 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(April 2021) |
This is a list of term limits for heads of state, heads of government and other notable public office holders by country.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(April 2021) |
This is a list of term limits for heads of state, heads of government and other notable public office holders by country.
| Country | Head of state/government | Other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Office | Maximum number of terms | |
 Algeria | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2016 constitution reform | ||
 Angola | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2021 constitution reform | ||
 Benin | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1956 constitution reform | ||
 Botswana | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1996 constitution reform | ||
 Burkina Faso | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Burundi | President | Two 7-year terms, since 2018 constitutional reform | ||
 Chad | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Cameroon | President | Unlimited 7-year terms, since 2008 constitutional reform | ||
 Cape Verde | President | Two 5-year terms, third term only after 5 years | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Central African Republic | President | Unlimited 7-year terms, since 2023 constitutional referendum | ||
 Comoros | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2019 constitutional reform | ||
 Côte d’Ivoire | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2016 constitutional reform | ||
 Democratic Republic of the Congo | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2005 constitutional referendum | ||
 Republic of the Congo | President | Three 5-year terms, since 2015 constitutional referendum | ||
 Djibouti | President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2010 constitutional reform | ||
 Egypt | President | Two 6-year terms, since 2019 constitutional referendum | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Equatorial Guinea | President | Two 7-year terms, since 2011 constitutional reform | ||
 Eritrea | President | Two 5-year terms, as per unenforced constitution (no set terms in practice) | ||
 Eswatini | King | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2005 constitutional reform |
 Ethiopia | President | Two 6-year terms, since 1987 constitutional reform | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Gabon | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Ghana | President | Two 4-year terms, since 1992 constitutional referendum | ||
 Gambia | President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 1996 constitutional reform | ||
 Guinea | President | No set terms (transitional) | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Guinea-Bissau | President | Two 5-year terms, as per the 1996 constitution reform. | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Kenya | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2010 Constitution (except after succeeding to the Presidency and serving for more than two and a half years, in which case only one subsequent five-year term is permitted) | Deputy President | Two 5-year terms, since 2010 Constitution (except after succeeding to the Deputy Presidency and serving for more than two and a half years, in which case only one subsequent five-year term is permitted) |
 Lesotho | King | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 1998 constitutional reform |
 Liberia | President | Two 6-year terms, since 1986 constitutional referendum | ||
 Libya | Presidential Council | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Madagascar | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1992 constitutional referendum | ||
 Malawi | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1995 constitutional referendum | ||
 Mali | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Mauritania | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1991 constitutional referendum | ||
 Mauritius | President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 1991 constitutional reform | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Morocco | King | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2011 constitutional reform |
 Mozambique | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2004 constitutional reform | ||
 Namibia | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1999 constitutional reform | ||
 Niger | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Nigeria | President | Two 4-year terms, since 1999 constitutional reform | ||
 Rwanda | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2015 constitutional reform | ||
 São Tomé and Príncipe | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2003 constitution reform | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Senegal | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2016 constitutional reform | ||
 Seychelles | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2016 constitutional reform | ||
 Sierra Leone | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1991 constitutional referendum | ||
 Somalia | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1991 constitutional referendum | ||
 South Africa | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1996 constitutional referendum | ||
 South Sudan | President | Unlimited 4-year terms | ||
 Sudan | President | No set terms (transitional) | ||
 Tanzania | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1977 constitutional reform | ||
 Togo | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2019 constitutional reform | ||
 Tunisia | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2014 constitutional referendum | ||
 Uganda | President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2005 constitutional reform | ||
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | President | No set terms (in exile) | ||
 Zambia | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2006 constitutional reform | ||
 Zimbabwe | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2013 constitutional referendum | ||
| Country | Head of state/government | Other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Office | Maximum number of terms | |
 Argentina | President | Two consecutive 4-year terms | Vice President | Two consecutive 4-year terms |
| Senators | Unlimited 6-year terms | |||
| Deputies | Unlimited 4-year terms | |||
 Barbados | President | Two 4-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Assembly, which has a term of five years |
 Belize | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Representatives, which has a term of five years |
| Governor-General | No set terms; appointed by monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. | |||
 Bolivia | President | Two 5-year terms, since 2023 [1] | Vice President | Unlimited 5-year terms |
 Brazil | President | Two consecutive 4-year terms | Vice President | Two consecutive 4-year terms |
 Canada | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms, but the Prime Minister must maintain the support of the House of Commons, which by statute has a term of four years |
| Governor General | No set terms; appointed by monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. Traditionally serves for one 5-year term alternating between Anglophone and Francophone appointees. | |||
| Lieutenant Governor (provincial) | No set terms; appointed by monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. Traditionally serves for at least one 5-year term. | Premier (provincial/territorial) | No directly set terms, but Premiers must maintain the support of their respective provincial or territorial legislative assemblies, which have a term of five years | |
 Chile | President | Unlimited non-consecutive 4-year terms | ||
 Colombia | President | One 4-year term | Vice President | One 4-year term |
 Costa Rica | President | Unlimited non-consecutive 4-year terms | ||
 Cuba | First Secretary | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | Two 5-year terms |
| President | ||||
 Dominican Republic | President | Two 4-year terms | Vice President | Two 4-year terms |
 Ecuador | President | Two 4-year terms | Vice President | Two 4-year terms |
 El Salvador | President | Two 5-year term (Bukele's political reforms) | Vice President | One 5-year term |
 Guatemala | President | One 4-year term | Vice President | Unlimited non-consecutive 4-year terms |
 Guyana | President | Two 5-year terms | ||
 Haiti | President | (Transitional) | ||
 Honduras | President | Two 4-year term | Vice President | Two 4-year term |
 Jamaica | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms |
| Governor-General | No set terms; appointed by monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. | |||
 Mexico | President | One 6-year term (sexenio) | Senate | Two 6-year terms (since 2018) |
 Nicaragua | President | Unlimited 5-year terms [2] | Vice President | Unlimited 5-year terms (Ortega's political reforms) |
 Panama | President | Two non-consecutive 5-year terms | Vice President | Two non-consecutive 5-year terms |
 Paraguay | President | One 5-year term | Vice President | One 5-year term |
 Peru | President | Unlimited non-consecutive 5-year terms | Vice President | Unlimited non-consecutive 5-year terms |
 Suriname | President | Unlimited 5-year terms | Vice President | Unlimited 5-year terms |
 Trinidad and Tobago | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms |
 United States | President | Two 4-year terms, except after succeeding to the Presidency and serving more than two years, in which case only one subsequent four-year term is permitted. Eligibility of former term-limited presidents is unclear (see Twenty-second Amendment). | Vice President | Unlimited 4-year terms |
| Senators | Unlimited 6-year terms | |||
| Representatives | Unlimited 2-year terms | |||
 Uruguay | President | Unlimited non-consecutive 5-year terms | Vice President | Unlimited non-consecutive 5-year terms |
 Venezuela | President | Unlimited 6-year terms, since 2009 constitutional referendum | Vice President | No fixed terms |
| Country | Head of state | Head of government/other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Office | Maximum number of terms | |
 Armenia | President | One 7-year term | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of five years |
 Azerbaijan | President | Unlimited 7-year terms | ||
 Bangladesh | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Cambodia | King | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Georgia | President | Two terms: 6 years (current), 5 years (from 2024) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms |
 Hong Kong | Chief Executive | Two consecutive 5-year terms | ||
 India | President | Unlimited 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Indian Parliament, which has a term of five years |
 Indonesia | President | Two 5-year terms | Vice President | Two 5-year terms |
 Japan | Emperor | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 4-year terms |
| Member of the House of Councillors | Unlimited 6-year terms | |||
| Member of the House of Representatives | Unlimited maximum 4-year terms | |||
 Kazakhstan | President | One 7-year term (2022–present). Two consecutive 5-year terms, with an exception for the first President (1991-2022). | ||
 Kyrgyzstan | President | Two 5-year term | ||
 Laos | General Secretary | Unlimited 5-year terms | Prime Minister | Two 5-year terms |
| President | Two 5-year terms | |||
 Macau | Chief Executive | Two consecutive 5-year terms | Legislative Assembly | Unlimited 4-year terms |
 Malaysia | Monarch | Unlimited 5-year terms, but because the post rotates among the nine sultans of the Malayan states, they are de facto unlimited non-consecutive 5-year terms. | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Maldives | President | Two 5-year terms, since 1998 | ||
 Mongolia | President | One 6-year term (Two 4-year terms until 2021) | Prime Minister | 4-year term |
 North Korea | General Secretary | No set terms | Premier | Unlimited 5-year terms |
| President of State Affairs | Unlimited 5-year terms | |||
 Pakistan | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Pakistan Parliament, which has a term of five years |
 People's Republic of China | General Secretary | Unlimited 5-year terms | Vice President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2018 constitutional reform |
| President | Unlimited 5-year terms, since 2018 constitutional reform | Premier | Two consecutive 5-year terms (Two consecutive terms of National People's Congress session) | |
 Philippines | President | One 6-year term | Vice President | Two consecutive 6-year terms |
| Senators | Two consecutive 6-year terms | |||
| Representatives of the House | Three consecutive 3-year terms | |||
| All other local government officials | Three consecutive 3-year terms | |||
 Russia | President | Two 6-year terms [3] | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the President, who has a term of six years, as well as the support of the State Duma, which has a term of five years |
 South Korea | President | One 5-year term | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Singapore | President | Unlimited 6-year terms | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Sri Lanka | President | Two 5-year terms since 2015 | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Republic of China | President | Two consecutive 4-year terms, since 1994 [4] [5] | Vice President | Same as the president |
| Members of the Legislative Yuan | Unlimited 4-year terms since 2008 [6] | |||
| County, city and township councilors, and village chiefs | Unlimited 4-year terms [7] | |||
| County magistrates, and city and township mayors | Two consecutive 4-year terms [8] | |||
 Tajikistan | President | Two 7-year terms (Exception for Founder of peace and national Unity — Leader of the Nation) [9] | ||
 Thailand | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Two 4-year terms |
 Timor-Leste | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No term limits |
 Uzbekistan | President | Two 7-year terms, since 2023 constitutional reform | ||
 Vietnam | General Secretary | Unlimited 5-year terms (in practice two 5-years terms) | Vice President | Unlimited 5-year terms (in practice two 5-years terms) |
| President | Unlimited 5-year terms (in practice two 5-years terms) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms (in practice two 5-years terms) | |
| Country | Head of state | Head of government (if effectively supreme to a separate head of state) and other offices | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Title | Maximum number of terms | |
 Cyprus | President | Two consecutive 5-year terms | ||
 Iraq | President | Two 4-year terms | Prime Minister | Unlimited 4-year terms |
 Jordan | King | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Jordanian Parliament, which has a term of four years |
 Israel | President | One 7-year term | Prime Minister | Between 1948 and 1996, and since 2001: No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Knesset, which has an undefined term not exceeding four years |
| Between 1996 and 2001 (when the Prime Minister was directly elected): Unlimited undefined terms. Should these terms exceed seven years, the Prime Minister will not be eligible for immediate re-election | ||||
 Lebanon | President | Unlimited non-consecutive 6-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms |
 Syria | President | Two 7-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms |
 Turkey | President | Two 5-year terms [10] | Grand National Assembly of Turkey | Unlimited 5-year terms |
| Country | Head of state | Head of government (if effectively supreme to a separate head of state) and other offices | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Title | Maximum number of terms | |
 Albania | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Albanian Parliament, which has a term of four years |
| Armenia | President | One 7-year term | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of five years |
 Austria | President | Two 6-year terms. When the incumbent president loses their re-election, they can never again be elected as President of Austria | Chancellor | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Council, which has a term of five years |
| Azerbaijan | President | Unlimited 7-year terms | ||
 Belarus | President | Unlimited 5-year terms | ||
 Belgium | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Chamber of Representatives, which has a term of five years |
 Bosnia and Herzegovina | Presidency members | Two 4-year terms, reeligible after four years | Chairman of the Council of Ministers (equivalent of Prime Minister) | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Representatives, which has a term of four years |
 Bulgaria | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of four years |
 Croatia | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Sabor, which has a term of four years |
| Cyprus | President | Two 5-year terms | ||
 Czech Republic | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Chamber of Deputies, which has a term of four years |
 Denmark | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Folketing, which has a term of four years |
 Estonia | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Riigikogu, which has a term of four years |
 Finland | President | Two consecutive 6-year terms [11] | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Finnish Parliament, which has a term of four years |
 France | President | Two consecutive terms: 5 years (2002–present), 7 years (1873–2002) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of five years |
| Georgia | President | Two terms: 6 years (current), 5 years (from 2024) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms |
 Germany | President | Two consecutive 5-year terms | Chancellor | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Bundestag, which has a term of four years |
 Greece | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Hellenic Parliament, which has a term of four years |
 Hungary | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of four years |
 Iceland | President | Unlimited 4-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Althing, which has a term of four years |
 Ireland | President | Two 7-year terms | Taoiseach (equivalent of Prime Minister) | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Dáil, which has a term of five years |
 Italy | President | Unlimited 7-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of both Houses of the Parliament, which have a term of five years |
| Kazakhstan | President | One 7-year term (2022–present). Two consecutive 5-year terms, with an exception for the first President (1991-2022). | ||
 Kosovo | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Assembly, which has a term of four years |
 Latvia | President | Two 4-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Saeima, which has a term of four years |
 Liechtenstein | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Landtag, which has a term of four years |
 Lithuania | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Seimas, which has a term of four years |
 Luxembourg | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Chamber of Deputies, which has a term of five years |
 Malta | President | One 5-year term | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Maltese Parliament, which has a term of five years |
 Moldova | President | Two 4-year terms [12] | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Moldovan Parliament, which has a term of four years |
 Montenegro | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Montenegrin Parliament, which has a term of four years |
 Netherlands | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | Unlimited 4-year terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Representatives, which has a term of four years |
 North Macedonia | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Assembly of North Macedonia, which has a term of four years |
 Norway | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Storting, which has a term of four years |
 Poland | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Sejm, which has a term of four years |
 Portugal | President | Two consecutive 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Assembly of the Republic, which has a term of less than four years |
 Romania | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Chamber of Deputies, as well as the support of the Senate, both of which have a term of less than four years |
| Russia | President | Two 6-year terms [13] | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the President, who has a term of six years, as well as the support of the State Duma, which has a term of five years |
 San Marino | Captain-Regent | Unlimited non-consecutive 6-month terms, but an outgoing Captain Regent of San Marino must wait for a minimum of three years until they can be elected again | ||
 Serbia | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of four years |
 Slovakia | President | Two 5-year terms [14] | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Council, which has a term of four years |
 Slovenia | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Assembly, which has a term of four years |
 Spain | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Congress of Deputies, which has a term of four years |
 Sweden | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Riksdag, which has a term of four years |
 Switzerland | President of the Confederation | Unlimited non-consecutive 1-year terms | Federal Council | Unlimited 4-year terms |
| Turkey | President | Two 5-year terms [15] | Grand National Assembly of Turkey | Unlimited 5-year terms |
 United Kingdom | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Commons, which has a term of five years |
 Ukraine | President | Two 5-year terms | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Verkhovna Rada, which has a term of five years |
 Vatican City | Pope | Lifetime term | Cardinal Secretary of State | No set term, he holds office as long as the pope who appointed him is in office/dismissed by the Pope/opts to retire |
| Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church | Papal appointment, appointee holds office while Pope who appointed them is in office/dismissed by the Pope/opts to retire | |||
| Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State | No set term, he holds office as long as the pope who appointed him is in office/dismissed by the Pope/opts to retire | |||
| Dean of the College of Cardinals | Two 5-year terms/dismissed by the Pope/opts to retire | |||
| College of Cardinals | Lifetime term; voting rights last until 80 years of age | |||
| Country | Head of state | Other | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Maximum number of terms | Office | Maximum number of terms | |
 Australia | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Representatives, which has a term of three years |
| Governor-General | No term limits, but traditionally serve for one 5-year term | |||
 Federated States of Micronesia | President | Two 4-year terms | Vice President | Two 4-year terms |
 Fiji | President | Two 3-year terms | Prime Minister | Unlimited 4-year terms |
 Kiribati | President | Three 4-year terms | Vice President | Three 4-year terms |
 Marshall Islands | President | Two 4-year terms | ||
 New Zealand | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the House of Representatives, which has a term of three years |
| Governor-General | No term limits, but traditionally serve for one 5-year term | |||
 Nauru | President | Two 3-year terms | ||
 Palau | President | Two 4-year terms | Vice President | Two 4-year terms |
 Papua New Guinea | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Parliament, which has a term of five years |
| Governor-General | Two 6-year terms | |||
 Samoa | Chief of State | Two 5-year terms since 2019. Before 2019, the number of 5-year terms was unlimited; however, the first officeholder served for life | Prime Minister | Unlimited 5-year terms |
 Solomon Islands | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the National Parliament, which has a term of four years |
| Governor-General | Two 5-year terms | |||
 Tonga | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms |
 Tuvalu | Monarch | No set terms (hereditary succession) | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the Tuvaluan Parliament, which has a term of four years |
| Governor-General | No term limits | |||
 Vanuatu | President | One 5-year term | Prime Minister | No directly set terms; however, they must maintain the support of the ni-Vanuatu Parliament, which has a term of four years |
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A constitutional referendum was held in Armenia on 6 December 2015. Its amendments to the constitution put the country on a course from having a semi-presidential system to being a parliamentary republic, with the changes beginning to take place during the 2017–18 electoral cycle. The referendum passed with 66.2% of voters supporting it. Voter turnout was 50.8%, passing the 33% threshold to validate the results.
The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, known simply as Nezam, is the ruling state and current political system in Iran, in power since the Iranian Revolution and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979.
The amendments of 2020, which were proposed in January 2020, are the second substantial amendments to the Constitution of Russia of 1993. To introduce these amendments, Vladimir Putin, president of Russia, held a national vote. They were approved on 1 July by a popular vote.