Solar eclipse of June 20, 1955

Last updated
Solar eclipse of June 20, 1955
SE1955Jun20T.png
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma −0.1528
Magnitude 1.0776
Maximum eclipse
Duration428 s (7 min 8 s)
Coordinates 14°48′N117°00′E / 14.8°N 117°E / 14.8; 117
Max. width of band254 km (158 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse4:10:42
References
Saros 136 (34 of 71)
Catalog # (SE5000) 9410

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Monday, June 20, 1955, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] with a magnitude of 1.0776. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 14.5 hours after perigee (on June 19, 1955, at 14:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger. [13]

Contents

With a maximum duration of 7 minutes 7.74 seconds, this is the longest solar eclipse of Saros series 136, as well as the longest total solar eclipse since the 11th century, and until the 22nd century, because greatest eclipse occurred near the equator. [14]

Totality began over the Indian Ocean, British Seychelles (today's Seychelles) and Maldives, crossing Ceylon (name changed to Sri Lanka later) including the capital city Colombo, Andaman Islands, Burma, Thailand including the capital city Bangkok, Cambodia, Laos, South Vietnam (now belonging to Vietnam), Paracel Islands and Scarborough Shoal (near the greatest eclipse), moving across the Philippines including the capital city Manila, Kayangel Atoll in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (now belonging to Palau), Nukumanu Islands in the Territory of Papua New Guinea (today's Papua New Guinea), towards northern Ontong Java Atoll in British Solomon Islands (today's Solomon Islands) ending over Southwestern Pacific Ocean. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and Oceania.

This was the second of four central solar eclipses visible from Bangkok from 1948 to 1958, where it is extremely rare for a large city to witness four central solar eclipses within 10 years.

Observations

The Tokyo Astronomical Observatory (now incorporated into the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan) of the University of Tokyo sent an expedition to Ceylon, but observation failed due to bad weather conditions. The Hydrographic Office of Japan (now Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department  [ ja ] of Japan Coast Guard) sent a team to the western coast of Bình Thuận  [ vi ], Bình Sơn district, Quảng Ngãi province, South Vietnam. The whole process was not affected by any clouds or fog. The team said that totality of this eclipse was particularly dark compared with previous total solar eclipses observed, and the long duration of totality was also one of the reasons. The team took many images of solar corona successfully. [15] A small team from the United States observed the total eclipse from Thailand. Some members of the Thai royal family also saw the eclipse from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province, north of the capital city Bangkok. In addition, Radio Thailand also broadcast a special program on the total solar eclipse nationally, which was the first such broadcast in Thailand. [16]

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse. [17]

June 20, 1955 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact1955 June 20 at 01:33:50.0 UTC
First Umbral External Contact1955 June 20 at 02:27:20.5 UTC
First Central Line1955 June 20 at 02:28:55.7 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact1955 June 20 at 02:30:30.9 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact1955 June 20 at 03:25:02.8 UTC
Greatest Duration1955 June 20 at 04:08:34.6 UTC
Greatest Eclipse1955 June 20 at 04:10:42.0 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction1955 June 20 at 04:12:01.6 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction1955 June 20 at 04:12:15.4 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact1955 June 20 at 04:56:19.0 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact1955 June 20 at 05:50:53.2 UTC
Last Central Line1955 June 20 at 05:52:27.7 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact1955 June 20 at 05:54:02.2 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact1955 June 20 at 06:47:35.0 UTC
June 20, 1955 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude1.07756
Eclipse Obscuration1.16113
Gamma−0.15278
Sun Right Ascension05h51m36.9s
Sun Declination+23°25'50.7"
Sun Semi-Diameter15'44.3"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.7"
Moon Right Ascension05h51m33.5s
Moon Declination+23°16'33.0"
Moon Semi-Diameter16'40.5"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax1°01'11.8"
ΔT31.2 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of June 1955
June 5
Ascending node (full moon)
June 20
Descending node (new moon)
Lunar eclipse chart close-1955Jun05.png SE1955Jun20T.png
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 110
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 136

Eclipses in 1955

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 136

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 1953–1956

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit. [18]

The partial solar eclipses on February 14, 1953 and August 9, 1953 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1953 to 1956
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
116 July 11, 1953
SE1953Jul11P.png
Partial
1.4388121 January 5, 1954
SE1954Jan05A.png
Annular
−0.9296
126 June 30, 1954
SE1954Jun30T.png
Total
0.6135131 December 25, 1954
SE1954Dec25A.png
Annular
−0.2576
136 June 20, 1955
SE1955Jun20T.png
Total
−0.1528141 December 14, 1955
SE1955Dec14A.png
Annular
0.4266
146 June 8, 1956
SE1956Jun08T.png
Total
−0.8934151 December 2, 1956
SE1956Dec02P.png
Partial
1.0923

Saros 136

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 136, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on June 14, 1360. It contains annular eclipses from September 8, 1504 through November 12, 1594; hybrid eclipses from November 22, 1612 through January 17, 1703; and total eclipses from January 27, 1721 through May 13, 2496. The series ends at member 71 as a partial eclipse on July 30, 2622. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of annularity was produced by member 9 at 32 seconds on September 8, 1504, and the longest duration of totality was produced by member 34 at 7 minutes, 7.74 seconds on June 20, 1955. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit. [19]

Series members 26–47 occur between 1801 and 2200:
262728
SE1811Mar24T.png
March 24, 1811
SE1829Apr03T.png
April 3, 1829
SE1847Apr15T.png
April 15, 1847
293031
SE1865Apr25T.gif
April 25, 1865
SE1883May06T.png
May 6, 1883
SE1901May18T.png
May 18, 1901
323334
SE1919May29T.png
May 29, 1919
SE1937Jun08T.png
June 8, 1937
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
353637
SE1973Jun30T.png
June 30, 1973
SE1991Jul11T.png
July 11, 1991
SE2009Jul22T.png
July 22, 2009
383940
SE2027Aug02T.png
August 2, 2027
SE2045Aug12T.png
August 12, 2045
SE2063Aug24T.png
August 24, 2063
414243
SE2081Sep03T.png
September 3, 2081
SE2099Sep14T.png
September 14, 2099
SE2117Sep26T.png
September 26, 2117
444546
SE2135Oct07T.png
October 7, 2135
SE2153Oct17T.png
October 17, 2153
SE2171Oct29T.png
October 29, 2171
47
SE2189Nov08T.png
November 8, 2189

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between April 8, 1902 and August 31, 1989
April 7–8January 24–25November 12August 31–September 1June 19–20
108110112114116
SE1902Apr08P.png
April 8, 1902
SE1913Aug31P.png
August 31, 1913
SE1917Jun19P.png
June 19, 1917
118120122124126
SE1921Apr08A.png
April 8, 1921
SE1925Jan24T.png
January 24, 1925
SE1928Nov12P.png
November 12, 1928
SE1932Aug31T.png
August 31, 1932
SE1936Jun19T.png
June 19, 1936
128130132134136
SE1940Apr07A.png
April 7, 1940
SE1944Jan25T.png
January 25, 1944
SE1947Nov12A.png
November 12, 1947
SE1951Sep01A.png
September 1, 1951
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
138140142144146
SE1959Apr08A.png
April 8, 1959
SE1963Jan25A.png
January 25, 1963
SE1966Nov12T.png
November 12, 1966
SE1970Aug31A.png
August 31, 1970
SE1974Jun20T.png
June 20, 1974
148150152154
SE1978Apr07P.png
April 7, 1978
SE1982Jan25P.png
January 25, 1982
SE1985Nov12T.png
November 12, 1985
SE1989Aug31P.png
August 31, 1989

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1802Aug28A.png
August 28, 1802
(Saros 122)
SE1813Jul27T.gif
July 27, 1813
(Saros 123)
SE1824Jun26T.png
June 26, 1824
(Saros 124)
SE1835May27A.gif
May 27, 1835
(Saros 125)
SE1846Apr25H.gif
April 25, 1846
(Saros 126)
SE1857Mar25T.png
March 25, 1857
(Saros 127)
SE1868Feb23A.gif
February 23, 1868
(Saros 128)
SE1879Jan22A.gif
January 22, 1879
(Saros 129)
SE1889Dec22T.png
December 22, 1889
(Saros 130)
SE1900Nov22A.png
November 22, 1900
(Saros 131)
SE1911Oct22A.png
October 22, 1911
(Saros 132)
SE1922Sep21T.png
September 21, 1922
(Saros 133)
SE1933Aug21A.png
August 21, 1933
(Saros 134)
SE1944Jul20A.png
July 20, 1944
(Saros 135)
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)
SE1966May20A.png
May 20, 1966
(Saros 137)
SE1977Apr18A.png
April 18, 1977
(Saros 138)
SE1988Mar18T.png
March 18, 1988
(Saros 139)
SE1999Feb16A.png
February 16, 1999
(Saros 140)
SE2010Jan15A.png
January 15, 2010
(Saros 141)
SE2020Dec14T.png
December 14, 2020
(Saros 142)
SE2031Nov14H.png
November 14, 2031
(Saros 143)
SE2042Oct14A.png
October 14, 2042
(Saros 144)
SE2053Sep12T.png
September 12, 2053
(Saros 145)
SE2064Aug12T.png
August 12, 2064
(Saros 146)
SE2075Jul13A.png
July 13, 2075
(Saros 147)
SE2086Jun11T.png
June 11, 2086
(Saros 148)
SE2097May11T.png
May 11, 2097
(Saros 149)
Saros150 22van71 SE2108Apr11P.jpg
April 11, 2108
(Saros 150)
Saros151 20van72 SE2119Mar11A.jpg
March 11, 2119
(Saros 151)
Saros152 19van70 SE2130Feb08T.jpg
February 8, 2130
(Saros 152)
SE2141Jan08A.png
January 8, 2141
(Saros 153)
Saros154 14van71 SE2151Dec08A.jpg
December 8, 2151
(Saros 154)
Saros155 14van71 SE2162Nov07T.jpg
November 7, 2162
(Saros 155)
Saros156 10van69 SE2173Oct07A.jpg
October 7, 2173
(Saros 156)
SE2184Sep04A.png
September 4, 2184
(Saros 157)
Saros158 08van70 SE2195Aug05T.jpg
August 5, 2195
(Saros 158)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
SE1810Sep28A.gif
September 28, 1810
(Saros 131)
SE1839Sep07A.png
September 7, 1839
(Saros 132)
SE1868Aug18T.png
August 18, 1868
(Saros 133)
SE1897Jul29A.gif
July 29, 1897
(Saros 134)
SE1926Jul09A.png
July 9, 1926
(Saros 135)
SE1955Jun20T.png
June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)
SE1984May30A.png
May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)
SE2013May10A.png
May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)
SE2042Apr20T.png
April 20, 2042
(Saros 139)
SE2071Mar31A.png
March 31, 2071
(Saros 140)
SE2100Mar10A.png
March 10, 2100
(Saros 141)
SE2129Feb18T.png
February 18, 2129
(Saros 142)
SE2158Jan30A.png
January 30, 2158
(Saros 143)
SE2187Jan09A.png
January 9, 2187
(Saros 144)

Notes

  1. "June 20, 1955 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  2. "U.S. to Observe Eclipse of Sun April 8, 2024". Idaho State Journal. Pocatello, Idaho. 1955-06-21. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-10-17 via Newspapers.com.
  3. "Longest Eclipse In 1238 Years Lasts For Seven Minutes And Blacks Out An Area Of 1276000 Square Miles". The Lexington Herald. Lexington, Kentucky. 1955-06-21. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-17 via Newspapers.com.
  4. "Didn't See Eclipse? Catch The One In 2024". The World. Coos Bay, Oregon. 1955-06-21. p. 11. Retrieved 2023-10-17 via Newspapers.com.
  5. "Long Eclipse Seen In South China Sea Area". Troy Daily News. Troy, Ohio. 1955-06-20. p. 10. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  6. "Seven Minute Long Eclipse Darkens South China Seas". News-Pilot. San Pedro, California. 1955-06-20. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  7. "CLOUDS BLACK OUT ECLIPSE IN CEYLON". Coventry Evening Telegraph. Coventry, West Midlands, England. 1955-06-20. p. 14. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  8. "Clouds black out eclipse". Hull Daily Mail. Hull, Humberside, England. 1955-06-20. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  9. "In tears as cloud hides the eclipse". Birmingham Evening Mail. Birmingham, West Midlands, England. 1955-06-20. p. 9. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  10. "'Night' Fliers: Eclipse". Des Moines Tribune. Des Moines, Iowa. 1955-06-20. p. 3. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  11. "Clouds Spoil Ceylon Show: Harvard's Team Gets Best Look at Eclipse". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. 1955-06-20. p. 8. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  12. "Clouds Favor Harvard Eclipse Lookout But Balk Hayden, German Photographing". The Berkshire Eagle. Pittsfield, Massachusetts. 1955-06-20. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-10-18 via Newspapers.com.
  13. "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  14. Fred Espenak. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1001 to 1100". NASA.
  15. Kuniji Saito. "Photometry of the Solar Corona at the Eclipse on June 20, 1955". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 8: 126–141. Archived from the original on 13 May 2020.
  16. "SOLAR ECLIPSES IN SIAM (THAILAND)". National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand. Archived from the original on 30 March 2016.
  17. "Total Solar Eclipse of 1955 Jun 20". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 5 August 2024.
  18. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  19. "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 136". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

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A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Friday, January 3 and Saturday, January 4, 1908, with a magnitude of 1.0437. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring only about 14 hours before perigee, the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solar eclipse of December 23, 1908</span> Total eclipse

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Wednesday, December 23, 1908, with a magnitude of 1.0024. It was a hybrid event, with only a fraction of its path as total, and longer sections at the start and end as an annular eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.1 days before perigee, the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solar eclipse of June 17, 1909</span> Hybrid eclipse

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Thursday, June 17 and Friday, June 18, 1909, with a magnitude of 1.0065. It was a hybrid event, with only a fraction of its path as total, and longer sections at the start and end as an annular eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. The Moon's apparent diameter was near the average diameter because it occurred 5.4 days after perigee and 7.5 days before apogee.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solar eclipse of August 31, 1932</span> Total eclipse

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Wednesday, August 31 and Thursday, September 1, 1932, with a magnitude of 1.0257. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3 days before perigee, the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solar eclipse of February 25, 1914</span> 20th-century annular solar eclipse

An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Tuesday, February 24 and Wednesday, February 25, 1914, with a magnitude of 0.9248. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.3 days before apogee, the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

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