| Secretin family of 7 transmembrane receptors | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | 7tm_2 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00002 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000832 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00559 | ||||||||
| TCDB | 9.A.14 | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 6 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 4k5y | ||||||||
| CDD | cd13952 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Secretin receptor family (class B GPCR subfamily [1] ) consists of secretin receptors regulated by peptide hormones from the glucagon hormone family. The family is different from adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. [2]
The secretin-receptor family of GPCRs include vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors and receptors for secretin, calcitonin and parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptides. These receptors activate adenylyl cyclase and the phosphatidyl-inositol-calcium pathway. The receptors in this family have seven transmembrane helices, [3] [4] like rhodopsin-like GPCRs. However, there is no significant sequence identity between these two GPCR families and the secretin-receptor family has its own characteristic 7TM signature. [5]
The secretin-receptor family GPCRs exist in many animal species. Data mining with the Pfam signature has identified members in fungi, although due to their presumed non-hormonal function they are more commonly referred to as Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors, making the Adhesion subfamily the more basal group. [6] Three distinct sub-families (B1-B3) are recognized.
Subfamily B1 contains classical hormone receptors, such as receptors for secretin and glucagon, that are all involved in cAMP-mediated signalling pathways.
Subfamily B2 contains receptors with long extracellular N-termini, such as the leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD97; calcium-independent receptors for latrotoxin [7] and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor receptors [8] amongst others. They are otherwise known as Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors.
Subfamily B3 includes Methuselah and other Drosophila proteins. Other than the typical seven-transmembrane region, characteristic structural features include an amino-terminal extracellular domain involved in ligand binding, and an intracellular loop (IC3) required for specific G-protein coupling.