Solar eclipse of April 8, 1959

Last updated
Solar eclipse of April 8, 1959
SE1959Apr08A.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureAnnular
Gamma −0.4546
Magnitude 0.9401
Maximum eclipse
Duration446 s (7 min 26 s)
Coordinates 19°06′S137°36′E / 19.1°S 137.6°E / -19.1; 137.6
Max. width of band247 km (153 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse3:24:08
References
Saros 138 (28 of 70)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9418

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Wednesday, April 8, 1959, [1] with a magnitude of 0.9401. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.9 days after apogee (on April 10, 1959, at 23:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. [2]

Contents

Annularity was visible from Australia, southeastern tip of Milne Bay Province in the Territory of Papua New Guinea (today's Papua New Guinea), British Solomon Islands (today's Solomon Islands), Gilbert and Ellice Islands (the part now belonging to Tuvalu), Tokelau, and Swains Island in American Samoa. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Australia, Antarctica, Southeast Asia, and Oceania.

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [3]

April 8, 1959 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1959 April 08 at 00:27:28.0 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1959 April 08 at 01:36:33.3 UTC
First Central Line1959 April 08 at 01:39:23.2 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1959 April 08 at 01:42:14.0 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1959 April 08 at 03:08:03.5 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1959 April 08 at 03:24:08.2 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1959 April 08 at 03:29:32.4 UTC
Greatest Duration1959 April 08 at 03:30:28.4 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1959 April 08 at 05:06:13.3 UTC
Last Central Line1959 April 08 at 05:09:05.4 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1959 April 08 at 05:11:56.5 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1959 April 08 at 06:20:59.2 UTC
April 8, 1959 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude0.94012
Eclipse Obscuration0.88382
Gamma−0.45463
Sun Right Ascension01h04m44.7s
Sun Declination+06°53'31.5"
Sun Semi-Diameter15'58.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.8"
Moon Right Ascension01h05m13.2s
Moon Declination+06°29'54.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter14'49.0"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax0°54'22.5"
ΔT32.8 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of March–April 1959
March 24
Ascending node (full moon)
April 8
Descending node (new moon)
Lunar eclipse chart close-1959Mar24.png SE1959Apr08A.png
Partial lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 112
Annular solar eclipse
Solar Saros 138

Eclipses in 1959

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 138

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1957–1960

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [4]

Solar eclipse series sets from 1957 to 1960
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
118 April 30, 1957
SE1957Apr30A.png
Annular (non-central)
0.9992123 October 23, 1957
SE1957Oct23T.png
Total (non-central)
1.0022
128 April 19, 1958
SE1958Apr19A.png
Annular
0.275133 October 12, 1958
SE1958Oct12T.png
Total
−0.2951
138 April 8, 1959
SE1959Apr08A.png
Annular
−0.4546143 October 2, 1959
SE1959Oct02T.png
Total
0.4207
148 March 27, 1960
SE1960Mar27P.png
Partial
−1.1537153 September 20, 1960
SE1960Sep20P.png
Partial
1.2057

Saros 138

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 138, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 6, 1472. It contains annular eclipses from August 31, 1598 through February 18, 2482; a hybrid eclipse on March 1, 2500; and total eclipses from March 12, 2518 through April 3, 2554. The series ends at member 70 as a partial eclipse on July 11, 2716. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 23 at 8 minutes, 2 seconds on February 11, 1869, and the longest duration of totality will be produced by member 61 at 56 seconds on April 3, 2554. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit. [5]

Series members 20–41 occur between 1801 and 2200:
202122
SE1815Jan10A.png
January 10, 1815
SE1833Jan20A.png
January 20, 1833
SE1851Feb01A.png
February 1, 1851
232425
SE1869Feb11A.png
February 11, 1869
SE1887Feb22A.png
February 22, 1887
SE1905Mar06A.png
March 6, 1905
262728
SE1923Mar17A.png
March 17, 1923
SE1941Mar27A.png
March 27, 1941
SE1959Apr08A.png
April 8, 1959
293031
SE1977Apr18A.png
April 18, 1977
SE1995Apr29A.png
April 29, 1995
SE2013May10A.png
May 10, 2013
323334
SE2031May21A.png
May 21, 2031
SE2049May31A.png
May 31, 2049
SE2067Jun11A.png
June 11, 2067
353637
SE2085Jun22A.png
June 22, 2085
SE2103Jul04A.png
July 4, 2103
SE2121Jul14A.png
July 14, 2121
383940
SE2139Jul25A.png
July 25, 2139
SE2157Aug05A.png
August 5, 2157
SE2175Aug16A.png
August 16, 2175
41
SE2193Aug26A.png
August 26, 2193

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between April 8, 1902 and August 31, 1989
April 7–8January 24–25November 12August 31–September 1June 19–20
108110112114116
SE1902Apr08P.png
April 8, 1902
SE1913Aug31P.png
August 31, 1913
SE1917Jun19P.png
June 19, 1917
118120122124126
SE1921Apr08A.png
April 8, 1921
SE1925Jan24T.png
January 24, 1925
SE1928Nov12P.png
November 12, 1928
SE1932Aug31T.png
August 31, 1932
SE1936Jun19T.png
June 19, 1936
128130132134136
SE1940Apr07A.png
April 7, 1940
SE1944Jan25T.png
January 25, 1944
SE1947Nov12A.png
November 12, 1947
SE1951Sep01A.png
September 1, 1951
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
138140142144146
SE1959Apr08A.png
April 8, 1959
SE1963Jan25A.png
January 25, 1963
SE1966Nov12T.png
November 12, 1966
SE1970Aug31A.png
August 31, 1970
SE1974Jun20T.png
June 20, 1974
148150152154
SE1978Apr07P.png
April 7, 1978
SE1982Jan25P.png
January 25, 1982
SE1985Nov12T.png
November 12, 1985
SE1989Aug31P.png
August 31, 1989

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1806Jun16T.png
June 16, 1806
(Saros 124)
SE1817May16A.gif
May 16, 1817
(Saros 125)
Saros126 37van72 SE1828Apr14H.jpg
April 14, 1828
(Saros 126)
SE1839Mar15T.gif
March 15, 1839
(Saros 127)
SE1850Feb12A.gif
February 12, 1850
(Saros 128)
SE1861Jan11A.gif
January 11, 1861
(Saros 129)
SE1871Dec12T.png
December 12, 1871
(Saros 130)
SE1882Nov10A.gif
November 10, 1882
(Saros 131)
SE1893Oct09A.gif
October 9, 1893
(Saros 132)
SE1904Sep09T.png
September 9, 1904
(Saros 133)
SE1915Aug10A.png
August 10, 1915
(Saros 134)
SE1926Jul09A.png
July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)
SE1937Jun08T.png
June 8, 1937
(Saros 136)
SE1948May09A.png
May 9, 1948
(Saros 137)
SE1959Apr08A.png
April 8, 1959
(Saros 138)
SE1970Mar07T.png
March 7, 1970
(Saros 139)
SE1981Feb04A.png
February 4, 1981
(Saros 140)
SE1992Jan04A.png
January 4, 1992
(Saros 141)
SE2002Dec04T.png
December 4, 2002
(Saros 142)
SE2013Nov03H.png
November 3, 2013
(Saros 143)
SE2024Oct02A.png
October 2, 2024
(Saros 144)
SE2035Sep02T.png
September 2, 2035
(Saros 145)
SE2046Aug02T.png
August 2, 2046
(Saros 146)
SE2057Jul01A.png
July 1, 2057
(Saros 147)
SE2068May31T.png
May 31, 2068
(Saros 148)
SE2079May01T.png
May 1, 2079
(Saros 149)
SE2090Mar31P.png
March 31, 2090
(Saros 150)
SE2101Feb28A.png
February 28, 2101
(Saros 151)
Saros152 18van70 SE2112Jan29T.jpg
January 29, 2112
(Saros 152)
Saros153 15van70 SE2122Dec28A.jpg
December 28, 2122
(Saros 153)
Saros154 13van71 SE2133Nov26A.jpg
November 26, 2133
(Saros 154)
Saros155 13van71 SE2144Oct26T.jpg
October 26, 2144
(Saros 155)
Saros156 09van69 SE2155Sep26A.jpg
September 26, 2155
(Saros 156)
SE2166Aug25A.png
August 25, 2166
(Saros 157)
Saros158 07van70 SE2177Jul25P.jpg
July 25, 2177
(Saros 158)
Saros159 04van70 SE2188Jun24P.jpg
June 24, 2188
(Saros 159)
Saros160 02van71 SE2199May24P.jpg
May 24, 2199
(Saros 160)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1814Jul17T.png
July 17, 1814
(Saros 133)
SE1843Jun27H.png
June 27, 1843
(Saros 134)
SE1872Jun06A.gif
June 6, 1872
(Saros 135)
SE1901May18T.png
May 18, 1901
(Saros 136)
SE1930Apr28H.png
April 28, 1930
(Saros 137)
SE1959Apr08A.png
April 8, 1959
(Saros 138)
SE1988Mar18T.png
March 18, 1988
(Saros 139)
SE2017Feb26A.png
February 26, 2017
(Saros 140)
SE2046Feb05A.png
February 5, 2046
(Saros 141)
SE2075Jan16T.png
January 16, 2075
(Saros 142)
SE2103Dec29A.png
December 29, 2103
(Saros 143)
SE2132Dec07A.png
December 7, 2132
(Saros 144)
SE2161Nov17T.png
November 17, 2161
(Saros 145)
SE2190Oct29H.png
October 29, 2190
(Saros 146)

Notes

  1. "April 8, 1959 Annular Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  2. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  3. "Annular Solar Eclipse of 1959 Apr 08". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  4. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 138". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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References