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| Formula | C11H14ClNO |
| Molar mass | 211.69 g·mol−1 |
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4-Chloro-3-Methylmethcathinone (4-Cl-3-MMC) is a chemical compound from the substituted cathinone family. It has stimulant effects, [1] and has been sold as a designer drug. [2] It was first identified in Sweden in 2021. [3] It is illegal in Italy [4] and Finland, [5] as well as under generic legislation in various other jurisdictions.
Substituted cathinones, which include some stimulants and entactogens, are derivatives of cathinone. They feature a phenethylamine core with an alkyl group attached to the alpha carbon, and a ketone group attached to the beta carbon, along with additional substitutions. Cathinone occurs naturally in the plant khat whose leaves are chewed as a recreational drug.
2-Fluorodeschloroketamine is a dissociative anesthetic related to ketamine. Its sale and use as a designer drug has been reported in various countries. It is an analogue of ketamine where the chlorine group has been replaced by fluorine. Due to its recent emergence, the pharmacological specifics of the compound are mostly unclear, but effects are reported to be similar to its parent compound, ketamine.
N-Ethylhexedrone (also known as α-ethylaminocaprophenone, N-ethylnorhexedrone, hexen, and NEH) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) with IC50 values of 0.0978 and 0.0467 μM, respectively. N-Ethylhexedrone was first mentioned in a series of patents by Boehringer Ingelheim in the 1960s which led to the development of the better-known drug methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). Since the mid-2010s, N-ethylhexedrone has been sold online as a designer drug. In 2018, N-ethylhexedrone was the second most common drug of the cathinone class to be identified in Drug Enforcement Administration seizures.
3-Chloromethcathinone, also known as clophedrone or 3-CMC, is a synthetic substance belonging to the cathinone class of psychoactive compounds and is very similar in structure to other cathinone derivatives like 3-Methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) or the more commonly known mephedrone (4-MMC)., Unlike cathinone, which occurs naturally in the khat plant Catha edulis, 3-CMC is not found in nature and is solely produced through chemical synthesis.,
CUMYL-CBMINACA (SGT-277) is an indazole-3-carboxamide based synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist that has been sold as a designer drug, first being identified in Germany in February 2020. It is illegal in Finland.
Methoxpropamine is a dissociative anesthetic drug of the arylcyclohexylamine class and NMDA receptor antagonist that is closely related to substances such as methoxetamine and PCPr. It has been sold online as a designer drug, first being identified in Denmark in October 2019, and is illegal in Finland.
5-Methylmethiopropamine is a stimulant drug which is a ring-substituted derivative of methiopropamine. It is not a substituted cathinone derivative like mephedrone, as it lacks a ketone group at the β position of the aliphatic side chain, but instead more closely resembles substituted amphetamines. It has been sold as a designer drug, first being identified in Germany in June 2020.
2-Methylmethcathinone (2-MMC), also known as ortomephedrone is a recreational designer drug with stimulant and euphoric effects. It is a substituted cathinone derivative, closely related to better known drugs such as 3-methylmethcathinone and 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone). It was first identified in Sweden in 2014, and has subsequently been reported in other European countries such as Poland and Spain.
5-Chloro-β-keto-methiopropamine (5-Cl-βk-MPA) is a recreational designer drug with stimulant effects. It is a substituted cathinone derivative with a thiophene core, closely related to better known drugs such as βk-Methiopropamine and mephedrene.
ZDCM-04 is a recreational designer drug with psychedelic effects. It is a phenethylamine derivative which is thought to act as a prodrug for DOC and theophylline in the same way in which fenethylline acts as a prodrug for amphetamine and theophylline. ZDCM-04 was made illegal in Italy in March 2020.
PTI-3 is an indole-3-thiazole based synthetic cannabinoid which has been sold as a designer drug. It was first identified in Hungary in 2020, and was made illegal in Italy in June 2021.
4'-Fluoro-4-methylaminorex is a recreational designer drug from the substituted aminorex family, with stimulant effects. It was first detected in Slovenia in 2018. It was made illegal in Italy in March 2020.
N-Ethyl-2C-B is a recreational designer drug with psychedelic effects. It was first synthesised in the 1990s, and was first identified as a new psychoactive substance in Finland in 2007. It is specifically listed as an illegal drug in Finland, and controlled under analogue provisions in a number of other jurisdictions.
3F-PiHP (3F-α-PHiP) is a recreational designer drug from the substituted cathinone family, with stimulant effects. It was first identified in both Sweden and Finland in mid-2019, and was made illegal in Finland in August 2019.
5F-JWH-398 is a recreational designer drug which is classed as a synthetic cannabinoid. It is from the naphthoylindole family, and produces cannabis-like effects. It was legally sold in New Zealand from 2012 to 2014 under the psychoactive substances scheme but was discontinued in May 2014 following the end of the interim approval period under the Psychoactive Substances Act 2013. Subsequently, it has appeared on the illicit market around the world and was identified in Germany in May 2019.
N,N-Dimethylpentylone is a substituted cathinone derivative with stimulant effects, which has been sold as a designer drug, first detected in Sweden in 2014.
3-Fluoro-N-ethylbuphedrone (3F-NEB) is a substituted cathinone derivative with stimulant effects which has been sold as a designer drug. It was first identified in Sweden in 2021.
2-Methyl-alpha-PVP (2-Me-PVP) is a substituted cathinone derivative with stimulant effects which has been sold as a designer drug. It was first identified in Sweden in 2021.
MDPEP is a substituted cathinone derivative with stimulant effects which has been sold as a designer drug. It is the longer chain heptyl homologue of the well known stimulant designer drugs MDPV and MDPHP. It was first identified in Sweden in 2019 and has been relatively widely sold, being the most commonly encountered substituted cathinone derivative found in the US in 2020–2021, though it has still not reached the same levels of use internationally as MDPV and MDPHP.
ADB-5'Br-BUTINACA (ADB-B-5Br-INACA) is an indazole-3-carboxamide based synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist which has been sold as a designer drug, first detected in Philadelphia in the US in May 2022, and subsequently found in South Korea, Portugal and Sweden. It is specifically listed as an illegal drug in Italy, South Korea and several states in the US, and controlled under analogue legislation in various other jurisdictions.
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