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The population of Indonesia was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 million in 2010. The official estimate as at end 2023 was 280 million increasing at a rate of 1.17% per year. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides on Java, which is the most populous island in the world.
Malay is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that is also spoken in East Timor and parts of Thailand. Altogether, it is spoken by 290 million people across Maritime Southeast Asia.
The Balinese language is a Austronesian language in the Malayo-Polynesian language branch. spoken on the Indonesian island of Bali, as well as Nusa Penida, Western Lombok, Eastern Java, Southern Sumatra, and Sulawesi. Most Balinese speakers also use Indonesian. The 2000 national census recorded 3.3 million people speakers of Balinese, however the Bali Cultural Agency estimated in 2011 that the number of people still using the Balinese language in their daily lives is under 1 million. The language has been classified as "not endangered" by Glottolog.
Javanese is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java, Indonesia. There are also pockets of Javanese speakers on the northern coast of western Java. It is the native language of more than 68 million people.
In addition to its classical and modern literary form, Malay had various regional dialects established after the rise of the Srivijaya empire in Sumatra, Indonesia. Also, Malay spread through interethnic contact and trade across the south East Asia Archipelago as far as the Philippines. That contact resulted in a lingua franca that was called Bazaar Malay or low Malay and in Malay Melayu Pasar. It is generally believed that Bazaar Malay was a pidgin, influenced by contact among Malay, Hokkien, Portuguese, and Dutch traders.
The Sasak language is spoken by the Sasak ethnic group, which make up the majority of the population of Lombok, an island in the West Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. It is closely related to the Balinese and Sumbawa languages spoken on adjacent islands, and is part of the Austronesian language family. Sasak has no official status; the national language, Indonesian, is the official and literary language in areas where Sasak is spoken.
Betawi, also known as Betawi Malay, Jakartan Malay, or Batavian Malay, is the spoken language of the Betawi people in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the native language of perhaps 5 million people; a precise number is difficult to determine due to the vague use of the name.
More than 700 living languages are spoken in Indonesia. This figure indicates that Indonesia has about 10% of the world's languages, establishing its reputation as the second most linguistically diverse nation in the world after Papua New Guinea. Most languages belong to the Austronesian language family, while there are over 270 Papuan languages spoken in eastern Indonesia. The language most widely spoken as a native language is Javanese.
Berau Malay, or just Berau, is an Malayic language which is spoken by Berau Malays in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is one three native Malayic varieties in southeastern Borneo along with Banjar and Kutai, of which it forms a dialect continuum.
The Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa languages are a group of closely related languages spoken in Indonesia in the western Lesser Sunda Islands. The three languages are Balinese on Bali, Sasak on Lombok, and Sumbawa on western Sumbawa.
Udayana University is a for-profit public university in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. It was established on September 29, 1962, and it used to belong to the Airlangga University mainly located in Surabaya. Its current rector is I Nyoman Gde Antara. The university's name was derived from the 10th-century Balinese King Udayana (Dharmodayana) of the Warmadewa Dynasty.
Larantuka Malay, also known as Nagi, is an Malay-based creole language spoken in the eastern part of Flores in Indonesia, especially in Larantuka. It is a derivative of Malay which is thought to originate from Malacca. It is a language with unspecified linguistic affiliation. According to 2007 data, this language is spoken by 20,000 speakers, mainly the people of East Flores. Larantuka Malay is the mother tongue of the Nagi people. Then it also functions as a second language for several nearby communities.
Kodi is a Sumba language of Indonesia. The population figure may include Gaura, which Ethnologue counts as a dialect of both the Lamboya and Kodi languages. Kodi is an Austronesian language that is mainly spoken in Nusa Tenggara Timur province, the western part of the island of Sumba in eastern Indonesia. An alternate name for Kodi is Kudi and dialects of the language include Kodi Bokol, Kodi Bangedo, Nggaro (Nggaura) and is most alike to Wejewa. With only approximately 20,000 speakers, the Kodi language is an endangered language.
Tipat cantok is a Balinese popular local dish. It is made of various boiled or blanched vegetables with ketupat rice cake, served in spicy peanut sauce. In the Balinese language tipat means ketupat, while cantok means grounding ingredients using mortar and pestle. Vegetables normally used in this dish are asparagus bean, beansprout, water spinach, and tofu. It is a common street food, popular among tourists as well as locals.
Balinese Wikipedia is the edition of Wikipedia in the Balinese language. The Balinese Wikipedia generally follows the basic rules of Indonesian Wikipedia. The Balinese Wikipedia has been in the project incubator Wikimedia, since the incubator page was created in 2005 until October 2019.
Loloan Malays or Balinese Malays are a sub-ethnic group of the Malay who have lived in Loloan, Jembrana, Bali, Indonesia since the 17th century. There are approximately 28,000 up to 65,000 Loloan Malays living in Bali.
The Malay Chetty creole language is a Malay-based creole spoken by the Chetties, a distinctive group of Tamil people found mainly in Malacca in Malaysia and Singapore, who have adopted Chinese and Malay cultural practices whilst also retaining their Hindu heritage.
Dewa Ayu Carma Citrawati is an Indonesian short story writer, Balinese literature activist, and Wikimedian. She is well known for pioneering tasks to digitize and translate ancient Balinese palm-leaf manuscripts. On 15 August 2021, she was conferred with the title Wikimedian Newcomer of the Year during the 2021 virtual Wikimania conference.
References
- 1 2 3 Ethnologue: Languages of the World (unknown ed.). SIL International.[ This citation is dated, and should be substituted with a specific edition of Ethnologue ]
- 1 2 Suparwa, I Nyoman (2020-06-26). "Balinese Malay Language in the Hands of Young Generation". Scientific of Udayana Networking. Badung, Indonesia: Udayana University. Archived from the original on 2021-08-14. Retrieved 2021-08-14.
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