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Paralympic football consists of adaptations of the sport of association football for athletes with a physical disability. These sports are typically played using International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) rules, with modifications to the field of play, equipment, numbers of players, and other rules as required to make the game suitable for the athletes
The two most prominent versions of Paralympic football are 5-a-side football for athletes with visual impairments, and 7-a-side football for athletes with cerebral palsy.
5-a-side football, also known as blind futsal and blind football, is an adaptation of football for athletes with visual impairments including blindness. The sport, governed by the International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA), is played with modified FIFA rules. The field of play is smaller, and is surrounded by boards. Teams are reduced to five players, including the goalkeeper, per team. Teams may also use one guide, who is positioned off the field of play, to assist in directing players. The ball is equipped with a noise-making device to allow players to locate it by sound. Matches consist of two 20-minute halves, with a ten-minute break at half-time.
Football 5-a-side players are assigned to one of three sport classes based on their level of visual impairment:
Teams are permitted to use sighted athletes as goalkeepers and guides; sighted goalkeepers cannot have been registered with FIFA for at least five years.
Two types of competition exist. For Class B1 games, only athletes with sport class B1 are permitted as players, with the exception of the goalkeepers and the guides, who may be class B2, B3, or sighted. For Class B2/B3 games, teams can field players in sport classes B2 and B3; at least two B2 players must be on the field at all times.
5-a-side football in Europe was developed in Spain. The first Spanish national championships took place in Spain in 1986. In South America, there are records of a Brazilian Tournament organized in 1980. European and American Championships took place in 1997, followed by the first World Championships in 1998. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games in 2004.
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details | Campinas | Brazil | 1–0 | Argentina | Spain | 2–0 | Colombia | 6 | |||
2000 Details | Jerez | Brazil | 3–0 | Argentina | Spain | 4–0 | Greece | 8 | |||
2002 Details | Rio de Janeiro | Argentina | 4–2 | Spain | Brazil | 2–0 | Colombia | 9 | |||
2006 Details | Buenos Aires | Argentina | 1–0 | Brazil | Paraguay | 2–1 | Spain | 8 | |||
2010 Details | Hereford | Brazil | 2–0 | Spain | China | 1–0 | England | 10 | |||
2014 Details | Tokyo | Brazil | 1–0 | Argentina | Spain | 0–0 (pen. 2–0) | China | 12 | |||
2018 Details | Madrid | Brazil | 2–0 | Argentina | China | 2–1 | Russia | 16 |
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 Details | Campinas | Belarus | 3–2 | Spain | Italy | 9–2 | Argentina | 6 | |||
2002 Details | Varese | Belarus | 14–2 | Russia | Spain | 3–2 | Brazil | 12 | |||
2013 Details | Miyagi | Russia | 1–0 (aet) | Ukraine | England | 14–0 | Japan | 4 | |||
2017 Details | Cagliari | Ukraine | 3–0 | England | Russia | 2–2 (pen. 2–1) | Spain | 8 |
Men's B1
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details | São Paulo | Brazil | 2–0 | Argentina | Spain | 0–0(1-0 in Penalty) | Japan | 4 | |||
2011 Details | Antalya | Iran | 3–0 | France | China | 3–0 | England | 7 | |||
2015 Details | Seoul | Argentina | 2–1 | United Kingdom | Spain | 1–0 | China | 9 |
Men's B2/B3
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2007 Details | São Paulo | Belarus | 1–1(3-2 in Penalty) | Ukraine | Spain | 4–0 | Brazil | 4 | |||
2011 Details | Antalya | Belarus | 5–1 | Ukraine | Spain | 7–4 | England | 9 | |||
2015 Details | Seoul | Ukraine | 3–1 | Spain | Italy | 2–1 | Japan | 5 |
Until 2017 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2005 Details | Ho Chi Minh City | Japan | Round Robin | South Korea | Vietnam | Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2007 Details | Seoul | China | 3–0 | South Korea | Iran | 1–0 | Japan | 4 | |||
2009 Details | Tokyo | China | 2–0 | Japan | South Korea | 0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | Iran | 5 | |||
2011 Details | Sendai | China | 1–0 | Iran | Japan | 2–0 | South Korea | 4 | |||
2013 Details | Beijing | China | 0–0 (3-2 in Penalty) | Japan | South Korea | Round Robin | none | 3 | |||
2015 Details | Tokyo | Iran | 0–0 (1-0 in Penalty) | China | South Korea | 0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | Japan | 6 | |||
2017 Details | Kuala Lumpur | China | 2–0 | Iran | Thailand | 2–0 | South Korea | 6 |
Until 2014 only in Men's B1 (not Women's and not Men's B2/B3)
Year | Venue | Winners | Score | Runners-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2010 Details | Guangzhou | China | 1–0 | Iran | South Korea | 0–0 (2-1 in Penalty) | Japan | 5 | |||
2014 Details | Incheon | Iran | Round Robin | Japan | China | Round Robin | South Korea | 5 |
7-a-side football is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. The sport is governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). The sport is played with modified FIFA rules. Among the modifications are a reduced field of play, a reduction in the number of players, elimination of the offside rule, and permission for one-handed throw-ins. Matches consist of two thirty-minute halves, with a fifteen-minute half-time break.
Players competing in 7-a-side football are given a sport class based on their level of disability. Eligible classes are:
Teams must field at least one class C5 or C6 player at all times. No more than one players of class C8 are permitted to play at the same time.
International competition in 7-a-side football began at the 1978 CP-ISRA International Games in Edinburgh, Scotland. The sport was added to the Summer Paralympic Games at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in New York City, U.S., and has been played at every Summer Games until 2016 Summer Paralympics.
The Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) is an international sports and recreation association for cerebral palsy and related neurological conditions. CPISRA organise recreational opportunities, develop adaptive sports and organise sport events for people with Cerebral Palsy and related neurological conditions. CPISRA was formed in 1969. It is made up of worldwide members and a community of volunteers including an advisory board, specialist committees and networks.
Cerebral palsy sport classification is a classification system used by sports that include people with cerebral palsy (CP) with different degrees of severity to compete fairly against each other and against others with different types of disabilities. In general, Cerebral Palsy-International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA) serves as the body in charge of classification for cerebral palsy sport, though some sports have their own classification systems which apply to CP sportspeople.
Singapore national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Singapore that represents the team in international competitions. Singapore has participated in a number of international tournaments, but never the Paralympic Games.
Mexico national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Mexico that represents the team in international competitions. The country has never participated at the Paralympics.
Finland national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Finland that represents the team in international competitions. Finland has participated in a number of international tournaments, but never the Paralympic Games. At the 2011 IFCPF World Championships, the team finished fifteenth in a sixteen deep field.
Spain national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Spain that represents the team in international competitions. The team has participated in the Paralympic Games and the IFCPF World Championships. Their best finish in their three Paralympic Games appearances was a bronze medal at the 1996 Summer Paralympics.
Japan national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Japan that represents the team in international competitions. The team has been active in recent years, and was ranked 16th in the world in 2016. At the 2015 IFCPF World Championships, they finished fifteenth. At the 2014 Asian Para Games, they finished second. Japan has never competed at the Paralympic Games.
Canada national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Canada that represents the team in international competitions. Canada has participated in a number of international tournaments and IFCPF World Championships. In the most recent edition they finished 10th, after losing their placement match to Scotland in extra time. They have appeared in one Paralympic Games, 1984.
Netherlands national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for the Netherlands that represents the team in international competitions. The team has participated in every Paralympic Games since the sport made its debut in 1988, winning gold medals in 1988, 1992 and 1996. At the most recent IFCPF World Championships in 2015, they finished fourth. They had first-place finishes at the World Championships in 1986, 1990 and 1994.
Ireland national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Ireland that represents the team in international competitions. They have participated in several Paralympic Games and World Championships. They have won two bronze medals and a silver at the Paralympics. Their best finish at the World Championships was first at the 1982 edition in Denmark.
The Argentina national cerebral palsy football team is the national football team that represents Argentina in international competitions. The team is managed by the "Argentine Cerebral Palsy Football Federation" Spanish: Federación Argentina de Fútbol de Parálisis Cerebral (FAFPC). Their best world ranking sixth and their lowest was ninth. Argentina has competed at both the IFCPF World Championships and the Paralympic Games, but has never finished in the medals in either event.
Brazil national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Brazil that represents the team in international competitions. The team has been active internationally, and was ranked third in the world in 2016. At the 2015 IFCPF World Championships, they came away with a bronze. This was an improvement on 2011 when they finished fourth. Their best ever finish was second at the 2003 World Championships. Appearing at multiple Paralympic Games, Brazil won silver in 2004 and bronze in 2008.
Russia national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Russia that represents the team in international competitions. The team has participated at multiple Paralympic Games, winning gold in the 2000 and 2012 editions. Russia won the IFCPF World Championships in 1998, 2007, 2011 and 2015.
Ukraine national cerebral palsy football team is the national cerebral football team for Ukraine that represents the team in international competitions. The country has appeared at the Paralympic Games in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012 where they have medaled each time. At the 2015 IFCPF World Championships, Ukraine finished second. This bettered the 2011 edition where they finished third.
The International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football (IFCPF) is the world governing body for cerebral palsy football. It was founded in January 2015, when the governance of the sport transferred from the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA) to the IFCPF. It is a member organization, with members from five different continental zones. The IFCPF has relationships with other international association football sporting bodies. It organizes tournaments for the sport, and is in charge of Paralympic Games inclusion and participation. The IFCPF is a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) signatory, and international footballers may be subject to out-of-competition doping controls.
Cerebral palsy football, also called 7-a-side football or formerly Paralympic football, is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury. From 1978 to 2014, cerebral palsy football was governed by the Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA). In January 2015, governance of the sport was taken over by the International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football, under the umbrella of Para Football.
Football 7-a-side at the 2001 CPISRA World Games was held in Nottingham at the Harvey Hadden Stadium from 19 July to 29 July. Football 7-a-side is played by athletes with cerebral palsy, a condition characterized by impairment of muscular coordination, stroke, or traumatic brain injury (TBI).
The 2003 CPISRA Football 7-a-side World Championships was the world championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Argentina from 8 to 22 October 2003.
The Cerebral Palsy Games are a multi-sport competition for athletes with a disability, which under the former name of the International Stoke Mandeville Games were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games. The competition has been formerly known as the International Cerebral Palsy Games or the Stoke Mandeville Games. Since the 1990s the Games are organized by the organisation Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CPISRA), so they called also CPISRA World Games.
The 2014 CPISRA Football 7-a-side American Cup was an American championship for men's national 7-a-side association football teams. CPISRA stands for Cerebral Palsy International Sports & Recreation Association. Athletes with a physical disability competed. The Championship took place in Canada from 19 to 26 September 2015.
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