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This is a list of proxy wars. Major powers have been highlighted in bold. A proxy war is defined as "a war fought between groups of smaller countries that each represent the interests of other larger powers, and may have help and support from these".
Ethnic Liberation Organization of Laos (1984–2008) United Front for the Liberation of Laos (1980–2008)
Royal Lao Democratic Government (1982)
Chao Fa (to 1984) Lao National Liberation Front Lao United Independence Front Free Democratic Lao National Salvation Force National Army of Democratic Kampuchea (1979–1983: limited involv.)
↑ The name Kenya Land and Freedom Army is sometimes heard in connection with Mau Mau. KLFA is not simply another name for Mau Mau: it was the name that Dedan Kimathi used for a coordinating body which he tried to set up for Mau Mau. It was also the name of another militant group that sprang up briefly in the spring of 1960; the group was broken up during a brief operation from 26 March to 30 April.[58]
↑ Much of the civil war has eased off in 1949–50 with the Battle of Hainan Island took place in 1950, KMT insurgency in Burma and three crises in the Taiwan Strait occurred in 1954, 1958 and 1996. In effect, no peace treaty or armistice agreement is signed.
↑ Brecher, Michael; Wilkenfeld, Jonathan (1 January 1997). A Study of Crisis. University of Michigan Press. ISBN978-0472108060. Retrieved 10 December 2016– via Google Books.
↑ Brecher, Michael; Wilkenfeld, Jonathan (1 January 1997). A Study of Crisis. University of Michigan Press. ISBN978-0472108060. Retrieved 10 December 2016– via Google Books.
↑ According to John R. Ferris, "Decisive Turkish victory in Anatolia... produced Britain's gravest strategic crisis between the 1918 Armistice and Munich, plus a seismic shift in British politics..." Erik Goldstein and Brian McKerche, Power and Stability: British Foreign Policy, 1865–1965, 2004 p. 139
↑ A. Strahan claimed: "The internationalisation of Constantinople and the Straits under the aegis of the League of Nations, feasible in 1919, was out of the question after the complete and decisive Turkish victory over the Greeks". A. Strahan, Contemporary Review, 1922.
↑ Chester Neal Tate, Governments of the World: a Global Guide to Citizens' Rights and Responsibilities, Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson Gale, 2006, p. 205.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Cummins, Joseph (2009). The War Chronicles, From Flintlocks to Machine Guns: A Global Reference of All the Major Modern Conflicts. Beverly, Massachusetts: Fair Winds Press. pp.282–299. ISBN978-1-59233-305-9.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Cummins, Joseph (2011). History's Greatest Wars: The Epic Conflicts that Shaped the Modern World. Beverly, Massachusetts: Fair Winds Press. pp.232–243. ISBN978-1-59233-471-1.
1 2 "Para la mayoría de las voces, el conflicto entre Bolivia y Paraguay (1932–1935) tuvo su origen en el control del supuesto petróleo que pronto iría a fluír desde el desierto chaqueño en beneficio de la nación victoriosa."Archondo, Rafael. "La Guerra del Chaco: ¿hubo algún titiritero?". Población y Desarrollo. 34: 29.
↑ The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (10 November 2014). "Spanish Civil War". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
↑ Thomas G.Powell, Mexico and the Spanish Civil War (1981).
↑ Matthew D. Gallagher, "Leon Blum and the Spanish Civil War". Journal of Contemporary History 6.3 (1971): 56-64.
↑ Suzanne Pepper, Civil War in China: The Political Struggle 1945–1949 (1999).
1 2 3 4 The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (18 July 2013). "Greek Civil War". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 English, June; Jones, Thomas (September 2003) [1998]. Encyclopedia of the United States At War. Scholastic Inc. pp.148–159. ISBN978-0-439-59229-1.
↑ Alliston, Michael; etal. (27 May 2015). "HMS Belfast". koreanwar.org. Korean War Project. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
↑ Hempel, William; Jenks, George; Peelgrane, Tanish (29 March 2012). "Denmark – Navy – Korean War". koreanwar.org. Korean War Project. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
↑ Swick, Kjerstin; etal. (17 March 2005). "Norway – Korean War". koreanwar.org. Korean War Project. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
↑ Laura Desfor Edles (28 May 1998). Symbol and Ritual in the New Spain: The Transition to Democracy after Franco. Cambridge University Press. p.32. ISBN978-0-521-62885-3.
↑ Niederschmidt, Robert; etal. (30 March 2011). "Sweden – Korean War". koreanwar.org. Korean War Project. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
1 2 3 4 5 Cummins, Joseph (2009). The War Chronicles, From Flintlocks to Machine Guns: A Global Reference of All the Major Modern Conflicts. Beverly, Massachusetts: Fair Winds Press. pp.362–377. ISBN978-1-59233-305-9.
1 2 3 4 5 Cummins, Joseph (2011). History's Greatest Wars: The Epic Conflicts that Shaped the Modern World. Beverly, Massachusetts: Fair Winds Press. pp.272–281. ISBN978-1-59233-471-1.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 English, June; Jones, Thomas (September 2003) [1998]. Encyclopedia of the United States at War. New York, New York: Scholastic Inc. pp.162–177. ISBN978-0-439-59229-1.
↑ "BBC: North Korea fought in Vietnam War". BBC World Service. 2000-03-31. – Sokáig Vietnam és a KNDK is tagadta, hogy észak-koreaiak részt vettek volna a háborúban, de 2000-ben végül a vietnami vezetés megerősítette a korábbi feltevéseket (bár a pontos észak-koerai létszámadatok és az áldozatok száma továbbra sem ismert).
↑ "Sweden announces support to Viet Cong". HISTORY.com. Retrieved July 20, 2016. In Sweden, Foreign Minister Torsten Nilsson reveals that Sweden has been providing assistance to the Viet Cong, including some $550,000 worth of medical supplies. Similar Swedish aid was to go to Cambodian and Laotian civilians affected by the Indochinese fighting. This support was primarily humanitarian in nature and included no military aid.
↑ John Pike. "Sudan Civil War". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
1 2 Johnson, Douglas (2011). The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars: Peace Or Truce. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp.36–37. ISBN978-1-84701-029-2.
↑ Leach, Justin (2012). War and Politics in Sudan: Cultural Identities and the Challenges of the Peace Process. I.B.Tauris. p.178. ISBN978-1-78076-227-2.
1 2 Historical Dictionary of Eritrea, 2010. Page 492
1 2 Oil, Power and Politics: Conflict of Asian and African Studies, 1975. Page 97.
↑ Eritrea: Even the Stones Are Burning, 1998. Page 110
↑ Eritrea – liberation or capitulation, 1978. Page 103
↑ Politics and liberation: the Eritrean struggle, 1961–86: an analysis of the political development of the Eritrean liberation struggle 1961–86 by help of a theoretical framework developed for analysing armed national liberation movements, 1987. Page 170
↑ Ethiopia at Bay: A Personal Account of the Haile Selassie Years, 2006. page 318.
↑ Historical Dictionary of Eritrea, 2010. page 460
1 2 Spencer C. Tucker, A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, 2009. page 2402
1 2 The Pillage of Sustainablility in Eritrea, 1600s–1990s: Rural Communities and the Creeping Shadows of Hegemony, 1998. Page 82.
1 2 3 Connell, Dan (March 2005). Building a New Nation: Collected Articles on the Eritrean Revolution (1983–2002). Red Sea Press. ISBN978-1-56902-199-6.
1 2 3 4 Keneally, Thomas (1987-09-27). "In Eritrea". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
↑ Foreign Intervention in Africa: From the Cold War to the War on Terror, 2013. Page 158.
↑ Chinese and African Perspectives on China in Africa 2009, Page 93
↑ Ethiopia and the United States: History, Diplomacy, and Analysis, 2009. page 84.
1 2 Michael Brecher and Jonathan Wilkenfel. A Study of Crisis: p324-5. University of Michigan Press. 1997. "The four actors in the first phase of the long Yemen War were Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Yemen"
1 2 Sandler, Stanley. Ground Warfare: The International Encyclopedia. Vol. 1 (2002): p. 977. "Egypt immediately began sending military supplies and troops to assist the Republicans... On the royalist side Jordan and Saudi Arabia were furnishing military aid, and Britain lent diplomatic support. In addition to the Egyptian aid, the Soviet Union allegedly supplied 24 Mig-19s to the republicans."
↑ From liberation movement to government: ZANU and the formulation of the foreign policy of Zimbabwe, 1990. Page 284
1 2 Thomas, Scott (December 1995). The Diplomacy of Liberation: the Foreign Relations of the ANC Since 1960 (Firsted.). London: I.B. Tauris. pp.16–17. ISBN978-1-85043-993-6.
↑ Interparliamentary Union Conference, Sofia, Bulgaria: Report of the United States Delegation to the 64th Conference of the Interparliamentary Union, Held at Sofia, Bulgaria, 21–30 September 1977. Page 42
↑ Record of Proceedings -International Labour Conference 6, 1982. Page 4.
↑ "Idi Amin and Military Rule". Country Study: Uganda. Library of Congress. December 1990. Retrieved 5 February 2010. By mid-March 1979, about 2,000 Libyan troops and several hundred Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) fighters had joined in the fight to save Amin's regime
1 2 3 Geoffrey Leslie Simons, Libya and the West: from independence to Lockerbie, Centre for Libyan Studies (Oxford, England). Page 57.
↑ Dijk, Ruud van; Gray, William Glenn; Savranskaya, Svetlana; Suri, Jeremi; Zhai, Qiang (13 May 2013). Encyclopedia of the Cold War. Routledge. ISBN978-1135923112. Retrieved 10 December 2016– via Google Books.
↑ Benson, Brett V. (2012). Constructing International Security: Alliances, Deterrence, and Moral Hazard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.67. ISBN9781107027244. Russia was widely viewed as supporting the Armenian position. Much of this perception stemmed from the fact that Russia transferred military support to Armenia during the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
↑ "Strategic impact". Bucharest: Romanian National Defence University "Carol I" Centre for Defence and Security Strategic Studies. 2010. p.35. Archived from the original(ShockWave) on 2013-09-21. Greece supported Armenia both by delivering military and economic assistance and diplomatic representation by promoting the Armenia's interests in the EU and NATO.
↑ Hunter, Shireen (2004). "Russia and the Transcaucasus: The Impact of the Islamic Factor". Islam in Russia: The Politics of Identity and Security. M.E. Sharpe. p.349. Aliev thanked Pakistan for its support in the Karabakh conflict.
↑ Özden Zeynep Oktav (2013). Turkey in the 21st Century: Quest for a New Foreign Policy. Ashgate Publishing. p.126. ISBN9781409476559. ...Turkey's support for Azerbaijan in the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh...
↑ Flanagan, Stephen J.; Brannen, Samuel (2008). Turkey's Shifting Dynamics: Implications for U.S.-Turkey Relations. Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies. p.17. ISBN9780892065363. Turkey's border with Armenia has remained sealed since 1994, due to Turkish support for Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
↑ Dekmejian, Richard Hrair; Simonian, Hovann H. (2003). Troubled Waters: The Geopolitics of the Caspian Region. p.125. ISBN9781860649226. In addition to commercial links, Israel has given strong backing to Azerbaijan in its conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh, which reportedly has included military assistance.
↑ Azadian, Edmond Y. (1999). History on the Move: Views, Interviews and Essays on Armenian Issues. Wayne State University Press. p.173. ISBN9780814329160. But as subsequent events evolved it became all too apparent that Ukraine has steadfastly stood behind Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabagh conflict all along. ...it was reported from Stepanakert that Ukraine had shipped 40 tanks to Azerbaijan. Later that number was raised to 59. Ukraine had also supplied Azerbaijan with Mig-21 attack places.
↑ Duke, Lynne (20 May 1997). "Congo Begins Process of Rebuilding Nation". The Washington Post. p.A10. Guerrillas of Angola's former rebel movement UNITA, long supported by Mobutu in an unsuccessful war against Angola's government, also fought for Mobutu against Kabila's forces.
1 2 Duke, Lynne (15 April 1997). "Passive Protest Stops Zaire's Capital Cold". The Washington Post. p.A14. Kabila's forces – which are indeed backed by Rwanda, Angola, Uganda and Burundi, diplomats say – are slowly advancing toward the capital from the eastern half of the country, where they have captured all the regions that produce Zaire's diamonds, gold, copper and cobalt.
1 2 "Guinea-Bissau"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2014-10-12., Conflict Transformation, Guinea-Bassau, The Military Crisis in Guinea-Bassau, Terhi Lehtinen
↑ Ivan Molloy (1985). "Revolution in the Philippines – The Question of an Alliance Between Islam and Communism". Asian Survey. 25 (8): 822–833. doi:10.2307/2644112. JSTOR2644112.
↑ "Война на чужбине". Вечерка. 15 February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
1 2 3 4 Faucompret, Erik; Konings, Jozef (2008). Turkish Accession to the EU: Satisfying the Copenhagen Criteria. Hoboken: Taylor & Francis. p.168. ISBN978-0-203-92896-7. The Turkish establishment considered the Kurds' demand for the recognition of their identity a threat to the territorial integrity of the state, the more so because the PKK was supported by countries hostile to Turkey: Soviet Union, Greece, Cyprus, Iran and especially Syria. Syria hosted the organization and its leader for twenty years, and it provided training facilities in the Beka'a Valley of Syrian-controlled northern Lebanon.
↑ Shapir, Yiftah (1998). The Middle East Military Balance, 1996. Jerusalem, Israel: Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel Aviv University. p.114. ISBN978-0-231-10892-8. The PKK was originally established as a Marxist party, with ties to the Soviet Union
↑ Shapir, Yiftah (1998). The Middle East Military Balance, 1996. Jerusalem, Israel: Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel Aviv University. p.114. ISBN978-0-231-10892-8. The PKK was originally established as a Marxist party, with ties to the Soviet Union
↑ Bal, İdris (2004). Turkish Foreign Policy In Post Cold War Era. Boca Raton, Fl.: BrownWalker Press. p.359. ISBN978-1-58112-423-1. With the explicit supports of some Arab countries for the PKK such as Syria...
↑ Mannes, Aaron (2004). Profiles In Terror: The Guide To Middle East Terrorist Organizations. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p.185. ISBN978-0-7425-3525-1. PKK has had substantial operations in northern Iraq, with the support of Iran and Syria.
↑ Phillips, David L. (2009). From Bullets to Ballots: Violent Muslim Movements in Transition. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. p.129. ISBN978-1-4128-1201-6. Iran's Revolutionary Guards (Pasdaran) trained the PKK in Lebanon's Beka'a Valley. Iran supported the PKK despite Turkey's strict neutrality during the Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988).
↑ Ciment, James (2015). World Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era. Routledge. p.721. Other groups that have received Libyan support include the Turkish PKK...
↑ Ganguly, Sumit; Paul Kapur (7 August 2012). India, Pakistan, and the Bomb: Debating Nuclear Stability in South Asia. Columbia University Press. pp.27–28. ISBN978-0-231-14375-2.
1 2 3 Patrick Cockburn on U.S. Plans to Arm Syrian Rebels: Where is the Skepticism About Chemical Weapons?(mp4). Democracy Now!. June 14, 2013. Event occurs at 15:20. Retrieved June 15, 2013. :JUAN GONZÁLEZ: And the concerns in some circles that this is really developing into a proxy war with Iran and Hezbollah, rather than actually trying to deal with the situation internally within Syria? :PATRICK COCKBURN: Yeah, it already has turned into a proxy war. You can see that with—Hezbollah and Iran were involved, but also the U.S. was—had already combined with Qatar to send weapons. Qatar has sent up to $3 billion to the rebels, 70 loads of flights of weapons, organized by—with the CIA.
↑ "North Korea's Balancing Act in the Persian Gulf". The Huffington Post. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015. North Korea's military support for Houthi rebels in Yemen is the latest manifestation of its support for anti-American forces.
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