MLX (gene)

MLX
Identifiers
Aliases	MLX , MAD7, MXD7, TCFL4, bHLHd13, MAX dimerization protein, TF4, MAX dimerization protein MLX
External IDs	OMIM: 602976; MGI: 108398; HomoloGene: 7969; GeneCards: MLX; OMA:MLX - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human) [1] Band 17q21.2 Start 42,567,072 bp [1] End 42,573,239 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) [2] Band 11|11 D Start 100,978,103 bp [2] End 100,983,033 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in oocyte secondary oocyte parotid gland duodenum mucosa of transverse colon apex of heart mucosa of sigmoid colon jejunal mucosa mucosa of ileum rectum Top expressed in right kidney granulocyte duodenum jejunum proximal tubule colon yolk sac left colon thymus stomach More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription factor binding RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding protein binding protein homodimerization activity DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific protein dimerization activity protein heterodimerization activity DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component nucleus cytoplasm nucleoplasm cytosol nuclear membrane Biological process negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II transcription, DNA-templated regulation of transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6945 21428 Ensembl ENSG00000108788 ENSMUSG00000017801 UniProt Q9UH92 O08609 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_198205 NM_170607 NM_198204 NM_013383 NM_170608 NM_001159384 NM_001159385 NM_011550 RefSeq (protein) NP_733752 NP_937847 NP_937848 NP_001152856 NP_001152857 NP_035680 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 42.57 – 42.57 Mb Chr 11: 100.98 – 100.98 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Max-like protein X is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLX gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the family of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-Zip) transcription factors. These factors form heterodimers with Mad proteins and play a role in proliferation, determination and differentiation. This gene product may act to diversify Mad family function by its restricted association with a subset of the Mad family of transcriptional repressors, namely Mad1 and Mad4. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. ^[6]

Interactions

MLX (gene) has been shown to interact with MNT, ^{[7] [8]} MXD1 ^{[7] [8]} and MLXIPL. ^[7]

MLX must dimerize with MondoA ^[9] or with MLXIPL (carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein) to regulate target genes. ^[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108788 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000017801 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Bjerknes M, Cheng H (November 1996). "TCFL4: a gene at 17q21.1 encoding a putative basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factor". Gene. 181 (1–2): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00376-9. PMID   8973301.
6. "Entrez Gene: MLX MAX-like protein X".
7. Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi: 10.1093/hmg/10.6.617 . PMID   11230181.
8. Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID   10918583. S2CID   17891130.
9. Kaadige MR, Yang J, Wilde BR, Ayer DE (2015). "MondoA-Mlx transcriptional activity is limited by mTOR-MondoA interaction". Molecular and Cellular Biology . 35 (1): 101–110. doi:10.1128/MCB.00636-14. PMC   4295369 . PMID   25332233.
10. Song Z, Yang H, Zhou L, Yang F (2019). "Glucose-Sensing Transcription Factor MondoA/ChREBP as Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities and Challenges". International Journal of Molecular Sciences . 20 (20) E5132. doi: 10.3390/ijms20205132 . PMC   6829382 . PMID   31623194.

Further reading

• Rommens JM, Durocher F, McArthur J, Tonin P, LeBlanc JF, Allen T, Samson C, Ferri L, Narod S, Morgan K (August 1995). "Generation of a transcription map at the HSD17B locus centromeric to BRCA1 at 17q21". Genomics. 28 (3): 530–42. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1185. PMID   7490091.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . PMID   8889548.
• Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, Bonaldo MF, Chiapelli B, Chissoe S, Dietrich N, DuBuque T, Favello A, Gish W, Hawkins M, Hultman M, Kucaba T, Lacy M, Le M, Le N, Mardis E, Moore B, Morris M, Parsons J, Prange C, Rifkin L, Rohlfing T, Schellenberg K, Bento Soares M, Tan F, Thierry-Meg J, Trevaskis E, Underwood K, Wohldman P, Waterston R, Wilson R, Marra M (September 1996). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Research. 6 (9): 807–28. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.9.807 . PMID   8889549.
• Billin AN, Eilers AL, Queva C, Ayer DE (December 1999). "Mlx, a novel Max-like BHLHZip protein that interacts with the Max network of transcription factors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (51): 36344–50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.51.36344 . PMID   10593926.
• Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID   10918583. S2CID   17891130.
• Billin AN, Eilers AL, Coulter KL, Logan JS, Ayer DE (December 2000). "MondoA, a novel basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper transcriptional activator that constitutes a positive branch of a max-like network". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (23): 8845–54. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8845-8854.2000. PMC   86535 . PMID   11073985.
• Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi: 10.1093/hmg/10.6.617 . PMID   11230181.
• Eilers AL, Sundwall E, Lin M, Sullivan AA, Ayer DE (December 2002). "A novel heterodimerization domain, CRM1, and 14-3-3 control subcellular localization of the MondoA-Mlx heterocomplex". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (24): 8514–26. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.24.8514-8526.2002. PMC   139889 . PMID   12446771.
• Merla G, Howald C, Antonarakis SE, Reymond A (July 2004). "The subcellular localization of the ChoRE-binding protein, encoded by the Williams-Beuren syndrome critical region gene 14, is regulated by 14-3-3". Human Molecular Genetics. 13 (14): 1505–14. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddh163 . PMID   15163635.
• Ma L, Tsatsos NG, Towle HC (March 2005). "Direct role of ChREBP.Mlx in regulating hepatic glucose-responsive genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (12): 12019–27. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M413063200 . PMID   15664996.
• Sans CL, Satterwhite DJ, Stoltzman CA, Breen KT, Ayer DE (July 2006). "MondoA-Mlx heterodimers are candidate sensors of cellular energy status: mitochondrial localization and direct regulation of glycolysis". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 26 (13): 4863–71. doi:10.1128/MCB.00657-05. PMC   1489152 . PMID   16782875.

External links

• MLX+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.