2024 California's 16th congressional district election

Last updated

2024 California's 16th congressional district election
Flag of California.svg
  2022 November 5, 20242026 
Reporting
84%
as of 7:40 PM, November 12, 2024 PST
  Sam Liccardo - Jan 2020 (cropped).jpg EvanLow-3x5 (cropped).jpg
Candidate Sam Liccardo Evan Low
Party Democratic Democratic
Popular vote165,317117,894
Percentage58.4%41.6%

U.S. Representative before election

Anna Eshoo
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

Sam Liccardo
Democratic

The 2024 California's 16th congressional district election was held on November 5, 2024 to elect the United States representative for California's 16th congressional district. The election was held concurrently with elections for the other U.S. House districts in California and the rest of the country, as well as the 2024 U.S. Senate race in California, other elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary election was held on March 5, 2024, concurrently with the Super Tuesday presidential primaries.

Contents

The 16th district is an urban/suburban district based in Silicon Valley, including portions of Santa Clara and San Mateo counties, extending from the southwestern San Francisco Bay Area through the Santa Cruz Mountains to the Pacific coast. Its largest cities are San Jose, Mountain View, and Palo Alto. [1] Joe Biden won the district with 75.4% of the vote in the 2020 presidential election, making it a safe Democratic district. [2]

The incumbent prior to the election was Democrat Anna Eshoo, who was re-elected with 57.8% of the vote in 2022 running against another Democrat. [3] She did not seek re-election in 2024. [4] A wide field of 11 candidates filed for the race to succeed her, with 9 Democrats and 2 Republicans joining the race. The primary election was very close, with initial returns showing a heated battle for the two spots in the general election. A week after the primary, media outlets reported that former San Jose mayor Sam Liccardo had taken first place. However, it was unclear which candidate he would face in the general election, as state assemblyman Evan Low and Santa Clara County supervisor Joe Simitian repeatedly traded the second-place position during the vote tabulation process. [5]

By April 3, Low and Simitian had tied with 30,249 votes each in the final account, and both were expected to advance to the general election under a stipulation by California elections code regarding a second-place tie in primary elections. [5] However, a recount was requested by two voters shortly thereafter. The recount request was controversial, with Low's campaign accusing Liccardo of being behind it, an accusation which was vehemently denied by Liccardo's campaign. [6] At the conclusion of the recount on May 1, Low ultimately edged out Simitian by a margin of 5 votes, with Low gaining 12 votes and Simitian 7. [7] As required by federal law, the source of the recount funds was later revealed to be a pro-Liccardo super PAC funded almost entirely by billionaire Michael Bloomberg. [8] [9]

On November 6, the Associated Press called the race for Liccardo. [10] Low conceded the same day. [11]

The primary results marked the second time since California transitioned to a nonpartisan blanket primary system in 2012 in which there was a second-place tie in a primary election and a potential three-candidate general election, the first being the 2016 election for California's 62nd State Assembly district. [a] [5]

Primary election

2024 California's 16th congressional district primary election (post-recount results)
Flag of California.svg
  2022 March 5, 20242026 
Turnout182,135 votes
  Sam Liccardo - Jan 2020 (cropped).jpg EvanLow-3x5 (cropped).jpg Joesimitian (cropped).jpg
Candidate Sam Liccardo Evan Low Joe Simitian
Party Democratic Democratic Democratic
Popular vote38,49230,26130,256
Percentage21.1%16.6%16.6%

  PeterOhtaki (cropped).jpg RishiKumar (cropped).jpg
CandidatePeter OhtakiPeter DixonRishi Kumar
Party Republican Democratic Democratic
Popular vote23,28314,67712,383
Percentage12.8%8.1%6.8%

  Julie-lythcott-haimes-photo (cropped).jpg
CandidateKarl Ryan Julie Lythcott-Haims
Party Republican Democratic
Popular vote11,56311,386
Percentage6.3%6.2%

U.S. Representative before election

Anna Eshoo
Democratic

Elected U.S. Representative

TBD

Candidates

Advanced to general

Initially advanced to general but eliminated after recount

Eliminated in primary

Declined

Fundraising

Campaign finance reports as of February 14, 2024
CandidateRaisedSpentCash on hand
Joby Bernstein (D)$140,836 [c] $59,832$81,003
Peter Dixon (D)$2,792,923 [d] $1,894,060$898,862
Rishi Kumar (D)$289,503 [e] $186,637$101,756
Sam Liccardo (D)$2,206,228$988,382$1,217,845
Evan Low (D)$1,369,551 [f] $1,024,180$345,371
Julie Lythcott-Haims (D)$595,779$443,035$152,744
Ahmed Mostafa (D)$201,773$127,469$74,303
Joe Simitian (D)$951,156$932,783$588,744
Greg Tanaka (D)$15,080 [g] $13,182$1,898
Peter Ohtaki (R)$54,169 [h] $32,982$21,187
Source: Federal Election Commission [21]

Endorsements

Peter Dixon (D)
U.S. Representatives
Organizations
Sam Liccardo (D)
U.S. Representatives
Local officials
Organizations
Newspapers
Julie Lythcott-Haims (D)
U.S. Senators
U.S. Representatives
Organizations
Rishi Kumar (D)
Organizations
Evan Low (D)
Ahmed Mostafa (D)
Organizations
Peter Ohtaki (R)
Local officials
Organizations
Karl Ryan (R)
Political parties

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size [i]
Margin
of error
Rishi
Kumar (D)
Sam
Liccardo (D)
Evan
Low (D)
Julie Lythcott-
Haims (D)
Peter
Ohtaki (R)
Karl
Ryan (R)
Joe
Simitian (D)
OtherUndecided
Problosky Research [A] January 21–28, 2024400 (LV)± 5%7.5%16%7.3%4%2.5%6.5%13.3%9.4% [j] 33.8%
RMG Research [B] January 3–4, 2024426 (LV)± 4.76%13%11%5%2%12%2% [k] 46%
Public Policy Polling (D) [C] November 2023400 (LV) ?7%16%5%6%9%12%11% [l] 33%

Initial certified results

2024 California's 16th congressional district primary (results certified on April 4, 2024) [65]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Sam Liccardo 38,489 21.1
Democratic Evan Low 30,249 16.6
Democratic Joe Simitian 30,249 16.6
Republican Peter Ohtaki23,27512.8
Democratic Peter Dixon14,6738.1
Democratic Rishi Kumar12,3776.8
Republican Karl Ryan11,5576.3
Democratic Julie Lythcott-Haims 11,3836.2
Democratic Ahmed Mostafa5,8113.2
Democratic Greg Tanaka2,4211.3
Democratic Joby Bernstein1,6510.9
Total votes182,135 100.0

Recount and involvement of Liccardo super PACs

Santa Clara and San Mateo counties certified the primary results on April 4. [66] The Los Angeles Times pointed out that Low and Simitian had no incentive to request a recount, which could potentially lock them out of the general election. [5] Both campaigns released statements indicating that they intend to compete in the general election. [67] However, local media reported that a poll had been sent to voters testing a three-way race as well as two-way races between Liccardo and each of his opponents, leading to speculation that Liccardo's campaign would ask for a recount. [68] On April 9, officials in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties confirmed that two residents of the district had requested a recount: Jonathan Padilla, who served as finance director on Liccardo's 2014 mayoral campaign and donated $1,000 to his 2024 congressional campaign, and Pacifica resident Dan Stegink. [6] Stegink later withdrew his request. [69]

Low's campaign alleged that Liccardo was behind the requests, which they called "a page right out of Trump's political playbook using dirty tricks to attack democracy and subvert the will of the voters." Liccardo's campaign denied responsibility, though they maintained the recount was necessary, saying "every vote should be counted." [70] Padilla, a "longtime Silicon Valley political insider," did not answer questions from local media about the source of the funds for the costly recount. Eshoo, who endorsed Simitian, called for transparency in the recount process. [71] In his recount request, Padilla wrote that he was "not coordinating or communicating with any candidate or candidates’ agents" and made "this request on behalf of Evan Low." [72] However, Low's campaign reaffirmed that he did not support the recount and called Padilla's statement "disingenuous." [73]

Padilla submitted a $12,000 deposit for the recount on April 12. He opted for a machine recount, in which ballots are re-screened by a machine, rather than a much more expensive manual recount, in which volunteers would count each ballot by hand. Election officials estimated the cost of the machine recount at around $80,000, whereas a manual recount could have cost upwards of $400,000. [74] The recount began on April 15. [69]

According to reporting by KNTV, the recount is being funded by $12,000 checks from the newly-formed super PAC "Count the Vote" signed by James Sutton, an attorney who had previously represented Liccardo. [75] On April 19, Santa Clara County Government Attorneys Association president Max Zarzana filed a complaint with the Federal Elections Commission, alleging that the Liccardo campaign concocted a "secret scheme to illegally coordinate with a newly-formed dark money Super PAC to do his CD-16 recount bidding" and noted Liccardo's past connections with those involved in requesting the recount. Zarzana also highlighted Liccardo's history of "backroom deals" including violations of the California Public Records Act for which he was previously fined $500,000. [76]

The results of the recount were finalized on May 1, with Low advancing to the general election and Simitian eliminated by a 5-vote margin, 30,261 to 30,256. [7] On May 2, the Liccardo campaign shared internal poll results showing him with a 10-point lead over Low in a two-way race, compared with just a 5-point lead in a three-way race. The poll was completed on April 8, the day before the recount was requested. [77]

On May 20, Neighbors for Results, the super PAC supporting Liccardo almost entirely funded by billionaire Michael Bloomberg, disclosed that it paid $102,000 to the group which funded the recount, Count the Vote PAC. [8] [9] The attorney who represented Padilla in his recount request, Matthew Alvarez, is also listed as the treasurer of both super PACs in question. In 2018, Bloomberg Philanthropies previously selected San Jose, which Liccardo was then mayor of, for funding and resources from the American Cities Climate Challenge, and two years later Liccardo then endorsed and served as a state co-chair on Bloomberg's presidential campaign. [78] [73] After this information was publicized, a second Bay Area attorney, Brian O'Grady, filed a FEC complaint claiming that the PACs violated federal campaign finance laws in order to hide their connection with Liccardo's campaign. [79]

Post-recount results

2024 California's 16th congressional district primary [80] [81]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic Sam Liccardo 38,492 21.1 −0.005
Democratic Evan Low 30,261 16.6 +0.002
Democratic Joe Simitian 30,25616.6−0.001
Republican Peter Ohtaki23,28312.8+0.001
Democratic Peter Dixon14,6778.1−0.000
Democratic Rishi Kumar12,3836.8+0.001
Republican Karl Ryan11,5636.3+0.001
Democratic Julie Lythcott-Haims 11,3866.2−0.000
Democratic Ahmed Mostafa5,8143.2+0.001
Democratic Greg Tanaka2,4211.3−0.000
Democratic Joby Bernstein1,6520.9+0.000
Total votes182,188 100.0

Federal Elections Commission Complaint Against Low Campaign

In October 2024, good-government group Defend the Vote [82] filed an FEC complaint against Low, [83] alleging that he had spent nearly $600,000 [84] from his state campaign account on ads that were distributed across the congressional district. Defend the Vote argued that the move violated federal campaign finance laws, [85] as state campaigns can accept higher individual contributions than federal campaigns, and can receive political action committee and corporation donations directly.

In wake of the expenditures, an attorney for Liccardo sent cease and desist letters [84] to five TV stations that broadcast the ads. The Mercury News Editorial Board reaffirmed their endorsement of Liccardo, [86] criticizing Low for “putting political self-interest ahead of campaign integrity.”

General election

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report [87] Solid DFebruary 2, 2023
Inside Elections [88] Solid DMarch 10, 2023
Sabato's Crystal Ball [89] Safe DFebruary 23, 2023
Elections Daily [90] Safe DFebruary 5, 2024
CNalysis [91] Solid DNovember 16, 2023

Post-primary endorsements

Sam Liccardo (D)
Organizations
Evan Low (D)
Statewide Officials
Organizations

Debates

2024 California's 16th congressional district election debate
No.DateHostModeratorsLink Democratic Democratic
Key:

 P Participant  A Absent  N Not invited  I Invited  W  Withdrawn

LiccardoLow
1October 11, 2024 KNTV
KSTS
KQED
Raj Mathai YouTube PP

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size [i]
Margin
of error
Sam
Liccardo (D)
Evan
Low (D)
Undecided
USC/CSU [D] September 14–21, 2024544 (LV)± 4.2%44%27%30% [m]
EMC Research [E] September 5–10, 2024600 (LV)± 4.0%48%45%7%
Rodriguez Gudelunas Strategies (D) [D] September 4–7, 2024600 (LV)± 4.0%42%28%30%
Tulchin Research (D) [F] July 23–29, 2024500 (LV)± 4.38%30%29%41%
Lake Research Partners (D) [G] June 24–27, 2024600 (LV)39%28%33%
Lake Research Partners (D) [G] April 5–8, 2024400 (LV)± 4.9%36%26%38%
Hypothetical polling
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size [i]
Margin
of error
Sam
Liccardo (D)
Evan
Low (D)
Joe
Simitian (D)
Undecided
Lake Research Partners (D) [G] April 5–8, 2024400 (LV)± 4.9%26%21%20%24%

Results

2024 California's 16th congressional district general election
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic Sam Liccardo
Democratic Evan Low
Total votes
Democratic hold

Notes

  1. In the 2016 California's 62nd State Assembly district election, incumbent Assemblymember Autumn Burke faced off against two write-in candidates who tied with 32 primary votes each. [5]
  2. This district was numbered as the 18th district prior to the 2020 redistricting cycle.
  3. $3,000 of this total was self-funded by Bernstein
  4. $1,400,000 of this total was self-funded by Dixon
  5. $15,000 of this total was self-funded by Kumar
  6. $13,661 of this total was self-funded by Low
  7. $13,182 of this total was self-funded by Tanaka
  8. $40,000 of this total was self-funded by Ohtaki
  9. 1 2 3 Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  10. Peter Dixon (D) with 4.3%; Ahmed Mostafa (D) and Greg Tanaka (D) each with 2.3%; Joby Bernstein with 0.5%
  11. Joby Bernstein (D), Peter Dixon (D), Ahmed Mostafa (D), and Greg Tanaka (D) with 0%; "Other" with 2%
  12. Sally Lieber (D) with 7%; Josh Becker (D) with 4%; Joby Bernstein (D) with 1%
  13. "Won't vote" with 7%
Partisan clients
  1. Poll commissioned by San Jose Spotlight
  2. Poll commissioned by U.S. Term Limits. Evan Low has signed the group's term-limits pledge.
  3. Poll commissioned by supporters of Sam Liccardo
  4. 1 2 Poll sponsored by Neighbors for Results PAC, which supports Sam Liccardo
  5. Poll sponsored by Equality California, which supports Low's campaign
  6. Poll sponsored by Low's campaign
  7. 1 2 3 Poll sponsored by Liccardo's campaign

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