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| Formula | C15H10ClFN4S |
| Molar mass | 332.78 g·mol−1 |
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Fluclotizolam is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative which was first synthesised in 1979, [1] but was never marketed. It has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, first being definitively identified in 2017. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
Etizolam is a thienodiazepine derivative which is a benzodiazepine analog. The etizolam molecule differs from a benzodiazepine in that the benzene ring has been replaced by a thiophene ring and triazole ring has been fused, making the drug a thienotriazolodiazepine.
Propylisopropyltryptamine (PiPT) is a chemical in the tryptamine family, which reportedly produces psychedelic and hallucinogenic effects that resemble those of other related dialkyl tryptamine derivatives, although PiPT is reportedly relatively weak and short lasting. It has been sold as a designer drug, first being identified in 2021 in British Columbia, Canada.
Nortilidine is the major active metabolite of tilidine. It is formed from tilidine by demethylation in the liver. The racemate has opioid analgesic effects roughly equivalent in potency to that of morphine. The (1R,2S)-isomer has NMDA antagonist activity. The drug also acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. The reversed-ester of nortilidine is also known, as is the corresponding analogue with the cyclohexene ring replaced by cyclopentane, which have almost identical properties to nortilidine.
Pyrazolam (SH-I-04) is a benzodiazepine derivative originally developed by a team led by Leo Sternbach at Hoffman-La Roche in the 1970s. It has since been "rediscovered" and sold as a designer drug since 2012.
Flubromazolam (JYI-73) is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD), which are benzodiazepine (BZD) derivatives. Flubromazolam is reputed to be highly potent, and concerns have been raised that clonazolam and flubromazolam in particular may pose comparatively higher risks than other designer benzodiazepines, due to their ability to produce strong sedation and amnesia at oral doses of as little as 0.5 mg. Life-threatening adverse reactions have been observed at doses of only 3 mg of flubromazolam.
Bromazolam (XLI-268) is a triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) which was first synthesised in 1976, but was never marketed. It has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, first being definitively identified by the EMCDDA in Sweden in 2016. It is the bromo instead of chloro analogue of alprazolam and has similar sedative and anxiolytic effects to it and other benzodiazepines. Bromazolam is a non subtype selective agonist at the benzodiazepine site of GABAA receptors, with a binding affinity of 2.81 nM at the α1 subtype, 0.69 nM at α2 and 0.62 nM at α5. The "common" dosage range for users of bromazolam was reported to be 1–2 mg, suggesting its potency is similar to alprazolam.
Cloniprazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative and a prodrug of clonazepam, 7-aminoclonazepam, and other metabolites.
Difludiazepam (Ro07-4065) is a benzodiazepine derivative which is the 2',6'-difluoro derivative of fludiazepam. It was invented in the 1970s but was never marketed, and has been used as a research tool to help determine the shape and function of the GABAA receptors, at which it has an IC50 of 4.1nM. Difludiazepam has subsequently been sold as a designer drug, and was first notified to the EMCDDA by Swedish authorities in 2017.
3-Chloro-PCP (3'-Cl-PCP) is a recreational designer drug from the arylcyclohexylamine family, with dissociative effects. It has comparable potency to phencyclidine but with a slightly different effects profile, being somewhat more potent as an NMDA antagonist but around the same potency as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. It was first identified in Slovenia in December 2020, and was made illegal in Hungary in April 2021.
3-Fluoro-PCP is a recreational designer drug from the arylcyclohexylamine family, with dissociative effects. It was first identified in Slovenia in October 2020, and was made illegal in Hungary in April 2021.
Ro20-8552 is a benzodiazepine derivative with sedative and anxiolytic effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Ro09-9212 is a thienodiazepine derivative with sedative and anxiolytic effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Ro07-9749 is a benzodiazepine derivative with sedative and anxiolytic effects, which has been used as an internal standard in the analysis of other benzodiazepines, and also sold as a designer drug.
Fluadinazolam is a benzodiazepine derivative developed in 1973, with sedative and anxiolytic effects. It is a derivative of the never commercially marketed benzodiazepine adinazolam and has similarly been sold as a designer drug.
Flubrotizolam is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative with potent sedative and anxiolytic effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Fluetizolam is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative with potent sedative and anxiolytic effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Ro20-8065 (8-Chloronorflurazepam) is a benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Ro07-5220 (6'-Chlorodiclazepam) is a benzodiazepine derivative with sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects, which has been sold as a designer drug.
Pynazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine derivative first invented in the 1970s, which has in more recent years been sold online as a designer drug. Anecdotal reports and in silico studies suggest it has relatively potent hypnotic and sedative effects. Pynazolam is a powerful serotonin releaser similar to nimetazepam which increases hypnotic activity and euphoria. Anecdotal evidence has also suggested that it's subjective effects are similar to methaqualone although unlike methaqualone, it cannot be smoked or vaporised due to its high melting & boiling point.
