

As of the census ^[28] of 2000, 6,516 people, 2,470 households, and 1,884 families were residing in the county. The population density was 7 people/sq mi (2.7 people/km²). The 2,815 housing units had an average density of 3 per square mile (1.2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.82% White, 0.58% African American, 1.00% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 3.06% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. About 7.03% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race. In ancestry, 25.0% were of German, 14.2% were of Irish, 8.1% were of English, 4.7% were of American, 3.2% were of Scottish, and 3.1% were Polish.

Of the 2,470 households, 35.8% had children under living with them, 65.3% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.7% were not families. About 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.60, and the average family size was 3.04.

In the county, the age distribution was 27.9% under 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.7% who were 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,285, and for a family was $47,147. Males had a median income of $34,271 versus $23,325 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,368. About 5.40% of families and 7.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.90% of those under age 18 and 9.40% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Towns

• Groom
• Panhandle (county seat)
• Skellytown
• White Deer

Unincorporated community

• Conway

Ghost towns

• Cuyler
• Deal
• Lark

Education

School districts: ^[29]

• Groom Independent School District
• Panhandle Independent School District
• Sanford-Fritch Independent School District
• White Deer Independent School District

All of the county is in the service area of Amarillo College. ^[30]

Politics

United States presidential election results for Carson County, Texas ^[31]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2024	2,866	90.21%	290	9.13%	21	0.66%
2020	2,779	89.01%	297	9.51%	46	1.47%
2016	2,620	88.39%	249	8.40%	95	3.21%
2012	2,451	88.23%	292	10.51%	35	1.26%
2008	2,548	85.50%	406	13.62%	26	0.87%
2004	2,450	83.22%	485	16.47%	9	0.31%
2000	2,216	80.82%	480	17.51%	46	1.68%
1996	1,742	63.81%	742	27.18%	246	9.01%
1992	1,647	53.88%	825	26.99%	585	19.14%
1988	2,100	66.71%	1,034	32.85%	14	0.44%
1984	2,412	74.12%	826	25.38%	16	0.49%
1980	1,888	64.17%	1,006	34.19%	48	1.63%
1976	1,269	44.94%	1,542	54.60%	13	0.46%
1972	1,868	75.75%	561	22.75%	37	1.50%
1968	1,211	45.10%	904	33.67%	570	21.23%
1964	1,044	39.83%	1,574	60.05%	3	0.11%
1960	1,387	57.62%	1,009	41.92%	11	0.46%
1956	1,061	51.91%	976	47.75%	7	0.34%
1952	1,471	57.64%	1,071	41.97%	10	0.39%
1948	413	23.55%	1,301	74.17%	40	2.28%
1944	446	25.30%	1,216	68.97%	101	5.73%
1940	362	18.10%	1,636	81.80%	2	0.10%
1936	147	8.51%	1,568	90.74%	13	0.75%
1932	212	13.23%	1,391	86.77%	0	0.00%
1928	891	60.04%	592	39.89%	1	0.07%
1924	306	32.14%	611	64.18%	35	3.68%
1920	208	32.15%	428	66.15%	11	1.70%
1916	78	18.84%	326	78.74%	10	2.42%
1912	21	7.50%	200	71.43%	59	21.07%

See also

• Texas portal

• Carson County Square House Museum
• List of museums in the Texas Panhandle
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Carson County, Texas
• Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Carson County

References

1. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Carson County, Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2022.
2. "Carson County, Texas". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 30, 2022.
3. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
4. "Texas: Individual County Chronologies". Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2008. Archived from the original on May 13, 2015. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
5. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 70.
6. Abbe, Donald R (June 12, 2010). "Carson County, Texas". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
7. Lourie, Peter (2008). On the Texas Trail of Cabeza De Vaca . Boyds Mills Press. p.  46. ISBN   978-1-59078-492-1.
8. Donoghue, David (June 15, 2010). "Francisco Vázquez de Coronado". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
9. "Panhandle, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
10. Anderson, H Allen (June 15, 2010). "Turkey Track Ranch". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
11. Anderson, H. Allen (June 12, 2010). "Francklyn Land and Cattle Company". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
12. "Duncan Ranch History". The Duncan Ranch. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
13. "The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, Santa Fe All The Way!". American-Rails.com. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
14. "The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, Route of the Rockets!". American-Rails.com. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
15. "Windmills". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
16. "White Deer, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
17. "Panna Maria, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
18. Warner, C A; Thompson, Ernest O (2007). Texas Oil & Gas Since 1543. Copano Bay Press. p. 256. ISBN   978-0-9767799-5-7.
19. "Borger, Texas". Texas Escapes. Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
20. Makhijani, Arjun; Hu, Howard; Yih, Katherine (2000). Nuclear Wastelands: A Global Guide to Nuclear Weapons Production and Its Health and Environmental Effects. The MIT Press. pp. 233–239. ISBN   978-0-262-63204-1.
21. Norris, Robert S (October 1992). "Pantex Lays Nukes to Rest". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists: 48, 49.
22. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
23. "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". US Census Bureau.
24. "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
25. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Carson County, Texas". United States Census Bureau .
26. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Carson County, Texas". United States Census Bureau .
27. "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Carson County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
28. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved May 14, 2011.
29. "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Carson County, TX" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved June 29, 2022. - list
30. Texas Education Code, Sec. 130.164. AMARILLO COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA..
31. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved July 20, 2018.

External links

• Carson County government's website
• Carson County in Handbook of Texas Online at the University of Texas
• Interactive Texas Map
• Texas Map Collection Archived May 14, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
• Carson County Profile from the Texas Association of Counties

35°25′N101°21′W / 35.41°N 101.35°W / 35.41; -101.35