Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area

Last updated
Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area
Quiniscoe lake.jpg
Quiniscoe Lake of the Cathedral Lakes
Canada British Columbia (no subdivisions) location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area in British Columbia
Location Okanagan-Similkameen, British Columbia, Canada
Nearest town Princeton, British Columbia
Area33,272 hectares (Park)
82,217 acres (Park)
353 hectares (Protected Area)
872 acres (Protected Area)
Established1968
Governing body BC Parks
Website bcparks.ca/explore/parkpgs/cathedral/ OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area

Cathedral Provincial Park and Protected Area, usually known as Cathedral Provincial Park and also as Cathedral Park, is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is located east of E.C. Manning Provincial Park, south of BC Highway 3, and southeast of the town of Princeton, and southwest of Keremeos. Its southern boundary is the border with the United States. Much of the park is the basin of the Ashnola River. Cathedral Park is home to teal sub-alpine lakes, vast ridges and jarred peaks, old-growth forests, and rock formations of siltstone, granodiorite, and basalt. [2] Hikers can scramble along various peaks such as the 8000-foot Grimface Mountain and Lakeview Mountain. Tourists flock to Smokey the Bear and Stone City because of their unique formations with incredible views formed by millennia of erosion, volcanic and tectonic activity, and glacial recession. [3]

Contents

The park has a mixed history of use from Indigenous Peoples and a variety of endemic species, as well as resource extraction, including forestry and recreational use such as hiking, camping, and fishing. Today the park primarily serves the purpose of facilitating recreation as a "Class A" provincial park. Climate change poses a threat to the park due to recent wildfires. The future of the park depends on the management of these issues and more.

History

The park gets its name from Cathedral Mountain, near the international border. [4] The peak was named in 1901 by Carl and George Smith on a United States Geological Survey expedition, who are believed to be the first to have ascended the summit. [5] The original area of Cathedral Provincial Park was established on May 2, 1968, with an area of 7,372 hectares (18,216 acres). [6] This park ran in a narrow north–south corridor along Lakeview Creek from the Ashnola River in the North to the international boundary. The park included the Cathedral Lakes area. After a lengthy consultation process with local interest groups, industry, and researchers, the park was expanded to have boundaries that roughly matched natural boundaries. [6] [7] This expanded the park to an area of roughly 33,000 hectares (82,000 acres), with the Ashnola River forming the Western and Northern boundaries of the park and Ewart Creek forming the Eastern boundary, with certain exceptions for existing mineral claims. [8] On April 18, 2001, the contiguous conservation area protected was expanded with the establishment of the 25,889 hectares (63,970 acres) Snowy Protected Area. [9]

Cultural history

Cathedral Provincial Park is rich with culture and heritage from both European and Indigenous peoples. The park lies on the traditional homeland of the Nlaka'pamux and Syilx, now colonially known as the Okanagan. [10] Prior to settlement, the Syilx peoples moved nomadically, following the natural migrations and different land uses of the earth throughout seasons. This brought Indigenous peoples through the lands of Cathedral Park for the rich hunting and foraging of the area, a transient lifestyle shared by all First Nations in the area. [11] The park was established by Europeans in the late 1960s, but evidence from the Ministry of Forests reveals horseback trails dating back to the 1930s. [10] The Ministry of Forests also discusses early settlement and tourism, and the development of cabins and 4x4 roads throughout the park. These were followed by the first lodge in 1970. [10]

Resource extractions

Before its designation as a protected area, Cathedral Provincial Park and its surroundings were exposed to resource extraction activities. As in many other regions, timber harvesting, in particular, played a significant role in the local economy. Several logging companies operated within the area, impacting the forest ecosystems. [12] This caused habitat disruption, fragmentation, soil erosion, and changes in hydrology. The historic resource extraction and its ecological consequences presumably influenced the decision to protect Cathedral Provincial Park, aiming to preserve its natural beauty from further degradation. [13]

Since the park's establishment in 1968, recreation use and development have evolved in line with the original intent to maintain the Park’s natural qualities for public enjoyment and recreation. [7] In 1975, an Interim Policy Statement was prepared to provide guidelines for the development and management of the Park. Several management concerns or issues were identified in this Policy Statement, remaining and revolving around fundamental problems of balancing park development and use while maintaining the Parks resource values and wilderness atmosphere and minimizing friction between potentially conflicting recreation interests. [7]

Recreation

The park is home to front-country vehicle-accessible camping as well as back-country camping. There are multiple day-use areas in the park. Accommodation is provided within the park at the Cathedral Lakes Lodge. There are no public roads within the park itself. The park is connected to E. C. Manning Provincial Park by the Centennial Trail from Osoyoos to Simon Fraser University. [14] Though it has not been maintained recently and no longer appears on maps of Manning Park.[ citation needed ]

Endemic species

Sonora skipper

The Sonora skipper is a butterfly with a tiny wingspan of 25–30 mm. [15] It is light brown in color and has spots on its tail. The Sonora Skipper typically resides in moist, mesic grassy meadows as its preferred habitat. [15] However, the area in which they live can also include, forest openings, clear-cuts and logged areas, and roadside areas [15] These habitats are located in a small section of the Okanogan area in British Columbia, which is only about 2092 km2, but still includes Cathedral Lakes Provincial Park. [15] The population that was recorded in this area was tiny. In the Ashnola River area which includes Cathedral Lakes Provincial Park only 51 individuals were observed during the time of 1906 to 2012. [15] There were just 2 Sonora Skippers counted in the entire 2012 year in the Ashnola River area. [15] The Sonora Skipper has many threats in the wild. The threats can be natural such as fire and flooding and unnatural causes such as destruction of habitat or invasive species introduction. [15] All of these things contribute to the low population in the Cathedral Provincial Park area. Sonora skippers are not classified as endangered or threatened globally. Sonora skippers don't have any major human threats, just removal from habitat caused by logging.[ citation needed ]

Mountain goats

A local Mountain Goat at Cathedral Park Mountain goat at cathedral park.JPG
A local Mountain Goat at Cathedral Park

Mountain goats are a species that like to live in high alpine areas, capable of climbing vertical rocks. [16] Which is ideal because Cathedral Park is very mountainous. Mountain Goats can be found all across the world in strong, healthy populations, however, they have a strong chance of expiration in British Columbia. [16] In Southern British Columbia near where Cathedral Provincial Park is located, the population is the most at risk because, they have a tiny population size. [16] In 2006 a study was done where Mountain Goat populations were estimated at, 200 - 300 individuals in the whole Okanagan area. [16] Not just in Cathedral Provincial Park. Mountain goats have numerous threats which include, historical over harvest, climate change causing reduced habitat, and negative impacts from recreation. [16] In Cathedral Provincial Park they are of special concern because of the large amounts of people in the area, leading to human-goat conflict. [16] The population around the Cathedral Provincial Park area is not well understood because, for a couple of decades, data collection has not happened. [16] However, the population is estimated to be around, 24 - 28 goats. [16] There are a few reasons for the low populations however, human interactions and helicopters are a couple of the main ones. The reason for all the human and goat interactions is that goats can become aggressive and charge people at the park over salt resources. [17] Salt is vital to, goat ecology, and goats will usually ingest sodium from mineral lick sites. [17] In Cathedral Provincial Park, goats have been spotted looking for salt near the campgrounds, which is often where humans are present. [17] In the Park, goats force visitors to move around them by standing their ground. [17] The conflicts that come with these interactions have caused, death or injury to humans and or wildlife. [17] Helicopters also bring many issues to the goat population. Helicopters regularly fly over Cathedral Provincial Park mainly in the months for helicopter training which is the spring and winter time. [17] Whenever helicopters fly over the park goats do not behave well to the flying which causes a loud disturbance. [17] The behavior that occurs when a helicopter is nearby may include, increased movements or a shift from the habitat in which they prefer to live in. [17] In other words with the consistent flying of helicopters above the park, many mountain goats may have been displaced from their habitat which is why the population is so low in the area. Mountain Goats are also not classified as endangered or threatened globally. Mountain goats have a small effect on the mountainous landscape where they live. Mountain goats can destroy small plants such as flowers and shrubs as they walk and when they eat. Mountain goats eat mountain mahogany, shrubs, conifers, sedges, rushes, mosses, lichens, and grasses. [18]

Fauna

A Mule Deer Mule deer feeding (Odocoileus hemionus).jpg
A Mule Deer

Other animals that can be found in the park that are not at risk include California Bighorn sheep, mule deer, porcupines, and Columbia ground squirrels. [4] California Bighorn sheep have a compact body that is muscular, with brown fur with white on the muzzle and belly. [19] The average weight of these animals is about 160 to 250 pounds. [19] In order to stay alive from predators, bighorn sheep have abilities to climb the vertical rocks akin to mountain goats. [19] Bighorn sheep live in the western mountainous regions of North America. [19] However, bighorn sheep no longer live in many areas of the Okanagan because their habitat has been lost over time. [20]

Flora

Some plants that are commonly found in Cathedral Provincial Park include Douglas firs and Black Cottonwood trees. [21] Douglas firs are evergreen trees. There are two varieties of this species, coast Douglas fir and Rocky Mountain Douglas fir, which are differentiated by their habitats and physical characteristics. Rocky Mountain Douglas firs are the inland trees that live in Cathedral Provincial Park. They are much more tolerant of cold than the coastal Douglas fir, which is suited to moist, mild climates on the west coast. The population of these trees is in good numbers. [22]

Black cottonwood is a medium- to large-sized broad-leaved tree. Many kinds of wildlife use the foliage, twigs, and buds for food. The wood is light and soft and it can be used for lumber and pulp. Cottonwoods live in cool and wet climates such as Cathedral Provincial Park. [23]

Climate change and ecological impacts

Cathedral Park landscape Hiking cathedral park.jpg
Cathedral Park landscape

Cathedral Park is a unique environment in British Columbia as it is a part of the Okanagan Range, in a distinct section of the Cascade Mountains. The Okanagan Range consists of a uniquely dry climate and a particular geological makeup. [24] The park contains four bio-geoclimatic zones: interior mountain-heather alpine, Engelmann, Interior Douglas-fir, and Spruce-Subalpine Fir. [6] [25]

Cathedral Provincial Park, like many natural areas worldwide, faces the challenges of climate change. While specific predictions for this park may vary, some general trends associated with climate change include temperature increase, altered precipitation patterns, heightened wildfire risks, changes in snowpack and glacier melt, and shifts in the timing of biological events for plants and wildfire. [3] Park management authorities and conservation organizations are likely actively monitoring and responding to these changes to ensure the long-term health of the park's ecosystem. [3] Forest fires have played a key role in creating a diverse mosaic of vegetation over the park's landscape. In contrast, forest health issues have also affected ecosystem dynamics with significant tree die-offs in specific proportions of the park. [13]

Park goals

The primary goal driving the creation of Cathedral Provincial Park was that of the preservation of the natural environment for the public’s use for recreation of the Cathedral Lakes and the Ashnola River drainage. [6] The original park boundaries were focused on the lakes and nearby mountain peaks. [6] Maintaining the park’s focus on being a pristine, natural, and accessible recreational area has been the driving force in managing the park’s uses since its inception. [24] The three aspects of the park that managers sought to enhance were the natural environment, like maintaining access to the whole public rather than just outdoor specialists; intensive use, including making it accessible to activities like fishing and camping; and wilderness for more involved outdoor activities like backpacking that are completely isolated. [24]                          

Today Cathedral Provincial Park exists as a "Class A" provincial park that garners the highest protection available to a provincial park under Bill 174, the same as when it was officially declared a provincial park in 1968. [24] [26] These protections include only allowing new resource extraction in the park without approval by the Minister of Environment and Climate Change that would ultimately leave the recreational use of the park unchanged. [26]

Future

Cathedral Provincial Park has not had a new master plan since 1989, although a new master plan is being worked on that aims to be completed and approved by the end of 2023. [27] Issues that are present include, modifying recreational facilities to have less of an impact on the surrounding environment, increasing capacity, reduction in wildfire risk, First Nations collaboration, and human impact on the local wildlife. [27] While resource development has been allowed in the past and the use of the area has an impact on the local ecology, the natural beauty of the overall park persists. [24] [25]

A view from Quiniscoe Peak in Cathedral Provincial Park ViewFromQuiniscoePeak 1200W.jpg
A view from Quiniscoe Peak in Cathedral Provincial Park

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

Tatshenshini-Alsek Park or Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Wilderness Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. The park is 9,580 km2 (3,700 sq mi) in size. It was established in 1993 after an intensive campaign by Canadian and American conservation organizations to halt mining exploration and development in the area, and protect the area for its strong natural heritage and biodiversity values.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Okanagan Mountain Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

Okanagan Mountain Provincial Park is a provincial park within the Okanagan-Similkameen Regional District of British Columbia, Canada, focused on the mountain of the same name and located on the east side of Okanagan Lake, opposite Peachland and immediately south of the City of Kelowna. The park is one of the largest in the area, covering 110.38 square kilometres (42.62 sq mi). Most of the park is only accessible by foot, horseback, bicycle, or boat as motor vehicle access is restricted to BC Parks staff and technicians servicing the three telecommunications towers in the park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tsʼilʔos Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

Tsʼilʔos Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. Tsʼilʔos is the official BC Parks designation for this provincial park, though sometimes it is written as "Tsʼil-os", "Tsʼyl-os", or "Tsylos". The "ʔ" in the name represents a glottal stop.

Graystokes Provincial Park is a provincial park located on the border between the regional districts of Central Okanagan and North Okanagan in south-central British Columbia. It was established on 18 April 2001 to protect a large area of the ecologically diverse Okanagan Highland east of the Okanagan Valley.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located around Mount Assiniboine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Myra-Bellevue Provincial Park</span> Park in British Columbia

Myra-Bellevue Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located in the Okanagan Highland east of Kelowna. It was established to protect the full elevational range of the North Okanagan Basin and North Okanagan Highlands ecosections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

Northern Rocky Mountains Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada. It is located in the north-eastern part of the province, 90 km south-west from Fort Nelson and it is bordered to the north by the Alaska Highway. Access is mostly done by boat, aircraft, on horseback or by hiking.

Spatsizi Plateau Wilderness Provincial Park is located in the northern portion of British Columbia, Canada, approximately 698, 659 hectares and encompasses the Spatsizi River and Gladys Lake Ecological Reserve. The park is a designated protected area that is intended for the conservation and research on caribou, grizzly bears, fish, and other wildlife species populations. Before the provincial park's establishment in 1975, the area was a historical hunting ground for local Indigenous communities like the Tahltan First Nations. It is the second largest provincial park in British Columbia.

Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park is a provincial park covering parts of the eastern Kitimat Ranges, northern Pacific Ranges, and the Rainbow Range in British Columbia, Canada. It was established on May 21, 1938 in the western interior of the province, to protect its important natural features. The park hosts a variety of recreation activities for visitors. This park encompasses a range of diverse species in this park including bears, moose, and various fish. There are also a few at risk species in this park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vaseux Lake</span> Lake in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada

Vaseux Lake is a shallow freshwater lake located along the course of the Okanagan River in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cascade Mountains leeward forests</span> Temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in North America

The Cascade Mountains leeward forests are a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion of North America, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) categorization system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area</span> Provincial park in Thompson-Nicola Regional District, British Columbia

Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area is a protected area located north of Kamloops in British Columbia, Canada. The protected area was established by BC Parks on 30 April 1996 to protect a unique mixed forest-grassland ecosystem overlooking the North and South forks of the Thompson River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Goat Wilderness Area</span> Protected natural area in Alberta, Canada

The White Goat Wilderness Area is a provincially designated wilderness area in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta. It was established in 1961 and it, as one of the three wilderness areas of Alberta, has the strictest form of government protection available in Canada. All development is forbidden and only travel by foot is permitted. Hunting and fishing are not allowed. The other two wilderness areas are Ghost River Wilderness Area and Siffleur Wilderness Area and together the three areas total 249,548.80 acres (100,988.82 ha).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Chilcotin Mountains Provincial Park</span> Provincial park in British Columbia, Canada

South Chilcotin Mountains Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Highway 40 northwest of Lillooet, British Columbia. The park, which is 56,796 ha. in size, was established on April 18, 2001, and It was created out of a portion of the Spruce Lake Protected Area. The park is located on three Indigenous Nations: The Tsilhqot’in, St’at’imc, and Secwepemc.

Vaseux Protected Area is a provincial park in the Okanagan region of British Columbia, Canada. It was established on April 18, 2001 to protect the habitats of a number of blue-listed and red-listed species, most notably the winter rangeland for California Bighorn Sheep. The protected area adds to the similarly sized Vaseux-Bighorn National Wildlife Area that was established by the Canadian Wildlife Service in 1979.

Vaseux-Bighorn National Wildlife Area is a National Wildlife Area in British Columbia, Canada, primarily set aside to protect winter rangeland for California bighorn sheep. In 1979, the Vaseux-Bighorn Wildlife Area was established in response to substantial reduction in wild animal populations in the area. Identified factors contributing to species decline at the time were high predator population, overharvesting of species, and illegal hunting. Land development, cattle raising, and lumbering also might have altered species populations. Under these conditions, the area was able to be classified as a Category IV area by the IUCN and is now used for wildlife habitat and conservation. Even with minimal anthropogenic use of the area, threats persist through invasive species. Recreational use is limited spatially and is only open to the public during the day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central British Columbia Mountain forests</span> Temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in British Columbia, Canada

The Central British Columbia Mountain forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in north-central British Columbia, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) categorization system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Okanagan dry forests</span> Temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in British Columbia, Canada and Washington, United States

Okanagan dry forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in the Pacific Northwest of North America, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) categorization system. It is closely associated with the Okanagan region of British Columbia and Washington. Only 20% of the ecosystem is still intact, and continues to be under threat for preservation due to land clearing and urban expansion, alongside the increasing threats of fire and extreme weather due to climate change.

Todagin Wildlife Management Area is a wildlife management area located southeast of Iskut in northwestern British Columbia. It was established by the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development (FLNRORD) on 19 March 2001 to conserve and manage critical habitat for stone sheep. It is the largest wildlife management area in British Columbia at 122,787 ha.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Lake Grasslands Protected Area</span> Protected area in British Columbia

White Lake Grasslands Protected Area is a conservation site located in the Regional District of Okanagan-Similkameen of British Columbia, Canada. It was established on April 18, 2001 by an order-in-council under the Environment and Land Use Act to protect the semi-arid grassland and pine forest ecosystem west of Vaseux Lake.

References

  1. ↑ "Cathedral Park". Protected Planet. Retrieved 2020-09-16.
  2. ↑ Evans, Martin; Slaymaker, Olav (July 2004). "Spatial and temporal variability of sediment delivery from alpine lake basins, Cathedral Provincial Park, southern British Columbia". Geomorphology. 61 (1–2): 209–224. Bibcode:2004Geomo..61..209E. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2003.12.007.
  3. 1 2 3 "Cathedral Park". BC Parks. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  4. 1 2 "Cathedral Provincial Park". spacesfornature.org. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  5. ↑ Akrigg, George Philip Vernon; Akrigg, Helen B. (1997). British Columbia place names (3rd ed.). Vancouver: University of British Columbia press. p. 41. ISBN   978-0-7748-0637-4.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Province of British Columbia (7 January 1988). "Cathedral Parks Master Plan Background Report" (PDF).
  7. 1 2 3 The Ministry of Environment and Parks, Cathedral Provincial Park: Master plan (1989). Victoria. https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/documents/bib85829.pdf
  8. ↑ Travers, Oliver Raymond (1975). Cathedral Provincial Park expansion proposal. Victoria, BC: Resource Planning Unit, E.L.U.C. Secretariat.
  9. ↑ "Snowy Protected Area". BC Parks. British Columbia Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
  10. 1 2 3 "Steps in the Management Planning Process" (PDF). British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy. 2023-10-04.
  11. ↑ "Syilx Okanagan Nation – Okanagan Nation Alliance" . Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  12. ↑ Cartwright, D. (1970). Cathedral Provincial Park enlargement-socio-economic and administrative problems (thesis). University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
  13. 1 2 "Cathedral Park and Protected Area Management Planning Process | Help Shape BC". helpshapebc.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  14. ↑ Paquet, Maggie (1986). The B.C. Parks Explorer (First ed.). Vancouver: Whitecap Books. pp. 128-129. ISBN 0-920620-63-9.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Canada, Environment and Climate Change (2014-04-15). "Management Plan for the Sonora Skipper (Polites sonora) in Canada [proposed] – 2014". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Fennell, Mitchell J. E. (2022). Multispecies mammal monitoring in Cathedral Provincial Park (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Balyx, Laura (2022). Human conflict and coexistence with mountain goats in a protected alpine landscape (Thesis). University of British Columbia.
  18. ↑ "Mountain Goat". Nez Perce National Historic Trail - Nature & Science. 2021.
  19. 1 2 3 4 "Bighorn Sheep". National Wildlife Federation. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  20. ↑ "Ministry of Environment - Okanagan Region - California Bighorn Sheep". www.env.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  21. ↑ "Cathedral Provincial Park". spacesfornature.org. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  22. ↑ "Douglas Fir". National Wildlife Federation. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  23. ↑ Forests, Ministry of. "Black cottonwood - Province of British Columbia". www2.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2023-10-19.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 Huberts, Terry (6 June 1989). "Master Plan for Cathedral Provincial Park" (PDF).
  25. 1 2 Heinrichs, Markus; Evans, Martin; Hebda, Richard; Walker, Ian; Palmer, Samantha; Rosenberg, Sandra (2004). "Holocene Climatic Change and Landscape Response at Cathedral Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada". Géographie physique et Quaternaire. 58 (1): 123–139. doi: 10.7202/013113ar . ISSN   0705-7199.
  26. 1 2 "Types of parks and protected areas - Province of British Columbia". BC Parks. Retrieved 2023-10-08.
  27. 1 2 BC Parks (1 October 2023). "Steps in the Management Planning Process" (PDF).

49°04′00″N120°11′00″W / 49.06667°N 120.18333°W / 49.06667; -120.18333

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.