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There are over 250 languages indigenous to Europe, and most belong to the Indo-European language family. Out of a total European population of 744 million as of 2018, some 94% are native speakers of an Indo-European language. The three largest phyla of the Indo-European language family in Europe are Romance, Germanic, and Slavic; they have more than 200 million speakers each, and together account for close to 90% of Europeans.
Kalinga is a dialect continuum of Kalinga Province in the Philippines, spoken by the Kalinga people, alongside Ilocano. The Banao Itneg variety is not one of the neighboring Itneg languages.
Bontoc (Bontok) is the native language of the indigenous Bontoc people of the Mountain Province, in the northern part of the Philippines.
Ngiri is a Bantu language closely related to Lingala.
Samo, also known as Mande Samo, is a dialect cluster of Mande languages spoken in Burkina Faso and Mali.
Zeem, or Chaari, is an endangered Chadic dialect cluster of Nigeria, whose speakers are shifting to Hausa. Dyarim is closely related.
Yaka, also spelled Iaca and Iyaka, is a Bantu language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola. There are two dialects, Yaka proper, which comprises 99% of speakers, and Ngoongo. The alleged varieties Pelende and Lonzo are political rather than ethnolinguistic entities.
Ding is a Bantu language that is spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The Fungor language, Ko (Kau) or Nyaro, is a Niger–Congo language of the Heiban family spoken in Kordofan, Sudan.
Ede is a dialect continuum of Benin and Togo that is closely related to the Yoruba language. The best-known variety is Ife.
Ntomba and Lia (Bolia) are closely related Bantu languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, close enough to be considered dialects of a single Lia-Ntomba language.
Kayan is a dialect cluster spoken by the Kayan people of Borneo. It is a cluster of closely related dialects with limited mutual intelligibility, and is itself part of the Kayan-Murik group of Austronesian languages.
Lamaholot, also known as Solor or Solorese, is a Central Malayo-Polynesian dialect cluster of Flores, Indonesia. The varieties may not be all mutually intelligible; Keraf (1978) reports that there are 18 languages under the name.
Itneg is a South-Central Cordilleran dialect continuum found in the island of Luzon, Philippines. This language and Ilocano are spoken by the Itneg people in Abra.
Kyirong–Kagate is a subgroup of Tibetic languages spoken primarily in Nepal, with a hundred or so speakers across the border in Tibet.
Kimaragang (Marigang), Tobilung, and Rungus are varieties of a single Austronesian language of Sabah, Malaysia. The three varieties share moderate mutual intelligibility. Children are not learning it well in some areas.
Taupota is an Oceanic language of the Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. It appears to be a dialect chain, with southern varieties called Wa'ema and western Wedau.
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References
- ↑ Citak at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Diuwe at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Tamnim Citak at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ↑ Antoni, Alexander de (2010). ""Call Us Kau, Not Citak." Constitutive Factors for the Ethnic Consciousness of an Asmat Subgroup". Anthropos. 105 (2). Nomos Verlag: 411–422. doi:10.5771/0257-9774-2010-2-411. ISSN 0257-9774.
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