Coastal Konjo language

Last updated
Coastal Konjo
Native to Indonesia
Region South Sulawesi
Native speakers
170,000 (2010 census) [1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3 kjc
Glottolog coas1295

Coastal Konjo is an Austronesian language of Sulawesi, Indonesia, which belongs to the Makassaric branch of the South Sulawesi subgroup. It is spoken along the coast in the southeastern corner of South Sulawesi in the regencies of Sinjai, Bulukumba and Bantaeng. [2] [3] It is closely related to, but distinct from Highland Konjo, which also belongs to the Makassaric languages.

Contents

Phonology

The following sound inventory is based on Friberg & Friberg (1991). [4]

Vowels [4]
Front Back
High i u
Mid e o
Low a

The vowel /a/ is realized as [ ə ] before geminate nasals.

Consonants [4]
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive/
Affricate
voiceless p t t͡ʃ k ʔ
voiced b d d͡ʒ ɡ
Fricative s h
Semivowel j w
Lateral l
Trill r

Only [ ŋ ] and [ ʔ ] can appear in final position. Words with underlying final /s/, /l/ or /r/ add an echo vowel, e.g. /nipis/['nipisi] 'thin'.

Grammar

Personal pronouns in Coastal Konjo have one independent form, and three bound forms. [5]

Personal pronouns
freeergativeabsolutivepossessive
1.sg./1.pl.excl.nakkeku--a-ku
1.pl.incl./2.honorificgitteki--ki-ta
2.familiarkaunu--ko-mu
3.iana--i-na

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Highland Konjo is an Austronesian language of Sulawesi, Indonesia, which belongs to the Makassaric branch of the South Sulawesi subgroup. It is spoken in the interior parts of Bone, Bulukumba, Gowa, and Sinjai regencies of South Sulawesi province, in the area to the northwest of Mount Lompobatang. It is closely related to, but distinct from Coastal Konjo, which also belongs to the Makassaric languages.

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References

  1. Coastal Konjo at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed Access logo transparent.svg
  2. Grimes, C. E.; Grimes, B. E. (1987). Languages of South Sulawesi . Pacific Linguistics Series D - No. 78. Canberra: Australian National University. doi: 10.15144/PL-D78 . hdl: 1885/145413 . ISBN   0-85883-352-2.
  3. Friberg, T.; Laskowske, T. V. (1989). "South Sulawesi Languages" (PDF). In Sneddon, J. N. (ed.). Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics Part I. NUSA 31. Jakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya. pp. 1–17.
  4. 1 2 3 Friberg, Barbara; Friberg, Timothy (1991). "Notes on Konjo Phonology" (PDF). In Sneddon, James N. (ed.). Studies in Sulawesi Linguistics, Part II. NUSA 33. Jakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya. pp. 71–115.
  5. Friberg, Barbara (1996). "Konjo's Peripatetic Person Markers" (PDF). In Steinhauer, Hein (ed.). Papers in Austronesian Linguistics No. 3. Canberra: Australian National University. pp. 137–171.