GPR158

GPR158
Identifiers
Aliases	GPR158 , G protein-coupled receptor 158
External IDs	OMIM: 614573; MGI: 2441697; HomoloGene: 19381; GeneCards: GPR158; OMA:GPR158 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human) [1] Band 10p12.1 Start 25,174,802 bp [1] End 25,602,229 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) [2] Band 2|2 A3 Start 21,372,353 bp [2] End 21,835,358 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell middle temporal gyrus cerebellar vermis Brodmann area 23 lateral nuclear group of thalamus Brodmann area 46 pons superior frontal gyrus postcentral gyrus primary visual cortex Top expressed in superior frontal gyrus primary visual cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell cerebellar cortex secondary oocyte supraoptic nucleus lumbar subsegment of spinal cord neural layer of retina CA3 field lumbar spinal ganglion More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane membrane Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway protein localization to plasma membrane signal transduction Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 57512 241263 Ensembl ENSG00000151025 ENSMUSG00000045967 UniProt Q5T848 Q8C419 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020752 NM_001004761 NM_175706 RefSeq (protein) NP_065803 NP_001004761 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 25.17 – 25.6 Mb Chr 2: 21.37 – 21.84 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Probable G-protein coupled receptor 158 (GPR158), also known as the metabotropic glycine receptor (mGlyR), ^[5] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR158 gene. ^[6]

Function

This protein is an orphan class C GPCR. It is highly expressed in the brain, where it binds to RGS7, an inhibitor of G_i/o-coupled GPCR signaling, localizing it to the plasma membrane. ^[7]

It is expressed at lower levels in other organs and shows an unusual subcellular localization pattern, being found at both the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. ^[8]

Clinical significance

Role in mood regulation

GPR158 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been shown to regulate stress-induced depression in a mouse model of depression and has been found to be upregulated in post-mortem tissue samples from humans with major depressive disorder (MDD). ^[9]

Role in prostate cancer

The GPR158 gene is an androgen-regulated gene that stimulates cell proliferation in prostate cancer cell lines, and it is linked to neuroendocrine differentiation. ^[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000151025 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045967 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Laboute T, Zucca S, Holcomb M, Patil DN, Garza C, Wheatley BA, Roy RN, Forli S, Martemyanov KA (March 2023). "Orphan receptor GPR158 serves as a metabotropic glycine receptor: mGlyR". Science. 379 (6639): 1352–1358. Bibcode:2023Sci...379.1352L. doi:10.1126/science.add7150. PMC   10751545 . PMID   36996198. S2CID   257836784.
6. "Entrez Gene: GPR158 G protein-coupled receptor 158".
7. Orlandi C, Posokhova E, Masuho I, Ray TA, Hasan N, Gregg RG, Martemyanov KA (2012). "GPR158/179 regulate G protein signaling by controlling localization and activity of the RGS7 complexes". J. Cell Biol. 197 (6): 711–9. doi:10.1083/jcb.201202123. PMC   3373406 . PMID   22689652.
8. Patel N, Itakura T, Gonzalez JM, Schwartz SG, Fini ME (2013). "GPR158, an orphan member of G protein-coupled receptor Family C: glucocorticoid-stimulated expression and novel nuclear role". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e57843. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...857843P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057843 . PMC   3581496 . PMID   23451275.
9. Sutton L, Orlandi C, Song C, Oh WC, Muntean BS, Xie K, Filippini A, Xie X, Satterfield R, Yaeger JD, Renner KJ, Young Jr SM, Xu B, Kwon H, Martemyanov KA (2018). "Orphan receptor GPR158 controls stress-induced depression". eLife. 7. doi: 10.7554/eLife.33273.001 . PMC   5823542 . PMID   29419376.
10. Patel N, Itakura T, Jeong S, Liao CP, Roy-Burman P, Zandi E, Groshen S, Pinski J, Coetzee GA, Gross ME, Fini ME (2015). "Expression and functional role of orphan receptor GPR158 in prostate cancer growth and progression". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): e0117758. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017758P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117758 . PMC   4333349 . PMID   25693195.