1964 United States presidential election in Texas

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1964 United States presidential election in Texas
Flag of Texas.svg
  1960 November 3, 1964 1968  
Turnout44.6%
  37 Lyndon Johnson 3x4 (cropped).jpg Barry-Goldwater 1968.webp
Nominee Lyndon B. Johnson Barry Goldwater
Party Democratic Republican
Home state Texas Arizona
Running mate Hubert Humphrey William E. Miller
Electoral vote250
Popular vote1,663,185958,566
Percentage63.32%36.49%

Texas Presidential Election Results 1964.svg
1964TXPresCD.svg

President before election

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

Elected President

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

The 1964 United States presidential election in Texas was held on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election. The Democratic Party candidate, incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson, comfortably won his home state of Texas with 63.32% of the vote against the Republican Party candidate, Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, who won 36.5%, giving him the state's 25 electoral votes and a victory margin of 26.8 percentage points. [1] Johnson won the 1964 election in a landslide, carrying 44 states plus the District of Columbia, which participated for the first time. Goldwater only carried his home state of Arizona, along with five Deep South states which had been historically Democratic, but defected to the Republican Party due to the Democratic Party's support for civil rights. Due to its status as Johnson's home state, in 1964, Texas was the most Democratic of the 11 states of the former Confederacy and the only one which leaned more Democratic than the nation at-large.

Contents

This would be the last time the counties containing the five largest cities in Texas, consisting of Houston, San Antonio, Dallas, Austin, and Fort Worth, would vote Democratic at the same time until 2020.

Results

1964 United States presidential election in Texas
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
Democratic Lyndon B. Johnson (incumbent)1,663,18563.32%25
Republican Barry Goldwater 958,56636.49%0
Constitution Joseph B. Lightburn5,0600.19%0
Totals2,626,811100.00%25
Voter turnout (voting age/registered voters)44.6%/88.0%

Results by county

CountyLyndon B. Johnson
Democratic
Barry Goldwater
Republican
Joseph B. Lightburn
Constitution
MarginTotal votes cast [2]
# %# %# %# %
Anderson 4,80958.78%3,36241.10%100.12%1,44717.68%8,181
Andrews 2,13359.50%1,44240.22%100.28%69119.28%3,585
Angelina 8,19460.77%5,26239.02%280.21%2,93221.75%13,484
Aransas 1,49271.01%60228.65%70.33%89042.36%2,101
Archer 1,76680.02%44119.98%00.00%1,32560.04%2,207
Armstrong 54459.85%36540.15%00.00%17919.70%909
Atascosa 3,22471.39%1,28328.41%90.20%1,94142.98%4,516
Austin 2,36560.41%1,54539.46%50.13%82020.95%3,915
Bailey 1,50358.67%1,05641.22%30.12%44717.45%2,562
Bandera 87653.45%76246.49%10.06%1146.96%1,639
Bastrop 3,91277.48%1,13022.38%70.14%2,78255.10%5,049
Baylor 1,40378.21%38921.68%20.11%1,01456.53%1,794
Bee 3,31468.58%1,50931.23%90.19%1,80537.35%4,832
Bell 14,55783.13%2,93816.78%170.10%11,61966.35%17,512
Bexar 108,65866.86%53,46932.90%3930.24%55,18933.96%162,520
Blanco 1,19780.44%29019.49%10.07%90760.95%1,488
Borden 26663.48%15236.28%10.24%11427.20%419
Bosque 2,69072.29%1,02427.52%70.19%1,66644.77%3,721
Bowie 10,36859.55%7,01840.31%240.14%3,35019.24%17,410
Brazoria 15,91764.98%8,47734.60%1030.42%7,44030.38%24,497
Brazos 7,99866.54%4,00333.31%180.15%3,99533.23%12,019
Brewster 1,25166.30%63533.65%10.05%61632.65%1,887
Briscoe 96673.35%34826.42%30.23%61846.93%1,317
Brooks 2,29985.05%40214.87%20.07%1,89770.18%2,703
Brown 5,21471.49%2,07028.38%90.12%3,14443.11%7,293
Burleson 2,52780.30%61719.61%30.10%1,91060.69%3,147
Burnet 2,58575.81%82124.08%40.12%1,76451.73%3,410
Caldwell 3,58077.34%1,04622.60%30.06%2,53454.74%4,629
Calhoun 3,39876.64%1,03123.25%50.11%2,36753.39%4,434
Callahan 2,17871.72%84927.96%100.33%1,32943.76%3,037
Cameron 16,05662.57%9,53137.14%720.28%6,52525.43%25,659
Camp 1,84171.44%72928.29%70.27%1,11243.15%2,577
Carson 1,57460.05%1,04439.83%30.11%53020.22%2,621
Cass 3,60357.26%2,68142.61%80.13%92214.65%6,292
Castro 1,86574.78%62625.10%30.12%1,23949.68%2,494
Chambers 1,92164.99%1,02334.61%120.41%89830.38%2,956
Cherokee 5,48564.25%3,04335.64%90.11%2,44228.61%8,537
Childress 1,97767.45%95232.48%20.07%1,02534.97%2,931
Clay 2,35778.05%65921.82%40.13%1,69856.23%3,020
Cochran 1,26071.55%49728.22%40.23%76343.33%1,761
Coke 90070.92%36628.84%30.24%53442.08%1,269
Coleman 2,67065.04%1,43434.93%10.02%1,23630.11%4,105
Collin 7,83369.98%3,34129.85%190.17%4,49240.13%11,193
Collingsworth 1,14561.16%72438.68%30.16%42122.48%1,872
Colorado 3,65065.48%1,91834.41%60.11%1,73231.07%5,574
Comal 3,64462.03%2,22337.84%80.14%1,42124.19%5,875
Comanche 2,85174.65%96225.19%60.16%1,88949.46%3,819
Concho 94875.48%30724.44%10.08%64151.04%1,256
Cooke 4,08356.62%3,11743.23%110.15%96613.39%7,211
Coryell 3,67980.61%87719.22%80.18%2,80261.39%4,564
Cottle 1,12282.93%23017.00%10.07%89265.93%1,353
Crane 91958.95%63740.86%30.19%28218.09%1,559
Crockett 79965.98%40933.77%30.25%39032.21%1,211
Crosby 2,27878.77%61121.13%30.10%1,66757.64%2,892
Culberson 47360.10%31439.90%00.00%15920.20%787
Dallam 1,05860.15%70039.80%10.06%35820.35%1,759
Dallas 166,47254.73%137,06545.06%6210.20%29,4079.67%304,158
Dawson 3,17165.14%1,69134.74%60.12%1,48030.40%4,868
Deaf Smith 2,09453.73%1,79346.01%100.26%3017.72%3,897
Delta 1,61982.60%33917.30%20.10%1,28065.30%1,960
Denton 9,13767.71%4,33532.13%220.16%4,80235.58%13,494
DeWitt 3,28658.96%2,28340.97%40.07%1,00317.99%5,573
Dickens 1,32479.42%33920.34%40.24%98559.08%1,667
Dimmit 1,18470.14%50129.68%30.18%68340.46%1,688
Donley 1,06860.14%70839.86%00.00%36020.28%1,776
Duval 4,43292.55%3537.37%40.08%4,07985.18%4,789
Eastland 4,69269.49%2,04930.35%110.16%2,64339.14%6,752
Ector 10,82648.36%11,49751.36%630.28%−671−3.00%22,386
Edwards 33747.33%37152.11%40.56%−34−4.78%712
Ellis 7,27872.33%2,77927.62%50.05%4,49944.71%10,062
El Paso 35,05062.67%20,68736.99%1900.34%14,36325.68%55,927
Erath 3,85170.04%1,64229.87%50.09%2,20940.17%5,498
Falls 3,93376.35%1,21623.61%20.04%2,71752.74%5,151
Fannin 5,97683.00%1,21916.93%50.07%4,75766.07%7,200
Fayette 3,63063.94%2,03635.86%110.19%1,59428.08%5,677
Fisher 2,10882.12%45417.69%50.19%1,65464.43%2,567
Floyd 2,38365.81%1,22933.94%90.25%1,15431.87%3,621
Foard 83385.00%14614.90%10.10%68770.10%980
Fort Bend 6,18663.78%3,49336.01%200.21%2,69327.77%9,699
Franklin 1,52078.19%42421.81%00.00%1,09656.38%1,944
Freestone 2,81672.35%1,07427.60%20.05%1,74244.75%3,892
Frio 1,50771.19%60728.67%30.14%90042.52%2,117
Gaines 2,04563.89%1,15336.02%30.09%89227.87%3,201
Galveston 30,67271.04%12,36528.64%1360.32%18,30742.40%43,173
Garza 1,25468.64%56731.03%60.33%68737.61%1,827
Gillespie 2,26457.17%1,69542.80%10.03%56914.37%3,960
Glasscock 17949.31%18350.41%10.28%−4−1.10%363
Goliad 99064.24%54935.63%20.13%44128.61%1,541
Gonzales 3,34873.66%1,19026.18%70.15%2,15847.48%4,545
Gray 3,63342.00%5,01157.93%60.07%−1,378−15.93%8,650
Grayson 14,20772.01%5,50027.88%210.11%8,70744.13%19,728
Gregg 8,74142.47%11,76157.14%820.40%−3,020−14.67%20,584
Grimes 2,22968.65%1,01431.23%40.12%1,21537.42%3,247
Guadalupe 4,56862.51%2,73137.37%90.12%1,83725.14%7,308
Hale 5,91061.60%3,66638.21%180.19%2,24423.39%9,594
Hall 1,78572.77%66727.19%10.04%1,11845.58%2,453
Hamilton 2,04867.02%1,00632.92%20.07%1,04234.10%3,056
Hansford 86041.83%1,19358.03%30.15%−333−16.20%2,056
Hardeman 1,83572.47%69727.53%00.00%1,13844.94%2,532
Hardin 5,14371.97%1,98727.81%160.22%3,15644.16%7,146
Harris 227,81959.49%154,40140.32%7650.20%73,41819.17%382,985
Harrison 6,35153.24%5,56846.67%110.09%7836.57%11,930
Hartley 56556.33%43743.57%10.10%12812.76%1,003
Haskell 2,90384.86%51214.97%60.18%2,39169.89%3,421
Hays 3,78074.64%1,27925.26%50.10%2,50149.38%5,064
Hemphill 64953.50%56346.41%10.08%867.09%1,213
Henderson 4,69769.96%1,98829.61%290.43%2,70940.35%6,714
Hidalgo 22,11065.50%11,56334.25%830.25%10,54731.25%33,756
Hill 5,13076.61%1,55723.25%90.13%3,57353.36%6,696
Hockley 4,04970.63%1,67429.20%100.17%2,37541.43%5,733
Hood 1,66179.59%42320.27%30.14%1,23859.32%2,087
Hopkins 4,13373.14%1,51826.86%00.00%2,61546.28%5,651
Houston 3,68168.60%1,67531.22%100.19%2,00637.38%5,366
Howard 6,08364.94%3,27234.93%120.13%2,81130.01%9,367
Hudspeth 43865.86%22433.68%30.45%21432.18%665
Hunt 6,56766.47%3,30233.42%100.10%3,26533.05%9,879
Hutchinson 4,62546.25%5,35853.58%170.17%−733−7.33%10,000
Irion 35163.82%19936.18%00.00%15227.64%550
Jack 1,59465.22%84734.66%30.12%74730.56%2,444
Jackson 2,77570.22%1,16829.55%90.23%1,60740.67%3,952
Jasper 3,60065.02%1,91934.66%180.33%1,68130.36%5,537
Jeff Davis 30463.47%17436.33%10.21%13027.14%479
Jefferson 44,58460.58%28,77139.09%2390.32%15,81321.49%73,594
Jim Hogg 1,37589.87%1529.93%30.20%1,22379.94%1,530
Jim Wells 6,84977.50%1,98822.50%00.00%4,86155.00%8,837
Johnson 6,38166.18%3,25133.72%100.10%3,13032.46%9,642
Jones 3,62273.62%1,29526.32%30.06%2,32747.30%4,920
Karnes 3,17876.08%99323.77%60.14%2,18552.31%4,177
Kaufman 4,76671.20%1,92228.71%60.09%2,84442.49%6,694
Kendall 97044.64%1,20055.22%30.14%−230−10.58%2,173
Kenedy 11578.77%3020.55%10.68%8558.22%146
Kent 56383.04%11516.96%00.00%44866.08%678
Kerr 2,89451.60%2,70648.25%80.14%1883.35%5,608
Kimble 86262.33%52037.60%10.07%34224.73%1,383
King 18084.11%3415.89%00.00%14668.22%214
Kinney 43973.91%15526.09%00.00%28447.82%594
Kleberg 4,56873.32%1,65226.52%100.16%2,91646.80%6,230
Knox 1,77380.01%43919.81%40.18%1,33460.20%2,216
Lamar 6,30370.78%2,59429.13%80.09%3,70941.65%8,905
Lamb 4,31868.01%2,02231.85%90.14%2,29636.16%6,349
Lampasas 2,22474.88%74425.05%20.07%1,48049.83%2,970
La Salle 98881.52%22318.40%10.08%76563.12%1,212
Lavaca 4,03173.07%1,48026.83%60.11%2,55146.24%5,517
Lee 1,88467.07%92332.86%20.07%96134.21%2,809
Leon 2,37378.52%64221.24%70.23%1,73157.28%3,022
Liberty 5,35764.88%2,88434.93%160.19%2,47329.95%8,257
Limestone 3,77771.77%1,47828.08%80.15%2,29943.69%5,263
Lipscomb 58943.57%76356.43%00.00%−174−12.86%1,352
Live Oak 1,42363.93%79535.71%80.36%62828.22%2,226
Llano 1,72772.44%65527.47%20.08%1,07244.97%2,384
Loving 4658.23%3240.51%11.27%1417.72%79
Lubbock 22,05755.89%17,37244.02%340.09%4,68511.87%39,463
Lynn 2,28175.28%74524.59%40.13%1,53650.69%3,030
McCulloch 2,10076.06%65523.72%60.22%1,44552.34%2,761
McLennan 28,42972.25%10,89227.68%250.06%17,53744.57%39,346
McMullen 26760.27%17539.50%10.23%9220.77%443
Madison 1,29866.74%64433.11%30.15%65433.63%1,945
Marion 1,37259.57%92740.25%40.17%44519.32%2,303
Martin 89268.77%40230.99%30.23%49037.78%1,297
Mason 94161.30%59038.44%40.26%35122.86%1,535
Matagorda 4,14363.20%2,40736.72%50.08%1,73626.48%6,555
Maverick 2,11379.41%54520.48%30.11%1,56858.93%2,661
Medina 3,40868.27%1,58331.71%10.02%1,82536.56%4,992
Menard 58859.70%39740.30%00.00%19119.40%985
Midland 8,64641.96%11,90657.78%530.26%−3,260−15.82%20,605
Milam 4,36876.51%1,33423.37%70.12%3,03453.14%5,709
Mills 1,22871.27%49528.73%00.00%73342.54%1,723
Mitchell 2,42076.61%73723.33%20.06%1,68353.28%3,159
Montague 3,74677.14%1,10622.78%40.08%2,64054.36%4,856
Montgomery 4,98960.87%3,16738.64%400.49%1,82222.23%8,196
Moore 2,39357.54%1,76242.37%40.10%63115.17%4,159
Morris 2,36665.83%1,21833.89%100.28%1,14831.94%3,594
Motley 67867.53%32432.27%20.20%35435.26%1,004
Nacogdoches 4,52460.17%2,97639.58%190.25%1,54820.59%7,519
Navarro 6,81176.08%2,13923.89%30.03%4,67252.19%8,953
Newton 2,21174.82%73824.97%60.20%1,47349.85%2,955
Nolan 3,54068.58%1,61031.19%120.23%1,93037.39%5,162
Nueces 40,42674.10%14,04825.75%840.15%26,37848.35%54,558
Ochiltree 92033.61%1,81466.28%30.11%−894−32.67%2,737
Oldham 39759.25%26940.15%40.60%12819.10%670
Orange 9,39060.02%6,21639.73%390.25%3,17420.29%15,645
Palo Pinto 3,79168.42%1,74831.55%20.04%2,04336.87%5,541
Panola 2,60847.97%2,81851.83%110.20%−210−3.86%5,437
Parker 5,27070.66%2,17529.16%130.17%3,09541.50%7,458
Parmer 1,55655.99%1,21643.76%70.25%34012.23%2,779
Pecos 2,06859.55%1,39340.11%120.35%67519.44%3,473
Polk 2,49267.35%1,19932.41%90.24%1,29334.94%3,700
Potter 12,85052.62%11,50547.11%640.26%1,3455.51%24,419
Presidio 1,15672.80%43127.14%10.06%72545.66%1,588
Rains 89376.46%27223.29%30.26%62153.17%1,168
Randall 6,01643.34%7,84356.50%220.16%−1,827−13.16%13,881
Reagan 61460.08%40639.73%20.20%20820.35%1,022
Real 48765.55%25534.32%10.13%23231.23%743
Red River 3,39172.86%1,25727.01%60.13%2,13445.85%4,654
Reeves 2,34065.09%1,25134.80%40.11%1,08930.29%3,595
Refugio 2,31975.02%77224.98%00.00%1,54750.04%3,091
Roberts 19840.00%29760.00%00.00%−99−20.00%495
Robertson 3,35078.88%89521.07%20.05%2,45557.81%4,247
Rockwall 1,30574.36%44525.36%50.28%86049.00%1,755
Runnels 2,64564.01%1,48035.82%70.17%1,16528.19%4,132
Rusk 6,52854.25%5,48845.61%170.14%1,0408.64%12,033
Sabine 1,80180.76%42819.19%10.04%1,37361.57%2,230
San Augustine 1,17360.46%76039.18%70.36%41321.28%1,940
San Jacinto 1,68082.92%34316.93%30.15%1,33765.99%2,026
San Patricio 7,17676.47%2,18823.32%200.21%4,98853.15%9,384
San Saba 1,85981.64%41818.36%00.00%1,44163.28%2,277
Schleicher 51456.92%38842.97%10.11%12613.95%903
Scurry 3,38165.82%1,74133.89%150.29%1,64031.93%5,137
Shackelford 93465.59%48734.20%30.21%44731.39%1,424
Shelby 3,48761.06%2,22038.87%40.07%1,26722.19%5,711
Sherman 46242.31%62957.60%10.09%−167−15.29%1,092
Smith 12,47448.97%12,96050.88%380.15%−486−1.91%25,472
Somervell 64175.06%21024.59%30.35%43150.47%854
Starr 4,05685.53%67814.30%80.17%3,37871.23%4,742
Stephens 1,75361.00%1,11938.94%20.07%63422.06%2,874
Sterling 24363.28%14036.46%10.26%10326.82%384
Stonewall 97881.57%21918.27%20.17%75963.30%1,199
Sutton 69466.03%35733.97%00.00%33732.06%1,051
Swisher 2,41074.61%81525.23%50.15%1,59549.38%3,230
Tarrant 97,09262.98%56,59336.71%4730.31%40,49926.27%154,158
Taylor 13,36659.09%9,22040.76%340.15%4,14618.33%22,620
Terrell 36455.32%29444.68%00.00%7010.64%658
Terry 3,03465.50%1,59234.37%60.13%1,44231.13%4,632
Throckmorton 88378.14%24721.86%00.00%63656.28%1,130
Titus 3,52867.60%1,68732.32%40.08%1,84135.28%5,219
Tom Green 9,76759.40%6,66440.53%120.07%3,10318.87%16,443
Travis 44,05868.89%19,83831.02%620.10%24,22037.87%63,958
Trinity 1,65468.12%76331.43%110.45%89136.69%2,428
Tyler 1,81859.86%1,21640.04%30.10%60219.82%3,037
Upshur 4,02764.31%2,22235.48%130.21%1,80528.83%6,262
Upton 95859.73%63639.65%100.62%32220.08%1,604
Uvalde 2,35854.51%1,96345.38%50.12%3959.13%4,326
Val Verde 3,55572.52%1,34627.46%10.02%2,20945.06%4,902
Van Zandt 4,04771.30%1,61428.44%150.26%2,43342.86%5,676
Victoria 8,14165.83%4,20133.97%250.20%3,94031.86%12,367
Walker 2,87764.86%1,55735.10%20.05%1,32029.76%4,436
Waller 2,16768.82%98031.12%20.06%1,18737.70%3,149
Ward 2,22156.17%1,73043.75%30.08%49112.42%3,954
Washington 2,93859.21%2,01940.69%50.10%91918.52%4,962
Webb 10,07390.08%1,0949.78%150.13%8,97980.30%11,182
Wharton 6,23469.11%2,77530.76%110.12%3,45938.35%9,020
Wheeler 1,44055.81%1,13844.11%20.08%30211.70%2,580
Wichita 19,13168.99%8,58530.96%140.05%10,54638.03%27,730
Wilbarger 3,20067.48%1,53932.45%30.06%1,66135.03%4,742
Willacy 2,15263.52%1,23036.30%60.18%92227.22%3,388
Williamson 7,43080.74%1,76619.19%60.07%5,66461.55%9,202
Wilson 3,47282.77%71817.12%50.12%2,75465.65%4,195
Winkler 2,05955.97%1,61743.95%30.08%44212.02%3,679
Wise 3,85273.50%1,38626.45%30.06%2,46647.05%5,241
Wood 3,52862.93%2,06836.89%100.18%1,46026.04%5,606
Yoakum 1,41562.06%85937.68%60.26%55624.38%2,280
Young 3,39567.95%1,60032.03%10.02%1,79535.92%4,996
Zapata 1,00987.97%13511.77%30.26%87476.20%1,147
Zavala 1,78474.80%59825.07%30.13%1,18649.73%2,385
Totals1,663,18563.32%958,56636.49%5,0600.19%704,61926.83%2,626,811

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

Analysis

The home state of President Lyndon B. Johnson, Texas was easily his best state in the former Confederacy, although he did better still in four of the five border states. Overall Texas was Johnson's nineteenth best state in the election and weighed in at 4.25% points more Democratic than the national average. Johnson won every region in the state by wide margins, including those which had begun trending Republican in recent presidential elections such as the Texas Panhandle, the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, and Metro Houston. Every major city in the state voted for Johnson, including every mid-sized city with the exceptions of Odessa, Midland, Tyler, and Longview, which were won by Goldwater.

Two counties in the northern Panhandle, Ochiltree and Roberts, gave Goldwater over sixty percent of the vote, further reflecting this region's trend towards the Republican Party. Given that it was also Johnson's home county, Gillespie County in the Texas Hill Country voted Democratic for the only time since Franklin D. Roosevelt’s landslide in the 1932 election, in which he carried every county. [3] This is the only presidential election between 1952 and 2008 that Dallas and Harris counties voted for the Democratic candidate. Dallas in particular likely swung towards Johnson due to the city still being in mourning from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, which had occurred less than a year before the election. Despite this strong swing, Johnson only carried Dallas County by a 9.6% margin.

President Johnson carried 238 out of the state's 254 counties, and all twenty-three congressional districts. The 1964 election marks the last time a Democratic candidate for president won Texas with over sixty percent of the vote, won the state with a double-digit margin, and carried any counties with over ninety percent of the vote (in this case, the South Texas counties of Duval and Webb). Webb, Duval and Jim Hogg counties stood among the four most Democratic in the nation. [4]

Aside from Johnson's home county Gillespie as mentioned above, this remains the last election as of the 2024 presidential election in which the counties of Andrews, Austin, Bandera, Brazos, Collin, Comal, Cooke, Crane, Dawson, Deaf Smith, Denton, DeWitt, Guadalupe, Hartley, Hemphill, Irion, Kerr, Kimble, Loving, Lubbock, McMullen, Montgomery, Potter, Reagan, Runnels, Rusk, Schleicher, Sterling, Sutton, Taylor, Tom Green, Upton, Uvalde, Victoria, Washington, Winkler, and Yoakum voted for the Democratic presidential candidate. Dallas County and Harris County, the two most populous in the state, would not vote Democratic again until Barack Obama won them in 2008; Fort Bend County, a Houston suburb, would not vote Democratic again until Hillary Clinton won it in 2016; and Tarrant County, the third most populous county and home to the long-conservative Fort Worth suburbs, would not vote Democratic again until Joe Biden won it in 2020. This is also the last time a Democratic candidate won every county in the Texas Triangle.

See also

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References

  1. "1964 Presidential General Election Results - Texas" . Retrieved April 25, 2016.
  2. Scammon, Richard M. (compiler); America at the Polls: A Handbook of Presidential Election Statistics 1920-1964; pp. 451–455, ISBN   0405077114.
  3. Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016.
  4. Dave Leip’s Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections; 1964 Presidential Election Statistics