1988 United States presidential election in Texas

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1988 United States presidential election in Texas
Flag of Texas.svg
  1984 November 8, 1988 1992  
Turnout66.17% (of registered voters) Decrease2.svg
44.34% (of voting age population) [1]
  VP George Bush crop.jpg Dukakis campaign portrait 3x4.jpg
Nominee George H. W. Bush Michael Dukakis
Party Republican Democratic
Home state Texas Massachusetts
Running mate Dan Quayle Lloyd Bentsen
Electoral vote290
Popular vote3,036,8292,352,748
Percentage55.95%43.35%

Texas Presidential Election Results 1988.svg
1988 US Presidential election in Texas by congressional district.svg
TX 1988 Pres.svg

President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

George H. W. Bush
Republican

The 1988 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 8, 1988. All fifty states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1988 United States presidential election. Texas voters chose 29 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.

Contents

Incumbent Vice President George H. W. Bush won his home state against Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis. Bush ran with Indiana Senator Dan Quayle as Vice President, and Dukakis ran with Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen.

Texas voted for Bush by a solid 12.6% margin. Texas had been considered a competitive, albeit Republican-leaning, state in the run-up to the election. [2]

Background

Support for the Republican Party of Texas grew during the 1980s. Republican nominee Bill Clements won the governorship in 1978 and returned to the office in 1986 after losing in the 1982 election. Between 1978 and 1986, Republican membership in the Texas House of Representatives rose from 22 to 56, in the United States House of Representatives from 4 to 10, and in local and judicial offices from 0 to 504. [3]

Campaign

Primary

Dukakis won 38% of the white vote. [4] The racial composition of the Democratic primary was 67% white, 23% black, and 11% Hispanic. [5]

45% of white voters participated in the Republican primary. [6]

Dukakis selected Texas U.S. Senator Lloyd Bentsen, who had previously been considered in 1984, to serve as his vice-presidential running mate. [7] [8] U.S. Senator Phil Gramm nominated Bush at the Republican National Convention. [9]

General

Bentsen was running for reelection in the concurrent senatorial election against Republican nominee Beau Boulter. The Bush campaign and Texas GOP were initially interested in aiding Boulter, but later pursued a Texas Ticket strategy in which they promoted voting for both Bush in the presidential election and Bentsen in the senatorial election. Bentsen criticized the strategy on October 22, stating that the "Republicans are trying to peddle the notion that you can vote twice for Texas by voting for George Bush and Lloyd Bentsen". [10] Bentsen won reelection despite the Republican victory in the presidential election. [9]

61% of white voters supported Bush while 38% supported Dukakis. [11] [12]

As of the 2020 presidential election , and despite Bill Clinton's two ensuing nationwide election victories (while holding the Republican margin of victory in Texas to single digits both times), the 1988 election constitutes the last occasion when Lee County, Calhoun County and San Saba County have supported the Democratic presidential nominee. [13]

Results

1988 United States presidential election in Texas
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
Republican George H. W. Bush 3,036,82955.95%29
Democratic Michael Dukakis 2,352,74843.35%0
Libertarian Ron Paul 30,355 [lower-alpha 1] 0.56%0
New Alliance Party Lenora Fulani 7,2080.13%0
Write-Ins160 [lower-alpha 2] >0.01%0
Socialist Workers Party James Warren 110 [lower-alpha 2] >0.01%0
Totals5,427,410100.0%29

Results by county

CountyGeorge H.W. Bush
Republican
Michael Dukakis
Democratic
Ron Paul [14]
Libertarian
Various candidates
Other parties
MarginTotal votes cast
# %# %# %# %# %
Anderson 7,85855.95%6,12843.63%490.35%100.07%1,73012.32%14,045
Andrews 3,05272.82%1,12226.77%120.29%50.12%1,93046.05%4,191
Angelina 12,73853.40%10,84945.48%2491.04%160.07%1,8897.92%23,852
Aransas 3,85862.27%2,30537.20%290.47%40.06%1,55325.07%6,196
Archer 2,01055.13%1,62744.62%90.25%00.00%38310.51%3,646
Armstrong 72069.23%31430.19%60.58%00.00%40639.04%1,040
Atascosa 4,77750.26%4,65749.00%630.66%70.07%1201.26%9,504
Austin 4,52463.18%2,59336.22%410.57%20.03%1,93126.96%7,160
Bailey 1,45962.27%87637.39%80.34%00.00%58324.88%2,343
Bandera 3,43572.15%1,25126.28%721.51%30.06%2,18445.87%4,761
Bastrop 5,99142.51%8,00456.80%910.65%60.04%-2,013-14.29%14,092
Baylor 91444.15%1,15355.70%30.14%00.00%-239-11.55%2,070
Bee 4,62049.78%4,61649.74%390.42%60.06%40.04%9,281
Bell 29,38261.79%17,75137.33%3650.77%530.11%11,63124.46%47,551
Bexar 193,19252.25%174,03647.07%2,1440.58%3770.10%19,1565.18%369,749
Blanco 1,68061.79%1,01237.22%240.88%30.11%66824.57%2,719
Borden 28362.33%16937.22%10.22%10.22%11425.11%454
Bosque 3,45856.26%2,67043.44%160.26%30.05%78812.82%6,147
Bowie 15,45455.31%12,33144.13%1310.47%250.09%3,12311.18%27,941
Brazoria 34,02857.60%23,43639.67%1,5492.62%680.12%10,59217.93%59,081
Brazos 29,36965.72%14,88533.31%3480.78%880.20%14,48432.41%44,690
Brewster 1,70851.55%1,56947.36%331.00%30.09%1394.19%3,313
Briscoe 46444.27%57454.77%80.76%20.19%-110-10.50%1,048
Brooks 60817.43%2,85981.94%100.29%120.34%-2,251-64.51%3,489
Brown 6,81058.68%4,76341.04%290.25%40.03%2,04717.64%11,606
Burleson 2,24241.99%3,08557.78%110.21%10.02%-843-15.79%5,339
Burnet 5,12053.85%4,34345.68%420.44%30.03%7778.17%9,508
Caldwell 3,55343.00%4,64956.27%520.63%80.10%-1,096-13.27%8,262
Calhoun 3,18348.79%3,31450.80%210.32%60.09%-131-2.01%6,524
Callahan 2,88758.67%2,01740.99%100.20%70.14%87017.68%4,921
Cameron 24,26343.68%30,97255.75%2530.46%640.12%-6,709-12.07%55,552
Camp 1,90847.20%2,12152.47%120.30%10.02%-213-5.27%4,042
Carson 2,10066.71%1,03432.85%110.35%30.10%1,06633.86%3,148
Cass 5,30547.11%5,94152.75%140.12%20.02%-636-5.64%11,262
Castro 1,60452.61%1,43647.10%80.26%10.03%1685.51%3,049
Chambers 3,69454.48%3,03544.76%460.68%60.09%6599.72%6,781
Cherokee 7,52057.12%5,60442.57%380.29%30.02%1,91614.55%13,165
Childress 1,20152.98%1,06046.76%60.26%00.00%1416.22%2,267
Clay 2,04347.07%2,28852.72%80.18%10.02%-245-5.65%4,340
Cochran 77152.74%68146.58%80.55%20.14%906.16%1,462
Coke 86355.97%67443.71%40.26%10.06%18912.26%1,542
Coleman 2,34054.15%1,97845.78%30.07%00.00%3628.37%4,321
Collin 67,77674.29%22,93425.14%4650.51%550.06%44,84249.15%91,230
Collingsworth 87251.81%80948.07%20.12%00.00%633.74%1,683
Colorado 3,72356.41%2,84743.14%260.39%40.06%87613.27%6,600
Comal 13,99470.04%5,71628.61%2371.19%330.17%8,27841.43%19,980
Comanche 2,12044.53%2,62255.07%180.38%10.02%-502-10.54%4,761
Concho 61748.85%64350.91%10.08%20.16%-26-2.06%1,263
Cooke 7,19662.84%4,21736.82%300.26%90.08%2,97926.02%11,452
Coryell 7,46164.17%4,02634.63%1231.06%170.15%3,43529.54%11,627
Cottle 37935.00%69063.71%141.29%00.00%-311-28.71%1,083
Crane 1,21967.05%59632.78%30.17%00.00%62334.27%1,818
Crockett 93251.24%88148.43%60.33%00.00%512.81%1,819
Crosby 1,12143.75%1,43556.01%50.20%10.04%-314-12.26%2,562
Culberson 41742.46%55756.72%30.31%50.51%-140-14.26%982
Dallam 1,20564.72%64534.64%120.64%00.00%56030.08%1,862
Dallas 347,09458.38%243,19840.91%3,4460.58%8000.13%103,89617.47%594,538
Dawson 3,15459.32%2,15540.53%60.11%20.04%99918.79%5,317
Deaf Smith 3,74465.39%1,93033.71%360.63%160.28%1,81431.68%5,726
Delta 84940.41%1,24459.21%80.38%00.00%-395-18.80%2,101
Denton 57,44468.22%26,20431.12%4740.56%880.10%31,24037.10%84,210
DeWitt 3,62858.00%2,57941.23%430.69%50.08%1,04916.77%6,255
Dickens 43538.12%69661.00%70.61%30.26%-261-22.88%1,141
Dimmit 90024.65%2,73574.91%120.33%40.11%-1,835-50.26%3,651
Donley 1,04360.89%66138.59%90.53%00.00%38222.30%1,713
Duval 90717.79%4,17781.95%110.22%20.04%-3,270-64.16%5,097
Eastland 3,92954.83%3,21544.86%190.27%30.04%7149.97%7,166
Ector 23,15567.80%10,82531.70%1520.45%200.06%12,33036.10%34,152
Edwards 55659.78%36839.57%40.43%20.22%18820.21%930
Ellis 16,42259.18%11,16940.25%1040.37%540.19%5,25318.93%27,749
El Paso 55,57346.79%62,62252.72%4340.37%1520.13%-7,049-5.93%118,781
Erath 5,42756.71%4,11342.98%00.00%300.31%1,31413.73%9,570
Falls 2,34444.76%2,87754.94%110.21%50.10%-533-10.18%5,237
Fannin 4,02443.67%5,16356.03%230.25%40.04%-1,139-12.36%9,214
Fayette 4,55157.09%3,39042.53%290.36%10.01%1,16114.56%7,971
Fisher 72132.19%1,51667.68%30.13%00.00%-795-35.49%2,240
Floyd 1,74155.48%1,39144.33%30.10%30.10%35011.15%3,138
Foard 30637.32%51362.56%10.12%00.00%-207-25.24%820
Fort Bend 39,81862.43%23,35136.61%4580.72%1570.25%16,46725.82%63,784
Franklin 1,43949.69%1,45350.17%30.10%10.03%-14-0.48%2,896
Freestone 3,15951.85%2,91647.87%160.26%10.02%2433.98%6,092
Frio 1,50533.16%3,01666.46%160.35%10.02%-1,511-33.30%4,538
Gaines 2,26562.81%1,31036.33%280.78%30.08%95526.48%3,606
Galveston 34,91347.15%38,63352.18%4310.58%650.09%-3,720-5.03%74,042
Garza 1,18354.02%98945.16%170.78%10.05%1948.86%2,190
Gillespie 5,66277.42%1,58821.71%610.83%20.03%4,07455.71%7,313
Glasscock 38472.73%14327.08%10.19%00.00%24145.65%528
Goliad 1,42751.11%1,35848.64%70.25%00.00%692.47%2,792
Gonzales 2,98350.42%2,89748.97%350.59%10.02%861.45%5,916
Gray 7,25974.22%2,46025.15%550.56%70.07%4,79949.07%9,781
Grayson 18,82556.55%14,34743.10%970.29%180.05%4,47813.45%33,287
Gregg 26,46567.19%12,48631.70%4161.06%200.05%13,97935.49%39,387
Grimes 2,82050.52%2,73549.00%230.41%40.07%851.52%5,582
Guadalupe 13,26564.37%7,11134.50%00.00%2331.13%6,15429.87%20,609
Hale 6,28464.05%3,50235.69%190.19%60.06%2,78228.36%9,811
Hall 71440.96%1,02959.04%00.00%00.00%-315-18.08%1,743
Hamilton 1,71855.67%1,35543.91%120.39%10.03%36311.76%3,086
Hansford 1,96781.25%44318.30%110.45%00.00%1,52462.95%2,421
Hardeman 85542.73%1,14357.12%20.10%10.05%-288-14.39%2,001
Hardin 6,89745.46%8,24554.34%280.18%30.02%-1,348-8.88%15,173
Harris 464,21757.02%342,91942.12%5,2050.64%1,8190.22%121,29814.90%814,160
Harrison 11,95756.18%8,97442.16%3351.57%190.09%2,98314.02%21,285
Hartley 1,22970.35%50528.91%110.63%20.11%72441.44%1,747
Haskell 1,19340.93%1,71558.83%50.17%20.07%-522-17.90%2,915
Hays 11,71650.36%11,18748.09%3301.42%310.13%5292.27%23,264
Hemphill 1,17068.62%52730.91%80.47%00.00%64337.71%1,705
Henderson 11,00552.61%9,81946.94%730.35%210.10%1,1865.67%20,918
Hidalgo 29,24634.87%54,33064.78%2100.25%840.10%-25,084-29.91%83,870
Hill 4,79652.14%4,38147.63%200.22%10.01%4154.51%9,198
Hockley 4,36860.25%2,85039.31%270.37%50.07%1,51820.94%7,250
Hood 7,40063.16%4,25536.32%550.47%60.05%3,14526.84%11,716
Hopkins 5,13350.61%4,98449.14%250.25%00.00%1491.47%10,142
Houston 3,88250.00%3,84649.54%300.39%60.08%360.46%7,764
Howard 6,02457.28%4,44542.26%410.39%70.07%1,57915.02%10,517
Hudspeth 40549.63%40649.75%40.49%10.12%-1-0.12%816
Hunt 12,33158.06%8,82041.53%790.37%80.04%3,51116.53%21,238
Hutchinson 7,52671.50%2,95028.03%430.41%70.07%4,57643.47%10,526
Irion 53962.17%32637.60%10.12%10.12%21324.57%867
Jack 1,54250.16%1,52149.48%110.36%00.00%210.68%3,074
Jackson 2,95457.75%2,14141.86%180.35%20.04%81315.89%5,115
Jasper 4,98542.87%6,61356.87%280.24%30.03%-1,628-14.00%11,629
Jeff Davis 52460.23%32537.36%192.18%20.23%19922.87%870
Jefferson 35,75438.99%55,64960.69%2090.23%810.09%-19,895-21.70%91,693
Jim Hogg 51023.80%1,63076.06%20.09%10.05%-1,120-52.26%2,143
Jim Wells 4,33533.64%8,49565.92%420.33%140.11%-4,160-32.28%12,886
Johnson 17,50958.03%12,50741.45%1390.46%160.05%5,00216.58%30,171
Jones 3,00050.71%2,89848.99%170.29%10.02%1021.72%5,916
Karnes 2,38348.31%2,52951.27%180.36%30.06%-146-2.96%4,933
Kaufman 8,46653.19%7,35846.23%720.45%200.13%1,1086.96%15,916
Kendall 4,87576.20%1,44622.60%751.17%20.03%3,42953.60%6,398
Kenedy 7638.78%11960.71%10.51%00.00%-43-21.93%196
Kent 27440.65%39859.05%10.15%10.15%-124-18.40%674
Kerr 11,20775.03%3,58724.01%1390.93%40.03%7,62051.02%14,937
Kimble 1,06165.62%55134.08%40.25%10.06%51031.54%1,617
King 11163.43%6436.57%00.00%00.00%4726.86%175
Kinney 77153.17%66946.14%80.55%20.14%1027.03%1,450
Kleberg 4,44344.67%5,36753.96%1321.33%40.04%-924-9.29%9,946
Knox 76542.93%1,01356.85%30.17%10.06%-248-13.92%1,782
Lamar 8,02151.42%7,55348.42%210.13%30.02%4683.00%15,598
Lamb 3,06457.64%2,23041.95%170.32%50.09%83415.69%5,316
Lampasas 3,00060.41%1,95439.35%60.12%60.12%1,04621.06%4,966
La Salle 69329.46%1,65170.20%60.26%20.09%-958-40.74%2,352
Lavaca 4,37754.97%3,53144.35%520.65%20.03%84610.62%7,962
Lee 2,51349.60%2,52749.87%230.45%40.08%-14-0.27%5,067
Leon 2,77854.31%2,31645.28%210.41%00.00%4629.03%5,115
Liberty 8,52450.22%8,34349.15%950.56%110.06%1811.07%16,973
Limestone 3,25748.16%3,47651.40%280.41%20.03%-219-3.24%6,763
Lipscomb 1,11174.12%37725.15%100.67%10.07%73448.97%1,499
Live Oak 2,27758.69%1,57340.54%290.75%10.03%70418.15%3,880
Llano 3,55057.24%2,62942.39%210.34%20.03%92114.85%6,202
Loving 5470.13%2329.87%00.00%00.00%3140.26%77
Lubbock 50,76069.26%22,20230.29%2690.37%610.08%28,55838.97%73,292
Lynn 1,27954.03%1,08645.88%20.08%00.00%1938.15%2,367
Madison 1,89650.60%1,83548.97%160.43%00.00%611.63%3,747
Marion 1,85744.97%2,25554.61%160.39%10.02%-398-9.64%4,129
Martin 1,01761.60%63238.28%20.12%00.00%38523.32%1,651
Mason 97558.91%67140.54%90.54%00.00%30418.37%1,655
Matagorda 6,78754.01%5,67545.16%920.73%120.10%1,1128.85%12,566
Maverick 1,59226.52%4,39573.21%100.17%60.10%-2,803-46.69%6,003
McCulloch 1,61849.13%1,66550.56%100.30%00.00%-47-1.43%3,293
McLennan 38,60658.12%27,54541.47%2200.33%520.08%11,06116.65%66,423
McMullen 30275.88%9423.62%20.50%00.00%20852.26%398
Medina 5,72257.05%4,22742.15%750.75%50.05%1,49514.90%10,029
Menard 55247.14%61452.43%50.43%00.00%-62-5.29%1,171
Midland 30,61877.86%8,48721.58%2090.53%120.03%22,13156.28%39,326
Milam 3,51241.83%4,86557.94%170.20%20.02%-1,353-16.11%8,396
Mills 1,04355.24%84244.60%30.16%00.00%20110.64%1,888
Mitchell 1,59647.27%1,77352.52%20.06%50.15%-177-5.25%3,376
Montague 3,47548.36%3,68951.34%190.26%30.04%-214-2.98%7,186
Montgomery 40,36068.24%18,39431.10%3540.60%380.06%21,96637.14%59,146
Moore 3,71070.25%1,53729.10%210.40%130.25%2,17341.15%5,281
Morris 2,10437.37%3,52262.56%30.05%10.02%-1,418-25.19%5,630
Motley 42961.99%26237.86%10.14%00.00%16724.13%692
Nacogdoches 11,76762.32%6,88636.47%2111.12%190.10%4,88125.85%18,883
Navarro 6,44548.71%6,74951.01%340.26%40.03%-304-2.30%13,232
Newton 1,65931.25%3,64068.56%60.11%40.08%-1,981-37.31%5,309
Nolan 2,73448.74%2,85350.86%190.34%30.05%-119-2.12%5,609
Nueces 46,33748.30%49,20951.30%2930.31%930.10%-2,872-3.00%95,932
Ochiltree 2,92883.25%57916.46%80.23%20.06%2,34966.79%3,517
Oldham 69168.82%30330.18%90.90%10.10%38838.64%1,004
Orange 11,95939.99%17,83459.63%1000.33%150.05%-5,875-19.64%29,908
Palo Pinto 4,64953.85%3,93045.52%470.54%80.09%7198.33%8,634
Panola 4,64252.87%4,12346.96%130.15%20.02%5195.91%8,780
Parker 14,09062.01%8,51737.48%1030.45%130.06%5,57324.53%22,723
Parmer 2,06172.60%76426.91%120.42%20.07%1,29745.69%2,839
Pecos 2,48355.67%1,96043.95%130.29%40.09%52311.72%4,460
Polk 5,83148.88%5,94349.82%1451.22%100.08%-112-0.94%11,929
Potter 16,40062.76%9,56336.60%1470.56%210.08%6,83726.16%26,131
Presidio 58633.09%1,17666.40%70.40%20.11%-590-33.31%1,771
Rains 1,28146.82%1,44852.92%40.15%30.11%-167-6.10%2,736
Randall 27,98676.33%8,49223.16%1730.47%150.04%19,49453.17%36,666
Reagan 93569.00%41830.85%20.15%00.00%51738.15%1,355
Real 79561.58%48337.41%110.85%20.15%31224.17%1,291
Red River 2,47543.79%3,16556.00%110.19%10.02%-690-12.21%5,652
Reeves 1,72437.86%2,81261.75%90.20%90.20%-1,088-23.89%4,554
Refugio 1,88350.56%1,83149.17%80.21%20.05%521.39%3,724
Roberts 44175.90%13523.24%50.86%00.00%30652.66%581
Robertson 2,18437.45%3,63062.24%160.27%20.03%-1,446-24.79%5,832
Rockwall 7,21472.58%2,65926.75%600.60%60.06%4,55545.83%9,939
Runnels 2,41758.28%1,72041.48%90.22%10.02%69716.80%4,147
Rusk 9,11763.70%5,14035.91%490.34%70.05%3,97727.79%14,313
Sabine 1,92548.28%2,05351.49%90.23%00.00%-128-3.21%3,987
San Augustine 1,94647.65%2,11851.86%90.22%110.27%-172-4.21%4,084
San Jacinto 2,69147.31%2,97252.25%250.44%00.00%-281-4.94%5,688
San Patricio 9,15947.07%9,92050.98%3551.82%240.12%-761-3.91%19,458
San Saba 1,09948.27%1,16551.16%120.53%10.04%-66-2.89%2,277
Schleicher 65356.44%49442.70%70.61%30.26%15913.74%1,157
Scurry 3,74963.61%2,11935.95%240.41%20.03%1,63027.66%5,894
Shackelford 86555.66%68143.82%80.51%00.00%18411.84%1,554
Shelby 3,99948.34%4,26151.50%120.15%10.01%-262-3.16%8,273
Sherman 1,14576.38%34022.68%120.80%20.13%80553.70%1,499
Smith 34,65864.67%18,71934.93%1840.34%310.06%15,93929.74%53,592
Somervell 1,30456.79%98342.81%90.39%00.00%32113.98%2,296
Starr 1,21814.83%6,95884.74%300.37%50.06%-5,740-69.91%8,211
Stephens 2,34260.45%1,51939.21%120.31%10.03%82321.24%3,874
Sterling 46470.73%18828.66%30.46%10.15%27642.07%656
Stonewall 42136.70%72463.12%10.09%10.09%-303-26.42%1,147
Sutton 99663.44%57136.37%20.13%10.06%42527.07%1,570
Swisher 1,27139.98%1,89359.55%150.47%00.00%-622-19.57%3,179
Tarrant 242,66061.24%151,31038.19%1,7970.45%4700.12%91,35023.05%396,237
Taylor 28,56367.97%13,07331.11%3570.85%310.07%15,49036.86%42,024
Terrell 29642.96%39056.60%20.29%10.15%-94-13.64%689
Terry 2,64557.50%1,94142.20%130.28%10.02%70415.30%4,600
Throckmorton 45545.59%53453.51%80.80%10.10%-79-7.92%998
Titus 4,24749.27%4,35750.55%150.17%10.01%-110-1.28%8,620
Tom Green 21,46363.10%12,28336.11%2290.67%370.11%9,18026.99%34,012
Travis 105,91544.86%127,78354.13%1,7770.75%6090.26%-21,868-9.27%236,084
Trinity 2,44847.65%2,65751.72%300.58%20.04%-209-4.07%5,137
Tyler 3,07042.10%4,19857.57%230.32%10.01%-1,128-15.47%7,292
Upshur 5,99153.18%5,24246.53%300.27%20.02%7496.65%11,265
Upton 1,18968.33%54431.26%40.23%30.17%64537.07%1,740
Uvalde 4,26653.32%3,68446.04%440.55%70.09%5827.28%8,001
Val Verde 5,10950.03%5,04449.40%500.49%80.08%650.63%10,211
Van Zandt 7,37154.36%6,15345.38%330.24%20.01%1,2188.98%13,559
Victoria 15,05662.08%8,92336.79%2471.02%270.11%6,13325.29%24,253
Walker 8,47358.88%5,82640.48%820.57%100.07%2,64718.40%14,391
Waller 3,60747.31%3,95751.90%500.66%100.13%-350-4.59%7,624
Ward 2,70959.02%1,85840.48%190.41%40.09%85118.54%4,590
Washington 6,04166.85%2,96032.75%310.34%50.06%3,08134.10%9,037
Webb 7,52831.59%16,22768.09%430.18%340.14%-8,699-36.50%23,832
Wharton 6,97853.71%5,93545.69%650.50%130.10%1,0438.02%12,991
Wheeler 1,70361.33%1,06738.42%70.25%00.00%63622.91%2,777
Wichita 23,32456.08%17,95643.17%2620.63%480.12%5,36812.91%41,590
Wilbarger 2,66954.15%2,24845.61%120.24%00.00%4218.54%4,929
Willacy 1,75035.43%3,16564.07%210.43%40.08%-1,415-28.64%4,940
Williamson 27,32257.85%19,58941.48%2670.57%520.11%7,73316.37%47,230
Wilson 4,43652.65%3,95346.92%320.38%40.05%4835.73%8,425
Winkler 1,65663.42%94736.27%70.27%10.04%70927.15%2,611
Wise 6,06453.22%5,28846.41%380.33%50.04%7766.81%11,395
Wood 6,21654.69%4,55340.06%330.29%5644.96%1,66314.63%11,366
Yoakum 1,76270.28%72729.00%160.64%20.08%1,03541.28%2,507
Young 4,15657.78%3,00741.80%280.39%20.03%1,14915.98%7,193
Zapata 95830.56%2,17169.25%50.16%10.03%-1,213-38.69%3,135
Zavala 62815.81%3,33884.02%70.18%00.00%-2,710-68.21%3,973
Totals3,036,82955.95%2,352,74843.35%30,3550.56%7,4780.14%684,08112.60%5,427,410

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

[15] [16]

See also

Notes

  1. The figure given in Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas is 30,355, but this figure is the sum of all the county votes for Paul. [14]
  2. 1 2 Some of these votes may not have been included by county.

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References

  1. "Turnout and Voter Registration Figures (1970-current)".
  2. Sentinel, Walter Manley II, Special to The. "NATION'S FATE RESTS WITH 7 STATES THE VOTE OF THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE IS THE ONLY ONE THAT COUNTS". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved January 17, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 222.
  4. Black & Black 1992, p. 266.
  5. Black & Black 1992, p. 263.
  6. Black & Black 1992, p. 288.
  7. Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 221.
  8. Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 232.
  9. 1 2 Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 223.
  10. Moreland, Steed & Baker 1991, p. 225-226.
  11. Black & Black 1992, p. 295.
  12. Black & Black 1992, p. 335.
  13. Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
  14. 1 2 Our Campaigns; TX US President Race, November 08, 1988
  15. "1984 Presidential General Election Results - Texas". Dave Leip's election atlas.
  16. "1988 Presidential General Election Results - Texas". Dave Leip's election atlas.

Works cited