Lysine-specific demethylase 5B also known as histone demethylase JARID1B is a demethylase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM5B gene. [5] [6] [7] JARID1B belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase superfamily.
Lysine-specific demethylase 5B also known as histone demethylase JARID1B is a demethylase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM5B gene. [5] [6] [7] JARID1B belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase superfamily.
Jarid1B (also known as KDM5B or PLU1) is in the family of JHDM genes. These are responsible for demethylation of tri- and di-methylated lysines in the 4 position of histone 3 (H3K4me3 and H3K4me2). Jarid1B is a multidomain enzyme that is part of the subfamily KDM5. The whole Jarid1 family is a protein family that possesses H3K4 histone demethylase activity. [8]
Jarid1B has been implicated in the development of prostate, breast, and skin cancer and also has been associated with melanoma maintenance. Knockout mice (Jarid1b−/−) produced are viable in neonatal life. These mice do exhibit the phenotype of premature mortality, decreased fertility in female mice, reduction in body weight and impairment in mammary gland development. It also acted to decrease serum estrogen levels and caused reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation in the early stages of puberty. These Jarid1b−/− mice seem to be greatly affected in many regulators of the development of mammy development such as FOXA1 and estrogen receptor α. [9] However, others have shown that a Jarid1B knockout embryos usually have neonatal lethality due to the failure of their respiratory system. Knockout embryos have also been seen to have several different neural defects including: disorganized cranial nerves, increased incidences of exencephaly, and defects in eye development. [10]
JARID1B has been shown to interact with FOXG1 [11] and PAX9. [11]
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) also known as lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A (KDM1A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KDM1A gene. LSD1 is a flavin-dependent monoamine oxidase, which can demethylate mono- and di-methylated lysines, specifically histone 3, lysine 4 (H3K4). Other reported methylated lysine substrates such as histone H3K9 and TP53 have not been biochemically validated. This enzyme plays a critical role in oocyte growth, embryogenesis, hematopoiesis and tissue-specific differentiation. LSD1 was the first histone demethylase to be discovered though more than 30 have since been described.
Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 also known as p53-binding protein 1 or 53BP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53BP1 gene.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MBD2 gene.
Metastasis-associated protein MTA1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTA1 gene. MTA1 is the founding member of the MTA family of genes. MTA1 is primarily localized in the nucleus but also found to be distributed in the extra-nuclear compartments. MTA1 is a component of several chromatin remodeling complexes including the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation complex (NuRD). MTA1 regulates gene expression by functioning as a coregulator to integrate DNA-interacting factors to gene activity. MTA1 participates in physiological functions in the normal and cancer cells. MTA1 is one of the most upregulated proteins in human cancer and associates with cancer progression, aggressive phenotypes, and poor prognosis of cancer patients.
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEBPD gene.
C-terminal-binding protein 1 also known as CtBP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTBP1 gene. CtBP1 is one of two CtBP proteins, the other protein being CtBP2.
Cux1 is a homeodomain protein that in humans is encoded by the CUX1 gene.
AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARID1A gene.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MBD3 gene.
Paired box gene 9, also known as PAX9, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PAX9 gene. It is also found in other mammals.
Metastasis-associated protein MTA2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTA2 gene.
Lysine-specific demethylase 5A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM5A gene.
Transcription factor Sp4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SP4 gene.
Lysine-specific demethylase 4A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM4A gene.
Forkhead box protein G1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXG1 gene.
Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT3H gene.
AT rich interactive domain 4A (RBP1-like), also known as ARID4A, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ARID4A gene.
Zinc finger protein 350 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZNF350 gene.
Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1), also known as hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-alpha (HNF-3A), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXA1 gene.
The human KDM2B gene encodes the protein lysine (K)-specific demethylase 2B.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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