This is a list of letters of the Cyrillic script. The definition of a Cyrillic letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that a has script property of 'Cyrillic' and the general category of 'Letter'. An overview of the distribution of Cyrillic letters in Unicode is given in Cyrillic script in Unicode.
Letters contained in the Russian alphabet.
Аа | Бб | Вв | Гг | Дд | Ее | Ëë | Жж | Зз | Ии |
Йй | Кк | Лл | Мм | Нн | Оо | Пп | Рр | Сс | Тт |
Уу | Фф | Хх | Цц | Чч | Шш | Щщ | Ъъ | Ыы | Ьь |
Ээ | Юю | Яя |
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Letter | Name | Notes |
---|---|---|
Ә ә | Schwa | Abkhaz, Azerbaijani, Bashkir, Dungan, Kazakh, Kurdish, Tatar, Turkmen, Wakhi |
Ԝ ԝ | We | Kurdish, Yaghnobi language, Tundra Yukaghir language |
Ԁ ԁ | Komi De | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ђ ђ | Dje | Montenegrin, Serbian |
Ԃ ԃ | Komi Dje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ꚁ ꚁ | Dwe | Abkhaz (1909—1926, replaced by Дә) [1] |
Є є | Ukrainian Ye | Ukrainian, Khanty |
Ԑ ԑ | Reversed Ze | Enets, Khanty [2] |
Ѕ ѕ | Dze | Macedonian |
Ꙅ ꙅ | Reversed Dze | Old Church Slavonic, [3] Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian as variant of Ѕ |
Ꙃ ꙃ | Dzelo | Early Cyrillic alphabet (as variant of, and replaced by Ѕ) [3] |
Ӡ ӡ | Abkhazian Dze | Abkhaz, Uilta |
Ꚃ ꚃ | Dzwe | Abkhaz (1909—1926, replaced by Ӡә) [1] |
Ꙁ ꙁ | Zemlya | Early Cyrillic alphabet (as variant of, and replaced by З) [3] |
Ԅ ԅ | Komi Zje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ԇ ԇ | Komi Dzje | Komi (1919—1940) |
І і | Dotted I | Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian, Kazakh, Khakas, Komi, Rusyn |
Ꙇ ꙇ | Iota | Glagolitic (Cyrillic transcription) [3] |
Ј ј | Je | Serbian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Kildin Sami, Azerbaijani (to 1991), Udmurt (to 1897), Orok |
Ꙉ ꙉ | Djerv | Church Slavonic (Replaced by Ћ and Ђ) [3] |
Ԉ ԉ | Komi Lje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ԛ ԛ | Qa | Old Abkhaz, Kurdish [1] |
ᴫ | Small capital El | Uralic Phonetic Alphabet [4] |
ᵸ | Superscript En | Bezhta, Hunzib, Godoberi |
Ԋ ԋ | Komi Nje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ө ө | Barred O (Oe) | Bashkir, Buryat, Kalmyk, Kazakh, Khanty, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Tuvan, Mongolian, Yakut, Azerbaijani (to 1991) |
Ꚛ ꚛ | Crossed O | Old Church Slavonic [5] |
Ꙩ ꙩ | Monocular O | Early Cyrillic 14th - 15th Centuries [1] |
Ꙫ ꙫ | Binocular O | Early Cyrillic (Exotic) [1] |
Multiocular O | Multiocular O | Early Cyrillic (Ex: серафими многоꙮчитїи). [1] Appearance changed in Unicode 15.0. [6] |
Ѻ ѻ | Broad On | Early Cyrillic (Variant of regular O) |
Ҁ ҁ | Koppa | Old Church Slavonic, numerical usage only (Replaced by Ч) |
Ԍ ԍ | Komi Sje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ԏ ԏ | Komi Tje | Komi (1919—1940) |
Ꚍ ꚍ | Twe | Abkhaz (replaced by Тә) [1] |
Ћ ћ | Tshe | Serbian |
Ү ү | Straight U (Ue) | Kazakh, Mongolian, Karakalpak, Tatar, Bashkir, Kyrgyz, Dungan |
Һ һ | Ha/He | Kazakh, Bashkir, Siberian Tatar, Sakha, Kalmyk |
Ꚕ ꚕ | Hwe | Abkhaz (replaced by Ҳә) [1] |
Ѡ ѡ | Omega | Early Cyrillic |
Ꙍ ꙍ | Broad Omega | Slavic languages (Historic) [3] |
Ꙡ ꙡ | Reversed Tse | Old Novgorodian birchbark |
Ꚏ ꚏ | Tswe | Abkhaz (replaced by Цә) [1] |
Ҽ ҽ | Abkhazian Che | Abkhaz |
Џ џ | Dzhe | Serbian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Abkhazian, Romanian Cyrillic |
Ꚗ ꚗ | Shwe | Abkhaz (replaced by Шә) [1] |
Ꙏ ꙏ | Neutral Yer | Late Medieval Russian transcription (when yers are indistinguishable from each other) |
Ѣ ѣ | Yat | Early Cyrillic, Proto-Slavic, Russian (until 1918), Bulgarian (until 1945), Ukrainian (until 1945), Rusyn (until 1945, recurring in 1991) |
Ҩ ҩ | Abkhazian Ha | Abkhaz |
Ꙕ ꙕ | Reversed Yu | Early East Slavic, Early Bulgarian [3] |
Ӏ ӏ | Palochka | Abaza, Adyghe, Avar, Chechen, Dargwa, Ingush, Kabardian, Lak, Lezgian, Tabassaran |
Ѧ ѧ | Little Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic |
Ꙙ ꙙ | Closed Little Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic, [3] Middle Bulgarian [3] as variant of little yus |
Ѫ ѫ | Big Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic |
Ꙛ ꙛ | Blended Yus | Middle Bulgarian [3] |
Ѯ ѯ | Ksi | Early Cyrillic, Church Slavonic, Romanized: Ks or X |
Ѱ ѱ | Psi | Early Cyrillic |
Ѳ ѳ | Fita | Early Cyrillic, cf. Greek: Θ θ |
Ѵ ѵ | Izhitsa | Udmurt (to 1897), Abkhaz (to 1926), Russian (until 1918 in a few rare Greek words), Serbian (until the 19th century), Church Slavonic |
Ꙟ ꙟ | Yn | Romanian (Cyrillic) [3] |
Оу оу | Uk | Early Cyrillic alphabet |
Letter | Name | Notes |
---|---|---|
А̀ а̀ | A with grave | Bulgarian, Macedonian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
А̂ а̂ | A with circumflex | Bulgarian, Serbian (not individual letter, used in Dialects), Udege |
Ӑ ӑ | A with breve | Chuvash |
Ӓ ӓ | A with diaerisis | Hill Mari, Kildin Sami, Khanty, Serbian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
А̄ а̄ | A with macron | Kildin Sami, Khanty, Bulgarian (not individual letter, used in Dialects), Serbian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
А̃ а̃ | A with tilde | Khinalug |
А̊ а̊ | A with ring above | Selkup |
Ӓ̄ ӓ̄ | A with diaeresis and macron | Kildin Sami |
Ә́ ә́ | Schwa with acute | Tatar (not individual letter) |
Ӛ ӛ | Schwa with diaeresis | Khanty |
Ә̃ ә̃ | Schwa with tilde | Khinalug |
В̌ в̌ | Ve with caron | Shughni, Wakhi |
В҄ в҄ | Ve with Scribble | Church Slavonic |
Ґ ґ | Ghe with upturn | Ukrainian, Belarusian (i.e. Belarusian Classical Orthography), (not individual letter, formally), Rusyn |
Г̄ г̄ | Ghe with macron | Karelian (1820s) |
Г̌ г̌ | Ghe with caron | Shughni, Wakhi |
Г̑ г̑ | Ghe with inverted breve | Aleut |
Ғ ғ | Ghe with stroke | Kazakh, Uzbek, Bashkir, Tajik, Azerbaijani (to 1991) |
Ӻ ӻ | Ghe with stroke and hook | Nivkh [2] |
Ғ̌ ғ̌ | Ghe with stroke and caron | Shughni |
Г̣ г̣ | Ghe with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ҕ ҕ | Ghe with middle hook | Abkhaz, Yakut |
Ӷ ӷ | Ghe with descender | Abkhaz, Aleut |
Г̧ г̧ | Ghe with cedilla | Karelian (1820's), Lezgian, Dargwa, Chechen (Uslar's orthographies) |
Г҄ г҄ | Ge with scribble | Church Slavonic |
Д̆ д̆ | De with breve | Aleut |
Д̣ д̣ | De with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic, Wakhi |
Ѓ ѓ | Gje | Macedonian |
Ѐ ѐ | Ye with grave | Macedonian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Church Slavonic |
Ӗ ӗ | Ye with breve | Chuvash |
Ё̄ ё̄ | Yo with macron | Khanty |
Е̄ е̄ | Ye with macron | Khanty, Bulgarian, Serbian |
Е̃ е̃ | Ye with tilde | Khinalug |
Є̈ є̈ | Ukrainian Ye with diaeresis | Khanty |
Ӂ ӂ | Zhe with breve | Moldavian |
Ӝ ӝ | Zhe with diaeresis | Udmurt |
Җ җ | Zhe with descender | Dungan, Tatar, Turkmen |
З́ з́ | Zje | Montenegrin |
Ӟ ӟ | Ze with diaeresis | Udmurt |
Ҙ ҙ | Ze with descender | Bashkir, Wakhi |
З̌ з̌ | Ze with caron | Nganasan, Shughni |
З̱ з̠ | Ze with macron below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
З̣ з̣ | Ze with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ԑ̈ ԑ̈ | Reversed Ze with diaeresis | Khanty |
Ѝ ѝ | I with grave | Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian |
Ҋ ҋ | Short I with tail | Kildin Sami |
Ӥ ӥ | I with diaeresis | Udmurt |
Ӣ ӣ | I with macron | Tajik, Bulgarian, Serbian |
И̃ и̃ | I with tilde | Khinalug, Godoberi |
Ї ї | Yi | Ukrainian, Rusyn, Church Slavonic (almost) |
Ї́ ї́ | Yi with acute | Ukrainian, Rusyn |
Ӄ ӄ | Ka with hook | Aleut, Khanty, Abkhaz (formally) |
Ҟ ҟ | Ka with stroke | Abkhaz |
Ҝ ҝ | Ka with vertical stroke | Azerbaijani |
К҄ к҄ | Ka with scribble | Church Slavonic |
Ԟ ԟ | Aleut Ka | Aleut [1] |
Қ қ | Ka with descender | Abkhaz, Kazakh, Khanty, Wakhi |
Ҡ ҡ | Bashkir Qa | Bashkir |
К̣ к̣ | Ka with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ԓ ԓ | El with hook | Chukchi, Khanty, Itelmen [2] |
Ԡ ԡ | El with middle hook | Chuvash (1872) [1] |
Ԯ ԯ | El with descender | Khanty [1] |
Ӆ ӆ | El with tail | Kildin Sami |
Ӎ ӎ | Em with tail | Kildin Sami |
Ӈ ӈ | En with hook | Aleut, Kildin Sami, Khanty, Nenets |
Н҄ н҄ | En with scribble | Church Slavonic |
Ԣ ԣ | En with middle hook | Chuvash (1872), [1] Udmurt (to 1897) |
Ԩ ԩ | En with left hook | Orok [7] |
Ң ң | En with descender | Dungan, Kazakh, Tatar, Turkmen, Bashkir, Khakasian, Khanty, Uzbek, Kyrgyz |
Ӊ ӊ | En with tail | Kildin Sami |
О̀ о̀ | O with grave | Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian |
О̄ о̄ | O with macron | Carpatho-Rusyn |
Ӧ ӧ | O with diaeresis | Hill Mari, Meadow Mari, Khakas, Khanty, Udmurt |
О̆ о̆ | O with breve | Itelmen, Khanty |
О̂ о̂ | O with circumflex | Udege, Rusyn, Bulgarian |
О̃ о̃ | O with tilde | Khinalug |
Ӧ̄ ӧ̄ | O with diaeresis and macron | |
Ө́ ө́ | Barred O/Oe with acute | Bashkir (not individual letter) |
Ӫ ӫ | Barred O/Oe with diaeresis | Khanty |
Ө̄ ө̄ | Barred O/Oe with macron | Negidal, Orok, Selkup |
Ө̆ ө̆ | Barred O/Oe with breve | Khanty |
Ҧ ҧ | Pe with middle hook | Old orthographies for Abkhaz |
Ԥ ԥ | Pe with descender | Abkhaz [8] |
Р̌ р̌ | Er with caron | Nivkh, Polish (formerly) |
Ҏ ҏ | Er with tick | Kildin Sami |
С́ с́ | Sje | Montenegrin |
Ҫ ҫ | Es with descender (The) | Bashkir, Chuvash, Nganasan |
С̱ с̠ | Es with macron below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
С̣ с̣ | Es with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ꚋ ꚋ | Te with middle hook | Abkhaz (1909—1926), Chuvash (1872) [1] |
Т̌ т̌ | Te with caron | Chuvash (1872), Shughni, Wakhi |
Ҭ ҭ | Te with descender | Abkhaz [8] |
Т̣ т̣ | Te with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ќ ќ | Kje | Macedonian |
У̀ у̀ | U with grave | Bulgarian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
У́ у́ | U with acute | Russian, Karachay-Balkar (formerly) |
Ӳ ӳ | U with double acute | Chuvash |
Ў ў | Short U | Belarusian, Dungan, Khanty, Uzbek |
Ӱ ӱ | U with diaeresis | Hill Mari, Meadow Mari, Khakas, Khanty, Rusyn |
Ӯ ӯ | U with macron | Carpatho-Rusyn (not individual letter), Tajik |
У̃ у̃ | U with tilde | Khinalug |
Ӱ́ ӱ́ | U with diaeresis and acute | Rusyn |
Ұ ұ | Straight U/Ue with stroke (Kazakh Short U) | Kazakh |
Ү́ ү́ | Straight U/Ue with acute | Mongolian (not individual letter) |
Х̑ х̑ | Kha with inverted breve | Aleut |
Ӽ ӽ | Kha with hook | Aleut, Nivkh, Itelmen, [2] Khanty, Abkhaz (formerly) |
Х҄ х҄ | Kha with scribble | Church Slavonic |
Ӿ ӿ | Kha with stroke | Nivkh [2] |
Ҳ ҳ | Kha with descender | Abkhaz, Khanty, Tajik, Uzbek, Wakhi |
Х̱ х̠ | Kha with macron below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Х̣ х̣ | Kha with dot below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Х̮ х̮ | Kha with breve below | Cyrillization of Arabic |
Ѽ ѽ | Omega | Slavic languages (Historic) [3] |
Ԧ ԧ | Shha with descender | Azerbaijani Cyrillic (1939-1991) [9] |
Ӵ ӵ | Che with diaeresis | Udmurt |
Ҹ ҹ | Che with vertical stroke | Azerbaijani |
Ҷ ҷ | Che with descender | Abkhaz, Khanty, Tajik, Wakhi |
Ҷ̣ ҷ̣ | Che with descender and dot below | Wakhi |
Ӌ ӌ | Khakassian Che | Khakas |
Ҿ ҿ | Abkhazian Che with descender | Abkhaz |
Ш̆ ш̆ | Sha with breve | Abkhaz language (Old) |
Ъ̀ ъ̀ | Hard sign with grave | Bulgarian (not individual letter) |
Ꙑ ꙑ | Yery with back yer | Old Church Slavonic, [3] now Ы |
Ы̆ ы̆ | Yery with breve | Moksha (1923-1938), Mari (old) |
Ӹ ӹ | Yery with diaeresis | Hill Mari, Northwestern Mari |
Ы̄ ы̄ | Yery with macron | Aleut (Bering dialect), [10] Evenki, Mansi, Nanai, Negidal, Ulch, Selkup |
Ы̂ ы̂ | Yery with circumflex | Udege (formerly) |
Ы̃ ы̃ | Yery with tilde | Moksha (1890s) |
Ҍ ҍ | Semisoft Sign | Kildin Sami |
Э̄ э̄ | E with macron | Aleut (Bering dialect), [10] Evenki, Mansi, Nanai, Negidal, Orok, Ulch, Kildin Sami, Selkup, Chechen |
Ӭ ӭ | E with diaeresis | Kildin Sami |
Э̆ э̆ | E with breve | Tundra Nenets |
Ӭ́ ӭ́ | E with diaeresis and acute | Kildin Sami |
Ӭ̄ ӭ̄ | E with diaeresis and macron | Kildin Sami |
Э̇ э̇ | E with dot above | Tundra Nenets |
Ю̀ ю̀ | Yu with grave | Bulgarian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
Ю̆ ю̆ | Yu with breve | Khanty |
Ю̈ ю̈ | Yu with diaeresis | Selkup, Karelian (formerly) |
Ю̈́ ю̈́ | Yu with diaeresis and acute | Rusyn |
Ю̄ ю̄ | Yu with macron | Aleut (Bering dialect), [10] Evenki, Mansi, Nanai, Negidal, Orok, Ulch, Kildin Sami, Selkup, Chechen |
Ю̂ ю̂ | Yu with circumflex | Udege (formerly) |
Я̀ я̀ | Ya with grave | Bulgarian (not individual letter, used in Dialects) |
Я̆ я̆ | Ya with breve | Khanty |
Я̈ я̈ | Ya with diaeresis | Selkup |
Я̄ я̄ | Ya with macron | Kildin Sami, Udege (formerly) |
Я̂ я̂ | Ya with circumflex | Udege (formerly) |
Ѷ ѷ | Izhitsa with kendema | (New) Church Slavonic |
Letter | Decomposition | Name | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Ӕ ӕ | АЕ | Æ | Ossetian |
Ꙣ ꙣ | ДГ[ citation needed ] | Soft De | Old Church Slavonic [1] |
Ԫ ԫ | ДЖ | Dzzhe | Komi |
Ꚅ ꚅ | ЗЖ | Zhwe | Abkhazian [1] |
Ꚉ ꚉ | ДЗ | Dzze | Abkhazian (replaced by Ӡ), [1] Komi |
Љ љ | ЛЬ | Lje | Macedonian, Montenegrin, Serbian |
Ꙥ ꙥ | ЛГ[ citation needed ] | Soft El | Old Church Slavonic [1] |
Ԕ ԕ | ЛХ | Lha | Early orthographies for Mordvin (Erzya and Moksha) [1] |
Ꙧ ꙧ | МГ[ citation needed ] | Soft Em | Old Church Slavonic [1] |
Ҥ ҥ | НГ | En Ghe/Soft En | Altay, Meadow Mari, Yakut, Old Church Slavonic |
Њ њ | НЬ | Nje | Macedonian, Montenegrin, Serbian |
Ꚙ ꚙ | ОО | Double O | Early Cyrillic [5] |
Ꙭ ꙭ | ꙨꙨ | Double Monocular O [1] | Early Cyrillic |
Ԗ ԗ | РХ | Rha | Early orthographies for Mordvin (Erzya and Moksha) [1] |
Ꙋ ꙋ | ОУ or ОѴ | Monograph Uk | Old Church Slavonic [3] |
Ѿ ѿ | ѠТ | Ot | Old Church Slavonic [1] |
Ҵ ҵ | ТЦ | Te Tse | Abkhasian |
Ꚑ ꚑ | ТС | Tsse | Abkhasian (to 1926), [1] Avar (1889) |
Ԭ ԭ | ДЧ | Dche | Komi (formerly) |
Ꚓ ꚓ | ТЧ | Tche | Abkhasian (1909—1926) [1] |
Ꚇ ꚇ | ЧЧ | Cche | Abkhasian (to 1926) [1] |
![]() ![]() | ЧШ | Che Sha | Udmurt (old) |
Ꙓ ꙓ | ІѢ | Iotated Yat | Old Church Slavonic [3] |
Ꙗ ꙗ | ІА | Iotated A | Old Church Slavonic [3] |
Ԙ ԙ | ЯЕ | Yae | Early orthographies for Mordvin (Erzya and Moksha) [1] |
Ѥ ѥ | ІЄ | Iotated E | Old Church Slavonic |
Ѩ ѩ | ІѦ | Iotated Little Yus | Old Church Slavonic |
Ꙝ ꙝ | ІꙘ | Iotated Closed Little Yus | Old Church Slavonic, Middle Bulgarian [3] as variant of iotated little yus |
Ѭ ѭ | ІѪ | Iotated Big Yus | Old Church Slavonic |
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Variants of Cyrillic are used by the writing systems of many languages, especially languages used in the countries with the significant presence of Slavic peoples. The tables below list the Cyrillic letters in use in various modern languages and show the primary sounds they represent in them (see the articles on the specific languages for more detail). Letter forms with a combined diacritic which are not considered separate letters in any language (notably vowels with accent marks which are sometimes used in some languages to indicate stress and/or tone) are excluded from the tables, with the exception of ѐ and ѝ [a] . The highlighted letters are those of the basic (original) Cyrillic alphabet; archaic letters no longer in use in any language today are not listed.
For letters not on this list, see Template:Infobox Cyrillic letter.
Language families | Slavic languages | Other Indo-European | Uralic | Caucasian | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alphabet | ru | be | uk | rue | sr [b] | bg | mk | mo | os | tg | sjd | mhr | mrj | udm | kca | yrk | ab | kbd | ce | ||
А а | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /aː/ | ||||||||||||||
Ӑ ӑ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӓ ӓ | /ʲ a/ | /æ/ | /ɐ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ә ә | /ɤ~ʌ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӛ ӛ | /ɘ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӕ ӕ | /ɐ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Б б | /b/ | /β, b/ | /b/ | ||||||||||||||||||
В в | /v/ | /ʋ~w/ | /v/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Г г | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ | /ɦ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ, ɡ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ, ɡ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ | /ɡ/ | |||||||||||
Ґ ґ | /ɡ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ғ ғ | /ʁ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӷ ӷ | /ɣ~ʁ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҕ ҕ | /ɣ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Д д | /d/ | /ð, d/ | /d/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ђ ђ | /d͡ʑ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ѓ ѓ | /ɟ~dʑ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Е е | /j e, e/ | /e/ | /j e, ʲ e/ | /e/ | /j e, ʲ e/ | /e, ʲ e, j e / | /j e, ʲ e, e, ɤ/ | /ɛ/ | /e, j a, a j/ | /e, ɛː, j e, i e/ | |||||||||||
Ѐ ѐ | /e/ [a] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ё ё | /j ɵ/ [c] | /j ɔ/ | /j ɔ/ | /j o/ | /j ɒ/ | /j o, ʲ o/ | /j o/ | /j o, ʲ o/ | /j o/ | ||||||||||||
Ӗ ӗ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Є є | /j e/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ж ж | /ʐ/ | /ʐ/ | /ʐ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʐ/ | /ʒ/ | |||||||||||||||
Ӂ ӂ | /dʒ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Җ җ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӝ ӝ | /d͡ʒ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
З з | /z/ | /z~ʒ/ | /z/ | ||||||||||||||||||
З́ з́ | /zʲ/ [b] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҙ ҙ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӟ ӟ | /dʲʑ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӡ ӡ | /dz/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ѕ ѕ | /dz/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
И и | /i/ | /ɪ/ | /i/ | /i, ʲ i/ | /i/ | /i~ɨ/ | /i/ | ||||||||||||||
Ѝ ѝ | /i/ [a] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӥ ӥ | /i/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӣ ӣ | /i ː/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
І і | /i/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ї ї | /j i/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӏ ӏ | /ʔ/ | /ʢ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Й й | /j/ | /j/ | /j/ | /j/ | |||||||||||||||||
Ҋ ҋ | /j̊/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ј ј | /j/ | /j/ | |||||||||||||||||||
К к | /k/ | /kʼ/ | /k/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Қ қ | /q/ | /k ʰ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҟ ҟ | /qʼ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҡ ҡ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӄ ӄ | /q/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҝ ҝ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Л л | /l~ɫ/ | /l/ | /l~ɫ/ | /l/ | /l~ɫ/ | /l/ | /l~ɮ/ | /l/ | |||||||||||||
Ӆ ӆ | /l̥/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Љ љ | /ʎ/ | /ʎ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
М м | /m/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӎ ӎ | /m̥/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Н н | /n/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӊ ӊ | /n̥/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ң ң | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӈ ӈ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҥ ҥ | /ŋ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Њ њ | /ɲ/ | /ɲ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
О о | /o/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | ||||||||||||
Ӧ ӧ | /ø/ | /ʌ/ | /ø/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ө ө | /ŏ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӫ ӫ | /ɵ~ɞ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҩ ҩ | /ɥ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
П п | /p/ | /pʼ/ | /p/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ԥ ԥ | /p ʰ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Р р | /r/ | /r~ɾ/ | /r/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ҏ ҏ | /r̥/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
С с | /s/ | /s~ʃ/ | /s/ | ||||||||||||||||||
С́ с́ | /sʲ/ [b] | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҫ ҫ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Т т | /t/ | /tʼ/ | /t/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ҭ ҭ | /t ʰ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ћ ћ | /t͡ɕ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ќ ќ | /c~tɕ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
У у | /u/ | [ u ]; /w/ | /u/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ў ў | /w/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ӳ ӳ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ӱ ӱ | /y/ | /y/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӯ ӯ | /ɵ~ø/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ү ү | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ұ ұ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ф ф | /f/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Х х | /x/ | /h/ | /χ/ | /x/ | /χ/ | /x/ | |||||||||||||||
Ҳ ҳ | /h/ | /ħ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Һ һ | /ʰ~h/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ц ц | /ts/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҵ ҵ | /tsʼ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ч ч | /tɕ/ | /ʈʂ/ | /ʈ͡ʂ/ | /ʈ͡ʂ/ | /tʃ/ | /tɕ/ | /tʃ/ | /tɕ/ | /tʃ ʰ/ | /tʃ/ | |||||||||||
Ӵ ӵ | /tɕ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҷ ҷ | /dʒ/ | /tʃʼ/ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӌ ӌ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ҹ ҹ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ҽ ҽ | /ʈʂ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ҿ ҿ | /ʈ͡ʂʼ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Џ џ | /ɖ͡ʐ/ | /dʒ/ | /ɖʐ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ш ш | /ʂ/ | /ʂ/ | /ʂ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʃ~ʂ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʂ/ | /ʃ/ | |||||||||||||
Щ щ | /ɕ ː/ | /ʃ tʃ/ | /ʃ t/ | /ʂ ʈ͡ʂ/ | (/ʃ tʃ/) | /ç/ | /ʃ tʃ/ | /ɕ(ː)/ | /ʃ tʃ/ | /ɕ ː/ | /ɕ/ | ||||||||||
Ъ ъ | [d] | [d] | /ɤ~ɐ/ | [e] | /ʔ/ | [d] | /ˠ/ | /ʔ/ | |||||||||||||
Ы ы | [ ɨ ] | /ɨ/ | /ɨ/ | (/i/) | /ɨ/ | /ɤ/ | /ɨ~ɯ/ | /ɨ/ | /ə/ | (/i/) | |||||||||||
Ӹ ӹ | /ɯ~ə/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ь ь | /ʲ/ | /ʲ/ | /ʲ/ | (/ʲ/) | /ʲ/ | [f] | |||||||||||||||
Ҍ ҍ | /ʲ/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Э э | [ ɛ ] | /ɛ/ | /ə/ | (/e/) | /e/ | /e, ɛː/ | /e, æ/ | /e/ | |||||||||||||
Ӭ ӭ | /ʲ e/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ю ю | /j u/ | /j u/ | /j u/ | /j u/ | |||||||||||||||||
Я я | /j a/ | /j ɑ/ | /j a/ | /j a/ | /j a/ | /j ɑ/ | /j a/ | /j ɑ/ | /j a/ | ||||||||||||
Alphabet | ru | be | uk | rue | sr | bg | mk | mo | os | tg | sjd | mhr | mrj | udm | kca | yrk | ab | kbd | ce |
Language families | Turkic languages | Tung. | Mongolic | Chin. | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alphabet | az | tk | kk | ky | krc | ba | tt | alt | kjh | sah | tyv | uz | ug | cv | evn | bua | mn | xal | dng |
А а | /ɑ/ | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /a/, /æ/ | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /a/ | /ɑ/ | /a~æ/ | /ɑ/ | /a/ | /a, ɑ/ | |||||||
Ӑ ӑ | /ə/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӓ ӓ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ә ә | /æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ | /æ/ | /ɤ/ | ||||||||||||||
Ӛ ӛ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӕ ӕ | |||||||||||||||||||
Б б | /b/ | /b~p/ | /b/ | /w/ | /b/ | /p/ | |||||||||||||
В в | /v/ | /β/ | (/v/) | /v/ | /w/ | /w/, /v/ | (/v/) | /v/ | (/v/) | /v/, /w/ | /w/ (/v/) | /ʋ/ | /v/ | (/w~β/) | /w̜/ | /w/ | |||
Г г | /ɡ/ | /ɡ~ʁ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɡ/, /ɣ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɡ/, /ɣ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɡ/, /ɢ/ | /k/ | ||||||||||
Ґ ґ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ѓ ѓ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ғ ғ | /ɣ/ | /ʁ/ | /ɣ/ | /ɣ/ | /ɣ/ | /ʁ/ | |||||||||||||
Ӷ ӷ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҕ ҕ | /ɣ~ʁ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Д д | /d/ | /d~t/ | /d/ | /t/ | |||||||||||||||
Ђ ђ | |||||||||||||||||||
Е е | /e/ | /i ɘ/ | /j e, e/ | /e/ | /e/ | /e/, /j e/, /j ɤ/ | /e/ | /j e, e/ | (/e/, /j e/) | /e, j e/ | /ɛ/, /j ɛ/ | /e/ | /ɛ/ | /j e/ | /j i~j o/ | /j e/ | /i ɛ/ | ||
Ѐ ѐ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ё ё | /j o/ | (/j o/) | /j o/ | /ø/ | /j o/ | (/j o/) | /j o/ | (/j o/) | (/j ɔ/) | (/j o/) | /j o/ | /j ɔ/ | /i ɔ/ | ||||||
Ӗ ӗ | /ɘ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ҽ ҽ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҿ ҿ | |||||||||||||||||||
Є є | |||||||||||||||||||
Ж ж | /ʒ/ | /dʒ/ | /dʒ/, /ʒ/ | /ʒ/ | (/ʒ/) | /ʒ/ | /dʒ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʐ/ | /ʒ/ | /tʃ/ | /ʐ/ | |||||||
Ӂ ӂ | |||||||||||||||||||
Җ җ | /dʒ/ | /ʑ/ | /dʒ/ | /dʒ/ | /tʂ, tɕ/ | ||||||||||||||
Ӝ ӝ | |||||||||||||||||||
З з | /z/ | /ð/ | /z/ | (/z/) | /z/ | /ts/ | |||||||||||||
З́ з́ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҙ ҙ | /ð/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӟ ӟ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӡ ӡ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ѕ ѕ | |||||||||||||||||||
И и | /i/ | /ɪ/ | /ɪ/, /ɯ/ | /i/ | /i, e i/ | ||||||||||||||
Ѝ ѝ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӥ ӥ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӣ ӣ | |||||||||||||||||||
І і | /ɘ/ | /ɪ/ | |||||||||||||||||
Ї ї | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӏ ӏ | |||||||||||||||||||
Й й | /j/ | /j/, /ȷ̃/ | /j/ | /i/ | /j/ | ||||||||||||||
Ҋ ҋ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ј ј | /j/ | /ɟ/ | |||||||||||||||||
К к | /c/ (/k/) | /k~q/ | /k/ | /k~q/ | /k/ | /k/, /q/ | /k/ | /k~q/ | /k/ | (/k/) | (/k ʰ~x/) | (/k/) | /k ʰ/ | ||||||
Қ қ | /q/ | /q/ | |||||||||||||||||
Ҟ ҟ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҡ ҡ | /q/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӄ ӄ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҝ ҝ | /ɟ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Л л | /l/ | /ɮ/ | /l/ | ||||||||||||||||
Ӆ ӆ | |||||||||||||||||||
Љ љ | |||||||||||||||||||
М м | /m/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӎ ӎ | |||||||||||||||||||
Н н | /n/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӊ ӊ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ң ң | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | |||||||||||||
Ӈ ӈ | /ŋ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ҥ ҥ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ/ | |||||||||||||||||
Њ њ | |||||||||||||||||||
О о | /o/ | /u ʊ/ | /o/ | /ɔ/ | /o/ | /ɔ/ | |||||||||||||
Ӧ ӧ | /ø/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ө ө | /ø/ | /y ʉ/ | /ø/ | /ø/ | /ø/ | /ø/ | /ø/ | /o/ | |||||||||||
Ӫ ӫ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҩ ҩ | |||||||||||||||||||
П п | /p/ | /p~p ʰ/ | /p/ | (/p/) | (/p ʰ/) | /p ʰ/ | |||||||||||||
Ԥ ԥ | |||||||||||||||||||
Р р | /ɾ/ | /r/ | /ɾ/ | /r/ | /ɾ/ | /r/ | /ɾ/ | /r/ | /ɚ, r/ | ||||||||||
Ҏ ҏ | |||||||||||||||||||
С с | /s/ | /θ/ | /s/ | ||||||||||||||||
С́ с́ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҫ ҫ | /θ/ | /ɕ/ | |||||||||||||||||
Т т | /t/ | /t~t ʰ/ | /t/ | /t ʰ/ | |||||||||||||||
Ҭ ҭ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ћ ћ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ќ ќ | |||||||||||||||||||
У у | /u/ | /w/, /ʊ w/, /ʉ w/ | /u/ | /u/, /w/ | /u/ | /ʊ/ | /ɤ u, u/ | ||||||||||||
Ў ў | /w/ | /o/ | /u/ | ||||||||||||||||
Ӳ ӳ | /y/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӱ ӱ | /y/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ӯ ӯ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ү ү | /y/ | /ʉ/ | /y/ | /y/ | /y/, /w/ | /y/ | /ʏ/ | /y/ | /u/ | /y/ | |||||||||
Ұ ұ | /ʊ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ф ф | /f/ | /ɸ/ | (/f/) | /f/ | /ɸ/ | (/f/) | /f~ɸ/ | (/f/) | /f/ | (/f/) | (/f~p ʰ/) | (/f/) | /f/ | ||||||
Х х | /x~χ/ | /h~x/ | (/x/) | /h/ | /x/ | /χ/ | /x/ | ||||||||||||
Ҳ ҳ | /h/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Һ һ | /h/ | /h/ | /h/ | /h/ | /h/ | /h/ | /h/ | ||||||||||||
Ц ц | (/t s/) | (/t͡s/) | (/t s/) | /t͡s/ | (/t s/) | /t͡s/ | (/t s/) | (/t͡s/) | (/t s/) | (/t s/) | /t s/ | (/t s/) | /t͡s ʰ/ | ||||||
Ҵ ҵ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ч ч | /tʃ/ | (/tɕ/) | /tʃ/ | /ɕ/ | (/t ʃ/) | /tʃ/ | /c/ | /tʃ/ | /tɕ/ | /tʃ/ | (/t ʃ/) | /tʃ ʰ/ | /tʂ ʰ, tɕ ʰ/ | ||||||
Ӵ ӵ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ҷ ҷ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ӌ ӌ | /dʒ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Ҹ ҹ | /dʒ/ | ||||||||||||||||||
Џ џ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ш ш | /ʃ/ | (/ʃ/) | /ʃ/ | /ʂ/ | /ʃ/ | /ʂ/ | |||||||||||||
Щ щ | (/ʃ tʃ/) | (/ɕ/) | /ʃ tʃ, ʃ ː/ | (/ʃ/) | /ɕ/ | /ʃ ɕ/ | (/ʃ t ʃ/) | /ɕ ː/ | (/ɕ ː/) | (/ʃ tʃ/) | (/ɕ ː/, /ɕ tɕ/) | (/ʃ tʃ/) | /ɕ/ | ||||||
Ъ ъ | [g] | /ʲ/ | /ʔ/ | [g] | /ˤ/ | [ ʔ ] | [g] | [d] | [g] | ||||||||||
Ы ы | /ɯ/ | /ə/ | /ɯ/ | /ɨ/ | /ɯ/ | /ɤ/ | /ɯ/ | /ɯ/ | /i/ | /ʉ/ | /i/ | /ɪ, ɨ ə/ | |||||||
Ӹ ӹ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ь ь | [g] | /ʲ/ | /ʔ/ | /ʲ/ | [g] | /ʲ/ | [g] | [g] | /ʲ/ | [g] | |||||||||
Ҍ ҍ | |||||||||||||||||||
Э э | /e/ | (/e/) | /e/ | /e/, /æ/ | /e/ | /e/, /ʔ/ | (/e/) | /e/ | /ɛ/ | /e/ | /ɛ/ | /e/ | /ɛ/ | ||||||
Ӭ ӭ | |||||||||||||||||||
Ю ю | /j u/ | /j ʉ w/, /j ʊ w/ | /j u, j y/ | /y/ | /j u/ | /j u/, /j y/ | (/j u/) | /j u/ | (/j u/) | /j u/ | /j u, j ʊ/ | /j ʊ/ | /i ɤ u/ | ||||||
Я я | /j a/ | /j ɑ/ | /j a, j ɑ/ | /æ/ | /j a/ | /j a/, /j æ/ | (/j ɑ/) | /j a/ | (/j a/) | (/j ɑ/) | (/j a/) | /j a/ | /i a, i ɑ/ | ||||||
Alphabet | az | tk | kk | ky | krc | ba | tt | alt | kjh | sah | tyv | uz | ug | cv | bua | mn | xal | evn | dng |
Early scripts | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Church Slavonic | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Ꙉ | Ѕ | Е | Ж | З Ꙁ | И | І | Ꙇ | Ї | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О Ѡ | П | Р | С | Т | Оу Ꙋ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ꙑ Ы | Ѣ | Ь | Ю | Ꙗ | Ѥ | Ѧ | Ѩ | Ѫ | Ѭ | Ѯ | Ѱ | Ѳ | Ѵ | Ҁ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Most common shared letters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ь | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
South Slavic languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Дж | Дз | Е | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Дж | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ь | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Macedonian | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Ѓ | Ѕ | Е | Ж | З | И | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н | Њ | О | П | Р | С | Т | Ќ | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ | Ш | ’ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serbian | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Ђ | Е | Ж | З | И | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н | Њ | О | П | Р | С | Т | Ћ | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ | Ш | ’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Montenegrin | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Ђ | Е | Ж | З | З́ | И | Ј | К | Л | Љ | М | Н | Њ | О | П | Р | С | С́ | Т | Ћ | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Џ | Ш | ’ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
East Slavic languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Russian | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Belarusian | А | Б | В | Г | Ґ | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | І | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ў | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | ’ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ukrainian | А | Б | В | Г | Ґ | Д | Е | Є | Ж | З | И | І | Ї | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | ’ | Ь | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rusyn | А | Б | В | Г | Ґ | Д | Е | Є | Ё | Ж | З | И | І | Ї | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nigenic languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kurdish | А | Б | В | Г | Г' | Д | Е | Ә | Ә' | Ж | З | И | Й | К | К' | Л | М | Н | О | Ö | П | П' | Р | Р' | С | Т | Т' | У | Ф | Х | Һ | Һ' | Ч | Ч' | Ш | Щ | Ь | Э | Ԛ | Ԝ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ossetian | А | Ӕ | Б | В | Г | Гъ | Д | Дж | Дз | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Къ | Л | М | Н | О | П | Пъ | Р | С | Т | Тъ | У | Ф | Х | Хъ | Ц | Цъ | Ч | Чъ | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tajik | А | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Ӣ | Й | К | Қ | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ӯ | Ф | Х | Ҳ | Ч | Ҷ | Ш | Ъ | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Romance languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moldovan | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ж | Ӂ | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uralic languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Komi-Permyak | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | І | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | Ӧ | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Meadow Mari | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ҥ | О | Ӧ | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ӱ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hill Mari | А | Ӓ | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | Ӧ | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ӱ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ӹ | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kildin Sami | А | Ӓ | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | Ҋ | Ј | К | Л | Ӆ | М | Ӎ | Н | Ӊ | Ӈ | О | П | Р | Ҏ | С | Т | У | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Ҍ | Э | Ӭ | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turkic languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Azerbaijani | А | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Е | Ә | Ё | Ж | З | И | Ј | Й | К | Ҝ | Л | М | Н | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ҹ | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bashkir | А | Ә | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Ҙ | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Ҡ | Л | М | Н | Ҥ | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Ҫ | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ә | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chuvash | А | Ӑ | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ӗ | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Ҫ | Т | У | Ӳ | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kazakh | А | Ә | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | І | Й | К | Қ | Л | М | Н | Ң | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ұ | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kyrgyz | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ң | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Ч | Ш | Ы | Э | Ю | Я | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tatar | А | Ә | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | Җ | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ң | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uzbek | А | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Қ | Л | М | Н | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ў | Ф | Х | Ҳ | Ч | Ш | Ъ | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uyghur | А | Ә | Б | В | Г | Ғ | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | Җ | З | И | Й | К | Қ | Л | М | Н | Ң | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Ъ | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mongolian languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buryat | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | Л | М | Н | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Һ | Ц | Ч | Ш | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Khalkha | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kalmyk | А | Ә | Б | В | Г | Һ | Д | Е | Ж | Җ | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ң | О | Ө | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ү | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Ь | Э | Ю | Я | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Caucasian languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abkhaz | А | Б | В | Г | Ҕ | Д | Џ | Е | Ҽ | Ҿ | Ж | Жә | З | Ӡ Ӡә | И | Й | К | Қ | Ҟ | Л | М | Н | О | Ҩ | П | Ҧ | Р | С | Т Тә | Ҭ Ҭә | У | Ф | Х | Ҳ Ҳә | Ц Цә | Ҵ Ҵә | Ч | Ҷ | Ш Шә | Щ | Ы | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sino-Tibetan languages | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dungan | А | Б | В | Г | Д | Е | Ё | Ж | Җ | З | И | Й | К | Л | М | Н | Ң | Ә | О | П | Р | С | Т | У | Ў | Ү | Ф | Х | Ц | Ч | Ш | Щ | Ъ | Ы | Ь | Э | Ю | Я |
N, or n, is the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages, and others worldwide. Its name in English is en, plural ens.
T, or t, is the twentieth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is tee, plural tees.
The Coptic script is the script used for writing the Coptic language, the most recent development of Egyptian. The repertoire of glyphs is based on the uncial Greek alphabet, augmented by letters borrowed from the Egyptian Demotic. It was the first alphabetic script used for the Egyptian language. There are several Coptic alphabets, as the script varies greatly among the various dialects and eras of the Coptic language.
The Russian alphabet is the script used to write the Russian language. It comes from the Cyrillic script, which was devised in the 9th century for the first Slavic literary language, Old Slavonic. Initially an old variant of the Bulgarian alphabet, it became used in the Kievan Rusʹ since the 10th century to write what would become the modern Russian language.
The Early Cyrillic alphabet, also called classical Cyrillic or paleo-Cyrillic, is an alphabetic writing system that was developed in Medieval Bulgaria in the Preslav Literary School during the late 9th century. It is used to write the Church Slavonic language, and was historically used for its ancestor, Old Church Slavonic. It was also used for other languages, but between the 18th and 20th centuries was mostly replaced by the modern Cyrillic script, which is used for some Slavic languages, and for East European and Asian languages that have experienced a great amount of Russian cultural influence.
The Bulgarian Cyrillic alphabet is used to write the Bulgarian language. The Cyrillic alphabet was originally developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 9th – 10th century AD at the Preslav Literary School.
The romanization of the Russian language, aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout (JCUKEN). In the latter case, they would type using a system of transliteration fitted for their keyboard layout, such as for English QWERTY keyboards, and then use an automated tool to convert the text into Cyrillic.
The soft sign is a letter in the Cyrillic script that is used in various Slavic languages. In Old Church Slavonic, it represented a short or reduced front vowel. However, over time, the specific vowel sound it denoted was largely eliminated and merged with other vowel sounds.
The Ukrainian alphabet is the set of letters used to write Ukrainian, which is the official language of Ukraine. It is one of several national variations of the Cyrillic script. It comes from the Cyrillic script, which was devised in the 9th century for the first Slavic literary language, called Old Slavonic. In the 10th century, it became used in Kievan Rus' to write Old East Slavic, from which the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn, and Ukrainian alphabets later evolved. The modern Ukrainian alphabet has 33 letters in total: 21 consonants, 1 semivowel, 10 vowels and 1 palatalization sign. Sometimes the apostrophe (') is also included, which has a phonetic meaning and is a mandatory sign in writing, but is not considered as a letter and is not included in the alphabet.
Kra is a glyph formerly used to write the Kalaallisut language of Greenland and is now only found in Inuttitut, a distinct Inuktitut dialect. It is visually similar to a Latin small capital letter K, a Greek letter Kappa: κ, or a Cyrillic small letter Ka: к.
The letter Ъ ъ of the Cyrillic script is known as er goläm in the Bulgarian alphabet, as the hard sign in the modern Russian and Rusyn alphabets, as the debelo jer in pre-reform Serbian orthography, and as ayirish belgisi in the Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. The letter is called back yer or back jer and yor or jor in the pre-reform Russian orthography, in Old East Slavic, and in Old Church Slavonic.
Unicode has subscripted and superscripted versions of a number of characters including a full set of Arabic numerals. These characters allow any polynomial, chemical and certain other equations to be represented in plain text without using any form of markup like HTML or TeX.
Three alphabets are used to write Kazakh: the Cyrillic, Latin and Arabic scripts. The Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Russia, and Mongolia. An October 2017 Presidential Decree in Kazakhstan ordered that the transition from Cyrillic to a Latin script be completed by 2031. The Arabic script is used in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, and parts of China.
Qa is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is based on the Latin letter Q (Q q). Depending on the font, the uppercase form can look like a reversed Cyrillic letter Р, with the lowercase form also resembling a reversed Cyrillic letter Р.
The modifier letter apostropheʼ is a letter found in Unicode encoding, used primarily for various glottal sounds.
Numerous Cyrillic alphabets are based on the Cyrillic script. The early Cyrillic alphabet was developed in the 9th century AD and replaced the earlier Glagolitic script developed by the theologians Cyril and Methodius. It is the basis of alphabets used in various languages, past and present, Slavic origin, and non-Slavic languages influenced by Russian. As of 2011, around 252 million people in Eurasia use it as the official alphabet for their national languages. About half of them are in Russia. Cyrillic is one of the most-used writing systems in the world. The creator is Saint Clement of Ohrid from the Preslav literary school in the First Bulgarian Empire.
This is a list of rare glyph variants of Cyrillic letter O. They were proposed for inclusion into Unicode in 2007 and incorporated as in Unicode 5.1.
In typesetting, the hook or tail is a diacritic mark attached to letters in many alphabets. In shape it looks like a hook and it can be attached below as a descender, on top as an ascender and sometimes to the side. The orientation of the hook can change its meaning: when it is below and curls to the left it can be interpreted as a palatal hook, and when it curls to the right is called hook tail or tail and can be interpreted as a retroflex hook. It should not be mistaken with the hook above, a diacritical mark used in Vietnamese, or the rhotic hook, used in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
The Komi language, a Uralic language spoken in the north-eastern part of European Russia, has been written in several different alphabets. Currently, Komi writing uses letters from the Cyrillic script. There have been five distinct stages in the history of Komi writing: