List of wars involving the United States in the 21st century

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .

This is a list of military conflicts, involving the United States in the 21st century.

This list is part of a larger series of list articles that cover the various wars involving the United States from its colonial roots to the present. They are:

• Lists of wars involving the United States
  • List of 17th-century wars involving the Thirteen Colonies
  • List of 18th-century wars involving the Thirteen Colonies
  • List of wars involving the United States in the 18th century
  • List of wars involving the United States in the 19th century
  • List of wars involving the United States in the 20th century
  • List of wars involving the United States in the 21st century

For the criteria of what may be permitted on this list please refer to Lists of wars involving the United States.

Key

US victory   Another result [nb 1]   US defeat   Ongoing conflict

21st-century wars

Conflict	Allies	Opponent(s)	Result for the United States and its Allies	Presidents of the United States
War in Afghanistan (2001–21) Part of the War on Terror and the Afghan conflict Location: Afghanistan U.S. Army soldiers, prepare to board a Ch-47 Chinook helicopter before an air assault into a valley near Do Ab Village, Nuristan province in Afghanistan, May 2011.	Post-invasion (2001–21) RS: (2015–2021) United States United Kingdom Germany Italy Poland Czech Republic Slovakia Turkey Georgia Australia New Zealand and others ISAF: (2001–14) United States United Kingdom Canada Austria Germany Italy Poland Czech Republic Slovakia Turkey Georgia Singapore South Korea Australia New Zealand and others Local forces: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004–2021) Afghan Transitional Authority (2002–2004) Islamic State of Afghanistan (2001–2002) Khost Protection Force and other pro-government paramilitaries [1] (2002-2021) Invasion phase (2001) United States United Kingdom France Canada Italy Germany Australia New Zealand Local forces: Northern Alliance	Post-invasion (2001–2021) Taliban Haqqani network Taliban splinter groups Mullah Dadullah Front Fidai Mahaz al-Qaeda Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent [2] Islamic State – Khorasan Province Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Supported by: Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin Islamic Jihad Union Turkistan Islamic Party Lashkar-e-Jhangvi Pakistani Taliban Lashkar-e-Islam Invasion phase (2001) Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Taliban Haqqani network Non-state allies: al-Qaeda 055 Brigade Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan [3] Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi [4] [5] Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad [6] [7]	Afghan Taliban victory [8] [9] [10] [11] United States invasion of Afghanistan after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks Destruction of al-Qaeda and Taliban militant training camps (2001) Fall of the Taliban government (2001) and Establishment of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Human rights violations at Guantánamo Bay detention camp [12] Start of Taliban insurgency Osama bin Laden killed by SEAL Team Six in Pakistan (2011) "Afghanization" of Afghan conflict. Withdrawal of most US troops by 2014 End of Operation Enduring Freedom; start of Operation Freedom's Sentinel. End of US and ISAF led combat mission; beginning of NATO-led training and assistance mission. Doha Agreement and progressive withdrawal of remaining US troops after 2020 [13] Renewed Taliban offensive in 2021 Taliban forces capture Kabul on August 15, 2021, and overthrow the U.S.-backed Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Re-establishment of the Taliban-run Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Start of Operation Allies Refuge On August 30, 2021, the last American military plane departed Afghanistan. [14] [15] Billions of dollars of foreign-origin military hardware that was formerly in custody of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan seized by Taliban [16]	George W. Bush (October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025)
US intervention in Yemen (2002–present) Part of the War on Terror and the Yemeni Civil War Location: Yemen U.S. MQ-9 Predator commonly used in drone strikes in Yemen.	United States	Al-Qaeda Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Ansar al-Sharia Al-Qaeda Emirate in Yemen Aden-Abyan Islamic Army Hadrami Domestic Council faction [17] [18] Al-Dhahab tribesmen Supported by: Al-Shabaab [19] [20] [21] Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent Al-Nusra Front [22] Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant [23] Military of ISIL Wilayah al-Yemen Wilayat Sanaa [24] Wilayat Aden-Abyan Wilayah Lahij Wilayah Green Brigade Wilayah al-Bayda Wilayah Shabwah Wilayah Ataq Wilayah Hadramawt	Ongoing U.S. intervention against jihadists in Yemen 379 drone strikes confirmed [25] Numerous al-Qaeda bases in the Arabian Peninsula destroyed More than 1,500 militants confirmed killed [26] U.S. Navy SEALs conducted hostage rescue operations in 2014 Most recent drone strike launched in May 2025 [25]	George W. Bush (October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Operation Freedom Eagle (2002–2017) Part of the Civil conflict in the Philippines, Operation Enduring Freedom and the War on Terror Location: Philippines U.S. Marines fire M240 machine gun from Humvee in Zamboanga City, April 2003	Philippines United States	Islamic State – East Asia Province Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters Islamic State of Lanao Moro Islamic Liberation Front Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant	US-allied victory [27] The Operation targeted the various jihadist terror groups operating in the Philippines U.S. military personnel were advising and assisting the Armed Forces of the Philippines in the Southern Philippines In 2014, the CIA had sent its elite paramilitary officers from their Special Activities Division to hunt down and kill or capture key terrorist leaders. Substantial reduction in capabilities of domestic and transnational terrorist groups operating in the Philippines [28] Civil conflict in the Philippines continues	George W. Bush (October 7, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
Iraq War (2003–2011) Part of the Iraqi conflict and the War on Terror Location: Iraq U.S. soldiers at the Hands of Victory monument in Baghdad, May 2009.	Post-invasion (2003–2011) USF-I: (2010–2011) United States MNF–I: (2003–2009) United States United Kingdom Australia New Zealand Poland Spain Italy Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary South Korea Japan Philippines Singapore and others Local forces:   Iraq   Kurdistan Region Awakening Council Invasion phase (2003) Coalition of the willing: United States United Kingdom Australia Poland and others Local forces: Kurdistan Region Kurdistan Democratic Party Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Iraqi National Congress Free Iraqi Forces [29] [30]	Post-invasion (2003–2011) Al-Qaeda in Iraq Islamic Army in Iraq Islamic State of Iraq Mahdi Army Naqshbandi Army Hamas of Iraq Jaysh al-Mujahideen 1920 Revolution Brigades Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna Invasion phase (2003) Republic of Iraq MEK [31]	Inconclusive/Other Result [32] [33] [34] [35] Invasion and occupation of Iraq, based on belief that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction [36] Overthrow of Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party government Establishment of democratic elections and formation of new Shia-led government Capture and execution of Saddam Hussein Search for weapons of mass destruction has failed [37] Large number of civilian casualties, more than 200,000 Iraqi civilians killed [38] Emergence of significant insurgency, rise of al-Qaeda in Iraq, and severe sectarian violence [39] American troop surge in 2007 Subsequent reduction in violence and depletion of al-Qaeda in Iraq [40] [41] Islamic State of Iraq territorially defeated by mid-2008 U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement in 2008 Withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq in 2011 [42] Weak and unstable democracy in Iraq [43] Stronger Iranian influence [44] [45] [46] [47] Escalation of sectarian insurgency after U.S. withdrawal leading to the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the successor of al-Qaeda in Iraq [48] [49] Return of US forces to Iraq in 2014	George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
US intervention in the Iraqi Kurdistan conflict (2003) Part of the Iraqi Kurdistan conflict, the Iraq War, and the War on Terror Location: Kurdistan Region, Iraq Green Berets, CIA SAD agents and CTG after defeating Ansar al-Islam jihadists during Operation Viking Hammer, March 2003.	United States CIA Local forces: Kurdistan Region Peshmerga Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Kurdistan Counter-Terrorism Unit	Islamic Emirate of Kurdistan Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan Kurdistan Islamic Group Kurdistan Islamic Movement	US-allied victory [50] U.S. intervention against jihadists in Iraqi Kurdistan Region Ansar al-Islam, a radical Islamist group with ties to al-Qaeda in northern Iraq was eliminated End of the Islamic Emirate of Kurdistan The operation secured the northern front for allied forces during the invasion of Iraq	George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009)
US intervention in the War in North-West Pakistan (2004–2018) Part of the Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the War in Afghanistan, Pakistan–United States skirmishes, and the War on Terror Location: Pakistan U.S. MQ-1 Predator drones typically used in covert bombing operations in Pakistan.	Pakistan United States Supported by: United Kingdom	Taliban Pakistani Taliban TNSM Haqqani network al-Qaeda Lashkar-e-Islam Foreign Mujahideen Uzbek Islamic Movement Turkistan Islamic Party Islamic State affiliates	US-allied victory [51] U.S. intervention against jihadists in Pakistan 430 drone strikes confirmed [52] Destruction of numerous insurgent camps and safe havens [53] 81 high-level insurgent leaders and thousands of low-level insurgents killed [54] Deaths of Afghan Taliban head Akhtar Mansour, and successive Pakistani Taliban heads Baitullah Mehsud and Hakimullah Mehsud Deaths of hundreds of Pakistani civilians [55] Most recent drone strike launched in July 2018 [56] [57]	George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
Second US Intervention in the Somali Civil War (2007–present) Part of the War on Terror, Operation Enduring Freedom (Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa) and the Somali Civil War Location: Somalia U.S. Marines establish security positions at Baledogle Airfield in Somalia, December 2020.	United States Supported by: Ethiopia Somalia Puntland African Union missions: AUSSOM (2025–present) Djibouti Egypt Ethiopia Kenya Uganda ATMIS (2022–2024) [58] Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Kenya Uganda AMISOM (2007–2022) Burundi Djibouti Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Nigeria Sierra Leone Uganda	Islamic Courts Union [59] [60] al-Shabaab al-Qaeda Alleged support: Iran [61] North Korea [62] Hizbul Islam Islamic State in Somalia	Ongoing U.S. intervention against jihadists in Somalia U.S. backed Ethiopian invasion and rise of Al-Shabaab (2006–2009) [63] Numerous U.S. drone strikes targeting al-Shabaab and Islamic State – Somalia Province African Union Intervention (2007–2022) Kenyan intervention (2011–2012) Newly formed federal government established in 2012 Majority of U.S. Troops withdraw in January 2021 [64] African Union Transition Mission (2022–2024) Redeployment of U.S. troops in 2022 [65] [66] United States supports Somali forces and a multinational African Union force with drone strikes, intelligence and training [67] Most recent drone strike launched in June 2025 [68] African Union Support and Stabilization Mission (2025–present)	George W. Bush (January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009) Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Operation Ocean Shield (2009–2016) Part of the Operation Enduring Freedom (Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa) Location: Indian Ocean, Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, Arabian Sea and Red Sea A tall plume of black smoke rises from a destroyed pirate vessel that was struck by USS Farragut , March 2010.	NATO United States Belgium Canada Denmark Germany Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Turkey United Kingdom Non-NATO forces: Australia China Colombia India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand Oman Pakistan Peru Philippines Russia Saudi Arabia Seychelles Singapore South Africa South Korea Taiwan Thailand Ukraine Yemen	Somali pirates	US-allied victory [69] The anti-piracy operation follows the earlier NATO Operation Allied Protector NATO's contribution to Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa Number of pirate attacks dramatically decreased Piracy drops 90% in 2013 [70] American and foreign hostages has been successfully rescued by U.S. Navy and SEAL Team Six from Somali pirates In 2007, North Korean crew overpower pirates with U.S. aid In 2009, the rescue mission of Captain Richard Phillips and crew of Maersk Alabama In 2012, the rescue mission called Operation Octave Fusion of two aid workers in Somalia	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
International intervention in Libya (2011) Part of the First Libyan Civil War Location: Libya U.S. B-2 Spirit stealth bomber aircraft returns to base from a mission in Libya, as part of Operation Odyssey Dawn, March 2011.	NATO [nb 2] United States Belgium Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Greece Italy Netherlands Norway Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom Non-NATO forces: Jordan Qatar Sweden United Arab Emirates Libyan opposition: Anti-Gaddafi forces	Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Armed Forces Pro-Gaddafi militias Mercenaries (alleged) [71] [72] [73]	US-allied victory [74] The intervention primarily undertaken to protect civilians from widespread and systematic attacks by Muammar Gaddafi's forces, as authorized by the UN Security Council [75] Start of US-led military operation codnamed Operation Odyssey Dawn to impose a no-fly zone for Libyan government forces Effective no-fly zone established [76] Operations handed over to NATO Operation Unified Protector Overthrow and killing of Muammar Gaddafi by Anti-Gaddafi forces Collapse of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Tensions between Libyan factions following the fall of Gaddafi lead to renewed civil war in 2014 Continuation of the Libyan Crisis	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017)
Operation Observant Compass (2011–2017) Part of the Lord's Resistance Army insurgency and War on Terror Location: Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and the Central African Republic U.S. Marine Sgt. Joseph Bergeron, a task force combat engineer, explains combat marksmanship tactics to a group of Ugandan soldiers, February 2012.	United States Supported by: Uganda Democratic Republic of the Congo South Sudan Central African Republic	Lord's Resistance Army	US-allied victory [77] [78] U.S. military operation against Christian extremist group Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) in central Africa Founder and leader of the LRA Joseph Kony goes into hiding In 2014, senior LRA commander Dominic Ongwen surrenders to American forces in the Central African Republic and in 2021 the International Criminal Court convicted him of war crimes and crimes against humanity [79] Majority of LRA installations and encampments located in South Sudan and Uganda abandoned and dismantled Small scale LRA activity continues in eastern DR Congo, and the Central African Republic	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
US military intervention in Niger (2013–2024) Part of the Operation Enduring Freedom (Operation Juniper Shield), the War on Terror, the Jihadist insurgency in Niger and the War in the Sahel Location: Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger U.S. and Nigerien soldiers training, April 2018.	United States Supported by: Niger (until coup d'état) France [80] [81] Training: European Union Canada [82] Belgium [83] Germany [84] [85] Italy [86]	Al-Qaeda Nusrat al-Islam ISIL Islamic State – West Africa Province Islamic State in the Greater Sahara Boko Haram	Failure in suppressing jihadists [87] [88] [89] [90] U.S. intervention against jihadists in Niger and in the Sahel region of Africa The French intervention known as Operation Barkhane targeted jihadists in Niger and neighboring Mali and Burkina Faso (2014-2022) U.S. support with intelligence, airlift, refueling and logistics [91] The French withdrawal from the Sahel after failing to contain the jihadist threat [92] [93] The 2023 Nigerien coup d'état resulted in the overthrow of democratically elected President and the establishment of a military junta Niger's junta ended a military agreement that allowed U.S. troops to be deployed in the country [94] U.S. lost access to Niger Air Base 201, largest drone base in Africa built by the United States for $110 million [95] Beginning of new military cooperation between Niger and Russia [60] Withdrawal of U.S. ground forces from Niger [96] Jihadi groups linked to Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State group and Boko Haram remained still active in Niger in 2024 [97] [98] [99] [100]	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025)
US-led intervention in Iraq (2014–2021) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the War against the Islamic State, the War on Terror, the War in Iraq, and the Islamic State insurgency in Iraq Location: Iraq U.S. soldiers use a rooftop as an observation post, during the Battle of Mosul in Iraq, March 2017.	CJTF–OIR United States Australia [101] Belgium [102] [103] Canada [104] Denmark [105] [106] France [107] [108] Germany [109] [110] Italy [111] Jordan [112] Morocco [113] Netherlands [114] [115] New Zealand [116] United Kingdom [117] Turkey and others [118] Local forces: Iraq Iraqi Armed Forces ISOF IrAF Nineveh Plain Protection Units Peshmerga [119]	Islamic State Of Iraq and The Levant White Flags [120]	US-allied victory [121] Start of Operation Inherent Resolve against jihadists in Iraq Tens of thousands of ISIL fighters killed 14,616 U.S. and allied airstrikes on ISIL positions in Iraq [122] Heavy damage dealt to ISIL forces; military defeat in Iraq [123] [124] Iraq declares military victory against ISIL on 9 December 2017 [125] Low-intensity ISIL insurgency following December 2017 Presence of U.S. troops in Iraq minimized [126] Coalition ends combat mission in December 2021 [127] [128] Ongoing U.S.–led Coalition advising and training of Iraqi and Kurdish ground forces Withdrawal of U.S. ground forces from Baghdad and key military bases in Iraq in 2025 [129] [130] Iraqi government forces regain control of all parts of Iraq previously controlled by ISIL [131]	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025)
US intervention in the Syrian civil war (2014–present) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the War against the Islamic State, the War on Terror, and the foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war Location: Syria U.S. 1st Battalion, 6th Infantry Regiment troops conduct area reconnaissance patrol in Syria, February 2021.	Against Ba'athist regime: United States Turkey Against jihadists: CJTF–OIR United States Turkey United Kingdom [132] France [133] Canada [134] Bahrain Belgium [135] Germany [136] [137] Saudi Arabia [138] [139] [140] United Arab Emirates [141] [138] Qatar [142] Morocco [143] Australia [144] Netherlands [145] Denmark [146] [147] Italy [148] and others [118] Local forces: (against Ba'athist regime and jihadists) Free Syrian Army Syrian Democratic Forces YPG [149] YPJ Syriac Military Council Al-Sanadid Forces Euphrates Volcano [150] Ukraine [151] [152] [153] (against Russia only)	Ba'athist regime: Ba'athist Syria [154] Supported by: Russia Wagner group [nb 3] Interbrigades Iran [155] [156] Liwa Fatemiyoun Hezbollah Islamic Resistance in Iraq [157] Popular Mobilization Forces Kata'ib Hezbollah Liwa Zainebiyoun Jihadists: (against Global Coalition, Ba'athist regime and Syrian opposition) Islamic Front Syrian Salvation Government Ahrar al-Sham [158] [159] Tahrir al-Sham Jaysh al-Sunna [160] Islamic State al-Qaeda al-Nusra Front [161] [162] Khorasan group [163] Rouse the Believers Operations Room [164] Hurras al-Din [165] [166] Jund al-Aqsa [167] [168] [169] Turkistan Islamic Party [170]	Ongoing US Intervention against jihadists Start of Operation Inherent Resolve against jihadists in Syria 19,786+ U.S. and allied airstrikes, over 16,000 hitting ISIL positions [171] [172] Thousands of ISIS targets destroyed and thousands more militants captured or killed Deployment of U.S. Marines and Special Forces in 2015 [173] ISIL lose Mosul and Raqqa (2017), then other most of territory in Iraq and then Syria United States declares military victory against ISIS on December 18, 2018 [174] ISIS resurgence in 2019 [175] Death of ISIS caliphs: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in 2019, Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi and Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi in 2022 and Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi in 2023 [176] [177] In 2025, the United States significantly reduced its troop presence in Syria [178] As of June 2025, approximately 1,500 U.S. troops remain in Syria [179] US-allied victory [180] [181] US Intervention against Assad government The Syrian Government's widespread and systematic use of chemical weapons against the civilian population to suppress the Syrian revolution Beginning of Syrian civil war Ghouta chemical attack leading to OPCW-UN Joint Mission in Syria (2013–2014) American support for anti-government rebels Khan Shaykhun chemical attack in 2017 results in U.S. retaliatory naval strike in Syria Douma chemical attack in 2018 results in retaliatory strikes against Syria Various confrontations and airstrikes by United States on forces belonging to, or allied with the Syrian government Russian direct military involvement after a request for military support by the government of Bashar al-Assad (2015–2024) Attacks on US bases in Syria in 2023 and 2024 [182] In December 2024, US-backed rebels enter Damascus and topple the Ba'athist Syria regime Fall of the Assad regime Bashar al-Assad flees to Russia [183]	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war (2015–present) Part of the Yemeni Civil War and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict Location: Yemen USS Theodore Roosevelt participating in the naval blockade of Yemen during Saudi Arabia's Operation Decisive Storm, April 2015	Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Bahrain Kuwait Qatar Egypt Jordan Morocco Sudan Senegal Supported by: United States United Kingdom France Canada [184] Germany [185] Local forces: Cabinet of Yemen Yemen Armed Forces (pro-Hadi) Yemeni Air Force Popular Resistance	Revolutionary Committee/Supreme Political Council Houthi movement Yemen Armed Forces Yemeni Republican Guard Supported by: Iran [186] [187] Syria [188] North Korea [189] Qatar [190] Russia [191] Hezbollah [192] Cuba Eritrea Oman Libya	Ongoing Saudi-led coalition forces intervene in Yemen in 2015 to restore the internationally recognized Yemen government United States support the Saudi Arabian-led intervention primarily through arms sales, technical assistance and intelligence [193] The U.S. Navy has actively participated in the Saudi-led naval blockade, which contributed to the outbreak of famine in Yemen. [194] [195] Green Berets deployed to the Saudi Arabia-Yemen border to help defeat the Houthi rebels in 2018 [196] [197] Since October 2023, the Houthis have dramatically escalated attacks on commercial shipping in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Beginning of Red Sea crisis The U.S. directly intervened against the Houthis as part of US-led Operation Prosperity Guardian	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021) Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
US intervention in Libya (2015–2019) Part of the Operation Inherent Resolve, the War against the Islamic State, the War on Terror and the Second Libyan Civil War Location: Libya An AV-8B Harrier II aboard USS Wasp taking part in Operation Odyssey Lightning, August 2016.	United States United Kingdom France [198] Jordan [199] Local forces: Libya Government of National Accord	ISIL in Libya Wilayah al-Tarabulus Wilayah al-Fizan Wilayah Barqah Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb [200] [201]	US-allied victory [202] [203] Start of Operation Inherent Resolve against jihadists in Libya Thousands of ISIL targets destroyed ISIL-held territory recaptured; presence minimized [204] Withdrawal of U.S. ground forces from Libya [205]	Barack Obama (January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017) Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
SEAL Team Six operation in North Korea (2019) Part of the Korean conflict Location: North Korea SEAL Team Six reached shore of North Korea by SEAL Delivery Vehicle .	United States	North Korea	Operation failed [206] [207] Covert mission by SEAL Team Six to plant a listening device, to intercept communications from North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un, to provide U.S. President Donald Trump with better intelligence ahead of summit in Vietnam A Navy SEAL mission in North Korea was aborted after a deadly encounter with fishermen	Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
Nigeria hostage rescue (2020) Location: Nigeria The operation was conducted by SEAL Team Six.	United States Supported by: Nigeria Niger	Gunmen	US victory [208] U.S. Navy SEALs successfully rescued an American citizen, Philip Walton, who had been kidnapped from his home in neighboring Niger Six of the seven captors were killed	Donald Trump (January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021)
Russian invasion of Ukraine (U.S. involvement) (2022–present) Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War Location: Ukraine, Russia, and Black Sea U.S. soldiers load an M777 howitzer onto a C-17 Globemaster III for its shipment to Ukraine at March Air Reserve Base, April 2022.	Ukraine Indirect Support and Participation by: United States Supplied by: 54 countries	Russia Donetsk PR Luhansk PR Belarus North Korea	Ongoing In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine, escalating the conflict that began in 2014 [209] The largest military conflict in Europe since World War II [210] Large scale of critical U.S. and NATO military aid to Ukraine [211] [212] U.S. Army have trained thousands members of the Ukrainian armed forces [213] U.S. aided Ukraine with intelligence [214] U.S. intelligence helped Ukraine sink Russian warship and shoot down Russian plane [215] [216] Dozens of U.S. military advisors in Ukraine [217] [218] American and Ukrainian officers planned Kyiv’s counteroffensives [219]	Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Operation Prosperity Guardian (2023–2025) Part of the Red Sea crisis, Middle Eastern crisis, and the Yemeni Civil War Location: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Yemen Aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower with destroyer USS Laboon involved in Operation Prosperity Guardian together with French frigate Forbin and Italian aircraft carrier Cavour from Operation Aspides in the Red Sea, June 2024.	United States United Kingdom Australia New Zealand Canada Denmark Greece Netherlands Norway Bahrain Singapore Sri Lanka Supported by: Seychelles Operation Poseidon Archer: United States United Kingdom Operation Rough Rider: United States United Kingdom Indirect Support and Participation by: Israel [nb 4]	Houthi Yemen (SPC) Houthis	Inconclusive/Other Result [220] [221] [222] [223] US-led multinational coalition formed in December 2023 to respond to Houthi attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea [224] United States declares Red Sea conflict with Houthis as largest naval battle since World War II [225] In February 2024, European Union launched own "purely defensive" naval mission Operation Aspides to protect Red Sea vessels from Houthi attacks [226] [227] Large number of U.S. and allied airstrikes against Houthi-controlled territory in Yemen US-led Operation Poseidon Archer [228] US-led Operation Rough Rider [229] U.S.–Houthi ceasefire [230] U.S. halt Houthi bombing campaign in Yemen [231] Houthis agreed not to attack U.S. vessles, but resumed attacks on the commercial shipping [232] Houthis to continue targeting Israel and Israeli-linked vessels [233]	Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Gaza war (U.S. involvement) (2024–present) Part of the Gaza–Israel conflict, the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, and the Middle Eastern crisis Location: Gaza Strip and Israel The USS Dwight D. Eisenhower carrier strike group and USS Gerald R. Ford carrier strike groups deployed to the Eastern Mediterranean amid Gaza war, November 2023.	Israel Supported by: United States [a] Popular Forces [234] [235]	Hamas Supported by:   Palestinian Islamic Jihad   Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine   Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades Palestinian Mujahideen Movement Palestinian Freedom Movement Popular Resistance Committees Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command Abdul al-Qadir al-Husseini Brigades Jaysh al-Ummah	Ongoing Israel launched military action in Gaza in response to a large-scale, coordinated attack by Hamas and other Palestinian militant groups [236] The Pentagon has deployed two aircraft carriers to the Eastern Mediterranean since the attacks on Israel [237] Large scale of U.S. military aid to Israel [238] Humanitarian aid for the people of Gaza from the United States since March 2024 The U.S. military planes airdropped aid into Gaza [239] In May 2024, the U.S. military built a pier off Gaza for $320 million to deliver humanitarian aid [240] Limited U.S. involvement in the war since October 2024 U.S. helped shoot down Iranian missiles fired at Israel [241] U.S. stations 100 soldiers to operate advanced anti-missile system in Israel [242] [243]	Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2024–present) Part of the Hezbollah–Israel conflict, the Middle Eastern crisis, and the Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war Location: Israel, Lebanon and Syria Israeli Air Force F-15 Eagle fighter at its base before launching attacks on targets in Lebanon, September 2024.	Israel Supported by: United States	Hezbollah Supported by: Amal Islamic Group SSNP-L Hamas PIJ Popular Resistance Committees   Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Islamic Resistance in Iraq Houthis   Iran   Syria Islamic Azz Brigades	Ongoing Israel launched invasion of Lebanon to neutralize the threats posed by Hezbollah at its northern border [244] Limited U.S. involvement in 2024 U.S. helped shoot down Hezbollah missiles [245] U.S. aided Israel with intelligence in attacks on Hezbollah [246] Israeli operations in Lebanon compelled the group to end its involvement in the Gaza war [247] [248] Hassan Nasrallah, the head of Hezbollah assassinated by Israeli airstrikes [249]	Joe Biden (January 20, 2021 – January 20, 2025) Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)
Iran–Israel war (2025) Part of the Middle Eastern crisis Location: Iran, Israel and West Bank U.S. B-2 Spirit stealth bomber aircraft was used in airstrikes against Iran during Operation Midnight Hammer.	Israel United States Defensive only: Iraq Jordan Saudi Arabia Qatar France	Iran Houthis	Inconclusive/Other Result [250] [251] [252] [253] Israel attacked Iran mainly to prevent it from developing nuclear weapons [254] Limited U.S. involvement at the beginning of the war U.S. has helped shoot down Iranian missiles [255] [256] Direct U.S. intervention commenced after a short period of conflict [257] United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites under the code name Operation Midnight Hammer [258] U.S. strikes did not destroy Iran's nuclear program, but set it back [259] [260] Iranian strikes on US military base in Qatar [261] Iran–Israel ceasefire	Donald Trump (January 20, 2025 – Incumbent)

See also

• List of deployments of the US military forces overseas
• Timeline of United States military operations
• Military history of the United States
• United States Armed Forces
• List of American military installations
• List of United States drone bases
• Social history of soldiers and veterans in the United States

Notes

1. e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum , result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive
2. Enforcing UNSC Resolution 1973
3. The Wagner group fought the United States directly during the Battle of Khasham in 2018
4. Israeli attacks in July 2024, September 2024, December 2024, January 2025 and May 2025

References

1. See American involvement

1. Raghavan, Sudarsan (December 3, 2015). "CIA runs shadow war with Afghan militia implicated in civilian killings". The Washington Post. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
2. Hardaha, Rashi (2021-07-24). "Al-Qaeda operates under Taliban protection: UN report". India TV News. Retrieved 2021-09-14.
3. "Uzbek Militancy in Pakistan's Tribal Region" (PDF). Institute for the Study of War. 27 January 2011. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
4. "Inside rebel Pakistan cleric's domain - USATODAY.com". USA Today . 2009-05-01. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
5. "Top Pakistani militant released". BBC News. 2008-04-21. Archived from the original on 2009-05-22. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
6. Whitlock, Craig (June 8, 2006). "Al-Zarqawi's Biography". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
7. Bergen, Peter. " The Osama bin Laden I Know, 2006
8. "America's war in Afghanistan is ending in crushing defeat". The Economist. 10 July 2021.
9. "'Major American Failure.' A Political Scientist on Why the U.S. Lost in Afghanistan". Time. 18 August 2021.
10. "America's Missed Chance in Afghanistan". Foreign Affairs. 15 August 2024.
11. "The Key Reason the U.S. Lost in Afghanistan". Project on Government Oversight. 25 May 2021.
12. "Guantánamo Bay: over 20 years of injustice". Amnesty International. 1 April 2025.
13. "U.S. Troops in Afghanistan now down to 2,500, lowest since 2001: Pentagon". Reuters. January 15, 2021.
14. "Remarks by President Biden on Afghanistan". The White House. August 16, 2021.
15. Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Katzenberg, Lauren (August 30, 2021). "The U.S. military finishes its evacuation, and an era ends in Afghanistan". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved August 30, 2021.
16. Lou, Mary (January 1, 2022). "Taliban a 'major U.S. arms dealer' after weaponry left behind in Afghanistan, watchdog warns". Just The News. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
17. "AQAP: A Resurgent Threat - Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". www.ctc.usma.edu. 11 September 2015. Archived from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
18. "What is the real challenge for Yemen's Hadrami Elite forces?". 19 July 2016. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
19. Plaut, Martin (17 January 2010). "Somalia and Yemen 'swapping militants'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2 July 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
20. Muaad Al-Maqtari (March 22, 2012). "Conflicting reports on Al-Shabab fighters entering Yemen". yementimes.com. Archived from the original on July 18, 2014. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
21. Osman, Abdulaziz (8 June 2017). "Heavy Losses Reported as Somali Puntland Forces Repel Al-Shabab Attack". Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
22. "The Paris Attacks Underscore the Deep Threat Still Posed by Al Qaeda". January 10, 2015. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
23. Michael, Maggie (9 November 2014). "Libyan city declares itself part of Islamic State caliphate". CP24. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
24. "Gale Cengage Product Failure". Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
25. "The War in Yemen". New America. Retrieved 11 June 2025.
26. "Yemen Leaders Killed". Washington, DC, USA: New America. Archived from the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
27. Stentiford, Barry (2018). Success in the Shadows, Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines and the Global War on Terror, 2002-2015. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas : Combat Studies Institute Press. ISBN   9781940804354.
28. U.S. Officially Ends Special Operations Task Force in the Philippines, Some Advisors May Remain , retrieved 27 February 2015
29. Graham, Bradley (7 April 2003). "U.S. Airlifts Iraqi Exile Force For Duties Near Nasiriyah". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
30. "Deploying the Free Iraqi Forces – U.S. News & World Report". Usnews.com. 7 April 2003. Archived from the original on 4 February 2004. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
31. Ephraim Kahana; Muhammad Suwaed (2009). The A to Z of Middle Eastern Intelligence . Scarecrow Press. p.  208. ISBN   978-0-8108-7070-3.
32. "Bad decision, badly executed: America's war of choice in Iraq". Australian Strategic Policy Institute. 21 March 2023.
33. "20 years on, was removing Saddam Hussein worth the war in Iraq?". Al Jazeera. 20 March 2023.
34. "Why Iraqi Democracy Never Stood a Chance". Foreign Affairs. 20 March 2023.
35. "How America Misunderstood Iraqi Politics and Lost the War". Foreign Policy Research Institute. 30 March 2023.
36. "The Iraq War and WMDs: An intelligence failure or White House spin?". The Washington Post. 22 March 2019.
37. "CIA's final report: No WMD found in Iraq". NBC News. 26 April 2005.
38. "Twenty years on: The shocking numbers behind the Iraq war". The Independent. 20 March 2023.
39. "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". NBC News. July 3, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2007.
40. Petrou, Michael (September 9, 2011). "The decline of al-Qaeda". Maclean's. George W. Bush gambled on surging thousands more troops to the embattled country. It paid off. Al-Qaeda in Iraq is now a diminished force without territory.
41. Spencer C. Tucker (December 14, 2015). U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN   978-1-4408-3879-8. Al Qaeda in Iraq was decimated by the end of the Iraq War in 2011
42. "Barack Obama announces total withdrawal of US troops from Iraq". The Guardian. 21 October 2011.
43. "What the U.S. Leaves Behind: An Unstable, Vulnerable Iraq". Time. 1 September 2010.
44. South, Todd (January 20, 2019). "Army's long-awaited Iraq war study finds Iran was the only winner in a conflict that holds many lessons for future wars". Army Times. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
45. Galbraith, Peter W. (2007). The End of Iraq: How American Incompetence Created a War Without End. Simon & Schuster. p.  74. ISBN   978-0-7432-9424-9.
46. "Iran expands regional 'empire' ahead of nuclear deal". Reuters. March 23, 2015.
47. "How to Stop Iran's Growing Hegemony". National Review Online. April 10, 2015.
48. "The JRTN Movement and Iraq's Next Insurgency | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point". Ctc.usma.edu. Archived from the original on August 26, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
49. "Al-Qaeda's Resurgence in Iraq: A Threat to U.S. Interests". U.S. Department of State. February 5, 2014. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
50. "US claims victory against Ansar al-Islam". ABC News. 1 April 2003.
51. "Were Drone Strikes Effective? Evaluating the Drone Campaign in Pakistan Through Captured al-Qaeda Documents". Texas National Security Review. Spring 2022.
52. "Drone War: Pakistan". The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 2018-04-20.
53. Sabin Agha, Peter Oborne (31 December 2016). "Pakistan is winning its war on terror". The Spectator . Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
54. "Pakistan Leaders Killed" Archived 18 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine . New America Foundation. 23 June 2018.
55. "New data shows drones killed hundreds of Pakistani civilians". The Conversation. 30 May 2014.
56. "The Drone War in Pakistan". New America.
57. "CIA drone strikes in Pakistan, 2004 to present". Bureau of Investigative Journalism . 24 January 2018. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
58. Gaid, Samira (November–December 2022). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "The 2022 Somali Offensive Against al-Shabaab: Making Enduring Gains Will Require Learning from Previous Failures" (PDF). CTC Sentinel . 15 (11). West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center: 31–38. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
59. Axe, David (2 December 2010). "WikiLeaked Cable Confirms U.S.' Secret Somalia Op". Wired . The Washington Post's Pauline Jelinek, citing anonymous sources, described U.S. Special Forces accompanying Ethiopian troops. CBS news revealed that U.S. Air Force gunships were active over southern Somalia during the Ethiopian blitz. Through all the reporting, U.S. officials remained vague or silent on the subject of Washington's involvement. All the same, evidence was mounting that the U.S. had played a leading role in the Ethiopian invasion.
60. "Russian military trainers arrive in Niger as African country pulls away from US". The Guardian. April 12, 2024. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
61. "In Somalia, Iran Is Replicating Russia's Afghan Strategy" . Foreign Policy. July 17, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2022.
62. "North Korean weapons used by terrorists in Somalia for attack on UN". Israel Defense. 2023-11-03. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
63. Mueller, Jason C. (2018-01-02). "The Evolution of Political Violence: The Case of Somalia's Al-Shabaab" . Terrorism and Political Violence. 30 (1): 116–141. doi:10.1080/09546553.2016.1165213. ISSN   0954-6553. S2CID   148494845. the December 2006 Ethiopian invasion, and subsequent two-year occupation, proved to be a prime catalyst for mobilization and the first critical juncture
64. "Trump orders withdrawal of US troops from Somalia". BBC News. December 5, 2020.
65. "Biden approves deployment of hundreds of US troops to Somalia". aljazeera.com. June 4, 2022.
66. "New Somali President Welcomes Return of US Troops". Voice of America. June 4, 2022.
67. "Federal Government of Somalia, AFRICOM target al-Shabaab". United States Africa Command. 25 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
68. "2025 Airstrikes". United States Africa Command. 11 June 2025.
69. "NATO concludes successful counter-piracy mission". NATO. 25 December 2016.
70. "Somali piracy is down 90 per cent from last year". The Journal. December 15, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
71. Blomfield, Adrian (23 February 2011). "Libya: Foreign Mercenaries Terrorising Citizens". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
72. HUMA KHAN; HELEN ZHANG (22 February 2011). "Moammar Gadhafi's Private Mercenary Army 'Knows One Thing: To Kill'". ABC News . Archived from the original on 8 April 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
73. Meo, Nick (27 February 2011). "African Mercenaries in Libya Nervously Await Their Fate". The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original on 15 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2011.
74. "NATO's Victory in Libya: The Right Way to Run an Intervention". Atlantic Council. 4 February 2012.
75. "Security Council authorizes 'all necessary measures' to protect civilians in Libya". United Nations. 17 March 2011.
76. "No-Fly Zone Established Over Libya, but Civilian Attacks Continue". Voice of America. 23 March 2011.
77. "Uganda declares victory against Lord's Resistance Army". Anadolu Agency. 20 April 2017.
78. "US to end operations against LRA". Deutsche Welle. 25 March 2017.
79. "Dominic Ongwen sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment". International Criminal Court. 6 May 2021.
80. "France to Withdraw Troops From Niger After Military Coup". The New York Times. September 25, 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
81. "Niger says all French troops will have left by December 22". Africanews. Africanews. December 16, 2023. Retrieved December 16, 2023.
82. Pugliese, David. "Canadian special forces pull out of Niger". Ottawa Citizen . Retrieved 2 April 2024.
83. "Niger coup: Belgium won't suspend development aid". Belga News Agency. Belga News Agency. September 25, 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
84. "German government to deploy troops to Niger as part of EU mission". Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera. October 3, 2023. Retrieved October 3, 2023.
85. "German army to abandon Niger airbase". Al-arabiya. Retrieved 2024-07-07.
86. "Italy cuts troops in Niger to free up military base space for civilians". Reuters. Reuters. September 25, 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
87. "America has lost the war against Islamist terror in Africa". The Spectator. May 3, 2024.
88. "After Failure in Niger, U.S. Africa Policy Needs a Reset". Foreign Policy. July 3, 2024.
89. "The US War on Terror in West Africa Is a Continuing Disaster". Jacobin. July 3, 2024.
90. "America's $280 Million Military Mission in Niger Ends in Failure". Reason. July 3, 2024.
91. "France Stresses Need for Continued American ISR in African Sahel". Air & Space Forces. Air & Space Forces. July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 9, 2021.
92. "How France Failed Mali: the End of Operation Barkhane". Harvard International Review. January 30, 2023.
93. "Loss by France of Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger is official end of Françafrique – Ex Austrian top diplomat". The North Africa Post. August 18, 2023.
94. "Niger ends military agreement with US, calls it 'profoundly unfair'". CNN. CNN. April 12, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
95. "Niger's Military Junta Ditches America and Courts Russia". Bloomberg. Bloomberg. March 19, 2024. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
96. "US military says it completes Niger withdrawal". Reuters. Reuters. September 16, 2024. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
97. "Niger attack: Jihadists kill dozen of soldiers in deadliest raid since coup". BBC. May 1, 2024.
98. "Niger: 7 soldiers killed in a suspected jihadists attack". Africanews. May 1, 2024.
99. "Niger: 17 troops killed in suspected jihadist attack". Le Monde. May 1, 2024.
100. "Armed men ambush Niger soldiers, causing dozens of casualties". TRT World. May 1, 2024.
101. "Australia says it is deploying warplanes to join Iraq campaign". The Daily Telegraph. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
102. Battling Dutch, Belgium prepare to send forces, MSN, archived from the original on 29 September 2014.
103. "Belgium Returns its F-16 Fighter Planes to the Skies over Syria and Iraq". noviinite.com. BTA. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
104. Watters, Haydn (21 February 2016). "Canada has pulled its jets out of the ISIS fight. Here's what CBC commenters think about it". CBC News . Retrieved 5 July 2020.
105. "Denmark, Belgium Join Fight Against ISIS In Iraq", The Huffington Post, 26 September 2014, retrieved 6 March 2015.
106. "Sweden rejects calls for military support to Iraq". The Local. SE. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
107. "Islamic State: France ready to launch Iraq air strikes". BBC. 18 September 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
108. "France bombs Isis depot in Iraq". The Guardian. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.
109. "Germany decides to send more troops to Iraq". Iraqi News. 7 January 2016.
110. "German Tornado jets begin mission against 'IS'". Deutsche Welle.
111. "NEWS TEATRI OPERATIVI". www.difesa.it.
112. "Jordan carries out air strikes in Iraq, killing 55 IS militants". i24 News. i24 News. 4 February 2015. Archived from the original on 6 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
113. "Morocco Sends its F16s to Syria and Iraq to Fight ISIS". The Moroccan Times. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
114. Dutch send fighter jets to strike Iraq, Yahoo.
115. "Britain ready to supply Kurds with arms". Reuters. 15 August 2014. Archived from the original on 19 January 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
116. "Iraq/Kuwait/Qatar: Defeat-ISIS Coalition". New Zealand Ministry of Defence.
117. "RAF jets sent on Iraqi combat mission", BBC, 27 September 2014.
118. "Partners". Global Coalition.
119. Van Heuvelen, Ben. "Amid turmoil, Iraq's Kurdish region is laying foundation for independent state". The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 June 2014. Kurdistan's military forces... have taken over many of the northernmost positions abandoned by the national army, significantly expanding the zone of Kurdish control... 'In most places, we aren't bothering them [ISIS], and they aren't bothering us – or the civilians,' said Lt. Gen. Shaukur Zibari, a pesh merga commander.
120. Schogol, Jeff. "A 'post-ISIS insurgency' is gaining steam in Iraq". Business Insider.
121. "Austin Notes Success of Territorial Defeat of ISIS in Iraq". U.S. Department of Defense. 15 April 2024.
122. "Airstrikes in Iraq and Syria". U.S. Department of Defense. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
123. "ISIS Lost 40 Percent of Territory in Iraq, 20 Percent in Syria: Coalition Spokesman". NBC News. 5 January 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
124. Aboulenein, Ahmed (10 December 2017). "Iraq holds victory parade after defeating Islamic State". Reuters. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
125. "Baghdad declares victory over ISIS". NBC News. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
126. Shawn Snow (4 April 2020). "US hands over another air base to Iraqi forces". Military Times . Retrieved 6 April 2020.
127. "US-led combat mission in Iraq ends, shifting to advisory role". aljazeera.com.
128. "U.S.-led troops end Iraq combat mission, as planned - military officials". reuters.com. 9 December 2021.
129. "US Initiates Sudden Withdrawal from Major Iraqi Bases". Kurdistan 24. Kurdistan 24. August 24, 2025. Retrieved August 24, 2025.
130. "US troops start leaving Baghdad". Iraqi News. Iraqi News. August 31, 2025. Retrieved August 31, 2025.
131. "ISIS no longer rules a territory. But its recruits still pose a global threat". CNN. 2 January 2025.
132. "UK forces kill British Isis fighters in targeted drone strike on Syrian city". The Guardian. 7 September 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2015; "Syria air strikes conducted by UK military pilots". BBC News. 17 July 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2015; "SAS troops 'dressed in US uniforms and joined special forces on Isis Abu Sayyaf overnight raid in Syria'". MSN . 10 August 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015; "Surveillance missions over Syria confirmed". Ministry of Defence. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
133. "IS conflict: France launches air strikes in Syria". BBC. 27 September 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
134. Barton, Rosemary (26 November 2015). "Justin Trudeau to pull fighter jets, keep other military planes in ISIS fight". CBC News. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
135. Barnes, Julian (13 May 2016). "Belgium Plans to Carry Out Airstrikes in Syria Against Islamic State". The Wall Street Journal .
136. "Syria conflict: German MPs vote for anti-IS military mission". BBC. 4 December 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
137. "German troops deployment and ops in Syria fall within 'right of self-defense', Germany's top court rules". DailySabah. 19 October 2019.
138. "Saudi Arabia, UAE send troops to support Kurds in Syria". Middle East Monitor. 22 November 2018.
139. "Victory for Assad looks increasingly likely as world loses interest in Syria". The Guardian . 31 August 2017. Returning from a summit in the Saudi capital last week, opposition leaders say they were told directly by the foreign minister, Adel al-Jubeir, that Riyadh was disengaging.
140. Samia Nakhoul, Aziz El Yaakoubi (24 May 2023). "Saudi embrace of Assad sends strong signal to US". Reuters. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
141. "The UAE has it in for the Muslim Brotherhood". Al-Araby Al-Jadeed . 22 February 2017. Along with their American counterparts, Emirati special forces are said to be training elements of the opposition. They constitute a kind of Arab guarantee among the Syrian Democratic Forces – an umbrella group dominated by the Kurds of the PYD, on whom the US are relying to fight IS on the ground.
142. Stewart, Phil; Perryl, Tom (22 September 2014). "US, Arab partners launch first strikes on IS in Syria". Reuters . Retrieved 23 September 2014.
143. "Moroccan F-16 Carry Out Airstrikes Against ISIS". Morocco World News. 10 December 2014.
144. "Australia ends strikes in Iraq and Syria". BBC News. 22 December 2017.
145. "Dutch air mission ends but Peshmerga, Iraqi training continues". Kurdistan24.
146. "Denmark's decision to withdraw from airstrikes on Syria and Iraq". Middle East Monitor. 6 December 2016.
147. "U.S. applauds Denmark's deploying troops in Syria – Xinhua | English.news.cn". xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 9 September 2019.
148. "Secondo un'agenzia di stampa turca l'Italia ha inviato delle truppe in Siria a combattere l'Isis". 12 June 2018.
149. Barnard, Anne (29 October 2014). "Reinforcements Enter Besieged Syrian Town via Turkey, Raising Hopes". The New York Times . Retrieved 29 October 2014.
150. "Kurdish fighters and Free Syrian Army clash with IS at strategic border town". Reuters . 30 September 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
151. Thibault Spirlet (2024-06-04). "Ukraine sent special forces to Syria to attack Russians there, revealing a new front to the war". www.businessinsider.com. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
152. "Did Ukraine special forces strike Russia forces at a Syrian airbase?". www.newarab.com. 2024-08-01. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
153. Zakharchenko, Kateryna (3 June 2024). "Ukrainian Special Forces and Syrian Rebels Decimate Russian Mercenaries in Syria". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
154. There was one series of strikes in 2016, intentionality disputed.
155. Wetzel, Gary (9 June 2017). "An American F-15E Just Shot Down An Armed Drone Over Syria". Foxtrot Alpha.
156. Hennigan, W. J. (2 July 2017). "U.S. forces shoot down Iranian drone over Syria as fighting escalates". Los Angeles Times .
157. Baldore, Lolita C.; Copp, Tara (13 November 2023). "US conducts airstrikes against Iran-backed groups in Syria, retaliating for attacks on US troops". AP News. Washington, D.C.: Associated Press. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
158. Dziadoszt, Alexander (6 November 2014). Boulton, Ralph (ed.). "Syria's Ahrar al-Sham says coalition strikes on it killed civilians: statement". Reuters. Beirut, Lebanon. Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
159. Paton Walsh, Nick; Smith-Spark, Laura (6 November 2014). "Report: Airstrikes target another Islamist group in Syria". CNN. Retrieved 6 November 2014.
160. "28 months of bombing by the international coalition kills more than 6900 persons in Syria, including 820 Syrian civilians". SOHR. 23 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
161. "US-led strikes hit Qaeda in Syria as well as IS: Monitor". Al-Ahram . Agence France-Presse. 23 September 2014. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
162. "U.S. bombs Nusra headquarters in key city on Turkey-Syria border". McClatchy DC. 9 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
163. E. Barnes, Julian; Dagher, Sam (24 September 2014). "Syria Strikes: U.S. Reports Significant Damage in Attacks on Islamic State, Khorasan". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 26 September 2014.
164. "At least 40 of the jihadi groups were killed after an unidentified targeting of headquarters and meeting of "Wa Harred al-Mu'min" operation room in Idlib countryside". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights . 31 August 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2019.
165. "About 8 persons mostly commanders of non-Syrian nationalities were killed in aerial bombardment believed to be caused by the International Coalition warplanes that targeted a headquarters of Hurras Al-Din organization in the "Putin – Erdogan" area". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 1 July 2019.
166. "Statement from U.S. Central Command on strike against al-Qaida in Syria". United States Central Command . 30 June 2019.
167. "An internal struggle: Al Qaeda's Syrian affiliate is grappling with its identity". Brookings Institution. 31 May 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
168. "Air strikes kill 12 fighters in Syria's Idlib: monitor". Reuters. 3 February 2017.
169. "Search for the dead begins in Idlib after Islamic State-linked brigade leaves for Raqqa". 22 February 2017.
170. Caleb Weiss (14 February 2017). "Uighur jihadist fought in Afghanistan, killed in Syria". Long War Journal . Retrieved 22 February 2017.
171. "US-led Coalition in Iraq & Syria". Airwars . Retrieved 19 October 2019.
172. "Airstrikes in Iraq and Syria". U.S. Department of Defense. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
173. "United States sending special forces to Syria". CBS News. 30 October 2015.
174. "Trump claims U.S. has defeated ISIS in Syria". Reuters. 18 December 2018.
175. "The Return of ISIS in Iraq, Syria, and the Middle East". Center for Strategic and International Studies. 3 September 2019.
176. "ISIL confirms death of leader Abu Hussein al-Qurashi, names successor". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
177. "Islamic State confirms death of its leader, names replacement". Reuters. August 3, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2023.
178. "US withdraws hundreds of troops from Syria after Pentagon directive". Al Arabiya. 3 June 2025. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
179. "Ambassador: US to reduce military bases in Syria 'to one'". Responsible Statecraft. 2 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
180. "Syria And Us Foreign Policy: An Accidental American Victory". Hoover Institution. 11 March 2025.
181. "Damascus celebrates rebel victory amid uncertain future". Voice of America. 9 December 2024.
182. Carl, Nicholas; Jhaveri, Ashka; Braverman, Alexandra (28 January 2024). "Iran Update, January 28, 2024" (Think tank analysis). Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Study of War . Retrieved 29 January 2024. These militias have conducted over 170 attacks targeting US positions as part of this effort since October 2023.
183. "Moscow claims Assad fled as mystery plane leaves Russian air base in Syria". The Jerusalem Post . 8 December 2024. Archived from the original on 8 December 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
184. "Canadian rifles may have fallen into Yemen rebel hands, likely via Saudi Arabia". CBC News. 22 February 2016. Archived from the original on 3 May 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
185. Ben Knight (14 April 2017). "Germany sells arms to UAE despite Yemen conflict". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
186. "Russia denies Mike Pompeo's allegation of links between Iran, al-Qaeda". Business Standard India. 2021-01-14. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-06.
187. See:
     • "Exclusive: Iran Steps up Support for Houthis in Yemen's War – Sources". U.S. News & World Report. 21 March 2017. Archived from the original on 22 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • "Arab coalition intercepts Houthi ballistic missile targeting Saudi city of Jazan". english.alarabiya.net. Al Arabiya. 20 March 2017. Archived from the original on 29 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • Taleblu, Behnam Ben; Toumaj, Amir (21 August 2016). "Analysis: IRGC implicated in arming Yemeni Houthis with rockets". www.longwarjournal.org. Long War Journal. Archived from the original on 22 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • Segall, Michael (2 March 2017). "Yemen Has Become Iran's Testing Ground for New Weapons". jcpa.org. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Archived from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • "Exclusive: Iran steps up weapons supply to Yemen's Houthis via Oman – officials". Reuters . October 20, 2016. Archived from the original on November 10, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
188. "Syrian regime coordinates military training with Yemeni Houthis". ARA News. 9 March 2015. Archived from the original on 13 March 2015. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
189. "North Korea's Balancing Act in the Persian Gulf". The Huffington Post. 17 August 2015. Archived from the original on 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015. North Korea's military support for Houthi rebels in Yemen is the latest manifestation of its support for anti-American forces.
190. "Fact Check: Is Qatar Supporting Terrorism? A Look at Its Ties to Iran, ISIS and the Muslim Brotherhood". Haaretz. Associated Press. 11 July 2017. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
191. "Putin's Latest Moves: The Military Alliance Among Iran, Hezbollah And Russia In Syria Could Spread To Yemen". International Business Times. 25 September 2015. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 25 September 2015. Moscow is now supporting the Tehran-backed Houthi rebels who are fighting forces loyal to the U.S.-supported exiled president.
192. See:
     • Al-Abyad, Said (11 March 2017). "Yemeni Officer: 4 Lebanese 'Hezbollah' Members Caught in Ma'rib". english.aawsat.com. Asharq Al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 21 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • Pestano, Andrew V. (25 February 2016). "Yemen accuses Hezbollah of supporting Houthi attacks in Saudi Arabia". www.upi.com. Sana'a, Yemen: United Press International. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • Hatem, Mohammed (24 February 2016). "Yemen Accuses Hezbollah of Helping Houthis in Saudi Border War". www.bloomberg.com. Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • "Yemen government says Hezbollah fighting alongside Houthis". www.reuters.com. Reuters. 24 February 2016. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
     • "Report: Houthi Commander Admits Iran, Hezbollah Training Fighters in Yemen". www.thetower.org. The Tower. 17 January 2017. Archived from the original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
193. Gatehouse, Gabriel (11 September 2015). "Inside Yemen's forgotten war". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 October 2015.
194. "U.S. carrier moving off the coast of Yemen to block Iranian arms shipments". USA Today. 20 April 2015.
195. McKernan, Bethan (7 November 2018). "Battle rages in Yemen's vital port as showdown looms". The Guardian. The port has been blockaded by the Saudi-led coalition for the past three years, a decision aid organizations say has been the main contributing factor to the famine that threatens to engulf half of Yemen's 28 million population.
196. "US special forces secretly deployed to assist Saudi Arabia in Yemen conflict". The Independent. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
197. "US special forces 'helping' Saudis battle Houthi rebels". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
198. "Officials: US Warplanes Strike IS Facility in Libya". ABC News. 19 February 2016.
199. "Britain and Jordan's secret war in Libya". Middle East Eye. 25 March 2016. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
200. "U.S. airstrike in Libya kills al-Qaeda affiliate", Reuters, 14 June 2018, retrieved 23 July 2020
201. U.S. targets al-Qaeda in Libya , retrieved 23 July 2020
202. "Who really defeated the Islamic State – Obama or Trump?". The Conversation. 16 October 2020.
203. Ibrahim, Azeem (2020). Rise and Fall?: The Rise and Fall of ISIS in Libya. Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College. ISBN   978-1-58487-825-4.
204. "Libya officials: Jihadis driving IS from eastern stronghold". Associated Press. 30 July 2015. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
205. "US military pulls forces from Libya". Deutsche Welle. 7 April 2019.
206. "How a Top Secret SEAL Team 6 Mission Into North Korea Fell Apart". The New York Times. 5 September 2025.
207. "Inside failed SEAL Team 6 mission in North Korea". NBC News. 6 September 2025.
208. Altman, Howard (October 31, 2020). "SEAL Team 6 rescues American hostage in Nigeria". MilitaryTimes.com. Retrieved April 16, 2025.
209. "Peace in Europe 'shattered' as Russia invades Ukraine". CNN. 24 February 2022.
210. "'Not Since World War II': The Worrying Precedent Many Are Evoking For The Ukraine War". Forbes. 29 November 2022.
211. "Tracking US and NATO support for Ukraine: A full breakdown". Al Jazeera. 21 August 2025.
212. "Without the US, Ukraine would barely last six months against Russia". Le Monde. 20 February 2025.
213. "DOD Official Says Training for Ukrainians Is Ongoing". U.S. Department of Defense. 30 March 2023.
214. "The Spy War: How the C.I.A. Secretly Helps Ukraine Fight Putin". The New York Times. 28 February 2024.
215. "U.S. provided intelligence that helped Ukraine sink Russian warship". The Washington Post. 5 May 2022.
216. "U.S. intel helped Ukraine protect air defenses, shoot down Russian plane carrying hundreds of troops". NBC News. 26 April 2022.
217. "US weighs sending additional military advisers to Ukraine as Russia gains momentum". Politico. 20 April 2024.
218. "The Secret History of the War in Ukraine". The New York Times. 29 March 2025.
219. "The Secret History of the War in Ukraine". The New York Times. 29 March 2025.
220. "Houthis say US 'backed down' and Israel not covered by ceasefire". BBC News. 7 May 2025.
221. "Why Trump Suddenly Declared Victory Over the Houthi Militia". The New York Times. 12 May 2025.
222. "Trump's ceasefire with the Houthis was a win — just not the kind of win he says it was". MSNBC. 14 May 2025.
223. "Why Donald Trump Was Right to End Houthi Strikes". The National Interest. 26 May 2025.
224. "Austin announces US-led security operation focusing on Red Sea, Gulf of Aden after Houthi attacks on commercial shipping". CNN. 18 December 2023.
225. "Navy faces most intense running sea battle since WWII with Houthis". Navy Times. 2024-06-16. Retrieved 2024-09-07.
226. "EU launches naval mission to protect Red Sea shipping". Reuters. 19 February 2024.
227. "We're not here to fight the Houthis, EU Red Sea commander says". Yemen Online. 7 April 2025.
228. "Operation Poseidon Archer: Assessing one year of strikes on Houthi targets". International Institute for Strategic Studies. 18 March 2025.
229. "US forces have hit more than 1,000 Houthi targets in Yemen, Pentagon says". Stars and Stripes. 29 April 2025.
230. "Trump says US to stop attacking Houthis in Yemen as group has 'capitulated'". BBC News. 6 May 2025.
231. "Trump announces deal to stop bombing Houthis, end shipping attacks". Reuters. 6 May 2025.
232. "Houthis resume deadly Red Sea shipping attacks". Foundation for Defense of Democracies. 8 July 2025.
233. AFP and ToI Staff. "After relentless US bombing campaign, Yemen's Houthis are biggest victors of truce". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 2025-05-09. The rebels, who control swathes of Yemen, are the biggest winners of this truce, analysts told AFP, with an official confirming they will keep targeting Israeli ships in the key maritime waterway.
234. Fabian, Emanuel; Yohanan, Nurit; Freiberg, Nava (5 June 2025). "Israel providing guns to Gaza gang to bolster opposition to Hamas". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 5 June 2025.
235. Rasgon, Adam (2025-06-06). "Who Is Yasser Abu Shabab, the Leader of the Israeli-Backed Militia in Gaza?". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2025-06-07.
236. "Hundreds dead as war erupts after surprise Hamas attack catches Israel off guard". CBC. 7 October 2023.
237. "US aircraft carriers - What they bring to the Middle East". Reuters. 16 October 2023.
238. "Report finds US spent record $17.9 billion on military aid to Israel in year of war". The Times of Israel. 7 October 2024.
239. Ali, Idrees; Stewart, Phil. "US carries out first airdrop of aid into Gaza". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
240. "Exclusive: US military's pier in Gaza to cost $320 million". Reuters. 29 April 2024.
241. "US says it helped Israel shoot down Iran missiles". BBC. 2 October 2024. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
242. "US troops arrive in Israel". Telegraph . 15 October 2024. Retrieved 18 October 2024. Around 100 American military personnel in total will be sent to operate the system – the first time US troops have been deployed in combat in Israel during the current crisis.
243. Cooper, Helene (13 October 2024). "U.S. to Deploy Missile Defense System and About 100 Troops to Israel". The New York Times . Retrieved 18 October 2024.
244. "Israel launches ground invasion in Lebanon". BBC News. 1 October 2024.
245. "US helped track Hezbollah rocket, drone attacks against Israel, says defence official". France 24 . 25 August 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
246. "US aided Israel with intelligence in attack on Hezbollah: Report". Anadolu Ajansı. 25 August 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
247. "Why Hezbollah Fell". Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. 31 March 2025.
248. "Israel's Victory in Lebanon". Institute for the Study of War. 2 December 2024.
249. "Hassan Nasrallah, Hezbollah leader, killed in Beirut in Israeli strike". Al Jazeera. 28 September 2024.
250. "Iran can still build nuclear weapons without further enrichment. Only diplomacy will stop it". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2 July 2025.
251. "The Iran threat will haunt the Gulf for years". The International Institute for Strategic Studies. 30 June 2025.
252. "Even after U.S. and Israeli strikes, Iran may still be able to build a nuclear weapon". NBC News. 24 June 2025.
253. "Iran Is on Course for a Bomb After U.S. Strikes Fail to Destroy Facilities". Foreign Policy. 27 June 2025.
254. "What is behind Israel's decision to attack Iran?". Al Jazeera. 13 June 2025.
255. "US helps Israel shoot down barrage of Iranian missiles". AP News. Associated Press. 13 June 2025. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
256. "US air defense systems, naval destroyer help down Iranian missiles fired at Israel". The Times of Israel . 14 June 2025. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
257. "U.S. enters Israel's war with Iran, striking 3 Iranian nuclear sites". Los Angeles Times. 22 June 2025.
258. "What we know about US strikes on Iran's nuclear facilities". BBC News. 22 June 2025.
259. "US strikes set back Iran's nuclear program up to 2 years, DOD says". Military Times. 3 July 2025.
260. "US says its strikes degraded Iran's nuclear programme by one to two years". Al Jazeera. 3 July 2025.
261. "The '12-Day War' ended with an attack on Qatar. Why didn't it escalate?". Al Jazeera. 25 June 2025.

External links

• Heidelberg Institute for International Conflict Research (HIIK)
  • Conflict Barometer – Describes recent trends in conflict development, escalations, and settlements
• A Continent Divided: The U.S.-Mexico War ^{[ permanent dead link ]}, Center for Greater Southwestern Studies, the University of Texas at Arlington
• Timeline of wars involving the United States, Histropedia
• U.S. Periods of War and Dates of Recent Conflicts, Congressional Research Service