List of state leaders in 2024

Not to be confused with List of current heads of state and government.

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2024.

Africa

•   Algeria
  • President – Abdelmadjid Tebboune, President of Algeria (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nadir Larbaoui, Prime Minister of Algeria (2023–present)
•   Angola
  • President – João Lourenço, President of Angola (2017–present)
•   Benin
  • President – Patrice Talon, President of Benin (2016–present)
•   Botswana
  • President – Mokgweetsi Masisi, President of Botswana (2018–present)
•   Burkina Faso
  • Junta Leader  – Ibrahim Traoré, President of the Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration (2022–present)
  • President – Ibrahim Traoré, Interim President of Burkina Faso (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Apollinaire Joachim Kyélem de Tambèla, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2022–present)
•   Burundi
  • President – Évariste Ndayishimiye, President of Burundi (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Gervais Ndirakobuca, Prime Minister of Burundi (2022–present)
•   Cameroon
  • President – Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister – Joseph Ngute, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2019–present)
•   Cape Verde
  • President – José Maria Neves, President of Cape Verde (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ulisses Correia e Silva, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2016–present)
•   Central African Republic
  • President  – Faustin-Archange Touadéra, President of the Central African Republic (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister – Félix Moloua, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2022–present)
•   Chad
  • President – Mahamat Déby, President of Chad (2021–present) ^{[lower-alpha 1]}
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Saleh Kebzabo, Prime Minister of Chad (2022–2024)
    2. Succès Masra, Prime Minister of Chad (2024)
    3. Allamaye Halina, Prime Minister of Chad (2024–present)
•   Comoros
  • President – Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros (2016–present)
•   Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
  • President – Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister – Anatole Collinet Makosso, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2021–present)
•   Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  • President – Félix Tshisekedi, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sama Lukonde, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2021–2024)
    2. Judith Tuluka, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2024–present)
•   Djibouti
  • President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2013–present)
•   Egypt
  • President – Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, President of Egypt (2014–present)
  • Prime Minister – Moustafa Madbouly, Prime Minister of Egypt (2018–present)
•   Equatorial Guinea
  • President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Manuela Roka Botey, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2023–2024)
    2. Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2024–present)
•   Eritrea
  • President – Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present)  ^{[lower-alpha 2]}
•   Eswatini
  • Monarch – Mswati III, King of Eswatini (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister – Russell Dlamini, Prime Minister of Eswatini (2023–present)
•   Ethiopia
  • President –
    1. Sahle-Work Zewde, President of Ethiopia (2018–2024)
    2. Taye Atske Selassie, President of Ethiopia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (2018–present)
•   Gabon
  • Junta Leader  – Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Chairman of the Committee for the Transition and Restoration of Institutions (2023–present)
  • President – Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, Transitional President of Gabon (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Raymond Ndong Sima, Prime Minister of Gabon (2023–present)
•   The Gambia
  • President – Adama Barrow, President of the Gambia (2017–present)
•   Ghana
  • President – Nana Akufo-Addo, President of Ghana (2017–present)
•   Guinea
  • Junta Leader  – Mamady Doumbouya, Chairman of the National Committee of Reconciliation and Development (2021–present)
  • President  – Mamady Doumbouya, Interim President of Guinea (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Bernard Goumou, Interim Prime Minister of Guinea (2022–2024)
    2. Bah Oury, Prime Minister of Guinea (2024–present)
•   Guinea-Bissau
  • President – Umaro Sissoco Embaló, President of Guinea-Bissau (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Rui Duarte de Barros, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2023–present)
•   Ivory Coast
  • President – Alassane Ouattara, President of the Ivory Coast (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Robert Beugré Mambé, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2023–present)
•   Kenya
  • President – William Ruto, President of Kenya (2022–present)
•   Lesotho
  • Monarch – Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sam Matekane, Prime Minister of Lesotho (2022–present)
•   Liberia
  • President –
    1. George Weah, President of Liberia (2018–2024)
    2. Joseph Boakai, President of Liberia (2024–present)
•   Libya
  • Government of National Unity
    • Head of State – Mohamed al-Menfi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Libya (2021–present)
    • Prime Minister – Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh, Prime Minister of Libya (2021–present)
  • Government of National Stability (unrecognized, rival government)
    • Prime Minister – Osama Hamada, Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2023–present)
•   Madagascar
  • President – Andry Rajoelina, President of Madagascar (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Christian Ntsay, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2018–present)
•   Malawi
  • President – Lazarus Chakwera, President of Malawi (2020–present)
•   Mali
  • President – Assimi Goïta, Interim President of Mali (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dr. Choguel Kokalla Maïga, Prime Minister of Mali (2021–present)
•   Mauritania
  • President – Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, President of Mauritania (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mohamed Ould Bilal, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2020–2024)
    2. Mokhtar Ould Djay, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2024–present)
•   Mauritius
  • President – Pritvirajsing Roopun, President of Mauritius (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Pravind Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2017–present)
•   Morocco
  • Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Aziz Akhannouch, Head of Government of Morocco (2021–present)
•   Mozambique
  • President – Filipe Nyusi, President of Mozambique (2015–present)
  • Prime Minister – Adriano Maleiane, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2022–present)
•   Namibia
  • President –
    1. Hage Geingob, President of Namibia (2015–2024)
    2. Nangolo Mbumba, President of Namibia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Saara Kuugongelwa, Prime Minister of Namibia (2015–present)
•   Niger
  • President – Abdourahamane Tchiani, President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ali Lamine Zeine, Prime Minister of Niger (2023–present)
•   Nigeria
  • President – Bola Tinubu, President of Nigeria (2023–present)
•   Rwanda
  • President – Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Édouard Ngirente, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2017–present)
•   Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (self-declared, partially recognised state)
  • President – Brahim Ghali, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister – Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2020–present)
•   São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President – Carlos Vila Nova, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Patrice Trovoada, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2022–present)
•   Senegal
  • President –
    1. Macky Sall, President of Senegal (2012–2024)
    2. Bassirou Diomaye Faye, President of Senegal (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Amadou Ba, Prime Minister of Senegal (2022–2024)
    2. Sidiki Kaba, Prime Minister of Senegal (2024)
    3. Ousmane Sonko, Prime Minister of Senegal (2024–present)
•   Seychelles
  • President – Wavel Ramkalawan, President of Seychelles (2020–present)
•   Sierra Leone
  • President – Julius Maada Bio, President of Sierra Leone (2018–present)
  • Chief Minister – David Moinina Sengeh, Chief Minister of Sierra Leone (2023–present)
•   Somalia
  • President – Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, President of Somalia (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hamza Abdi Barre, Prime Minister of Somalia (2022–present)
•   Somaliland (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  • President – Muse Bihi Abdi, President of Somaliland (2017–present)
•   South Africa
  • President – Cyril Ramaphosa, President of South Africa (2018–present)
•   South Sudan
  • President – Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of South Sudan (2011–present)
•   Sudan
  • President – Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Chairman of the Transitional Sovereignty Council ^[1] (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Osman Hussein, Acting Prime Minister of Sudan (2022–present)
•   Tanzania
  • President – Samia Suluhu, President of Tanzania (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Kassim Majaliwa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2015–present)
•   Togo
  • President – Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Victoire Tomegah Dogbé, Prime Minister of Togo (2020–present)
•   Tunisia
  • President – Kais Saied, President of Tunisia (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ahmed Hachani, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2023–2024)
    2. Kamel Madouri, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2024–present)
•   Uganda
  • President – Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister – Robinah Nabbanja, Prime Minister of Uganda (2021–present)
•   Zambia
  • President – Hakainde Hichilema, President of Zambia (2021–present)
•   Zimbabwe
  • President – Emmerson Mnangagwa, President of Zimbabwe (2017–present)

Asia

•   Afghanistan
  • Supreme Leader – Hibatullah Akhundzada, Supreme Leader of Afghanistan (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hasan Akhund, Acting Prime Minister of Afghanistan (2021–present)
•   Bahrain
  • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (2020–present)
•   Bangladesh
  • President – Mohammed Shahabuddin, President of Bangladesh (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2009–2024)
    2. Muhammad Yunus, Chief Adviser of Bangladesh (2024–present)
•   Bhutan
  • Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Chogyal Dago Rigdzin, Chief Advisor of Bhutan (2023–2024)
    2. Tshering Tobgay, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2024–present)
•   Brunei
  • Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)  ^{[lower-alpha 3]}
  • Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
•   Cambodia
  • Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hun Manet, Prime Minister of Cambodia (2023–present)
•   China (People's Republic of China)
  • Communist Party Leader – Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (2012–present)
  • President – Xi Jinping, President of China (2013–present)
  • Premier – Li Qiang, Premier of the State Council of China (2023–present)
•   East Timor
  • President – José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Xanana Gusmão, Prime Minister of East Timor (2023–present)
•   India
  • President – Droupadi Murmu, President of India (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India (2014–present)
•   Indonesia
  • President – Joko Widodo, President of Indonesia (2014–present)
•   Iran
  • Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President –
    1. Ebrahim Raisi, President of Iran (2021–2024)
    2. Mohammad Mokhber, Acting President of Iran (2024)
    3. Masoud Pezeshkian, President of Iran (2024–present)
•   Iraq
  • President – Abdul Latif Rashid, President of Iraq (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani, Prime Minister of Iraq (2022–present)
•   Israel
  • President – Isaac Herzog, President of Israel (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel (2022–present)
•   Japan
  • Monarch – Naruhito, Emperor of Japan (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Fumio Kishida, Prime Minister of Japan (2021–2024)
    2. Shigeru Ishiba, Prime Minister of Japan (2024–present)
•   Jordan
  • Monarch – Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Bisher Khasawneh, Prime Minister of Jordan (2020–2024)
    2. Jafar Hassan, Prime Minister of Jordan (2024–present)
•   Kazakhstan
  • President – Kassym-Dzomart Tokayev, President of Kazakhstan (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Älihan Smaiylov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2022–2024)
    2. Roman Sklyar, Acting Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2024)
    3. Oljas Bektenov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2024–present)
•   North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
  • Communist Party Leader – Kim Jong Un, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea ^[2] (2012–present)
  • De facto Head of State – Kim Jong Un, Chairman of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea   ^{[lower-alpha 4]} (2011–present)
  • De jure Head of State – Choe Ryong-hae, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (2019–present) ^[3]
  • Premier – Kim Tok-hun, Premier of the Cabinet of North Korea (2020–present)
•   South Korea (Republic of Korea)
  • President – Yoon Suk-yeol, President of South Korea (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Han Duck-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2022–present)
•   Kuwait
  • Monarch – Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ahmad Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2022–2024)
    2. Mohammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2024)
    3. Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2024–present)
•   Kyrgyzstan
  • President – Sadyr Dzaparov, President of Kyrgyzstan (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Akylbek Dzaparov, Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan (2021–present)
•   Laos
  • Communist Party Leader – Thongloun Sisoulith, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (2021–present)
  • President – Thongloun Sisoulith, President of Laos (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sonexay Siphandone, Prime Minister of Laos (2022–present)
•   Lebanon
  • President – Vacant, (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Najib Mikati, President of the Council of Ministers (2021–present)
•   Malaysia
  • Monarch –
    1. Abdullah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2019–2024)
    2. Ibrahim Iskandar, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Anwar Ibrahim, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2022–present)
•   Maldives
  • President – Mohamed Muizzu, President of the Maldives (2023–present)
•   Mongolia
  • President – Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh, President of Mongolia (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2021–present)
•   Myanmar
  • State Administration Council
    • President –
    1. Myint Swe, Acting President of Myanmar (2021–2024)
    2. Min Aung Hlaing, Acting President of Myanmar (2024–present)
    • Junta Leader – Min Aung Hlaing, Chairman of the State Administration Council (2021–present)
    • Prime Minister – Min Aung Hlaing, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2021–present)
  • National Unity Government (unrecognized, rival government)
    • President – Duwa Lashi La, Acting President of the National Unity Government (2021–present)
    • Prime Minister – Mahn Win Khaing Than, Prime Minister of the National Unity Government (2021–present)
•     Nepal
  • President – Ram Chandra Poudel, President of Nepal (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Pushpa Kamal Dahal, Prime Minister of Nepal (2022–2024)
    2. KP Sharma Oli, Prime Minister of Nepal (2024–present)
•   Oman
  • Monarch – Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, Sultan of Oman (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (2020–present)
•   Pakistan
  • President –
    1. Arif Alvi, President of Pakistan (2018–2024)
    2. Asif Ali Zardari, President of Pakistan (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Anwaar ul Haq Kakar, Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan (2023–2024)
    2. Shehbaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2024–present)
•   Palestine
  • Palestinian National Authority
    • President – Mahmoud Abbas, President of Palestine (2005–present)
    • Prime Minister –
    1. Mohammad Shtayyeh, Prime Minister of Palestine (2019–2024)
    2. Mohammad Mustafa, Prime Minister of Palestine (2024–present)
  • Hamas government in Gaza (unrecognized, rival government)
    • Party Leader –
    1. Ismail Haniyeh, Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau (2017–2024)
    2. Yahya Sinwar, Chairman of the Hamas Political Bureau (2024-present)
    • President – Aziz Dweik, Interim President of the Palestinian National Authority (2016–present)
    • Prime Minister – Issam al-Da’alis, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2021–present)
•   Philippines
  • President – Bongbong Marcos, President of the Philippines (2022–present)
•   Qatar
  • Monarch – Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (2013–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2023–present)
•   Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch – Salman, King of Saudi Arabia (2015–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mohammed bin Salman, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2022–present)
•   Singapore
  • President – Tharman Shanmugaratnam, President of Singapore (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–2024)
    2. Lawrence Wong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2024–present)
•   Sri Lanka
  • President –
    1. Ranil Wickremesinghe, President of Sri Lanka (2022–2024)
    2. Anura Kumara Dissanayake, President of Sri Lanka (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Dinesh Gunawardena, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2022–2024)
    2. Harini Amarasuriya, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2024–present)
• Syria
  •   Syrian Arab Republic
    • President – Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
    • Prime Minister – Hussein Arnous, Prime Minister of Syria (2020–present)
  • Syrian opposition
    •   Syrian National Coalition (partially recognised, rival government)
      • President – Hadi al-Bahra, President of the Syrian National Coalition (2023–present)
      • Prime Minister – Abdurrahman Mustafa, Prime Minister of the Syrian National Coalition (2019–present)
    •   Syrian Salvation Government (unrecognized, rival government)
      • Militant Leader – Abu Mohammad al-Julani, Commander-in-Chief of Tahrir al-Sham (2017–present) ^[4]
      • President – Mustafa al-Mousa, President of the General Shura Council (2020–present)
      • Prime Minister – Ali Keda, Prime Minister of the Syrian Salvation Government (2019–present)
•   Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President –
    1. Tsai Ing-wen, President of Taiwan (2016–2024)
    2. Lai Ching-te, President of Taiwan (2024–present)
  • Premier –
    1. Chen Chien-jen, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2023–2024)
    2. Cho Jung-tai, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2024–present)
•   Tajikistan
  • President – Emomali Rahmon, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister – Kokhir Rasulzoda, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (2013–present)
•   Thailand
  • Monarch – Vajiralongkorn, King of Thailand (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Srettha Thavisin, Prime Minister of Thailand (2023–2024)
    2. Phumtham Wechayachai, Acting Prime Minister of Thailand (2024)
    3. Paetongtarn Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2024–present)
•   Turkey
  • President – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, President of Turkey (2014–present)
•   Turkmenistan
  • National Leader – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan (2023–present) ^[5]
  • President – Serdar Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan (2022–present)
•   United Arab Emirates
  • President – Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
•   Uzbekistan
  • President – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of Uzbekistan (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister – Abdulla Aripov, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2016–present)
•   Vietnam
  • Communist Party Leader –
    1. Nguyễn Phú Trọng, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2011–2024)
    2. Tô Lâm, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2024-present)
  • President –
    1. Võ Văn Thưởng, President of Vietnam (2023–2024)
    2. Võ Thị Ánh Xuân, Acting President of Vietnam (2024)
    3. Tô Lâm, President of Vietnam (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Phạm Minh Chính, Prime Minister of Vietnam (2021–present)
•   Yemen
  • Presidential Leadership Council
    • President – Rashad al-Alimi, Chairman of the Presidential Leadership Council of Yemen (2022–present)
    • Prime Minister –
    1. Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed, Prime Minister of Yemen (2018–2024)
    2. Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak, Prime Minister of Yemen (2024–present)
  • Supreme Political Council (partially-recognized, rival government)
    • Militant Leader – Abdul-Malik al-Houthi, Leader of Ansar Allah (2015–present) ^{[lower-alpha 5] [6]}
    • President – Mahdi al-Mashat, Chairman of the Supreme Political Council of Yemen (2018–present)
    • Prime Minister – Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour, Prime Minister of Yemen (2016–present)

Europe

•   Abkhazia (partially recognised, secessionist state)
  • President – Aslan Bzhania, President of Abkhazia (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Aleksander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2020–present)
•   Albania
  • President – Bajram Begaj, President of Albania (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Edi Rama, Prime Minister of Albania (2013–present)
•   Andorra
  • Monarchs –
    • French Co-Prince – Emmanuel Macron, French Co-prince of Andorra (2017–present)
      • Co-Prince's Representative – Patrick Strzoda (2017–present)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince – Archbishop Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
      • Co-Prince's Representative – Josep Maria Mauri (2012–present)
  • Prime Minister – Xavier Espot Zamora, Head of Government of Andorra (2019–present)
•   Armenia
  • President – Vahagn Khachaturyan, President of Armenia (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nikol Pashinyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2018–present)
•   Austria
  • President – Alexander Van der Bellen, Federal President of Austria (2017–present)
  • Chancellor – Karl Nehammer, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2021–present)
•   Azerbaijan
  • President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ali Asadov, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2019–present)
• Belarus
  •   Republic of Belarus
    • President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
    • Prime Minister – Roman Golovchenko, Prime Minister of Belarus (2020–present)
  •   Coordination Council for the Transfer of Power (partially-recognized, exile government)
    • President – Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, President of the Coordination Council (2020–present)
    • Prime Minister – Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, Head of the United Transitional Cabinet (2022–present)
•   Belgium
  • Monarch – Philippe, King of the Belgians (2013–present)
  • Prime Minister – Alexander De Croo, Prime Minister of Belgium (2020–present)
•   Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Bosniak Member – Denis Bećirović (2022–present) Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2024–present)
    • Croat Member – Željko Komšić (2018–present)
    • Serb Member – Željka Cvijanović (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Borjana Krišto, Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2023–present)
  • High Representative – Christian Schmidt, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2021–present)
•   Bulgaria
  • President – Rumen Radev, President of Bulgaria (2017–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Nikolai Denkov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2023–2024)
    2. Dimitar Glavchev, Acting Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2024–present)
•   Croatia
  • President – Zoran Milanović, President of Croatia (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Andrej Plenković, Prime Minister of Croatia (2016–present)
•   Cyprus
  • President – Nikos Christodoulides, President of Cyprus (2023–present)
•   Czech Republic
  • President – Petr Pavel, President of the Czech Republic (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Petr Fiala, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2021–present)
•   Denmark
  • Monarch –
    1. Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–2024)
    2. Frederik X, King of Denmark (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mette Frederiksen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2019–present)
•   Estonia
  • President – Alar Karis, President of Estonia (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Kaja Kallas, Prime Minister of Estonia (2021–2024)
    2. Kristen Michal, Prime Minister of Estonia (2024–present)
•   Finland
  • President –
    1. Sauli Niinistö, President of Finland (2012–2024)
    2. Alexander Stubb, President of Finland (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Petteri Orpo, Prime Minister of Finland (2023–present)
•   France
  • President – Emmanuel Macron, President of France (2017–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Élisabeth Borne, Prime Minister of France (2022–2024)
    2. Gabriel Attal, Prime Minister of France (2024)
    3. Michel Barnier, Prime Minister of France (2024–present)
•   Georgia
  • President – Salome Zurabishvili, President of Georgia (2018–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Irakli Garibashvili, Prime Minister of Georgia (2021–2024)
    2. Irakli Kobakhidze, Prime Minister of Georgia (2024–present)
•   Germany
  • President – Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Federal President of Germany (2017–present)
  • Chancellor – Olaf Scholz, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2021–present)
•   Greece
  • President – Katerina Sakellaropoulou, President of Greece (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece (2023–present)
•   Hungary
  • President –
    1. Katalin Novák, President of Hungary (2022–2024)
    2. László Kövér, Acting President of Hungary (2024)
    3. Tamás Sulyok, President of Hungary (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Viktor Orbán, Prime Minister of Hungary (2010–present)
•   Iceland
  • President –
    1. Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, President of Iceland (2016–2024)
    2. Halla Tómasdóttir, President of Iceland (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Katrín Jakobsdóttir, Prime Minister of Iceland (2017–2024)
    2. Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2024–present)
•   Ireland
  • President – Michael D. Higgins, President of Ireland (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Leo Varadkar, Taoiseach of Ireland (2022–2024)
    2. Simon Harris, Taoiseach of Ireland (2024–present)
•   Italy
  • President – Sergio Mattarella, President of Italy (2015–present)
  • Prime Minister – Giorgia Meloni, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2022–present)
•   Kosovo (partially recognised, secessionist state; under nominal international administration) ^{[ disputed – discuss ]}
  • President – Vjosa Osmani, President of Kosovo (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Albin Kurti, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2021–present)
  • UN Special Representative – Zahir Tanin, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo (2015–present)
•   Latvia
  • President – Edgars Rinkēvičs, President of Latvia (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Evika Siliņa, Prime Minister of Latvia (2023–present)
•   Liechtenstein
  • Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Daniel Risch, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2021–present)
•   Lithuania
  • President – Gitanas Nausėda, President of Lithuania (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ingrida Šimonytė, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2020–present)
•   Luxembourg
  • Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Luc Frieden, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (2023–present)
•   Malta
  • President –
    1. George Vella, President of Malta (2019–2024)
    2. Myriam Spiteri Debono, President of Malta (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Robert Abela, Prime Minister of Malta (2020–present)
•   Moldova
  • President – Maia Sandu, President of Moldova (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dorin Recean, Prime Minister of Moldova (2023–present)
•   Monaco
  • Monarch – Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Pierre Dartout, Minister of State of Monaco (2020–2024)
    2. Didier Guillaume, Minister of State of Monaco (2024–present)
•   Montenegro
  • President – Jakov Milatović, President of Montenegro (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Milojko Spajić, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2023–present)
•   Netherlands
  • Monarch – Willem-Alexander, King of the Netherlands (2013–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mark Rutte, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2010–2024)
    2. Dick Schoof, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2024–present)
•   North Macedonia  
  • President –
    1. Stevo Pendarovski, President of North Macedonia (2019–2024)
    2. Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova, President of North Macedonia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Dimitar Kovačevski, President of the Government of North Macedonia (2022–2024)
    2. Talat Xhaferi, President of the Government of North Macedonia (2024)
    3. Hristijan Mickoski, President of the Government of North Macedonia (2024–present)
•   Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
  • President – Ersin Tatar, President of Northern Cyprus (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ünal Üstel, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2022–present)
•   Norway
  • Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jonas Gahr Støre, Prime Minister of Norway (2021–present)
•   Poland
  • President – Andrzej Duda, President of Poland (2015–present)
  • Prime Minister – Donald Tusk, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2023–present)
•   Portugal
  • President – Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, President of Portugal (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. António Costa, Prime Minister of Portugal (2015–2024)
    2. Luís Montenegro, Prime Minister of Portugal (2024–present)
•   Romania
  • President – Klaus Iohannis, President of Romania (2014–present)
  • Prime Minister – Marcel Ciolacu, Prime Minister of Romania (2023–present)
•   Russia
  • President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (2012–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mikhail Mishustin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2020–present)
•   San Marino
  • Captains-Regent –
    1. Filippo Tamagnini and Gaetano Troina, Captains Regent of San Marino (2023–2024)
    2. Alessandro Rossi and Milena Gasperoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (2024)
    3. Francesca Civerchia and Dalibor Riccardi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2024–present)
•   Serbia
  • President – Aleksandar Vučić, President of Serbia (2017–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ana Brnabić, Prime Minister of Serbia (2017–2024)
    2. Ivica Dačić, Acting Prime Minister of Serbia (2024)
    3. Miloš Vučević, Prime Minister of Serbia (2024–present)
•   Slovakia
  • President –
    1. Zuzana Čaputová, President of Slovakia (2019–2024)
    2. Peter Pellegrini, President of Slovakia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2023–present)
•   Slovenia
  • President – Nataša Pirc Musar, President of Slovenia (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Robert Golob, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2022–present)
•   South Ossetia (partially recognised, secessionist state)
  • President – Alan Gagloev, President of South Ossetia (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Konstantin Dzhussoev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2022–present)
•   Spain
  • Monarch – Felipe VI, King of Spain (2014–present)
  • Prime Minister – Pedro Sánchez, President of the Government of Spain (2018–present)
•   Sweden
  • Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ulf Kristersson, Prime Minister of Sweden (2022–present)
•    Switzerland
  • Council – Federal Council of Switzerland   ^{[lower-alpha 6]}
    • Members – Guy Parmelin (2016–present), Ignazio Cassis (2017–present), Viola Amherd (2019–present; President of Switzerland, 2024–present), Karin Keller-Sutter (2019–present), Élisabeth Baume-Schneider (2023–present), Albert Rösti (2023–present) and Beat Jans (2024–present)
•   Transnistria (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  • President – Vadim Krasnoselsky, President of Transnistria (2016–present)
  • Prime Minister – Aleksandr Rozenberg, Prime Minister of Transnistria (2022–present)
•   Ukraine
  • President – Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Denys Shmyhal, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2020–present)
•   United Kingdom
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of the United Kingdom (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Rishi Sunak, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2022–2024)
    2. Keir Starmer, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2024–present)
•   Vatican City
  • Monarch – Pope Francis, Sovereign of Vatican City (2013–present)
  • Head of Government – Cardinal Fernando Vérgez Alzaga, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (2021–present)
  • Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
    • Secretary of State – Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Cardinal Secretary of State (2013–present)

North America

•   Antigua and Barbuda
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Antigua and Barbuda (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Rodney Williams, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (2014–present)
  • Prime Minister – Gaston Browne, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2014–present)
•   The Bahamas
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of the Bahamas (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Cynthia A. Pratt, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Philip Davis, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2021–present)
•   Barbados
  • President – Dame Sandra Mason, President of Barbados (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mia Mottley, Prime Minister of Barbados (2018–present)
•   Belize
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Belize (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Froyla Tzalam, Governor-General of Belize (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Johnny Briceño, Prime Minister of Belize (2020–present)
•   Canada
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Canada (2022–present)
  • Governor General – Mary Simon, Governor General of Canada (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (2015–present)
•   Costa Rica
  • President – Rodrigo Chaves Robles, President of Costa Rica (2022–present)
•   Cuba
  • Communist Party Leader – Miguel Díaz-Canel, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (2021–present)
  • President – Miguel Díaz-Canel, President of Cuba ^{[lower-alpha 7]} (2018–present)
  • Prime Minister – Manuel Marrero Cruz, Prime Minister (2019–present)
•   Dominica
  • President – Sylvanie Burton, President of Dominica (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
•   Dominican Republic
  • President – Luis Abinader, President of the Dominican Republic (2020–present)
•   El Salvador
  • President – Nayib Bukele, President of El Salvador (2019–present)
    • Claudia Rodríguez de Guevara, Acting President of El Salvador (2023–2024)
•   Grenada
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Grenada (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Cécile La Grenade, Governor-General of Grenada (2013–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dickon Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (2022–present)
•   Guatemala
  • President –
    1. Alejandro Giammattei, President of Guatemala (2020–2024)
    2. Bernardo Arévalo, President of Guatemala (2024–present)
•   Haiti
  • President –
    1. Ariel Henry, Acting President of Haiti (2021–2024)
    2. Edgard Leblanc Fils, President of the Transitional Presidential Council (2024)
    3. Leslie Voltaire, President of the Transitional Presidential Council (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ariel Henry, Acting Prime Minister of Haiti (2021–2024)
    2. Michel Patrick Boisvert, Acting Prime Minister of Haiti (2024)
    3. Garry Conille, Acting Prime Minister of Haiti (2024–present)
•   Honduras
  • President – Xiomara Castro, President of Honduras (2022–present)
•   Jamaica
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Jamaica (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen, Governor-General of Jamaica (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Andrew Holness, Prime Minister of Jamaica (2016–present)
•   Mexico
  • President –
    1. Andrés Manuel López Obrador, President of Mexico (2018–2024)
    2. Claudia Sheinbaum, President of Mexico (2024–present)
•   Nicaragua
  • President – Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (2007–present)
•   Panama
  • President –
    1. Laurentino Cortizo, President of Panama (2019–2024)
    2. José Raúl Mulino, President of Panama (2024–present)
•   Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Marcella Liburd, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Terrance Drew, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (2022–present)
•   Saint Lucia
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Lucia (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Errol Charles, Acting Governor-General of Saint Lucia (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Philip Pierre, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2021–present)
•   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Susan Dougan, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2019–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)
•   Trinidad and Tobago
  • President – Christine Kangaloo, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2023–present)
  • Prime Minister – Keith Rowley, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2015–present)
•   United States
  • President – Joe Biden, President of the United States (2021–present)

Oceania

•   Australia
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Australia (2022–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. David Hurley, Governor-General of Australia (2019–2024)
    2. Sam Mostyn, Governor-General of Australia (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister – Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister of Australia (2022–present)
•   Fiji
  • President – Ratu Wiliame Katonivere, President of Fiji (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sitiveni Rabuka, Prime Minister of Fiji (2022–present)
•   Kiribati
  • President – Taneti Mamau, President of Kiribati (2016–present)
•   Marshall Islands
  • President –
    1. David Kabua, President of the Marshall Islands (2020–2024)
    2. Hilda Heine, President of the Marshall Islands (2024–present)
•   Micronesia
  • President – Wesley Simina, President of Micronesia (2023–present)
•   Nauru
  • President – David Adeang, President of Nauru (2023–present)
•   New Zealand
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of New Zealand (2022–present)
  • Governor General – Dame Cindy Kiro, Governor-General of New Zealand (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister – Christopher Luxon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2023–present)
•   Palau
  • President – Surangel Whipps Jr., President of Palau (2021–present)
•   Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Papua New Guinea (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Bob Dadae, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2017–present)
  • Prime Minister – James Marape, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2019–present)
•   Samoa
  • Head of State – Tuimalealiʻifano Vaʻaletoʻa Sualauvi II, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (2017–present)
  • Prime Minister – Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa, Prime Minister of Samoa (2021–present)
•   Solomon Islands
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Solomon Islands (2022–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Sir David Vunagi, Governor-General of Solomon Islands (2019–2024)
    2. David Tiva Kapu, Governor-General of Solomon Islands (2024–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Manasseh Sogavare, Prime Minister of Solomon Islands (2019–2024)
    2. Jeremiah Manele, Prime Minister of Solomon Islands (2024–present)
•   Tonga
  • Monarch – Tupou VI, King of Tonga (2012–present)
  • Prime Minister – Siaosi Sovaleni, Prime Minister of Tonga (2021–present)
•   Tuvalu
  • Monarch – Charles III, King of Tuvalu (2022–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Tofiga Vaevalu Falani, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2021–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Kausea Natano, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2019–2024)
    2. Feleti Teo, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2024–present)
•   Vanuatu
  • President – Nikenike Vurobaravu, President of Vanuatu (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister – Charlot Salwai, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2023–present)

South America

•   Argentina
  • President – Javier Milei, President of Argentina (2023–present)
•   Bolivia
  • President – Luis Arce, President of Bolivia (2020–present)
•   Brazil
  • President – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2023–present)
•   Chile
  • President – Gabriel Boric, President of Chile (2022–present)
•   Colombia
  • President – Gustavo Petro, President of Colombia (2022–present)
•   Ecuador
  • President – Daniel Noboa, President of Ecuador (2023–present)
•   Guyana
  • President – Irfaan Ali, President of Guyana (2020–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mark Phillips, Prime Minister of Guyana (2020–present)
•   Paraguay
  • President – Santiago Peña, President of Paraguay (2023–present)
•   Peru
  • President – Dina Boluarte, President of Peru (2022–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Alberto Otárola, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2022–2024)
    2. Gustavo Adrianzén, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2024–present)
•   Suriname
  • President – Chan Santokhi, President of Suriname (2020–present)
•   Uruguay
  • President – Luis Lacalle Pou, President of Uruguay (2020–present)
•   Venezuela
  • Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
    • President – Nicolás Maduro, President of Venezuela (2013–present)
  • 2015 National Assembly (partially recognised, exile government)
    • President – Dinorah Figuera, President of the National Assembly (2023–present)

See also

• List of current heads of state and government
• List of national power transfers in 2024

Notes

1. As President of the Transitional Military Council from 2021 to 2022
2. Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
3. Brunei only became independent in 1984.
4. Kim was referred to as supreme leader in 2011, and then appointed as First Chairman of the National Defence Commission in 2012 and Chairman of the State Affairs Commission in 2016 —having been de facto leader of North Korea throughout.
5. Leader of Ansar Allah as an insurgency since 2004, until the successful takeover in 2015
6. The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is head of state and government collectively. Within this executive council, the president serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
7. Titled President of the Council of State until 10 October 2019.

References

1. Between 12 April 2019 and 21 August 2019 Burhan was titled as Chairman of the Transitional Military Council, between 20 August 2019 and 25 October 2021 as Chairman of the Sovereignty Council and between 25 October 2021 and 11 November 2021 was Head of state de facto.
2. Title changed from Chairman to General Secretary on 10 January 2021.
3. Title changed from Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly to Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly in 2021.
4. "Syria's Idlib enclave: how does it work?". Agence France-Presse . Beirut, Lebanon. France 24. 28 June 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2023. The head of the Salvation Government is [the prime minister], who assumed his post late last year, but the region's strongman is HTS chief Abu Mohammed al-Jolani.
5. "Turkmenistan's president expands his father's power". Associated Press . Ashgabat. 22 January 2023. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
6. Nasser, Afrah (18 December 2022). "'Republic of fear': A return to Yemen after 11 years". Al Jazeera . Retrieved 22 December 2022.

External links

• CIDOB Foundation (in Spanish)—contextualised biographies of world political leaders
• Portale Storia (in Spanish)—a list of current rulers by country
• Rulers —a list of rulers throughout time and places
• WorldStatesmen —an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories