GPR75

GPR75
Identifiers
Aliases	GPR75 , GPRchr2, WI31133, G protein-coupled receptor 75
External IDs	OMIM: 606704; MGI: 2441843; HomoloGene: 4945; GeneCards: GPR75; OMA:GPR75 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) [1] Band 2p16.2 Start 53,852,912 bp [1] End 53,859,967 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) [2] Band 11|11 A4 Start 30,835,358 bp [2] End 30,843,729 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle ventricular zone islet of Langerhans prefrontal cortex internal globus pallidus caudate nucleus nucleus accumbens amygdala putamen cingulate gyrus Top expressed in lumbar spinal ganglion visual cortex cerebellar cortex primary visual cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell superior frontal gyrus embryo neural layer of retina embryo cerebellar vermis More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function C-C chemokine receptor activity signal transducer activity G protein-coupled receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane Biological process chemokine-mediated signaling pathway regulation of neuron death signal transduction G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 10936 237716 Ensembl ENSG00000119737 ENSMUSG00000043999 UniProt O95800 Q6X632 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_006794 NM_175490 RefSeq (protein) NP_006785 NP_780699 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 53.85 – 53.86 Mb Chr 11: 30.84 – 30.84 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Probable G-protein coupled receptor 75 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR75 gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Function

GPR75 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family. GPRs are cell surface receptors that activate guanine-nucleotide binding proteins upon the binding of a ligand. ^[6]

GPR75 is currently classified as an orphan GPCR and several studies are underway to identify its ligand. In one study, the chemokine CCL5 (RANTES) has been shown to stimulate calcium mobilization and inositol triphosphate formation in GPR75-transfected cells. ^[7]

A 2021 study by Akbari & Gilani et. al. reported that people with protein-truncating variants of GPR75 were associated with 5.3kg lower body weight and 54% lower odds for obesity. GPR75 knock-out mice showed resistance to weight gain under high-fat diet. ^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000119737 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043999 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Tarttelin EE, Kirschner LS, Bellingham J, Baffi J, Taymans SE, Gregory-Evans K, Csaky K, Stratakis CA, Gregory-Evans CY (June 1999). "Cloning and characterization of a novel orphan G-protein-coupled receptor localized to human chromosome 2p16". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 260 (1): 174–80. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.0753. PMID   10381362.
6. "Entrez Gene: GPR75 G protein-coupled receptor 75".
7. Ignatov A, Robert J, Gregory-Evans C, Schaller HC (November 2006). "RANTES stimulates Ca2+ mobilization and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) formation in cells transfected with G protein-coupled receptor 75". British Journal of Pharmacology. 149 (5): 490–7. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706909. PMC   2014681 . PMID   17001303.
8. Akbari P, Gilani A, Sosina O, et al. (2 July 2021). "Sequencing of 640,000 exomes identifies GPR75 variants associated with protection from obesity". Science. 373 (6550). doi:10.1126/science.abf8683. PMC   10275396 . PMID   34210852. S2CID   235699731.